, 100080,,, 1 -BEC Scientfic American 278-3 1998. - 1
1 (BEC) - - -- - - [1-3] 1995 5 JILA [4] Rice MIT [5,6] 1995,,,, - - 1924, 30 - [2],, [1] :,,,,, [7,8] 2
2 BEC -,,,,, -,,,,,,, -, µ k -, [9,10],,, [11] 1998 8 Kleppner MIT [28] 3
- -,, -, Steven.Chu Phillips Cohen-Tannoudji 1997,,,.. 1975, H a nsch Shawlow [12], Letohov 1968 [13], 1985 S.Chu [14],,,,, 2 4
, [15], 3, 240 µ k,,,, Phillips [16], Dalibard Pritchard [17] Cohen-Tannoudji [18,19], 1 k µ Cohen-Tannoudji [20],,, -, - - - Weiman JILA Cornell Pitrich 1995 [21] [4] Weiman [22] 0.17 µ k 5
0.17 µ k 2.5 10 12 cm -3 -, Weiman - 4 BEC Science 269(1995),200 - - 4 - - Rice Hulet - [5] [5] Rice Ketterle 5 2 µ k 5 10 14 cm -3[6] Ketterle - [24-27] 6
5 MIT BEC Phys.Rev.Lett.75(1995)397 - - - 6 [27] [25] - - Feshbach [26] - 6 BEC Science, 297(1998),1005 Yale Anderson Kassevich - [25 ] Josephoson 7 7
7 BEC Josephoson : Science,282(1998),1686 - - Ketterle 1996 1997 [23] - 0 Rabi 8 8 8
- [24] 9-9 : Nature, 385(1997),685 [27,28] Ketterle Ketterle - - Feshbach [26] Feshbach 10 - - 9
- Feshbach [26] 10 Feshbach Nature 392 1998151 - -- - [29] µ K Cr 11 10
11 [29] ( ) 12 12-12 11
13 - - -, (,, ) - - - - 12
- -,,,, - 13
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