AppendixA.PDF

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "AppendixA.PDF"

俵襄倪
9 years ago
Views:

1 A A.1 A.1.1 A.1.2 A.1.3 A.1.4 A.2 A.2.1 A A A A.2.2 A.1 1 psychophysical neurophysiology A.1 A.1 207

2 208 A.1.1 A..2 A.2 A A A.3

3 209 2/3 2 8 A.4

4 A.1.3 A (1) (2) (3) A.5 210

5 A A A.7 211

6 % A.7 A.2

7 A.2.1 A receptive field on off on-off A 8 Kuffler [Ku 53] A.8 [Rod 65] Rodieck 213

8 2 G Hammond [Ham 73] A Lettvin [Let 59] [Hub 63, 68] Hubel Wissel 1. A.9 (1) (2) (3) A.9 A.10 A

9 A.9 A A.11, A, B, C D B (b) A (1) A

10 A.11 A.12 (2) A A lateral inhibition 216

11 A.14 A.13 A.15 Hardilne [Har 57] 1000 A.15 A, B A, B B 30 A 3 217

12 A.16 A.16 A.16 March 1865 [Ratliff 72] A.17 A.2.2 Visual acuity Contrast Sensitivity 218

13 perceptual A.18 C C I I max min = I max + I min I max I min I = I max C=0 I min = 0 C=1 C 0 1 min C ( u) Contrast threshold u θ A.17 CSF(u) Contrast Senistivisty Function A.18 Fourier Fourier modulation ( H u) H( u) C = C C in C out u out in 219

14 A.18 Fourier [Campbell 65] 1 H( u) CSF ( u) = C u θ ( ) H( u) C u A.20 θ ( ) 2 5 Compbell Robson [Com 78] A.20 1 CSF 4/π Compbell Robson

15 A.19 4/π CSF 4/π [Georgeson 75] 1 octave [Martin 85] [ 87] 1987 [ 80] 1980 [ 86] , 1986 [Bab 83] Babaud, J., witkin, A., and Duda, R., Uniqueness of the Gaussian Kernel for scale-space filtering, Fairchild Tech, Rep. 645, Flair 22,

16 [Bara 81] Barrow, H. G., and Tenenbaum, J.M., Computational Vision, Proceedings of IEEE, Vol.69, No.5, [Bar 78] Barrow, H.G., and Terenbaum, J.M., Recovering Scene Characteristics from images, In A.R.Hanson and E.M. Riseman [Eds], Computer Vision Systems. New York, Academic Press, 3-26, [Bra 65] Bracewell, R., The Fourier Transform and its applications, New York, MacGraw -Hill, [Cam 68] Campbell, F.W.C. and Robson, J., Application of Fourier analysis to the Visibility of gratings, J. Physiol, (Lond) 197, , [Feb 85] Feldman, J.A. and Ballard, D.H., Computing With Connections, In J. Beck, B. Hope and A. Resenfeld, (eds), Human and Machine Vision, Academic Press, 107, [Fel 85] Feldman, J.A., Four Frames Suffice; A Provisional Model of Vision and Space, behavioural and Brain Sciences 8, 1985, [Har 84] Haralick, M., Digital step edges from zerocrossing of second directional derivative, IEEE trans. Pattern, Anal. Mach. Intell. PAMI-6, 1984, [Hoc 81] Hochberg, s., Levels of Perceptual Organization, in M. Kubovg and J.R. Pomer antz (eds), Perceptual Organiztion, 255, [Hub, Wie 62] Hubel, D.H, and Wiesel, T.N., Receptive fields, Binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat s visual cortex, J. physiol (Lond)166, , [Hub 68] Hubel, D.H., and wiesel, T.N., Receptive fields and functional architecture of monkey striate cortex., J., physiol. (Lond) 195, [Huf 77] Huffman, D.A., Realizable Configurations of lines in pictures of polyhedra, in E.W.Elcock and D.Michie eds., Machine Intelligence 8, Edinbugh: Edinbargh UniVersity Press, , [Kan 87] Kanal, L. and Tsao. T., Artificial Intelligence and Natural Perception, In Intelligent Autonomous Systems, P60-70, [Mar 80] Marr, D. and Hildreth, E., Theory of edge detection, Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B207, , [Mar 85] Martin, D. L., Vision in Man and Machine, McGraw-Hill [May 81] Mayhew, J.E.W. and Frisby, J.P., Psycho physical and computational Studies towards a theory of human stereopsis, Artificial Intelligence , [New 79] Newell, A and Simon, H.A., Human Problem Solving, Englewood, Cliffs, N.J., Prentice-Hall, [Pen 86] Pentlan, A.P., Part Models, In Proc. of Int. Conf. Pattern Recognition and Computer Vision, Miami Beach, Porida, June 22-26, 1986, [Rob 65] Roberts, L., Machine perception of three dimensional solids, in J. Tippetl eds, Optical and electron optical information Processing. Cambri dge. Mass., MIT Press, , [Swa 91] Swain, M.J., and Stricker, M., eds., Promising Directions in Active Vision. The NSF Active Vision workshop, University of Chicago, Aug, 5-7, [Tez 82] Tezopouols, D., Multilevel reconstruction of visual surfaces, M.I.T, Artif. Intell. Lab., A.I, Mamo. 671, [Wal 72] Waltz, D., Understanding line drawings of scene with shadow, in the psychology of Computer Visio, ed. by. P.H.Winston, McGraw -Hill Book Company, N.Y.1975, Based on ph.d. Thesis; MIT, MA, [Tez 82] Tezopoulos, D., Multilevel reconstruction of Visual surfaces, M.I.T. Artif. Intell. Lab., 222

17 A.I. Mamo. 671, [Wit 83] witkin, A.p., Scale-space filtering, proc. of the 8 th Int. Conf. On AI , [Yui 86] Yuille, A.l., and Poggio, T.A., Scaling theorems for zero crossings. IEEE trans. on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, PAMI-8, No.1, 15-25,

ebook 168-6

ebook 168-6 6 6.1 S - R a g e n t (computer vision) I ( x, y, t ) x y t a g e n t 6-1 a g e n t 6-1 a g e n t a g e n t 54 a g e n t a g e n a g e n t a g e n t 6.2 S-R agent A LV I N N[Pomerleau 1991, Pomerleau 1993]