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柳免葛
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1 6/14 AI Marr ELIZA SHRDLU DENDRAL, MYIN, AM, Eurisko, yc Deep Blue, 2010 Alpha-o ASON AI AI 1 2 HAL AI 3 AI AI AI AI AI spin-off AI 4 HMM (Hidden Markov Model) SVM 5 6

2 ... ASON (IBM) echnological Singularity eneral AI Heuristics(1) Heuristics algorithm 7 8 Heuristics(2) 9 hinook: 2007 Logistello 1997 DeepBlue, (!) : Alpha-o 2016 vol.57 no Victor Allis (1994). Searching for Solutions in ames and Artificial Intelligence. Ph.D. hesis, University of Limburg, Maastricht, he Netherlands. ISBN

3 Slagle SAIN AI AI Macsyma, Reduce, Mathematica, Maple Mathematica Integrator 13 eb 14 indows IME DENDRAL Spin-off Lisp, Prolog, SS 17 EPAM (Feigenbaum), PS (Newell & Simon), A (Anderson), SOAR (Newell),... 18

4 yc, Openyc (1984 ) Open Mind ommon Sense, onceptnet (1999 ). ASON Jeopardy! IBM 19 Evans inston cf. deep learning 20 Subsumption Architecture (Brooks, 1986 ) eb AIBO Vocaloid 22 echnological Singularity Stanislaw Ulam, Verner Vinge, Ray Kurzweil 6/

5 Representationalism 25 [Frame] Marr David Marr ( ) Vision: A omputational Investigation into the Human Representation and Processing of Visual Information (Freeman, 1982) 1987 Artificial Intelligence: A Personal View, Artificial Intelligence, vol.9, no.1 (1977), pp Marr Marr Levels of Analysis omputational level Algorithmic level Implementational level 29 Stages of Vision Primal Sketch 2.5D Sketch Primal Sketch 3D Model 30

6 Agent Heidegger, adamar J. J. ibson, Subsumption Architecture (R. Brooks, 1986) 32 H. Dreyfus J. Searle AI AI [hrm] J. eizenbaum ELIZA. inograd & F. Flores inograd SHRDLU AI 33 (J. eizenbaum) inograd & Flores echnological Singularity

7 1. mini-max 2. ELIZA forward search (backward search (heuristic search) 40 () ()() () 1,,, 41 42

8 ,,, 2 4 = 16, 16 6 = (enetic Algorithm) AND/OR 47 48

9 max: min: Mini-max tree mini-max - 49 (Hill limbing) local peak, plateau 50 mini-max A max mini-max A 6 max B min 6 3 B min D E F H max D E F H max I J K L M N O P Q min I J K L M N O P Q (min) mini-max A <=3 B >=8 4 >= D E F H I J K L M N O P Q max min max (min)

10 (selective deepening) PS ponanza FINAL ponanza

11 NII web ex) ex) juman machine translation 62 ALPA 70 SHRDLU inograd ELIZA (eizenbaum 1966) [ELIZA 1, 2] eizenbaum: omputer Power & Human Reason inograd & Flores: Understanding omputers and ognition inograd, erry: Understanding Natural Language (1972): SHRDLU 64 ELIZA mother tell me more about your family Rogers DOOR: PARRY: DOOR vs. PARRY 65 yc, Openyc (1984 ) Open Mind ommon Sense, onceptnet (1999 ). ASON Jeopardy! IBM olfram Alpha 66

12 1960 ALPA Systran Yahoo! / Babelfish oogle cf. 68 oogle Yahoo! Yahoo! Japan SYSRAN Babelfish SYSRAN excite eblio 69

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訪談後的檢討 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~p.18,19 2 Open ME 1 訪談後的檢討 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~p.18,19 2 3 3A02 區詠芝如果叫我真心說一句, 當我知道這個活動時, 我是不願出席的一來剝奪了假期, 二來不想與老人相處, 總覺得他們很嘮叨的! 而且老人家們沒有上學讀書, 因此他們也