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1 1, 谭志军 2 1,, 翟毓秀 2 1,, 杨帆 2 1,, 王军 2 1,, 宁劲松 2 1,, 赵艳芳 2 1, 2, 尚德荣 (1.,, ; 2., ) 摘要 : 研究了獐子岛虾夷扇贝养殖区表层沉积物中 Pb Cd Cu Zn 等有害重金属的含量及时空分布, 并采用瑞典学者 Hakanson 的潜在生态危害指数法对该区域重金属的分布特征和生态风险进行了分析结果表明, 獐子岛海域表层沉积物 Pb Cd Cu Zn 含量均是在夏季较低冬季较高, 最高含量分别为 9.17± ± ± mg/kg±5.21 mg/kg, 远低于国家一类海域标准及 Hakanson 提出的全球工业化前沉积物中相应污染物的背景值综合评价, 该海域表层沉积物中重金属的污染程度不具有生态风险性, 整个养殖区养殖环境良好, 为优良的贝类增养殖海域关键词 : 贝类养殖 ; 表层沉积物 ; 重金属 ; 潜在生态危害中图分类号 : X53 文献标识码 : A 文章编号 : (2012) , [1], [2-3], [4], [5-8], [9-11], [12], 50%,, [13] [14], [7], [15-19], [18],, Hakanson [20] Pb Cd Cu Zn,, 1 材料与方法 1.1 样品采集, 9 (, 1), , 1 (0 10 cm), 3, GB (, 1998) 3 : [21] : ; : : ( ); (200901) : (1978-),,,, : , E-mal: tanzj@ysr.ac.cn; (1962-),,, E-mal: zhayx@ysr.ac.cn Marne Scences / Vol. 36, No. 3 /

2 1 Fg. 1 Investgaton statons n Zhangz Island marcultural area 1.2 样品分析 , 80, g, 100 ml, 10.0 ml HNO 3,, 180,,, 2.5 ml HClO 4,,,, 100 ml, 100 ml, (AA-6800 ) Pb Cd, Cu Zn 2 结果与讨论 2.1 獐子岛贝类养殖区表层沉积物重金属含量及时空分布 2.1.1, Pb Cd Cu Zn,, ( 1, 2), [7], ( 2),, Pb Cd Cu Zn , 4, 8 11 ; Pb Cd, Cu Zn 11 (P<0.05) 2.2 贝类养殖区重金属污染的生态危害评价 Lars Hakanson w(pb) w(cd) w(cu) w(zn) mg/kg, [20], : s n C = C / C 90 / 2012 / 36 / 3

3 表 1 不同贝类养殖区表层沉积物中重金属的含量 (mg/kg) Tab. 1 Contents o heavy metal n sedments rom derent shellsh culture area (mg/kg) Pb Cd Cu Zn S S S S S S S S S ± ± ± ±5.21 表 2 獐子岛海域与黄渤海其他区域重金属含量水平比较 (mg/kg) Tab. 2 Comparson o heavy metal contents between Zhangz Island area and other areas n Boha and Yellow sea (mg/kg) Pb Cd Cu Zn ( ) [22] [19] [18] [23] [19] [15] [24] [16] [17] >250.0 >5.0 >200.0 >600.0 : C ; Cs mg/kg; Cn 2 (mg/kg) Fg. 2 Seasonal varaton o heavy metal contents n sedments rom shellsh culture areas (mg/kg) C d : C d n = 1 = C, Pb Cd Cu Zn Hakanson [20] ( 3, 4), Marne Scences / Vol. 36, No. 3 /

4 表 3 沉积物重金属污染的环境质量划分标准 Tab. 3 Classcaton o heavy metal pollutant degree n sedments C 1 C d 5 1 C 3 5 C d 10 3 C 6 10 C d 20 C 6 C d 20 表 4 獐子岛沉积物单因子污染指数 C 及综合污染指数 C d Tab. 4 Potental pollutant actor ( C culture areas ) and pollutant ndcates (C d ) o heavy metal n surace sedments rom shellsh C Pb Cd Cu Zn C d S S S S S S S S S ± ± ± ± ± Hakanson [20],,, E r E = T C = T C / C : r r r s n Tr,, Pb Cd Cu Zn T r n = 1 r RI = E RI 5, Pb Cd Cu Zn 表 5 表层沉积物重金属生态危害程度划分标准 Tab. 5 Classcaton o ecologcal rsk o heavy metal n surace sedments RI RI RI RI / 2012 / 36 / 3

5 表 6 獐子岛养殖区表层沉积物重金属的单因子潜在生态危害系数 E r 和综合危害指数 RI Tab. 6 Potental ecologcal rsk actor ( E r ) and rsk ndcates (RI) o heavy metal n surace sedments rom shellsh culture areas E r Pb Cd Cu Zn S S S S S S S S S ± ± ± ± ±1.40 RI, [17-18],, 3 结论 (1) Pb Cd Cu Zn, (2) Hakanson,, : [1],,,. [J]., 2008, 27(3): [2] Srnvasa R M, Shak B, Sravan K, et a1. Dstrbuton, enrchment and accumulaton o heavy meals n coastal sedments o Alang-Sosya shp scrappng yard, Inda[J]. Marne Polluton Bulletn, 2004, 48: [3] Carolna M, Carlos M, Manuel P, et a1. Prelmnary nvestgaton on the enrchment o heavy metals n marne sedments orgnated rom ntensve aquaculture eluents[j]. Aquaculture, 2006, 254: [4],,,. [J]., 2005, 24(5): [5] Ocel M, Jose M B, Macarena A, et al. Estmaton o the detary ntake o cadmum, lead, mercury, and arsenc by the populaton o Santago (Chle) usng a Total Det Study[J]. Food and Chemcal Toxcology, 2005, 43: [6],,. [J]., 2007, 31(9): [7],,,. [J]., 2009, 33(8): [8],,,. [J]., 2009, 28(1): [9] Sn S N, Chua H, Lo W, et al. Assessment o heavy metal catons n sedments o Shng Mun Rver, Hong Kong[J]. Envronment Internatonal, 2001, 26: [10] Marchand C, Laller-Vergès E, Baltzer F, et al. Heavy metals dstrbuton n mangrove sedments along the moble coastlne o French Guana[J]. Marne Chemstry, 2006, 98:1-17. [11] Pekey H. The dstrbuton and sources o heavy metals n Izmt Bay surace sedments aected by a polluted stream[j]. Marne Polluton Bulletn, 2006, 52: [12] Pacco R, Adamo P, Cremsn C, et a1. A geochemcal analytcal approach or the evaluaton o heavy metal dstrbuton n lagoon sedments[j]. Journal o Marne Scences / Vol. 36, No. 3 /

6 Sols and Sedments, 2007, 7(5): [13],,,. [J]., 2009, 30(6): [14],,,. [J]., 2008, 29(4): [15],,,. [J]., 2007, 31(12): [16],,,. [J]., 2008, 24(3): [17],,,. [J]., 2008, 27(2): [18],,,. [J]., 2008, 27(1): [19],,,. [J]., 2009, 28(2): [20] Hakanson L. An ecologcal rsk ndex or aquatc polluton control: A sedment ecologcal approach[j]. Water Research, 1980, 14: [21].GB : [S]. :, 1999: 1-8. [22],,. [J]., 1994, 12(3): [23]. [J]., 1989, 6(6): [24],,,. [J]., 1985, 15(1): The dstrbuton and potental ecologcal rsk o heavy metals n surace sedments rom the shellsh culture areas o Zhangz Island TAN Zh-jun 1,2, ZHAI Yu-xu 1,2, YANG Fan 1,2, WANG Jun 1,2, NING Jn-song 1,2, ZHAO Yan-ang 1,2, SHANG De-rong 1,2 (1. Key Laboratory o Testng and Evaluaton or Aquatc Product Saety and Qualty, Mnstry o Agrculture, P. R. Chna; Yellow Sea Fsheres Research Insttute, Chnese Academy o Fshery Scences, Qngdao , Chna; 2. Natonal Center or Qualty Supervson and Test o Aquatc Products, Qngdao , Chna) Receved: Sep.,27,2010 Key words: shellsh culture; surace sedment; heavy metals; potental ecologcal rsk Abstract: The content and dstrbuton o heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn) n the surace sedment samples collected rom the shellsh culture area o Zhangz Island, were analysed. Ther potental ecologcal rsks were assessed wth the method presented by Lars Hakanson. The results showed that the contents o Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn were hgher n wnter and lower n summer, and the hghest content s 9.17±2.05, 0.06±0.014, 6.71±2.01 and 24.94±5.21 mg/kg respectvely, whch s ar lower than that n other areas and also the natonal crteron. Thereore, there was no potental economcal rsk o the heavy metals n ths area and the envronmental qualty o culture was very well. ( 本文编辑 : 康亦兼 ) 94 / 2012 / 36 / 3

Heavy Metals Distribution in Sediments and Potential Ecological Risk Assessment of Xiangxi River

Heavy Metals Distribution in Sediments and Potential Ecological Risk Assessment of Xiangxi River Conference on Envronmental Polluton and Publc Health Heavy Metals Dstrbuton n Sedments and Potental Ecologcal Rsk sessment of Xang Rver Jng Lng, Shaohua Peng, Defu Lu, Rupng L* Engneerng Research Center