3 2 Vol.3 No ChinaReviewofPoliticalEconomy Apr.2012 ( ) % 35% [1] ; 1 2 1a C A B : (L 2 ) (Q 2 ) 141

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1 : ;X ; ; ;

2 3 2 Vol.3 No ChinaReviewofPoliticalEconomy Apr.2012 ( ) % 35% [1] ; 1 2 1a C A B : (L 2 ) (Q 2 ) 141

3 : (L 1 ) (Q 1 ) 1b Q 1 ATC 1 ATC 2 2a L 2 Q 1 Q 2 2b X (HarveyLeibenstein1922~1994) 1966 X [2] X X X : X ( X ) [3](P135) X ; X 142

4 3 2 Vol.3 No ChinaReviewofPoliticalEconomy Apr.2012 : X X : ( ) ( ) X X X X X X X GNP 1% X 20%~40% 50% X [3] X [4] 3 X LRMC LRAC=LRMC C P C Q C Q m P m. ABC Q m 143

5 : Q C P map cb X ( LRAC C LRAC m ) EFDP cbc X X (AFD) (P maef) X 3 X X ( 60 ) X 20 70~ ~ X X : 144

6 3 2 Vol.3 No ChinaReviewofPoliticalEconomy Apr.2012 [1](P ) X X X X X (alienation) ; [5](P93-94) [5](P91) [5](P91) 145

7 : [5](P97-98) ; ; ; ; ; [5](P92-93) [6](P ) 300 [7] X : [8](P76) ; ( ) [9](P20) 146

8 3 2 Vol.3 No ChinaReviewofPoliticalEconomy Apr.2012 ; ; [10](P ) : [8](P76) X (organization) 147

9 : (monitoringcosts) ( ) ( ) ( ) : ; (agencycosts) ( ) ( ) (Armen AlbertAlchian1914~) (HaroldDem- setz1930~) : : (1) ; (2) ;(3) : ; 148

10 3 2 Vol.3 No ChinaReviewofPoliticalEconomy Apr.2012 : : ; 149

11 : % 70 18% % 90 : ( ) ; ( ) ; 150

12 3 2 Vol.3 No ChinaReviewofPoliticalEconomy Apr.2012 ( ) ( ) ( ) CEO 151

13 : 99% ( ) ; 152

14 3 2 Vol.3 No ChinaReviewofPoliticalEconomy Apr.2012 (Jensenand Meckling1996) : (1) ; (2) ; (3) ; MBO (JamesYunker) 153

15 : (PranabBardhan) 1% 99% (DavidSchweickart1942~) (JanPen) 1999~2000 : (6 ) 58 6 (40 44 ) CEO ( ) % 40%~45% 95% [11] 2001 (JosephStiglitz1943~) (VanityFair) 1% 1% 1% ( Ofthe1%Bythe1%Forthe1% governmentofthepeoplebythepeopleforthepeople 1% 99% ) : 1% 1/4 1% 40% : 1% : 99% 1% [12] CEO ( ) (Occupy WalStreet) 154

16 3 2 Vol.3 No ChinaReviewofPoliticalEconomy Apr.2012 X 1954 (ArnoldHarberger1924~) ( ) 0.1% 155

17 : X 20%~40% 50% X 0~80% X ; ; ; 156

18 3 2 Vol.3 No ChinaReviewofPoliticalEconomy Apr.2012 [1].X : [M]. : [2]LeibensteinHarvey.AlocativeEficiencyvs. X-Eficiency [J].TheAmericanEconomic ReviewVol.56No.3.(Jun1966). [3]. X : [J].. [M]. : [4]VanekJaroslav.CrisisandReform:Eastand West[M].IthacaNew York:DesktopPub- lished1985. [5] ( 42 )[M]. : [6]. : [M] [7]GoodmanPaulAkkinRobertand Associates.Absenteeism:New Approachesto Under- lishers1984. [8]. : [M]. : [9].. ( 3 )[M]. : [10]. 3 [M]. : [11]. [M]. : [12]StiglitzJoseph.Ofthe1%Bythe1%Forthe1% [J].VanityFairMarch MarketFailureorSystemFailure: OnNon-alocativeEficiencyofResourcesinsideFirms WuYuhuiTongXunzhou standingmeasuringand ManagingEmployeeAbsence[M].SanFranciscoLondon:Jossey-BassPub- Abstract:Non-alocativeeficiencymeanstheeficientproblemsduetoscarceresources consumptionintheprocessofproductionoffirmsandinparticularthelowproduc- 157

19 : tiveeficiencyexistinginternalenterprises.thiskindofloweficiencyhasnothingtodo withpriceandthemarketstructureanditisakindofloweficiencythatisnotaspart oftheeconomictheorywhichledtoahugewasteofscarceresourcesfarmorethan theloweficiencyandsocialwelfarenetlosscausedby marketfailure.butorthodox economistsremainclosetheireyes.principal-agentrelationshipandincompleteinforma- tionaswelasasymmetricinformationisonlythenecessaryconditionstoproducethe loweficiencyinsideenterprisesanditsbasicreasonshouldbefindtheanswersfrom themarxistpoliticaleconomy.onlypracticeradicalreformedtoexistingenterprisein- stitutioncancompletelysolvetheproblemsoflowproductiveeficiencyinsidefirms. Key words:non-alocative eficiency ofresources; X eficiency; monitoring costs; agencycosts Author(s): Wu YuhuiProfessorofSchoolof EconomicsJilin University;Tong XunzhouStudentofEconomicsDepartmentJilinUniversity. 158

中国地质大学（武汉）

中国地质大学（武汉）中国地质大学 ( 武汉 ) 2011 年本科教学质量报告 2012 年 10 月 30 日目录一本科教学基本情况...3 二师资与教学条件...4 2.1 加强师资队伍建设, 着力提高教师执教能力...4 2.2 优先保障教学投入, 稳步提高本科教学支出...5 2.3 改