98 Grus sp. 1 G G G Canis familiaris G G8 G G8-1 瑏瑦 2 G8-2 1 G G H776 1 H h5 2

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1 KEY WORDS Shaanxi Yangguanzhai site West gate of the settlement moat Miaodigou Culture Faunal remains ABSTRACT From 2008 to 2010, archaeologists found some faunal remains on both sides of the moat's west gate at the Yangguanzhai site, Gaoling County, Shaanxi Province. The faunal remains were collected based on the excavation unit and were carefully classified, measured and identified. The sorting and analysis of the remains indicate that there are at least 11 species, including the Unio douglasiae, chicken, crane, dog, domestic pig, roe, spotted deer, red deer, and cattle,etc. The existence of certain animals suggests a warmer and damper climate at the time than it is now. The chicken, the dog, the pig, and the cattle account for 88.89% of the total animal remains, and those of pigs are the largest in number. Except domestic animals, hunting wild animals also provided food source for the Yangguanzhai residents ~ G8 ~2 H776 Unionidae 11 6 G Gallus sp. 1 G G Unio douglasiae 1 G8-1 瑏瑦 1 G8-1 瑏瑦 1 2 3

2 98 Grus sp. 1 G G G Canis familiaris G G8 G G8-1 瑏瑦 2 G8-2 1 G G H776 1 H h Id m p1 m p2 m m1 m p1 P p2 P m m m2 m m m p2 - P

3 99 7 G8-1 瑏瑦 3 H776 2 H38 5 GLP LG BG SLC 瑏瑦 2 3 H776 1 G G m1 G H H G8-1 瑏瑦 1 2 H 瑏瑥瑏瑥 3 1 G G 瑏瑥 4 1 H G G H H H H H G H H Ⅱ Ⅲ1 1 1 G Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ Ⅳ Ⅴ G G G GL GLC Dp SD Bd G8-1 瑏瑦 2 6 G8-1 瑏瑦 3 H G G8-2 1 Ⅱ Ⅲ 11 8 Ⅰ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅱ G8-1 瑏瑦 4 G8-2 1 G8-2 1 h5 6 h5 7 GL Bd Ⅲ GL Bd H

4 100 G8-2 1 H H G8-2 1 GL SDO DPA G G8-2 1 G GL SD H G G8-2 H h LAR SH SB /3 G T9H S

5 G8-2 G H H34 1 H34 2 H34 3 H26 2 H220 1 ⅠT5 3B 2 T3H4 3 GLC Bp DC Bd G8-1 7 G8-2 G G G8-2 h5 8 h5 9 GL Bp SD Bd Dd G G8-2 1 Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 9 Ⅰ Ⅲ Ⅳ GL GB G8-2 Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ Ⅳ Ⅴ GL Bd Sus domestica Ⅲ 1 Ⅳ

6 102 m2 m m3 m2 Ⅲ 1 Ⅳ 2 Ⅴ 1 / 1 Ⅰ G8-2 H ~ ~ 2 14 m3 C V m2 m3 E 1 /2 1 /2 U 58

7 103 Ⅰ 0 ~ 4 a b c m4 M1 M2 M3 Ⅱ 4 ~ 6 d e Ⅲ 6 ~ 12 f g h j k a b c Ⅳ 12 ~ 18 d e Ⅴ 18 ~ 24 f g h Ⅵ 24 ~ 6 j k Ⅶ 36 ~ l m n a b c d e f g h j k a b c d e f g % % 2 ~ % 3 + % Ⅰ % Ⅱ % Ⅲ % Ⅳ % Ⅴ % Ⅵ % % 15 80% 9 ~ Hydropotes inermis % % 1 G G

8 104 MW N % N % N kg % % % % 20kg 50% 10kg % % % 70kg 70% 50kg % % % 15kg 50% 7. 5kg % % % 100kg 50% 50kg % % % 250kg 50% 125kg % % % 300kg 50% 150kg % % % 500kg 50% 250kg % % % 16 G H133 3 H133 4 H133 5 H130 4 H91 3 Bd G G U Bp Cerves nippon 1 G p3 - m1 1 G G G G G H G G G G / 37. 8/41. 5 G H G G p3 - m1 Bos sp. H V Cervus elaphus 1 G G G G8-1 瑏瑦 8 1 m1 H G

9 105 1 G G H G GLI DI Bd GLm Dm Bablus sp. 1 G8-2 2 G G % G G H

10 47 79% ~

11 Invertebrate Lamellibranchia Eulamellibranchia Unionidae Unio douglasiae Unionidae vertebrate Aves Gruiformes Gruidae Grus sp. Galliformes Phasianidae Gallus sp. Mammalia Carnivora Canidae Canis familiaris Artiodactyla Suidae Sus domestica Cervidae Hydropotes inermis Cervus nippon Cervus elaphus Bovidae Bos sp. Bablus sp N.. Unio douglasiae Unionidae C Gallus sp Grus sp Canis familiaris Sus domestica Hydropotes inermis 1 1 Cervus nippon 13 1 Cervus elaphus 1 1 Bos sp. 5 1 Bablus sp MNI / MNI 14 MNI / MNI 1. 5 MNI minimum number of individual 1. M C J C J C J M J M

78 32 93 [1] AF7:1 AF7:2 OxCal 3.10 Fig.1 Geographical position of the Yangjiesha archaeological site 2б3020BC~2890BC (95.4%) 2955±65 BC 879 493 386 [

78 32 93 [1] AF7:1 AF7:2 OxCal 3.10 Fig.1 Geographical position of the Yangjiesha archaeological site 2б3020BC~2890BC (95.4%) 2955±65 BC 879 493 386 [ 32 1 2013 2 ACTA ANTHROPOLOGICA SINICA Vol.32, No.1 February, 2013 1. 7100542. 7190003. 7121004 100044 2010 3 7 10 11 87.9% Q983 +.3 A 1000-3193(2013)01-077-16 1 1152m 5 1.9m 12km 1 2010 6 ~10 3 A 5m 5m

98 Grus sp. 1 G G G Canis familiaris G G8 G G8-1 瑏 瑦 2 G8-2 1 G G H776 1 H h5 2

98 Grus sp. 1 G G G Canis familiaris G G8 G G8-1 瑏瑦 2 G8-2 1 G G H776 1 H h5 2