Abstract Drawing upon theoretical insights from international relations and diaspora studies and focusing on the agency of identity-based interests th

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1 Abstract Drawing upon theoretical insights from international relations and diaspora studies and focusing on the agency of identity-based interests this essay examines the Chinese diaspora s role or the lack of it in China s diplomacy since 1949 and attempts to conceptualize the Chinese experience in a global and historical perspective. Employing a wide range of primary data including archives and personal interviews this essay argues that historicity and the state have played a significant part in shaping the interactions between diaspora and diplomacy. The Chinese state s resilient capacity in domesticating potential diplomatic problems with respect to diaspora and transforming them into a series of policy initiatives in facilitating diasporic participation in China s socio -economic and political processes has opened up new venues for the Chinese overseas to be involved in China s diplomacy. Keywords Diasporic Chinese international relations identity new migrants rising China 79

2 2010/ Chinese Diaspora Diaspora Option historicity 1950 ~ 1965 Diaspora / Yosef Lapid Myron Weiner actions and inactions 80

3 Yossi Shain Aharon Barth permeability Chris Ogden constructivism 81

4 2010/08 Thomas Christensen Alastair Johnston Robert Ross permeability 輥輯訛 Stephane Dufoix 輥輰訛輥輱訛輥輲訛 Stephen Fitzgerald 1949 ~ 1970 輥輳訛 Peter Koehn 輥輴訛 82

5 1979 ~ % 70% 輥輵訛 Diaspora Option 輥輶訛輥輷訛 1949 ~ 1965 輦輮訛 19 totoks peranakan 輦輯訛 % 140 輦輰訛 William Skinner 50 80% 83

6 2010/08 80% 輦輱訛 1950 ~ 輦輲訛輦輳訛 1957 輦輴訛輦輵訛輦輶訛 1959 ~ 84

7 輦輷訛輧輮訛輧輯訛 20 Shain Barth 50 / / 輧輰訛輧輱訛 2009 輧輲訛

8 2010/ 輧輳訛 % 29% 34% 輧輴訛 % % 37.9% 10 輧輵訛 1999 輧輶訛 % 輧輷訛輨輮訛

9 / 輨輯訛

10 2010/08 15% 28% 64% 輨輰訛輨輱訛 2006 輨輲訛 % % 75% 56% 輨輳訛

11 輨輴訛 David Kang 輨輵訛 ~ 1965 Thomas Christensen Alastair Iain Johnston and Robert S. Ross Conclusions and Future Direc - tions in Alastair Iain Johnston and Robert S. Ross eds. New Directions in the Study of China s Foreign Policy Stanford Stanford University Press 2006 pp

12 2010/08 Wang Jisi International Relations Theory and the Study of Chinese Foreign Policy A Chinese Perspective in Thomas W. Robinson and David Shambaugh eds. Chinese Foreign Policy Theory and Practice Oxford Clarendon Press 2006 pp Ren Xiao Toward a Chinese School of International Relations in Wang Gungwu and Zheng Yongnian eds. China and the New International Order London Routledge 2008 pp Daniel Lynch Chinese Thinking on the Future of International Relations Realism as the Ti Rationalism as the Yong The China Quarterly No pp ~ Douglas Massey et al Theories of International Migration A Review and Appraisal Population and Development Review Vol. 19 No pp Stéphane Dufoix Diasporas Berkeley University of California Press 2008 p. 30. Yosef Lapid Culture s Ship Returns and Departures in International Relations Theory in Yosef Lapid and Friedrich Kratochwil eds. The Return of Culture and Identity in IR Theory Boulder CO Lynne Rienner 1996 pp Myron Weiner On International Migration and International Relations Population and Development Review Vol. 11 No pp at 450. Myron Weiner Security Stability and International Migration International Security Vol. 17 No /1993 pp at p. 94. Fiona Adamson and Madeleine Demetriou Remapping the Boundaries of State and National I- dentity Incorporating Diasporas into IR Theorizing European Journal of International Relations Vol. 13 No pp Yossi Shain and Aharon Barth Diasporas and International Relations Theory International Organization Vol. 57 Summer 2003 pp Chris Ogden Diaspora Meets IR s Constructivism An Appraisal Politics Vol. 28 No pp Christensen Johnston and Ross Conclusions and Future Directions p 輥輯訛 Wang Jisi International Relations Theory and the Study of Chinese Foreign Policy. 輥輰訛 Dufoix Diasporas p. 60. 輥輱訛 ~ 27 Tan Chee-Beng and Ann S. Chiu Teaching and Documentation of Chinese Overseas Studies in Tan Chee-Beng Colin Storey Julia Zimmerman eds. Chinese Overseas Migration Research and Documentation Hong Kong Chinese University Press 2007 pp 輥輲訛 Wang Gungwu Political Chinese An Aspect of Their Contribution to Modern Southeast Asian History in Bernard Grossman ed. Southeast Asia in Modern World Wiesbaden Otto Harrassowitz 90

13 1972 pp Wang Gungwu Greater China and the Chinese Overseas The China Quarterly No pp 輥輳訛 Stephen Fitzgerald China and the Overseas Chinese A Study of Peking s Changing Policy Cambridge Cambridge University Press 輥輴訛 Peter H. Koehn and Xiao-huang Yin eds. The Expanding Roles of Chinese Americans in U.S.-China Relations Transnational Networks and Trans-Pacific Interactions Armonk N.Y. M. E. Sharpe 2002 Lucie Cheng Chinese Americans in the Formation of the Pacific Regional Economy in Evelyn Hu-DeHart ed. Across the Pacific Asian Americans and Globalization New York Asia Society Philadelphia Temple University Press 1999 pp Cheng Li ed. Bridging Minds across the Pacific U.S. -China Educational Exchanges Lanham Maryland Lexington Books 輥輵訛 David C. Kang China Rising Peace Power and Order in East Asia New York Columbia University Press 2007 pp ~ 59 輥輶訛 Jean-Baptiste Meyer Network Approach versus Brain Drain Lessons from the Diaspora International Migration Vol. 39 No pp Sami Mahroum Cynthia Eldridge and Abdullah S. Daar Transnational Diaspora Options How Developing Countries Could Benefit from their Emigrant Populations International Journal on Multicultural Societies Vol. 8 No pp Annalee Saxenian The New Argonauts Regional Advantage in a Global Economy Cambridge Harvard University Press 2006 輥輷訛 Shain Barth Diasporas and International Relations Theory Manik Varun Suri ed. Democracy Diplomacy and Diaspora Indian Americans and Indo -US Relations Cambridge Harvard University Press 2005 Asaf Hussain The Indian Diaspora in Britain Political Interventionism and Diaspora Activism Asian Affairs an American Review Vol. 32 No pp Robert Owen Freedman ed. Contemporary Israel Domestic Politics Foreign Policy and Security Challenges Boulder Westview Press 2008 輦輮訛 Hong Liu The Historicity of China s Soft Power The PRC and the Cultural Politics of Indonesia in Yangwen Zheng Hong Liu and Michael Szonyi eds. The Cold War in Asia The Battle for Hearts and Minds Boston Brill USA 2010 pp 輦輯訛 J. A. C. Mackie and Charles A. Coppel A Preliminary Survey in J. A. C. Mackie ed. The Chinese in Indonesia Five Essays in Honolulu University Press of Hawaii 1976 p. 5. 輦輰訛 ~ 31 輦輱訛 William Skinner Communism and Chinese Culture in Indonesia The Political Dynamics of Overseas Chinese Youth Unpublished manuscript deposited at the Kroch Library Cornell University 1962 pp 輦輲訛 Hong Liu China and the Shaping of Indonesia Singapore and 91

14 2010/08 Kyoto National University of Singapore Press and Kyoto University Press 2010 輦輳訛 ~ 253 Fitzgerald China and the Overseas Chinese p. 83 輦輴訛 ~ 17 輦輵訛 Fitzgerald China and the Overseas Chinese pp 輦輶訛輦輷訛 Fitzgerald China and the Overseas Chinese pp Benny G. Setiono Tionghoa dalam Pusaran Politik The Chinese in the Political Vortex Jakarta Elkasa 2003 pp 輧輮訛 ~ 輧輯訛輧輰訛 1957 輧輱訛輧輲訛輧輳訛 / ~ ~ 176 輧輴訛輧輵訛輧輶訛 2005 輧輷訛 North Chinese Community of Canada 2001 http // 輨輮訛 2005 ~ 2009 http // cache.tianya.cn/publicforum/content/outseachina/1/19070.shtml 輨輯訛

15 輨輰訛 Cheng Li China s Fifth Generation Is Diversity a Source of Strength or Weakness Asia Policy No pp 輨輱訛 Wang Gungwu China Rises Again Yale Global Online 25 th March 輨輲訛 Kang China Rising p. 136 Joshua Kurlantzick Charm Offensive How China s Soft Power Is Transforming the World New Haven Yale University Press 2007 pp 輨輳訛 Committee of 100 Still The Other Public Attitudes toward Chinese and Asian Americans New York Committee of 輨輴訛 ~ 55 輨輵訛 Kang China Rising p

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