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1 土壤 (Soils), 2018, 50(4): DOI: /j.cnki.tr 银杏外种皮对生菜生长及生理特性的影响 * ( ) 5 ( g/ ) 90 g/ (SOD)(CAT)(POD) (MDA) Pn CO 2 Ci Tr Gs Q945.7 S636.2 A (Allelopathy) [1] Molish [2] 1937 Rice [3-4] (Ginkgo biloba L.) [5] [6-7] [5] [9-10] [11] [12-13] [14] [15] [6] [16-17] ~ 0.5 cm (Romaine Lettuce) cm 20 cm( ) * ( @qq.com) (1992 ) @ qq.com

2 4 733 ( ph g/kg g/kg g/kg5.808 g/kg mg/kg mg/kg) [16] g/ 5 1 cm 4 kg 7 d 20 (10 / ) 0.5 cm d d (SOD) [19] (POD) [20] (CAT) [21] (MDA) [22] [23] G250 [20] [24] Li Excel 2010 SPSS 20.0 (One-way ANOVA) Duncan Williamson RI= 1 C/T( T C ) RI =T/C 1( T<C ) [25] C T RI (RI 0 RI<0 ) g/ 90 g/ 30 g/ 21.34% (P<0.05) (P< 0.05) 90 g/ 25.58% 15 g/ g/ 90 g/ 33.56% (P<0.05) 表 1 银杏外种皮对生菜根长株高茎粗及生物量的影响 Table 1 Effects of Ginkgo biloba excoarp on root length, height, stem diameter and biomass of lettuce (g/ ) (cm) (cm) (cm) (g/ ) ± 3.88 b 12.9 ± 0.61 a 0.98 ± 0.05 a 27.8 ± 3.35 ab ± 2.03 ab ± 0.59 b ± 0.04 a ± 3.87 a ± 0.71 a ± 0.53 c ± 0.04 a ± 3.3 ab ± 0.6 b ± 0.49 d ± 0.02 a ± 3.41 b ± 1.82 b ± 0.44 e ± 0.02 a ± 2.69 c ± P<0.05

734 50 2.2 2 (P<0.05) 90 g/ a b 55.12% 53.67% 54.80% 62.40% 表 2 银杏外种皮对生菜光合色素含量的影响 Table 2 Effects of Ginkgo biloba excoarp on photosynthetic pigmen contents in lettuce (g/ ) a b 0 0.938 ± 0.046 a 0.

3 (P<0.05) 90 g/ a b 55.12% 53.67% 54.80% 62.40% 表 2 银杏外种皮对生菜光合色素含量的影响 Table 2 Effects of Ginkgo biloba excoarp on photosynthetic pigmen contents in lettuce (g/ ) a b ± a ± a ± a ± a ± b ± b ± b ± b ± b ± b ± b ± b ± c ± c ± c ± c ± d ± d ± d ± d (SOD)(POD) (CAT)(MDA) SOD (P<0.05) 60 g/ SOD % POD 90 g/ (P<0.05) 30 g/ 55.26% CAT SOD (P<0.05) CAT 30 g/ % g/ ( P<0.05 ) 图 1 银杏外种皮对生菜叶片内 3 种抗氧化酶活性以及 MDA 含量的影响 Fig. 1 Effects of Ginkgo biloba exocrap on antioxidant enzyme activities and MDA contents in lettuce

4 735 图 2 银杏外种皮对生菜叶片内游离脯氨酸含量及可溶性蛋白含量的影响 Fig. 2 Effects of Ginkgo biloba exocrap on contents of free proline and soluble protein in lettuce 117.87% (P<0.05) 90 g/ 30 g/ 56.91% (P<0.05) 2.

4 4 735 图 2 银杏外种皮对生菜叶片内游离脯氨酸含量及可溶性蛋白含量的影响 Fig. 2 Effects of Ginkgo biloba exocrap on contents of free proline and soluble protein in lettuce % (P<0.05) 90 g/ 30 g/ 56.91% (P<0.05) 2.5 (Pn) (Gs) CO 2 (Ci) (Tr) 3 Pn (P<0.05) g/ 19.83% 9.25% g/ 51.95% 57.61% Pn Gs g/ (P<0.05) Ci (P<0.05) 15 g/ 8.21% 90 g/ 9.93% Tr 30 g/ (P<0.05) 15 g/ 16.13% 90 g/ 21.51% (g/ ) 表 3 银杏外种皮对生菜光合速率和气体交换参数的影响 Table 3 Effects of Ginkgo biloba exocrap on photosynthetic rates and gas exchange parameters of lettuce Pn Gs CO 2 Ci Tr (CO 2, μmol/(m 2 s) ) (H 2 O, mol/(m 2 s)) (CO 2, mmol/(m 2 s)) ((H 2 O, mol/(m 2 s)) ± 0.14 c 0.55 ± 0.07 ab ± 4.21 c 4.92 ± 0.12 b ± 0.68 a ± 0.04 b ± 1.88 a ± 0.07 a ± 0.59 b ± 0.02 bc ± b ± 0.18 b ± 0.46 d ± 0.15 c ± 8.07 d ± 1.12 c ± 0.61 e ± 0.11 c ± 4.74 d ± 0.20 c [26] [26] [28] CO 2

5 ( a b) ( ) [20] [29] MDA SOD SOD [30-31] MDA MDA [32] SOD POD CAT 90 g/ MDA [33] [34] [35] [36] 4 90 g/ [1],. [J]., 2001, 12(5): [2] Molisch H. Einfluss einer pflanze auf die andere, allelopathie[j]. Nature, 1938, 141 (3568): 493 [3] Rice E L. Allelopathy[M]. New York: Academic Press, 1974 [4] Rice E L. Allelopathy (2 Ed.)[M]. New York: Academic Press, 1983 [5],,,. [J]., 2015, 47(1): [6],,. [J]., 2000, 18(6): [7]. [D]. :, 2005 [8],,,. [J]., 2004, 29(2): [9],,,. [J]., 2001, 20(5): [10],,. [J]., 2014, 45(2): [11],,. [J]., 2008, 22(2): 6 8 [12] Itokawa H, Totsuka N, Nakahara K, et al. Antitumor principles from Ginkgo biloba L.[J]. Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 1987, 35(7): [13],,,. S180 [J]., 2014, 23(13): [14] Nomura M, Tada T, Henmi A, et al. Synthesis of 6-(8Z,11Z)-8,11,14-Pentadecatrienyl) salicylic acid derivatives and their inhibition properties toward tyrosinase or hyaluronidase[j]. Nippon Kagaku Zassi, 1995, 19(12): [15],,. [J]., 2012, 32(5): 7 10

6 4 737 [16],,,. [J]., 2015, 47(3): [17],,. [J]., 2016, 53(2): [18],,. [J]., 2014, 34(12): [19] Giannopolitis C N, Ries S K. Superoxide dismutases: I. Occurrence in higher plants[j]. Plant Physiology, 1977, 59(2): 309 [20]. [M]. :, 2003 [21],,. [M]. :, 2002: [22]. [M]. :, 2009 [23],. [J]. ( ), 2005, 33(4): [24]. [J].,1986(03): [25] Bruce W G, Richardson D. Bioassays for allelopathy: Measuring treatment responses with independent controls.[j]. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 1988, 14(1):181 [26],,. [J]., 2016, 53(5): [27]. [D]. :, 2013 [28],,,. [J]., 2014, 41(3): [29],,,. [J]., 2012, 23(1): 1 8 [30]. [M]. :, 2012 [31],,,. (SOD) [J]., 2013(5): [32],,,. [J]., 2013, 26(1): [33],,,. [J]., 2014, 34(4): [34],,,. [J]., 2014, 34(23): [35],,,. [J]., 2011, 22(3): [36],,,. [J]., 2010, 21(6): Effects of Ginkgo Biloba Exocarp on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Lettuce LIN Renheng 1, HUANG Haitao 2, LI Huanxiu 1, JIANG Jianye 3, JIANG Wei 4, TANG Yi 1* (1 Fruit and Vegetable Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu , China; 2 Mianyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Mianyang, Sichuan , China; 3 Jintang County Rural Development and Forestry Bureau, Chengdu , China; 4 College of Chemistry and Life Science, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu , China) Abstract: Ginkgo biloba exocarp may have allelopathy on lettuce, a pot experiment was conducted with 5 grades of exocarp application (0, 15, 30, 60 and 90 g/pot) in order to study of the effects of Ginkgo biloba exocarp on lettuce growth, antioxidant system, contents of osmotic adjustment substances and photosynthetic system. The results showed that with the increase of lettuce exocarp application, fresh weights of lettuce root length and shoot increased firstly and then decreased, while plant height and stem diameter decreased, and the above lettuce indexes reached the minimum values under 90 g/pot treatment; with the increase of exocarp application, the contents of photosynthetic pigments were decreased significantly compared with the contrast, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activity as well as the contents of free proline and soluble protein increased first and then decreased, but malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased insignificantly in lettuce; and with the increase of exocarp application, net photosynthetic rate Pn, intercellular carbon dioxide Ci and transpiration rate of Tr increased first and then decreased, stomatal conductance Gs is dwindling in lettuce. In summary, Ginkgo biloba exocarp has obvious allelopathic effects on lettuce, inhibiting lettuce growth, physiological characteristics and photosynthetic indexes, the inhibition is strengthened with the increase of exocarp application. Key words: Ginkgo biloba exocarp; Allelopathic effect; Lettuce; Physiological property; Photosynthetic characteristics

Untitiled

Untitiled 中国农学通报 2009,25(11):117-122 Chinese gricultural Science Bulletin 钙处理对枇杷果实采后生理特性的研究郑国华 ( 福建农林大学园艺学院, 福州 350002) 摘要 : 适当的钙处理可明显减缓枇杷果实的采后生理活力试验结果