2 : 203, [4-7],,,,, [8],,,,,,,, ;, ;, 1, [9-12],,, [13] :, [14] Cosby Buffington,, / [15],,, [16],,,, : 1, ; 2, ; 3,,,, (Transit Oriented Development,

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "2 : 203, [4-7],,,,, [8],,,,,,,, ;, ;, 1, [9-12],,, [13] :, [14] Cosby Buffington,, / [15],,, [16],,,, : 1, ; 2, ; 3,,,, (Transit Oriented Development,"

伐反都
7 years ago
Views:

1 ACTA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA Vol.65 No.2 Feb., , 2, 1 1,, 2, 3 (1., ; 2., ; 3., ) :,,,,,, 10% 35% 44%,,,, : ; ; ;,,,,, [1] 20 80, 0.8% [2], http: // %, 8.3 ~8.7, : , 7.2 hm 2, 5.62 hm 2, hm 2, ( ) hm 2, 7.8%, GDP /km 2, ; 2,, [3] ; 3 cn/dispbbs.asp?boardid=41&id=430930, 2007, 40%, ( ),, ;, ; (KZCX2-YW-321) [Foundation: Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.KZCX2-YW-321] (1980-),,, [email protected] [email protected]

2 2 : 203, [4-7],,,,, [8],,,,,,,, ;, ;, 1, [9-12],,, [13] :, [14] Cosby Buffington,, / [15],,, [16],,,, : 1, ; 2, ; 3,,,, (Transit Oriented Development, TOD),,,,, Alain Bertaud,, : 1, ; [17] 2,,, : 1, ; 2, ; 3,,, [18-21],

3 204 65, Alain Bertaud, /, /! "#$% [17],, 3 & ArcGIS () * 5678/09:"0; 2 1, / / : 1 0 ()+, 1 ()+, 2 ()+, , -. +,,, 1 Fig. 1 Floor area rate planning flow guide by railway traffic, ; 2,,,,, ( 1): 1, ; 2, ArcGIS, ; 3,, ; 4, 3 ; 5,, 2 1 Tab. 1 The number of railway traffic station in different area in Tianjin, 371 km, 1 ( ) 1 ~2 ( ) 2 ~3 ( ) ( ) 420, ,, ,, (1, 1 2, 2 3 ),, 9, 149, 25 ( 1)

2 : 205 2.1, 10 600 m,, 200 m,, [18],, 200 m, 200-600 m 2.2, ArcGIS 2 149 ( 2) Fig. 2 Planning map of subway in center areas of Tianjin 200 m, ; 600 m, 200~600 m ( 3) 168.

4 2 : , m,, 200 m,, [18],, 200 m, m 2.2, ArcGIS ( 2) Fig. 2 Planning map of subway in center areas of Tianjin 200 m, ; 600 m, 200~600 m ( 3) km 2, 45.4% 18.7 km 2, km 2 2.3, ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1 : P =S T *FAR/S p (1) : P ( ), S T ( ), 3 FAR ( Fig.3 The bound of planning area in center areas of Tianjin ), S P ( ),

5 [19], 25% ( ) X, 2 : AX + B(1 + 25%)X + C(1 + 25%) 2 X = D (2) A + B + C : A, B, C, D ( ),,, x, 3: ax + B( %)x = C (3) a + b : a, b, c ( ) 2.4 : , m 2, 30 m 2, 6-10 m 2, 80% 15 m 2, 15 m 2, ; %(2005, ) % 376 ; %( 2006 ) % 282 ; % ( 2004 ) 213 ( 2), 1 2, 3, 3 ( 3, 4, 5), ArcScene, ( 4) 4,,, 2.5, 2008, 6.5, 7.4,,, 55%

2 : 207 ~60% 2 Tab. 2 Resident population and workers in different floor area rate projects 60%, 3 ( ) 470 376 282 3.4 2.7 2 ( ) 499 444 213, 3 ( ), Tab.

6 2 : 207 ~60% 2 Tab. 2 Resident population and workers in different floor area rate projects 60%, 3 ( ) ( ) , 3 ( ), Tab. 3 Floor area rate in different areas, in different stations, and in different function areas in Tianjin (high project) 30%, , 7, 4 ( ) Tab. 4 Floor area rate in different areas, in different stations, and in different, function areas in Tianjin (middle project) : ,, ,, 5 ( ) Tab. 5 Floor area rate in different areas, in different stations, and in different function areas in Tianjin (low project),, % , %,, a. b. c. 4 Fig. 4 Solid effect map of planning projects under three floor area rates

208 65 3,,, 5,, : 1 ; 2 6 1 CBD, :,,,,,, 10 5, Fig.

area of Tianjin 0.9, 1.5, 5 3.1 7, 1.5 0.9, : 6 Fig.

7 ,,, 5,, : 1 ; CBD, :,,,,,, 10 5, Fig. 5 Floor area rate planning and subway line in center area of Tianjin 0.9, 1.5, , , : 6 Fig. 6 Particular planning map of a land in center area,

2 : 209 a. b. : 371 km 2 : 470 : 168.4 km 2 : 376 : 444 7 Fig. 7 Comparison of solid effect between existing floor area rate project and project commended in this paper 6 Tab.

8 2 : 209 a. b. : 371 km 2 : 470 : km 2 : 376 : Fig. 7 Comparison of solid effect between existing floor area rate project and project commended in this paper 6 Tab. 6 Existing planning project compared with middle floor area rate planning project (kmá) (%) ( ) 2020 (%) ( ) [17, 22] 3.2, km 2, 376, 444, 45.4%, %, 444 ( 6),,,, 371 km 2, 470,, 25%, 120%,,, 3.3, (4)! P c * S + P V s * S c V "- P c1 * S + P s V s1 * S c V s R=! " P c * S V c + P s * S V s *100% (4) : R, P c, P c1, P s, P s1, S, V c, V s

9 %, 5 12, 2020, 60, , % % , :,, 2020,, %, 94 ; % ( );, , 38%; % 20 km/h, 35 km/h, (5), 10% 3.4, (5), R = (P *E + P *E ) - (P *E + P *E ) 0c c 0s s 1c c 1s s *100% (5) P 0c *E c + P 0s *E s : R ( ), P 0c, P 0s, P 1c, P 1s, E c ( ), E s ( ),, , %; %, , [23] 38%; %,,, 438:51; 190:7 5, 35%, 44% 4,,,, :, ;, ArcGIS, ;,, ;

10 2 : 211, ;,,,,, 10% 35% 44%,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, (References) [1] Zhang Jingxiang. The History Outline of West Urban Planning. Nanjing: Southeast University Press, [.. :, 2005.] [2] Zhou Yixing. Thoughts on the speed of China's urbanization. City Planning Review, 2006, 30(suppl.): [.., 2006, 30( ): ] [3] Wang Ying. Analysis on cause and countermeasure of traffic jam in China's city. China Economist, 2008, (9): [.., 2008, (9): ] [4] Li Wei. An alternative method to predict the city land development. City Planning Review, 2004, 28(3): [. :., 2004, 28(3): ] [5] Liu Yiyun, Yan Xiaopei. Considerations on urban master planning during the transitional period. City Planning Review, 2004, 28(11): [,.., 2004, 28(11): ] [6] He Qiangwei, Su Zemin, Zhou Lan. Consideration and suggestion on China's plan making system. Urban Planning Forum, 2005, (4): [,,.., 2005, (4): ] [7] Tian Li. Regulatory detailed planning in China: Dilemma and solution. City Planning Review, 2007, 31(1): [. :., 2007, 31(1): ] [8] Ding Chengri. Spatial structure and city competitiveness. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2004, 59(suppl.): [.., 2004, 59( ): ] [9] Xu Yongjian, Yan Xiaopei. The study to the relationship between the urban transport system and land use in the western countries. City Planning Review, 1999, 23(11): [,.., 1999, 23(11): ] [10] Liu Dengqing, Zhang Aling, Wu Zongxin. Urban land use and the sustainable development of urban transport. China Population, Resources and Environment, 1999, (4): [,,..., 1999, (4): ] [11] Li Yong. A study on the relationship between urban transportation system and urban land use structure. Tropical Geography, 1998, 18(4): [.., 1998, 18(4): ] [12] Cao Xiaoshu, Yang Fan, Yan Xiaopei. Study on transport and land-use of Guangzhou. Economic Geography, 2000, 20 (3): [,,.., 2000, 20(3): ] [13] Adams Residential J S. Structure of Modern Cities. Annals of association of American Geographers. Vol. 60//Hanson (1995). The Geography of Urban Transportation, [14] Hou Min, Zhu Rongfu. A study of the influence of traffic in Beijing on urban morphology. Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping, 2007, (12): [,.., 2007, (12): ] [15] Cosby P J, Buffington J L. Land Use Impact of Widening State Highway 30 in an Undeveloped Area in College

11 Station, Texas, Research Report 225-3, Texas Transportation Institute, Texas A&M University, College, TX [16] Mao Jiangxing, Yan Xiaopei. Impacts of urban transport system on urban land use: Case study of Guangzhou City. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2005, 25(3): [,. :., 2005, 25(3): ] [17] Alain Bertaud, Douglas Webster, Cai Jianming. The Fragmented City: Issues in Urban Land Use in China. The Word Bank Report, [18] Bian Jingwei. Space Development and Railway Traffic in Big Cities. Beijing: China Building Industry Press, [.. :, 2006.] [19] Chen Weiguo. The discussion of rational exploitation strength in the plot around the metro station: Starting with the detailed plan of rail transport in second phase in Shenzhen. Modern Urban Research, 2006, (8): [.., 2006, (8): ] [20] Bian Jingwei. A study on the urban rail traffic and land controlled planning. Planners, 2005, 21(2): [.., 2005, 21(2): ] [21] Zhang Xizhou, Zhang Xiaoliang. The analysis and countermeasures of realty exploitation under TOD. Economic Geography, 2006, 26(suppl.1): [,. TOD., 2006, 26 ( 1): ] [22] Ding Chengri. Urban Spatial Planning: Theory, Method and Practice. Beijing: Higher Education Press, [. :. :, 2007.] [23] Mao Jiangxing, Yan Xiaopei. The choice of sustainable transport pattern based on the mutual mechanism between urban land using pattern and transport pattern: A case study of Guangzhou. Human Geography, 2005, 20(3): [,. :., 2005, 20(3): Research on Floor Area Rate Planning Guide of Railway Traffic QU Tao 1, 2, CAI Jianming 1, ZHANG Liqian 1, 2, ZHENG Bin 3 (1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing , China; 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing , China; 3. China Tourism Academy, Beijing , China) Abstract: Coupled with rapidly elevation of urbanization, the use efficiency of urban land is low in development in China's city, the traffic jam increasingly extrude, and the environment pollution is strictness. But because of the disjoint between the urban land use planning and the urban traffic planning, the existing urban planning method is not effective on resolve the problem faced by city. This paper construct new method of Floor Area Rate Planning guide by Railway Traffic based on analysis of land use influence on urban traffic. Take Tianjin as an example, penmen carry through demonstration analysis on this method. Compared with existing Floor Area Rate Planning project, the new project in this paper not only can enhance the hold amount of public traffic and figure better urban sight, but also can save 10% traffic time, reduce 35% energy consume and 44% contamination, and stay much land used to greenbelt and park and other public land, make the city environment better to live. Therefore, this new method not only remedy the lack of our existing urban planning method, but also can solve the problem faced by our urban development. Key words: railway traffic; floor area rate; planning; Tianjin

92

* ** ** 9 92 % 80.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 0.0 0.0 % 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 0.0 0.0 990 2000 200 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 200 978 979 980 98 982 983 984 985 986 987 988 989 990