1
2
(,1997) 21 29 3
4
5
6
7
1% 5% 1% 5% 13% ( ) 4% 3% 1% 15% 21% 8% 23% 1996 ~ 1998 8
9
d dt [ f ( B) ] = g( B) S S = 0 10
11
12
13
1. => roller => 2. => roller S => ( 14
( Down flow ) ( Surface roller wave ) ( Horseshoe vortex ) 15
16
17
18
V ( Bed Load ) S g( B) Vortex Field 19
20
21
w t j = 1 ρ P x i u j u x i i + ν x 2 i u i x i 22
U j w x j i + w t i = w j S ij + ν x 2 i w i x i 23
24
25
W i t Y lim it = ' K y 1 w w 1 2 0. 637 K 26
(a) (b) (c) 27
(d) ( ) (e) (f) 28
(a) (b) (c) 29
(d) (e) 30
(a) (b) (Vortex ) (c) 31
(d) (e) 32
33
34
(a) (b) (c) 35
h jump h 2 h V 1 1 V 2 36
(a) (b) (c) 37
(d) (e) 38
39
40
41
42
0.05 C.F.S. 0.10 C.F.S. 0.15 C.F.S. -0.0060-0.0075-0.0090 43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
1 W1 V 2 V2 W Specific head 51
52
H 0 const. y>y c y y<y c q q max q 53
V 2 2g y n M 1 V V 2 2g y c y 1 y n y n y c mild slope 54
= 777 m = = = Q 12980 = max = 729.5 q max = 2 17.793 cms m 2.5 m 777 47.5 = 2 q 17.793 316.591 max y 3 3 3 3 c = = = = 32.305 = 3. 185 g 9.8 9.8 m = 19 729.5 Q max 12980 q max = = = 16. 705 777 cms m m 2 q max 16.705 y 3 3 3 c = = = 28.475 = 3. 05 g 9.8 2 m ( ) = 9.50 m 3 Ho min = yc = 4. 575 2 m 3 H o min = yc = 2 = H o = 4.72 m min y =3. 1 82 m 4.78 m ( ) 55
= 800.48 m = = = Q max 13340 17.799 cms max = = = 749.48 q 1.7 m 800.48 51 = 2 q 2 17.799 316.805 max y 3 3 3 3 c = = = = 32.327 = 3. 186 g 9.8 9.8 m = 30 m 749.48 Q max 13340 q max = = = 16. 665 800.48 cms m m 2 q 16.665 y 3 max 3 3 c = = = 28.339 = 3. 05 g 9.8 2 m ( ) = 6.93 m 3 Ho min = yc = 4. 575 2 m 3 Ho min = yc = 4. 779 2 = H o = 2.151 m min y = 3. 1 92 m m ( ) 56
= 948 m = = = 948 120 = Q max 13840 16.71 cms Q max max = = = = = 828 m q 5 m = 24 828 13840 q max = 14. 6 948 2 q 2 16.71 max 279.2 y 3 3 3 3 c = = = = 28.49 = 3. 05 g 9.8 9.8 m m cms m 2 q max 14.6 y 3 3 3 c = = = 21.75 = 2. 79 g 9.8 2 m ( ) = 7.1 m 3 Ho min = yc = 4. 185 m 2 3 Ho min = yc = 4. 575 2 y = 1 4. 1 m m H o 2. 525 = min = m 57
58
59
爲 爲 60
爲 爲 61
62
63
64
65