2013 2 PETROLEUM EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT Vol.40 No.1 79 文章编号 :1000-0747(2013)01-0079-11 苏里格大型致密砂岩气田开发井型井网技术 何东博, 贾爱林, 冀光, 位云生, 唐海发 ( 中国石油勘探开发研究院 ) 基金项目 : 国家科技重大专项 大型油气田及煤层气开发 (2011ZX05015) 摘要 : 苏里格气田是中国致密砂岩气田的典型代表, 井型井网技术是其提高单井控制储量和采收率 实现气田规模有效开发的关键技术 针对苏里格气田大面积 低丰度 强非均质性的特征, 形成了大型复合砂体分级构型描述与优化布井技术 井型井网优化技术 水平井优化设计技术和不同类型井产能评价技术, 为苏里格气田产能建设 Ⅰ+ Ⅰ 类井比例达到 75%~80% 预期采收率提高到 35% 以上以及水平井的规模化应用发挥了重要的技术支撑作用 为进一步提高苏里格气田单井产量和采收率, 应继续开展低效井侧钻 多分支水平井 多井底定向井等不同井型, 以及水平井井网 多井型组合井网的探索和开发试验 图 7 表 3 参 20 关键词 : 苏里格气田 ; 致密砂岩气田 ; 井型 ; 井网 ; 分级构型 ; 水平井 ; 单井控制储量 ; 采收率中图分类号 :TE32 文献标识码 :A Well type and pattern optimization technology for large scale tight sand gas, Sulige gas field He Dongbo, Jia Ailin, Ji Guang, Wei Yunsheng, Tang Haifa (PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, Beijing 100083, China) Abstract: Sulige gas field is a typical tight sand gas field in China. Well type and pattern optimization is the key technology to improve single well estimated reserves and recovery factor and to achieve effective field development. In view of the large area, low abundance and high heterogeneity of Sulige gas field, a series of techniques have been developed including hierarchical description for the reservoir architecture of large composite sand bodies and well spacing optimization, well pattern optimization, design and optimization for horizontal trajectory and deliverability evaluation for different types of gas wells. These technologies provide most important technical supports for the increases of class I and II wells proportion to 75% 80% with recovery factor enhanced by more than 35% and for the industrial application of horizontal drilling. To further improve individual well production and recovery factor, attempts and pilot tests in various well types including side tracking of deficient wells, multilateral horizontal wells, and directional wells, and horizontal well pattern and combined well pattern of various well types should be carried out throughout the development. Key words: 版 Sulige gas field; tight sand 权 gas field; well type; well pattern; 所 hierarchical description; 有 horizontal drilling; single well controlled reserves; recovery factor 0 + 10 /km 2 [1] 20 10
80 Vol. 40 No.1 1 4 000 m 1.1 苏里格气田基本地质特征 4 10 4 km 2 8 1 3 000~3 600 m 4 1 [2-4] [6] 30~50 m 10 m 0.5 10 8 ~2.0 10 8 m 3 /km 2 1.0 10 8 m 3 /km 2 3 0.1 10 3 μm 2 1 3%~12% 0.01 10 3 ~ 5%~12% 0.1 10 3 ~1.0 10 3 μm 2 55%~65% 1.00 10 3 μm 2 50% 0.1 10 3 μm 2 85% 0.1 10 3 μm 2 [5] 3%~5% 0.1 10 3 μm 2 30%~40% 0.1 10 3 μm 2 [7] 0.5 10 3 ~1.0 10 3 μm 2 2 2~5 m 2~3 版权所有 图 1 苏里格气田加密试验区储集层 二元 结构分布特征剖面
2013 2 81 1/3 100% 4 1 000 10 4 ~3 500 10 4 m 3 3 10 4 ~30 10 4 m 3 /d 3 1 10 4 m 3 /d 2 1.2 储集层特征对开发井部署的影响 2.1 大型复合砂体分级构型描述与井位优选 6 m 6 m 2.1.1 复合砂体分级构型划分 版权 所有 6 m [8-9] 4 1 2 8 8 1 3 2
82 Vol. 40 No.1 表 1 苏里格气田复合砂体 4 级构型划分 ( ) () () ( ) 图 2 苏里格气田复合砂体分级构型划分示意图 8 70% 3 3a 15 m 30%~70% 版权 所有 3b 2.1.2 分级构型分布预测与井位优选 AVO 3 [10-11]
2013 2 83 图 3 苏里格气田典型区块复合砂体分级构型砂体分布特征 版权 2.2.1 所直井和直井丛式井组有 2.2.1.1 井距和单井控制面积评价 3c 2~ 5 m 200~400 m 600~800 m 10%~40% 200~400 m 600~ 3 800 m 10%~ 40% 9 95% 2.2 井型和井网优化 9 3 9 2
84 Vol. 40 No.1 Total 4 40~130 m 700 m 1.3~1.5 9 km 2 9~18 0.2~0.4 km 2 0.3 km 2 1 000 m 3 2 6 400 m 9 9 400 m 400~600 m 600~ 700 m 800 m 3 /km 2 2.2.1.2 井网几何形态 Shell Pinedale [12] 500 m 700 m 图 4 苏里格气田 Total 合作区块丛式井布井示意图 2.2.2 水平井 2.2.1.3 井网优化技术流程版权所有 5 1 2 3 [14] 4 5 2.2.1.4 直井丛式井组优化部署 1 5~7 [13] Shell
2013 2 85 [15] 2 km 14 1 63 10 4 m 3 /d 3 15 m 2 6 m 60% 3 4 0.5 m 3 /1 10 4 m 3 [16] 2.2.2.1 水平井地质目标优选 5 5 5 2 40% 3 版权所有 图 5 苏里格气田适于部署水平井的 5 种地质目标模型 表 2 苏里格气田水平井地质目标定量评价参数 /m / /% /m >6 27 24 350 1 300 670 6~15 38 34 350 1 800 980 6~15( 3 m) 23 21 600 1 500 870 >3 17 16 1 000 3 500 1 600 >3( 100 m) 5 5 800 1 900 1 300
86 Vol. 40 No.1 2.2.2.2 水平井主要参数优化设计 1 8 NE98º NE108º [17] 100~150 m 2 4 1 000 m 200 m 1 400 m 500~600 m 6 10%~40% 2 版 权所有 2 2 1 图 6 苏里格气田水平井压降平面与井网组合示意图 5 670~1 600 m 800~ 2.2.2.3 水平井提高单井控制储量和采收率机理分析 1500 m 1 000~1 200 m 1 3 7
2013 2 87 图 7 苏里格气田典型水平井剖面阻流带分布特征 80% 2~3 3 3 2.3 不同井型产能评价版权所有 2.3.2 主要评价参数和评价方法 2.3.1 气井分类评价 表 3 苏里格气田直井 水平井分类评价参数表 / /m /m /(MPa h 1 (10 4 m 3 d 3 / 1 ) (10 4 m 3 d 1 ) /m / 3 / (10 4 m 3 d 1 (10 4 m 3 d 1 /m >5 8 >2.4 >10 >2 >600 >15 >60 >6 3~5 8 1.6~2.4 4~10 1~2 400~600 10~15 20~60 3~6 <3 <8 <1.6 <4 <1 <400 <10 <20 <3
88 Vol. 40 No.1 Estimated Ultimate Rate, EUR 3 5 10 4 m 3 /d 30% 10% 8000 10 4 m 3 2011 160 10 8 m 3 [18-20] 3.2 存在问题及发展趋势 1 600 m 800 m 35% 2 EUR EUR 3 60% 4 3 3.1 应用效果 2006 2009 版权 4 所 有 + 75%~80% 3 1 10 4 m 3 /d 20% 10% 2 200 10 4 m 3 600 m 1 200 m 2~3 / km 2 20% 35% 100 10 8 m 3 /a 2010 200 1 000~1 200 m 7~10 +
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