, 5, 2.5 ; 2, 27 2600 7200 4 31.536, 80, 4.38 10,
3000 4000 6.6 220 ( 9 ),, 1000 1700, 0.9% 700 100 160,, 100, 2.5, 1.2 1996 6, 80
:,, 50 1.5 : 50 1992 :,, :,, 300 :,,,
:,, 19 15 20 60,,, : 5000,, 13,,
:,, :, 6 : 110, 30,,, 2000,,,, : 14% : 5,,,,,,,,,
,,,,, : 1992,, :,,,,,,,,, 106,,
1972,??,,! 1972,, 5000 16 9%, 60 1972, 75%, 304, 423,, 210, 41 % :,,
,,,, 5000, 3, 10! : 20, 2,, 1.4, 1993 8700, 20 1.5, :,???,,?,,!
,, 20, 20,,,,!,,?,,,,,?,,, : 6%, 80%, 18%, 80%, 18 % 80%
,, 18%,,,,,,,,??, :, 25 20%, 80% 1/ 2,, : 10,?, 20 60,
,,,,,,,, 20 90,,,,, :!,!,,,,,!
,,,,,, 2000 400 2500,,,,,,,, :!,,?,?,?,!
1996 6 3, 1995 :, ;,, 1995 : 1995 1994,,, 1996 :, 12,,,
,, : :, 20 :?,,, 80, 2000
1 1000, 55,,,,,,,,,,, :, 20, 2025,
50%, 83,,,, 30 :,,,,,,,,,,, 2010 30% 40%,
,, 6 20 80,,, 20 10 1995,, 4,, 20 70 6000 3000, 5%,,,,, 1912, 4.5 5.4 1995 12, 5.7, 3.4,,,,
,,, 1995,,,,,,, 0.01 10 :,,,,,,,,,
15 20 1883, 0. 85 1. 1,
:, 30,,,,,, 1.2, 12%,,, 16, 2 ; 12%, 30 %, 34%, 34.5%, 57%, 68 %, 73%
: 24.7, 40.8, 37, 73.5, 4,,,,,, 3.5, 2.8 2,, 5000,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 7000,,,,
,,,,,,,, 20 100 19%,,,? :, ;,,,,,,,,,,
20,,,,, 1100, 3, 1500, 200 2000, 21,, 1978 4200, 4900 60,,,,,,,,, 4 ( 1,
50 ), 2000 1980 1, 10, 31.2, 17.7 ( 15 ), 200,,,,,, 20 30 10,,,,, 15%, 20 2/ 3 50, 10,, 5000,,,,
, 116, 150, 1/ 6 30, 70, 30, 10,, 50, 24 1.2 3.5,, 600 320, 1250 350 58, 4.3 %,,,,,,,,,, 30, 3/ 5 1977, 60%, 1000, 50
,,,, 19,, 213 ( ) 1 30 9000,,,,, 8, 5, 4 6, :!,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
30,,,,,,,,,,, ; ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
, 2340, 10% ; 30,, 398 1069 1974,,,,, 20 50,,,,, 30,,,,,,,,
,, 10,,,,,, 200,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 2.9
1, 3000,,,,, 35, 600 136, 8, 150 90% 20 70% 7, 3 70%,,,,,,?,,, ( 100 )
,,,, 20 70 80,,?,,,,,,,,,,,,,?,,, 3,,,,,,,,,
, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,!,, ;,, 5,, ; ( ),,, ;,, 13, 6,,, 2.8, 1/ 10, 2800,,
:,, :,,,,, 1400, 1993, 400 100, 1000,, 50,, 10%,
300, 120, 3000, 5000,,,,,,?,,,, :,!,,,,
,, H :, 8 :, ( ),,,,,,,,,, 3,,,,,,,,,,,
7.7,,,, 300,, 1993 12,, 100,,,,, 50,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,!,,,, 6, 9,,,,,,,,,
,,,,, :?,,,, 6 7, 20,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,?,,
,,,,,,,,,,, :, 7,, 20, 1500,,,,,, 50, :,,
,,,,,, :,? :,,
1996 2,,,,, 1995 1990,, 2,,,,,,,, :
10 1,, 1995 19,,,,,,, 2000,,,,,,
:, 1995 1996 (, ) 50 1995 1996,,,, 147, 2000?,,, : 1995,, 800,,
,, :,,, 1995 12 29.9,,, 50 1995,,, : 30%, 200 : 62,, :,,,,
4, 50,,,,, 1995, 1933 1995, 11, 1861 1961 1990 0.4,,
,,, 14 21 2200, 1993,,,,,, 1996 12, ( ) :,,, 1995 :,
,,, :,,, ; ; ; ; ;,,, 5 56 20,,
, 100,,,,,,,, 5 :,, 5 13,, 115, 1996,,, :,,
:,,,,, 2100, 4, 1996 6,,,,,,, :,,, :,,
,, 40, 0.6, 1.5 4 50%, 2 : 2,, :,,,,,,,,
90,,,,,, ( ) 1988, 1995 12,, 2100 15 35 2500, 2100 1 3,,
, :,,,,,, :,, :,,
21, 200 21,, 15 17,,,,,, 20 90 20 80
5,, 1987, 10 1990 1995, 30 16 : 1991 5 171 114, 100, 30, 10% 1992 8 160 300, 3, 1993 1994 120 93 1995 217, :,,,
, 220, 1996 7 :, 150 1996 7 4, 1990 1995 12%, 2000 1995, 2000 1990,
: : ; ;, 1990 1995 35 %, 30%,,, 1990 70% 75%, 3% 12 %, 50%, 1990 29% 35% 2020 50%,
,,,,, 2050 9 10.6, 35, 10%,,,,, 1996 7 1 :,, 1992 : 21 1992, : 2010 1990 5% 10%
1996 6 26, 1996 7,, 2, 50%,, 2, :, 2000 1990, 15,,
, 2005 1990 20%
1996, 58, 26 2005, ; 2015, 41, 32,,, 1950, 83, 280, 2015, 1950,, 14,, 2650,, 1970,, 2 1 1970, 12.3, 84%
,,, 20 70,,,, 250 300,,, 250 500, 20 6,,,,,,, : 2000, 10, 10, 4, 20, 5,,
,,,, 60% 80%,,,, 21 : 21 1950, 29,, 2010, 2100, 1.5,,
, 21 : : 21, 100, 2600 15, 1996 6 2025, 10 60 1950, 10 2025,,, 100 800 130 30 ( 1940 1970 ) 16,
,, 60%, 40%,,,,,,,,,,,,, 2000,, 60 %, 30%,,
,,,, 2200, 1200 1800 1/ 3 1100 :,, 50 5000 2000 40
,, 20, 600, 100,, 1960,,,, 30,,, 260 1.6, 1.4,,,, 1996 6, 21,
, : 2025,, 10 6,, 500 600,,, 100,,,,,,,,,,, 72%
19 42 %, 35% 12 %, 30 29 %,,,,,,,,,,,, 1996,,,
1985 2200, 1995, 4500, 20,, 9000,, 8.023,, 4.591 ;, 2. 624 ; 6720 ; 1250 ; 110, 14.4, 5.7, 500, 7. 36 ; 2. 82 ; 2. 16 ; 1.24
,, 20,,, 7,,, 1995 5,, 30%, 20 70,,,, 60, 500,
,,,, 600 320,,,,, 70% 900,,, 0.5 60%, 1100,,,
,,,, 60%,,,, 250 500,,,,
,, 1000,, 1995,,,, : 15,, :,,,,,,,,,,
:,,, :,, 1990, 7,,,, 21 :,, 3,,,,,,,, 13
,, 30 70 10, 100, 150,,,,,,, 1400, 170, 400,, 6. 4 1000, 400,,, 10, 5,,
, 5000, 4000, 239,,, 5.6, 20 ( ), 4700, 10 5.6 6%, :,,,,,,, 2.5 10,
2.5,,, 100,, : 5873 ; 4024 ; 3479 ; 2599 ; 2123 ; - 1905 ; 1216 ; 1195 1161,,,, 1994, 10,,,, 1 5, 40 200,
1995, 912 ( 36CC) ( ) ( ) ( ) 5,,,, 2,,,,,,,,, 5, 80%,, ( W H O) 20, 11, :,
,,,, 1996,,,48.1%,,, 71% ( ),,,, ;,,,,,,,,,
;,,,,,,,,,,,, 11, 2, 38, 11, 3,, 3,,, 3, 1997
,,,, 1970,,, ; 1972, 250 ; 1943,, 5 10,,,?,,,,,
,,,,,,,, 10, 210 62 11,,, :, 600 4000,,,,,,, ;,,,,,, 60,,
:!,,,, 100%, 200,,,,,, 1996,, ;,, ;,
,, 50% 10% 40%,,,,,,,,,,,,, 80 % ICI ECO, 1/ 3 1/ 2,, ; 1996 1 1,,,,,
,,,, 1996 7 1,,, 75,,,, 1996, 80%,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 50, JCZOLA ( O/ W ), 20 80,,,
,,,, 20 70,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 500,
10,, 68%, 3/ 4,,, : (1 ), (2 ) ( ), ( 3), 25,, 25,,,,,,,,,,,, 25, 1/ 4
, 1898,, ;,, 1982 1993, O - 157,,,,,,,,, :,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 60 80, 42 70, 32 50,, 50, 45,,,
,, 80, 50%,,,,,,,,,,, ; ;,, :
2500,,,,,, 15 30, 6,,
,,,,,,, 2500 1/ 5,, 8%
, 2500, 1/ 3,, 3/ 4, 2.5, :,,,,,,, 1991, 50,,,,, 90%
,,,,,, 40 %,,,,,, 90%, 9,,,, 65%
, 40%,,, 5000,,,,,,,,, 1986 350 10,
,, 20 10, ;, ;, ;,,,, 23%,,, 20 10 :,,,,, 1/ 4,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1990, 17
, 1/ 5 ;, 12%, 60%,,, 41%, 90%,,,, 1996,,
,,,,,, 2025 650,, 1967,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,, 20,,, 6, 85%,,,,,,, 30, 10,,,,, 70,,,,,?,
,, 80%, 45% 20, 6000 8000, 400,, 50,,,,,, 113, 1996 3 22, 2010, :
,,, 58%, 42%,,, 10 50 %, 5% 200,,,,,, 20%, 20 60, 100, 80, 35 ( 10.7 ),
:,, 1000 21,,,,,, 1500,,,, 21 70%,,,
,,,, 5 % 1/ 3,,, 60%, 40% : 21,,, 5000,,,,,,,
, : 21 200, 40%, 21,, 25%,,,,,,, 1972 1992
83,1993 1994 50, 1995 3 4 7 25 118, 1995 600 1996 1995, 2 14,, 6 14 100, 1996 1995,,, 1000, 1986 466 400, 580 490,, 20 50 135, 60 160, 70 230,80 274, 90 300,,,, 1000 1,,,,,, 1995 60, 1996
100, 4,,,, 1996 2,,, 21,,,,
,,,,,,,,,, 54 %, 2025 70%
:, :, :,,, 15,,, 70 %,,,
20, 4500 ( 4.6 ), 700 1000, 2005 6, 1690 1996 5 31,,,,,,,, 30,, 40%, : 5
: 3,,, 1/ 3, 4600 :,,,,,,,,,
,,,, 2000,,,,,,, ;, ;,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,
,, : 1996 4 26, :,,,, 6 4 30,,, 3.3 6.5, 98.5%,,,,, 5, 4 30
: 1000, 153, 1949 22.7, 1723758, 29.01, 2396 1000, 4, 1/ 4, 1000, :, 1993,,
1993 11 1, 3, 12%, 1993 1.19, 1992 1217 ; 4226.4, 519 1993 11,, 1993 12,,,,,,,,? 1985 1993 10,,, 4000,
?, : 1903, 200, 520 8500 300 200,, 1200, 8500,,,,?, 1994, :,,,
,, 30, 1.4 9, 40 26, 76, 800,,,,,30? 1994,,,, :,,, 1977 1984 81%, 1984 16%, 1990 2030 40, 86, 9000, 96%
, 13, 16.5,, 1992 1991 2400, 16.6, 1993 4000, 16.2,?!,,, : 1949 1 70 1000 100, 91 %,
81% 1804 1904, 7098 86%,,, 30 83.2 75 %,,, 1940, 1996 6,, 2200,,
,,,,, 1996, 50%, 1995 6.5 %, 1995 1996 14,,,, 5%,, 4 :,,
,,,,,,,, :,, 20,,
,,,,, :, 30 : 40%, 2300, 25%, :,, 10 20 : 1.5,,
: 2.5, ( ) 60%, 40%,,,,,, : 7 ( ), 12 2.5 :, 50% 60 %, 60% ;
10%, 13%,, 40 %, 54%, 87% 39%,,,,,, 7%,, 3%, 5% 50 1996,, 2005 4000,, 20 70
, 1996 : 3/ 4 ;, ;, 30, ;, ; 1985 2200, 10 6000
6 30,,,, 25 20, 2.25,,, 20 20,,
,, 500, 100 30,40%, 25?,, 80 20 5000,, ( ),, 1996 20,,,
, 1300 1400, 5400 4000 25,,,, 500, 300, 100,,, 300, :,,, 1995 11, 50, ( U NEP), 1300 1400,
, 13 % ( 175 ),,,,, R : 1000,, :,, 50 100, 5400 4000 25,, 1000 1,,,,, :
,,,, 32, 152 131, 15 1996 ( 3 ), 1996 10, :,,,, 15,
200 19 60,, 19 90, 80,,,, 1960, ; 1996 350,,,,,,,, 140,, :,
,, :,,,??, 2. 5 3, 5000 7400 8 5, 14, 600, 300, 200,, 60%, 1973,,,
50,,,,,, 1996 3,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,, 100,,,,,, 24, 8, 5, 18,,,,,,
, 1/ 4,,, 800,,,,,,, 14,,,,,,,, 1995 12 22, 1500,, 1300! 20 20
, 1996 1 3 900,,,, :,,,, 1989 1,, 32,, 52,,, 1995 11 24,,,, 3 1500
,, 1995 12 22,,,,,,,,, 3, 1,,,,,,, 20,,,,,, 6500
,,, 150 :,,,,, 2000,,,, 80,, 15, :,,,,, 1995,,,,
, ;,, ;,, :,,,!
,,, :,,,,, 1993 1650, 1/ 3,, 8800 :
,, 1973, 30 : ; ;,,,, E,,,
,,, :,, 1980 1992, 58% :, 1996,,,, 1995 200,,
,, :,, 1918 1919 2000,,, 1995 430, 290,, 50, 2000,, 1995 700,,, :,,,
,, 2000, 10,, 1995 5.2, 1500,, 20,, 50 8.5,, ( ) :, 1995, 80%,,
18 6000 1995,, 130,, 10, 3 :, 10 9000 3000 10, 1996, 20, 30, 1976, 1700,,
5200 : 1996 5 19 : 1995 1700 :, 440, 310, 310, 210, 110, 100, 100, 46, 35.5, 13.5 1995 : 15 60, 2.4 1.1 38.4
50, 245, 80% 1990 15 10, 8000 :,,,,,,,
, :,,,, 45%, 6000,,, 1996 1918 1919 6 2000 4, 1500 :,, 80 1918 1919 2000? 7,
, 20 90,,,,,,, 7 7 20,, 1995 130, 1996 310 2180, 42%, 100 12 13, 2800 770 550, 75 % 85%
,, 5% 10%, 5% 10%,,,,,,, :,,, ;, ; ; :,
,,,, ; :,,,,,, :, ;,,,,,,
,,,,, 100, ; 110,,, 115,, 100, 110,,, 90,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,, 4,,,,, 1,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,, HIV :,,,, :, :,,
,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,, 5 7,,,,,,, 10,,, :,,,,,,,
B : B,,,,, B, :,,,,,,,,,,,, ( STD), 1994 STD
141/ 10, 66%, 22% STD, S TD 11 %, 1990,, S TD 46%, 52%,, STD, ( ) STD S TD ( AIDS) ( HIV),,, AIDS, 100%, HIV 1950, AIDS 450, 192, AIDS, AIDS, 1994, H IV 1774,
STD, S TD S TD STD,,,, S TD,,,, STD S TD,,, ( ),,,,
155 143,,,,,,, ( ),,,,,,, 0.5,
,,,,,,,, :,,,,,, ;, 0.5, 1996 4 5,,,
: 1996 4, 5,,, 24,,,,,, 20,, 11 1000,
,, 20,,, 20 1993 40,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,
,,,,,,, 44 DNA,,, :, 3, O - 157 15 20 O - 157, 1996 5, 15 1500, 3
( DNA),, 1996 5, O - 157 26, 15, 15, 7, : O - 157 O - 157,,, 4 8,,,, O - 157 1982, O - 157 1990,, 268, 2 1996 5 22,
, 1000 B 1 B 2, B 1, :, 1996 5, B 5370,, 1/ 5,, 2,, B,, B,,, 1996,, :
,, 1995 14,, 80% : 150,, 10 311,,, :,,,, 80%, 10
1996 3 5,,, 150 : : 1976,,, 1995 5 244,,,,
, :,,,,, :,,, 1976,, 1996 2 28,,, HIV E, H IV, HIV E
H IV 1, HIV 2 H IV 12, 1996 6, 43, 3024, 6 17, 15,,,,
, :, ;,,,, 2000 200, 35 9, 1100, 110, 3.3%, 2000, 57 33,, :,
,,,,,, :,, :,, 0.5 %,,?
, 1996 6, :,,,,, CT,,,,, ( ), ( Lymedisease), 20 70
,,,,,, ( ),,,, 30,, 1994 13000, 20 80, 20,, 13, 300,,, ;,,, ;
,,,,, 7 17,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,, 1995,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
, 10%, 80%,,,,,,,,,,,, 46 ( 23 ),
44 (22 ), ;, X, X Y,, X, ; X Y,,, X, ; Y, :,,,,, X Y, X,,,,,
,, 1984, 70%,?,,,,,, 40%, 300,,,, DDE ( ), 1/ 4 20 70,,
,, 20,,,, DDT ( ) PCB ( ) PBB( ), 37,,, 21, 20 40 ;, 20 50, ;,, 2 3,, : ; ; ; ;
,,, 18,,,,, ( PCB),, DDT
,,,,,,,, ;,, :, : XY, XY, XX,, X Y, X,, XY XX, ZW, XY, Z W, Z, Z W, Z Z,,
,,,,,,, 1966,,, :,,, 1917, 20 6 20, ;, 30.5 ; 30, 28 ; 30 1988 1993,,, 390 1988 1992 1988, 7 25,
1992 21,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 30% 20 20%
,,,, 12,,, 50, :,?,,,,, 4,
4, 160 1600,,,
10, 49 20 150, 1995 12,,?, 15 35 1985, 100 ( CFC), 1996,,, 36 : 2010,, ( H CFC) H CFC,
;, 15% HCFC, 2040 2002, HCFC 2030,,, HCFC 1995,, ( H FC ) H CFC H FC,, HCFC CFC 1/ 3 H FC HCFC CFC,, CFC : 1992, 21
,, 1995 11,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,, 1996 2 3, 45%,
,, 200,, 78,,,,,,, 20 50,, 100 150 203, 10, 110 30,
17,,, :, 10,, 2 3,, 1997 1999,,, 20 80,,,,,
, 1/ 3,,, 1987,,,, 1994, 20 1% 1.5 %,
, 1994 1995,,,, : 1 15 18 34.8% 16. 1 %,, 1993 2.2 2.6
, 5.6 8.2, 38.3%, 34% 19.2% 19.5%, 10% 4.5% 1996 6 5, 15 15 1700 20 60 70, 14% 30 % 20 80,, 40% 1985 1989,
6050, 6050, 11, 15,, 14,,, 20 90, 2590, 1410,, 35 69 1/ 3
,,,, 1991, 10% :,,,,,, 7.5% 30%,,, 4, 600%,,,
, 14, 1996 5 21 21,,, 4.5, 3,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,, 15, 7 1990 1994,, 251 8 1, 85%,,,,, : 6,, :,
,, 11,,,,,? :,, 2500,, 50, 25 %,, 20 80, 9/ 10,,,, 1986,, 116
108, 2/ 3,,,,,,, 25%,,,? 1986, M., 178,, 1/ 4, 12 1, 90%, 7 353, 1987, :,
,?, 42,,,,,,,, 10,,, :,,,,,? M. 6,, 60,,
, 20, 6 6,,,,, 477,,,,, :,,,,
,, 1996 4 29,,,,,,,, :,, :,, :,,,,,,, :!,, : 1992,,,, 10,,, :,
,,,,,,,,,,, B,,, :,,,
X :, B 40%, : 10, 300,, 2020 1, 70% 49,,,,,,,,, 1982 3562 2, 2670, 11,, 20 80,
1.4%,,, 11, 15 1/ 3, 8,,, 15,,, 3, 31.6% 20 20 : 20 70,, 600 3000, 30 40, 1955, 50, 1995 200,, 1995 2 % 1995 13%,, 49 : ; ; ;,,,,
:,, :,, :, :,,,,
,, :, 500,,,,,, 20,,, 1995 196 149,,,
, 1996 :,,,,,,
:,,, 1996 5 30,,,, 50 60, 1/ 3,, 1988, 4,
1996 5,, 100,,,,,, -, 3/ 4,,,, -, 5000,
,, ( ),, 75%, 600, 4,,, :?,, : :? 1996 6 96,,,
14,,,,,,,,,,, 1996 6 26, 27 262, 939, 1725, 769, 175 14
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :, :,
,, 1988, 42 6 26, 1990, 1991 2000 6 26,,, 5, :, 75 % 80 % ;, ;, 2500, 600 1000 ; 1.2, 1800,
75%, 1996 1, 7,,,, 2500, 300, 1000 1995 5,,,,,,,,,,,,
, 13 ;,, 1996 6 5,, 1987,, 1995 21, : :
,,,,,, :,,,,,,, 1980, 1.1, 4000,,,,, 12,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,, 3300,, 150, 2000, 10 15% 1995,, 3,,,, 540 1.5 180 24 1994,
1995, 4 40,,, ( ) ( ), ( ) ( ),,,,,,, 20 80,,, 20 320,,,,,,
,, 102, 2.3, 6,, 3, 1.8 ; 3100, 1600,,, 1.55, 2400, 1000,
10,, 1980 9 :,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 3,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,, ;,, 1996 5 27, 109 2952, 6 5, 29 4500,,,,
:,, ; ;,,,,, 288.5 30,, 5,,,, : 83% ; 1452 470,,, 6000,
,,, 150,,,,,,, 10,,,, 2,,,
, 300,,,,, :,,,, 1743,, 3,, 30, 90% :,, 1971 300,, 200
,, 40%,, 800,,, 1995,,,,,, :,,, 1996 4,,,,
, 25 1998,,,,,,, 45, 6 3 :
:,,, 1992,, 21,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,, :,, 1996 5,,,, 900 5 13,,, 3000 :,, 20, 80
, :, : 20 500, 500 5000, 5000 5, :,,,,
, 100%,,,,, 1/ 3 1/ 8,,,,,,,,,,,
,, 1996 6 25,,,,, :,,, : 21 :,,
,,, ( ),, 1/ 7,, :,,,,,
,,, ( 37 ) 1/ 3,,,,,, 1/ 20 1/ 30, 1/ 5
,,,,,,,,