Pharmaceutical Sciences 藥物科學薑的功效與藥理作用 嘉義長庚紀念醫院藥劑科藥師陳盈信 戴俊典 國立嘉義大學微生物免疫與生物藥學系副教授陳立耿 桃園長庚紀念醫院中醫藥劑部藥師童承福 摘要 ginger gingerol 壹 前言 - 1 1,2 貳 基原與性狀 (Zingiberaceae) Zingiber officinale Rosc. 9-11 1-3 參 功效與應用 () () 80 THE JOURNAL OF TAIWAN PHARMACY Vol.30 No.4 Dec. 31 2014
炮製方法學表一 圖一功效與應用 一 生薑 1-3 3-1.5 4 二 煨薑 5-2 4 三 乾薑 1-3 4 四 炮薑 5-3 4 五 薑炭 5-1 304 Dec. 31 2014
藥Pharmaceutical Sciences 物科學4 5,6 肆 化學成分 100 (gingerol) (essential oil) (diarylheptanoids) 一 薑辣素 gingerols shogaols zingerone paradols gingerdione gingerdiols gingerols 6-gingerol shogaols gingerols shogaols retro-aldol reaction zingerone () shogaols 120 7,8 圖二生薑中 6-gingerol 在炮製過程受熱可能產生之化學變化, 轉變為 6-shogaol 或 zingerone 等成分 二 揮發油 萜 萜 (monoterpenoid) geranial neral camphene 萜 (sesquiterpenoid) zingiberene ar-curcumene-bisabolene -sesquiphellandrene 三 二苯基庚烷 (1,7-diarylheptanoids) (cyclic diarylheptanoids) 伍 藥理作用 一 止吐止暈 26 7-11 (250 mg) QID 267 20 (250 mg) QID 4 9 576 53 0.5 g 1.0 g 10 6-gingerol 8-gingerol 10-gingerol 6-shogaol (guinea pig) M 3 receptors 5-HT 3 receptors 82 THE JOURNAL OF TAIWAN PHARMACY Vol.30 No.4 Dec. 31 2014
11 二 抗炎 6-gingerol 8-gingerol 10-gingerol 6-shogaol (U937 cells) COX-2 PGE 2 10 6-shogaol 6,13 6-shogaol 三 抗氧化 DPPH superoxide radical hydroxyl radical 6-shogaol > 10-gingerol > 8-gingerol > 6-gingerol (PMN) ROS 14 6-dehydroshogaol 6-shogaol 1-dehydro-6- gingerdione macrophages NO 13 四 抗凝血 10 g 4 adenosine diphosphate 藥物科學5-HT3 receptors (ADP) epinephrine (EPI) 13 gingerols 8-paradol COX-1 6 2 陸 禁忌及交互作用 1 (Safrole) warfarin heparin (LMWH) aspirin 15 柒 結論 藥學雜誌 121 83 304 Dec. 31 2014
藥物科學 Pharmaceutical Sciences 參考資料 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 84 嚴正華 中藥學(上) 知音出版社2003 69-72 3768 張賢哲 蔡貴花 中藥炮製學 台中市 中國醫藥學 院出版1995 253-5 戴新民 中藥用法十講 啟業書局有限公司1987 19 174-5 丁舸 左志琴 淺析薑在方劑中的配伍意義 江西中 醫藥2007 10 8-10 胡煒彥 張榮平 唐麗萍等 生薑化學和藥理研究進 展 中國民族民間醫藥2008 9 10-3 I. Rahath Kubra, L. Jagan Mohan Rao: An Impression on Current Developments in the Technology, Chemistry, and Biological Activities of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe). Food Science and Nutrition 2012; 52: 651-76. DW Connell, MD Sutherland: Re-examination of gingerol, shogaol and zingerone, the pungent principles of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe). Aust J Chem 2013; 22: 1033-1043. S Bhattarai, VH Tran, CC Duke: The Stability of Gingerol and Shogaol in Aqueous Solutions. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2011; 90: 1658-1664. Mingshuang Ding, Matthew Leach, Helen Bradley: The THE JOURNAL OF TAIWAN PHARMACY Vol.30 No.4 Dec. 31 2014 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. effectiveness and safety of ginger for pregnancy-induced nausea and vomiting: A systematic review. Women and Birth 2013; 26: e26-30. Julie L. Ryan, Charles E. Heckler, Joseph A. Roscoe, et al: Ginger (Zingiber officinale) reduces acute chemotherapyinduced nausea: a URCC CCOP study of 576 patients. Support Care Cancer 2012; 20: 1479-89. Heinz H. Pertz, Jochen Lehmann, René Roth-Ehrang, et al: Effects of Ginger Constituents on the Gastrointestinal Tract: Role of Cholinergic M3 and Serotonergic 5-HT3 and 5-HT4 Receptors. Planta Medica 2011; 77: 973-8. R. C. Lantz, G. J. Chen, M. Sarihan, et al: The effect of extracts from ginger rhizome on inflammatory mediator production. Phytomedicine 2007; 14: 123-8. L. Tchombé N., A. Louajri, M. H. Benajiba: Therapeutic effects of ginger (Zingiber officinale). Science and Technology 2012; 8(14): 64-9. Swarnalath Dugasani, Mallikarjuna Rao Pichika, Vishna Devi Nadarajah, et al: Comparative antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of [6]-gingerol, [8]-gingerol, [10]-gingerol and [6]-shogaol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2010; 127: 515-20. Merrily A. Kuhn: Herbal Remedies: Drug-Herb Interactions. Critical Care Nurse, 2002; 22(2): 22-32.