2000 1 (63 ) DUNHUANG RESEARCH NO. 1. 2000 TOTAL 63 Ξ 1 1 2 1 2 (1., 736200 ; 2., 730050) : ; ; : (PLM) X - (XRD) ( cross - section),, : K854. 3 : A : 1000 4106 (2000) 01 0065 11 1.,,, 1961 7, 40 (, ),,,,,, 236,, 74, : ; ; ;,,,,,, Ξ : 1999 10 14 :, (1964 ), 1985,,, (1974 ) 1997,,, (1964 ), 1986,,, (1948 ), 1978, 65
, J Getten,,, 74 9, 1mm 2 56,,, 2.,,,,,,,,, :,,,, X,,,,, X, Walter C. McCrone,,,,, X, 66,,,,,, Rigaku D/ max - 2400 X DH - 2 OLYMPUS, 60 3. 3. 1 X 55, 18, 9, 6, 17, 6, X, : : CaSO 4 2H 2 O CaSO 4 CaCO 3 SiO 2 : Cu 2 : Pb 3 O 4 HgS Fe 2 O 3 : (HO) 3 Cl (Na, Ca) 7-8 (Al, Si ) 12 (O, S) 24 [ SO 3 Cl 1 (OH) 2 ] : (PbO 2 ) 3. 2
67
68
69
, : : KZR - 21T 38 KZR - 006B 38 KZR - 022T 38, 40-50m + 50-120m,, 100m,, 150m KZR - 001R 38 10-20m + + KZR - 010G 38 100m KZR - 014W 77 50m KZR - 024T 77, 10m + KZR - 018H 100 20m KZR - 004R 100 10-40m + + KZR - 012G 100 40-50m KZR - 048T 114 KZR - 007B 114, 10 20 20m + KZR - 025R 114 10-15m KZR - 050R KZR - 019H KZR - 027R KZR - 029B KZR - 041H 186, 10m,, 20m, 110m 70m + + 10m + + + 70
KZR - 034G 186 20m, KZR - 042H 186 20-30m + KZR - 073R 180 KZR - 031B 180 KZR - 075R 180 20-50m 100m 50-70m + + + KZR - 043H 179 50m + KZR - 097R 179 10m + KZR - 069T 171 KZR - 054B 135 20m 50m + + KZR - 071T 30m + KZR - 036G 20-30m,, 100m,, 10-30m, 50m,,,, 4. 55 :,,,,,, :,, 80 %,,,,,, 71
1 : X ( KZR - 100R) 2 : X ( KZR - 006B), (12, 13),, 72, :,,
, 1617,,,,,,,,, : X 14, 15,,,,, 3 : X ( KZR - 099R) 5. :,,,,,,, : :,,, ;,,,, 73
4 : X ( KZR - 025R) 5 : X ( KZR - 047T),,,,,, 74 6. (1),
6 : X ( KZR - 012G) (2),,,,,,, [ 9 ],, [A]. [ C]., :, 1993. 258-275. [10 ]. [J ]., 1 (1997) 25-32. : [1 ],. [M], :, 1990, P53. [2 ]. X - [J ].. [3 ]. [J ]. 5, P467 (1990). [4 ]. [J ]. 8, P744 (1991). [5 ].. [J ]., 10, P948 (1991). [6 ] J Getten, Wallpaintings Materials. [7 ] Walter C. McCrone, The Microscopical Identifica2 tion of ArtistsPigments, J. IIC - GC, Vol 7 Nos. 1&2 11-32. [8 ],. [A]. [ C]., :, 1993, 219-235. 75