No. C006005 006-04 No. C006005 006 4 1 010-5880338013810855709 grxwww@16.com100875 010-5763565 13691495306 lmao@pku.edu.cn100871
No. C006005 006 4 1 010-5880338013810855709 grxwww@16.com100875 010-5763565 13691495306 lmao@pku.edu.cn100871
Regulation effect on taxi indutry in metropolitan: taking Beijing a an example Abtract: Taking Beijing a an example, thi paper explored the effect of price and quantity regulation of the taxicab indutry on the traffic condition of metropolitan. Through invetigation, the contribution of taxicab to the traffic problem wa found to be limited. And it i hard to ettle thi problem by further controlling the amount of taxicab. Under the current regulation policie, the taxicab upplie cannot anwer the changeful demand. In concluion, regulation in taxicab indutry hould facilitate market competition. Finally, we gave ome advice on the improvement of regulation. Keywordgovernment regulation; taxicab; the ratio of unoccupied taxicab. JEL: L51, L90, R48 3
00 003 005 Cairn Liton-Heye 1996Hai Yang S.C. Wong00 1961984 3 551 4
Dougla197 Cairn Liton-Heye1996 005 40% 50% 30%-40% 37% 40% 50% 0% 8% 003 11 10 003 9 18 5
Dougla197 Cairn Liton-Heye 1996 Q (, ) = a g p w g < 0, g < 0 1 w ( ) = w v w v < 0 ( ) v = Nh/ 4t Q = 0,1,...,3 4 Q Q = a g p, w ( ) a a > 0 a p w g < 0, g < 0 1 N h 0< h < 4 Nh /4 t tq Nh /4 tq t w t Nh /4 tq ( ) w = w( Nh/ ( 4t) Q) /( 4 ) Nh / 4t Q (, ) t w v = Nh t Q < 0 v Q = a f p v f 1 < 0 f > 0 1 ( ) c h c > 0, c > 0 N t t 9 t Q w 6
k = 1,,..., N 1 3 / k ( ) π = p Qh h c h 1 1 1 = 0 k= 1 N 1 h 1 Q = 0,...,3 Q, 1 1 1 k 1 k = 1 p N (, ) N EQ p N Eπ = p EQ( p, N) h / h c( h ) 3 p N 1 Eπ 1 h 1 ( Eπ ) 1 = 0 h 1 (, )/ ( ) peq p N Nh = c h 4 4 p, N h a t a t 1 a t 1 ( ) Q / t = anhf / 4t 1+ a f < 0 5 ( ) Q / a = f / 1+ a f > 0 6 5Q h k = h k = 1,... N 7
t 6 a a t Q w w( v ) = w v v = Nh/4t Q a v Nh Q t = t 4t t v a Q = a 56 v Nh v Q f = < 0 = = < 0 t + a f t a a 1+ a f ( 1 ) 4 3 a u ( ) ( ) u = Nh/4 tq / Nh/4 = 1 4 tq/ Nh u 4t Q = < 0 a Nh a u 4 a f Nh 1 1 = tq = u t tnh 1+ a f 4 t 1+ a f 7 8 7 a u 8u θ 1/ ( 1+ af ) u / t < 0 θ a t u > θ 8
u < θ 4 h p EQ EQ = + p ( hc ( h) + c ( h) ) N p p u θ t 9 h p EQ EQ = N hc h + c h N N N 10 ( ( ) ( )) + > EQ / p < 0 h p h N EQ( p, N) hc ( h) c ( h) 0 EQ( p, N) EQ ( N ) EQ ( p ) p N EQ/ p EQ/ p p p EQ/ p > EQ/ p h/ p > 0 p EQ/ p < EQ/ p h/ p< 0 h p EQ / N > EQ / N 1 h/ N < 04 9 ( p) ( ) N b EQ = N b p + 1 0 p b N > 0 b
( Nh) N > 0 h p h/ N 0 < ( Nh) / N 0 > 11 Q v u 11 Q a f1 a f N h = + p 1+ af 1+ af 4t p ( Nh) Q a f 1 N 1+ a f 4t N = > ( Nh) v 1 1 = > 0 N 1+ a f 4t N ( Nh) u 1 1 = u N Nh N 1+ a f 0 1 13 14 15 1 Q / p Q / p 1314 15 u θ = 1/ ( 1+ af ) N θ N θ N u > θ N u θ N v u p p 10
005 4 1330 00 1 16:30 19:0 1330 1430 1530 1630 1730 1830 1930 140 150 160 170 180 190 00 33. 31.81 3.45 5.70 1.06 6.60 38.6 13:30-16:0 16:30-19:0 17:30-18:0 U 0 19:30-0:0 1000 11
0%40% Nh /4t Nh /4t 5 7 33 14:46-18:3 13:30-14:0 17:30-18:0 1:0.5773 17:30-18:0 13:30-14:0 186.38 86.38 6 3 U 17:30-18:0 35/ 563 = 0.5773 118/(113 0.5773) = 1.8638 1
30%-40% 0% 1314 56 a t a t U 17:30-18:0 3.78 0 8 0 80 Cairn Liton-Heye1996 Dublin 000 Jennifer Daly 004Dublin 106 003 1456 Dublin Dublin Japan Taxi Driver Feel Squeeze; More Cab On Road, but Fare Don t Fall Much. USA TODAYmay, 4,005 PB6 13
Anthony00 1998 11 4 3.00 14
Anthony Ogu: Comparing Regulatory Sytem: Intitution, procee and legal form in indutrialized countrie, Appendix 1, Comparing Taxi Regulation Regime in developed economic, Centre on Regulation and CompetitionUniverity of MancheterWorking paper erie, December 00. Cairn, R. D. and Catherine Liton-Heye, 1996: Competition and regulation in the taxi indutry. Journal of Public Economic 59, 1-15. Dougla, G. W., 197: Price regulation and optimal ervice tandard: The taxicab indutry. Journal of Tranport Economic and Policy 0, 116-17. Hai Yang, S.C. Wong, K.I. Wong: Demand-upply Equilibrium of Taxi Service in A Network Under Competition and Regulation. Tranportation Reearch Part B 36 (00) 799-819. Jennifer Daly004Taxi Deregulation: Three Year On. Student Economic Review, Vol.18. 3 003 11 001 00.1.6 00 003 36 15
1 3 h 1 h k (, )/ (, )/ ( ) = h k = 1,... N peq p N Nh peq p N N h = c h N 1/ N 1/ N 5 (, )/ ( ) peq p N Nh = c h 5 7 33 16