- https://www.thefamily.tv/bluetears
- (luciferin-luciferase)
วӀᐒ ڋ 儻兟䴇 㵞垉䙣ℰ䴇 Ϲ
(ostracod) (Noctiluca scintillans) 1. 2. (luciferase)(luciferin binding protein)
2-2 μm (.2-2 cm) ()
Kingdom Chromista Subkingdom Harosa Infrakingdom Alveolata Phylum Myzozoa Class Dinophyceae () Order Noctilucales Family Noctilucaceae Genus Noctiluca Species N. scintillans (Macartney) Kofoid and Swezy 1921 From WoRMS (World Register of Marine Spceies) http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=19921 D E C Chromalveolates B Unikonts A F Ald et al. 25; Baldauf
Jul. 216, M7_In 2-2 μm, n = 354 reads Noctiluca 93.2% Noctiluca_scintillans Protoceratium_reticulatum Alexandrium_catenella Ceratocorys_horrida Alexandrium_tamarense Ceratium_fusus Alexandrium_monilatum Gonyaulax_spinifera Pyrodinium_bahamense Tiarina_fusus Karenia_brevis Pyrocystis_fusiformis Gonyaulax_polyedra (Sheng-Fang Tsai) Jul. 216, M8 2-2 μm, n = 818 reads Noctiluca 97.2% Jul. 216, M7_In > 2 μm, n = 654 reads (Tomas, 1997) Jul. 216, M8 > 2 μm, n = 335 reads M7_In Noctiluca 96.9% Noctiluca 85.1% M8 (Pedinomonas noctilucae) From Harrison et al., 211 From Furuya et al., 26
22
ph DNA
35 25 Temperature ( o C) 3 25 2 15 1 5 J F M A M J J A S O N D 216 217 218 219 Noctiluca scintillans (cells/l) 2 15 1 5 J F M A M J J A S O N D 216 217 218 219 Month Month 4 35 3 Salinity 25 2 15 1 5 216 217 218 219 J F M A M J J A S O N D Month
12 8 NO 3 (μm) 1 8 6 4 2 216 217 218 SiO 4 (μm) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 216 217 218 J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D Month Month 6 5 Nutrient limitation PO 4 (μm) 4 3 2 1 J F M A M J J A S O N D Month 216 217 218 DIN 1, P.2, Si 2 (Dortch and Whitledge, 1992) Si limitation 218 216 ( ) P 217 > 218 > 216 Total Chl a (mg/m 3 ) 2 18 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 J F M A M J J A S O N D 216 217 218 DO (%) 18 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 J F M A M J J A S O N D 216 217 218 Month Month 14 > 2 μm Chl a (mg/m 3 ) 12 1 8 6 4 2 J F M A M J J A S O N D Month 216 217 218 216 >2 μmchla (~8%) DO (%) 217 > 216, 218 >2 μmchla 217 > 218 > 216
2 18 16 Noctiluca scintillans (cells/l) 14 12 1 8 6 216 217 218 219 4 2 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 3 33 Temperature ( o C)
Tsia S-F*, L-Y Wua, W-C Chou and K-P Chiang 218 ()The dynamics of a dominant dinoflagellate, Noctiluca scintillans, in the subtropical coastal waters of the Matsu archipelago, Marine Pollution Bulletin 127: 553-558 (IF=3.146, Marine & Fresh Water Biology: 8/15=8%, : )
33 34
35 Noctiluca scintillans (cells/5ml) 5 45 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 218/4/1 218/4/21 218/5/11 218/5/31 218/6/2 218/7/1 218/7/3 Date pair-sample T test v.s. v.s..942272536.27826883
Temperature ( o C) 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 35 J F M A M J J A S O N D 3 Month 25 Salinity 2 15 1 5 16 J F M 14 A M J J A S O N D 12 Month 1 8 6 4 2 J F M A M J J A S O N D Month DO (%) PO 4 (μm) 2.5 2 1.5 1.5 J F M A M J J A S O N D Month NO 3 (μm) 45 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 SiO 4 (μm) J F M A M J J A S O N D Month 6 5 4 3 2 1 J F M A M J J A S O N D -1 Month Noctiluca scintillans (cells/l) 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 15 18 21 24 27 3 33 Temperature ( o C) Noctiluca scintillans (cells/l) 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 27 3 33 36 Salinity
㼙㽕㘩㘖 㕟憶廪檿烎 㗆 㵩ⵤ (ɗ) 嚰 (暢/L) 匇䱞䯞 (mg/m3) 匇䱞䯞 烋 IJıġƶŮġ(mg/m3) 点㕟憶ˣ㽫 䙭䂡䨴 (Cells m -3)ƍ 活ⵤ 匇䱞䯞 烍 IJıġƶŮġ(mg/m3)
- (luciferin-luciferase)
() ( ) () )
Paralytic shellfish poisoning, PSP :dinoflagellate Neurotoxic shellfish poisoning, NSP :dinoflagellate Diarrhetic shellfish poisoning, DSP :dinoflagellate Amnesic shellfish poisoning, ASP :diatom Ciguratera fish poisoning CFP
NSPbrevetoxin-A, brevetoxin-b 3 voltaged-gated sodium channel activator DSPokadaic acid dinophysistoxins protein phosphatase 1 2a PP1 PP2a 3
ASP brown tidedomoic acid DA glutamate synthetase () Gambierdiscus toxicus Cigua: Ciguatera was first described by one of the surgeon's mates, William Anderson, on the crew of HMS Resolution in 1774 Ciguatoxin is odourless, tasteless and very heatresistant, so ciguatoxin-laden fish cannot be detoxified by conventional cooking Symptom: gastrointestinal () and neurological ( ) effects: Severe cases of ciguatera can also result in cold allodynia (), which is a burning sensation on contact with cold The symptoms can last from weeks to years, and in extreme cases as long as 2 years, often leading to long-term disability. CIGUATERA)
French Polynesia Tahiti Gambier Islands