论坛 * 刘 云 2012 321004 * 12JJD810015 61
2012 6 2011 471 9 2. 9% 1 76. 7 2010 2011 479 / 0. 6% 2 GDP 3 96% 2004 2008 2008 18 697 5 84 2009 2010 18 869 3 1 BP BP Statistical Review of World Energy June 2012 p. 6 http / /www. bp. com /multipleimagesection. do categoryid = 4728&contentId = 7047099 2012-08 - 07. 2 3 62 Ibid. EIU Country Report Libya March 2012 p. 14.
2006 1 80 1982 1981 210 1986 54 1988 2 1 2 2011 219 2011 1 45 ~ 46 63
2012 6 2010 95% 75% 25% 1 30% 2 40 2% 600 3 1 2 EIA Country Analysis Libya http / /www. eia. gov/countries/cab. cfm fips = LY 2012-09 -10. 2011 1 47 64
Warfla Magarha Gadhafa Sabha 1969 1993 10 2008 40% Al - Zawiya 65
2012 6 Wintershal 2011 2 21 Eni 2 22 1 21 2 2011 2 2011 1 157 2 134 3 37 5 14 8 3 000 3 4 Messla Sarir Zawiyah 2011 6 2 ~ 3 1 Javier Blas As Producers Exit Last Man Out Will Turn Off The Oil Tap Financial Times Feb. 22 2011. 2 2011 2 22 3 Market Indicators 2011 http / /www. opec. org/opec_ web/en/data_ graphs/1993. htm 2012-07 -11. 66
2011 9 1 60 150 2011 12 970 37 1 600 1 2 7 2011 7 28 1 2 Barah Mikail The Multiple Challenges of Libya s Reconstruction Fride Policy Briefs No 114 January 2012 p. 2. 2011 2 27 2011 11 22 2012 8 8 67
2012 6 Antonio Niubó 1 AGOCO 8 2011 10 11 4 2 2012 1 99 2 126 5 144 90% 3 2012 3 685. 5 553 2012 2012 549 4 1 Patrick Osgood After Gaddafi Libya s oil industry Sep. 14 2011 http / /www. arabianoilandgas. com /article - 9440 - after - gaddafi - libyas - oil - industry /2 / 2011-11 - 12. 2 Edward L. Morse The Libyan Oil Tap Foreign Affairs September 6 2011 http / /www. foreignaffairs. com /articles /68245 /edward - l - morse - and - eric - g - lee /the - libyan - oil - tap 2011-12 - 21. 3 OPEC Market Indicators 2012 http / /www. opec. org /opec _ web /en /data _ graphs /2234. htm 2012-08 - 21. 4 2012 http / /news. xinhuanet. com /world / 2012-03 /12 /c_ 111639701. htm 2012-05 - 17. 68
2011 10 10 11 2 2012 3 6 7 5 60 100 40 69
2012 6 1 60 20 21 2004 2004 8 15 2005 1 29 15 11 2005 1 4 BG 2 2006 8 2007 6 RWE 1 Suliman Ali Alzway And David D. Kirkpatrick Eastern Libya Demands a Measure of Autonomy in a Loose National Federation New York Times A6 March 7 2012. 2 Michael Penn A Japanese Oil Victory in Libya Asia Times November 2 2005 Andrew Jack Libya Awards Oil And Gas Licences Financial Times October 3 2005. 70
1 4 2 2012 6 100 5 1 Roula Khalaf and Thomas Catan BP and Libya in Talks over Gas Project Financial Times January 6 2006. 2 71
2012 6 220 1 2012 9 24 Nouri Balrwin 2 65% 3 2011 8 4 2011 8 1 http / /news. xinhuanet. com /fortune /2012-07 / 17 /c_ 112460876. htm 2012-08 - 15. 2 Opening of Libya Summit Oil and Gas and Sustainable Growth October 4 2012 http / / en. noclibya. com. ly /index. php option = com_ content&task = view&id = 1606&Itemid = 1 2012-10 - 04. 3 Patrick Osgood op. cit. 4 72
2011 8 23 1 22% 2 490 3 2011 4 2011 8 24 1 Libyan Oil after Gaddafi http / /www. arabianoilandgas. com /pics - 9366 - analysis - libyan - oil - after - gaddafi 2011-08 - 24. 2 IEA Facts on Libya Oil and Gas http / /www. iea. org /files /facts_ libya. pdf 2012-09 - 09. 3 Tobias Vanderbruck Gaddafi s Legacy of Libyan Oil Deals 2011 /10 /21 http / /oil - price. net /en /articles /gaddafi - legacy - of - libya - oil - deals. php 2011-10 - 28. 73
2012 6 16% 2011 9 1 2011 4 3 35% 1 2011 4 20 1988 2009 8 20 9 2011 10 Heritage Oil PLC 51% 2 120 2004 1 2 Tobias Vanderbruck op. cit. Ibid. 74
2001 10 CNPC 2006 2003 12. 89 2006 338. 52 2010 737. 33 1 2 1 2011 2012 3 60 2 Patrick Osgood op. cit. 75
2012 6 1 2 1 http / /news. xinhuanet. com /fortune /2011-11 /11 /c_ 111161703. htm 2011-11 - 11. 2 76 2007 3 51
Oil Issue in National Reconstruction of Libya Liu Yun Abstract Oil exportation brought huge revenues for the Gadhafi Government but fluctuations of international oil prices sanctions imposed by Western powers and inequitable distribution of oil income brought Gaddafi s Libya serious political and economic problems and caused Gaddafi regime to collapse. Current economic reconstruction also depends on benefits of oil production and exports. Although oil production has been basically restored to pre - war levels as of Mid - 2012 many political and economic problems associated with oil still challenge the new Libyan Government. In the era of post - Gadhafi Libya s oil policy is as follows Firstly rehabilitation and development of the oil industry are of primacy in National Reconstruction Secondly in a very long period in the future Libya s oil industry will open to international oil companies Thirdly political considerations are so important that Western oil companies are taking advantages in Libyan reconstruction. It is fraught with difficulties for China s petroleum enterprises to involve in Libya oil exploration and production but with respect to oil services Chinese companies may have some opportunities. Key Words Oil Reconstruction of Libya Post - Gadhafi Era Oil Policy China s Petroleum Enterprises 77