2013 4 JOURNAL OFRENMIN UNIVERSITY OFCHINA No.4 2013 [ ] BCC ; [ ] ; ; [ ] : ( 100872) (IZA)ResearchFelow; : ( 29208) ; : ( 100083) (IZA)ResearchAfiliate [5][6][7][8] [9][10][11][12] [1][2] [3][4] 36
BCC [15] Kevin HonglinZHANG ShunfengSONG 19781999 [16] : : ; ; ( ) ( ) DEA (DEA) [13][14] 37
DEA θ DMU BCC DEA CCR/ BCC/FG/ST Charnes Cooper Rhodes DEA [17] CCR (DMU) BCC n j Maxμ X j Y j Subjectto X i0 n j=1x ijλj i=12 m n (2) X 0 Y 0 Y r0μ n j=1y rjλr=12 s CCR : (3) Minimizeθ Subjectto n j=1x jλj θx 0 n j=1y jλ Y 0 (1) λj 0j=12 n (1) n r=12 s;x ij j θ=1 (DMU) i ;Y rj j DEA (DMU) r ;λj j (DMU) ; μ n ( ) DMU 0 (DMU) DMU 0 (DMU) (DMU) Banker Charnes Cooper (1) (BCC) [18] BCC CCR ; (2) ; (3) BCC ( ) (DMU) Shephard DMU BCC BCC : DEA ; (5) λj n j=1λj=1 (4) λj 0j=12 n (5) i i=12 m;j j=12 n;r DMU 0 ; (4) μ μ =1 (DMU) DEA DMU BCC (DMU) DEA ; 38
μ <1 (DMU) DEA μ ; 40% (2) (2009 ) ( ) BCC (DMU) 31 ; :S=P 1 /(P 2+P 3+P 4 ) : S=2P 1 /(P 2+P 3+ +P 11 ) (DMU) 8 2 1 BCC BCC : 1. 输出指标 : 城镇吸纳农村劳动力的能力 2010 ; 2009 1 ( ) (3) (2009 ) : 2010 2. 输入指标 : 城镇化模式 城镇化水平 产业结构分布 (1) DEA (2010) 50 50 ~100 100 ~300 40% 70% :S=P 1 /P 2 2010 (4) 1 300 ~1000 ; 1 1000 ; 1 1 50 70% 2010 ; 1 1 ; 39
1 U (UPR) (PU ) Ia Ib I3 N deap2.1 2 BCC ( ) BCC : 2 1 1 1-1 1 1-1 1 1-1 1 1-0.718 1 0.718 0.466 1 0.466 0.447 1 0.447 0.284 1 0.284 0.256 1 0.256 0.226 1 0.226 0.209 0.672 0.311 0.145 1 0.145 0.14 1 0.14 0.138 1 0.138 0.135 1 0.135 0.131 1 0.131 0.119 0.46 0.258 0.117 1 0.117 0.114 1 0.114 0.111 1 0.111 0.097 1 0.097 0.095 1 0.095 40
0.086 0.194 0.442 0.069 0.193 0.355 0.069 1 0.069 0.062 1 0.062 0.052 0.122 0.429 0.048 1 0.048 0.03 0.03 1 0.015 1 0.015 0.012 0.015 0.806 0.271 0.829 0.368-1. 从城镇吸纳农村劳动力效率看 浙江 广东两省属于高水平相对效率最优 西藏 新疆两个自治区属于低水平相对效率最优 (2) BCC ( ) DEA 2009 100% DEA 2009 : 2009 (3) 105.19 127.75 31 DEA ( ) ; 2009 2. 云南 广西 湖南 陕西 吉林 黑龙 10.42 0.11 江 海南等省 ( 自治区 ) 城镇吸纳农村劳动力的 技术效率不足 (1) 41
400 (2009 :61.3% 54.5% 48% 45.7% 46.3% 52.4%) ( ) 3. 大部分省份城镇吸纳农村劳动力处于规 模报酬递增阶段 31 ( ) DEA DEA 3 3 ; 42
BCC deap2.1 4 : 4 1.000 1.000 1.000-1.000 1.000 1.000-0.564 1.000 0.564 0.497 1.000 0.497 0.303 1.000 0.303 0.148 1.000 0.148 0.177 1.000 0.177 0.930 1.000 0.930 BCC : 1. 珠三角 长三角经济区域城镇吸纳农村 劳动力达到相对效率最优 2009 189.71 179.53 BCC 2. 新藏经济区域城镇吸纳农村劳动力处于 低水平状态 0.930 2009 ; 43
3. 东北经济区域与陕甘宁青经济区域城镇吸纳农村劳动力效率较低 0.177 0.148 ; : (1) ;(2) ( ) : ( ) ( ) ( ) ; (1) ; (2) ( ) 44
(3) ( ) 0.271 0.577 (4) : ; ; 400 ; (5) [1] : 1999 (10) [2] : 2007 (3) [3][13][16] Kevin HonglinZHANGShunfengSONG. Rural-urban MigrationandUrbanizationinChina: Evidencefrom Time-seriesandCross-sectionAnalyses.China Economic Review200314 (4):386-400. [4] : 200819 (6) [5] : 2005 (9) 45
[6] : 2005 (8) [7] : 200622 (4) [8] : 2010 (6) [9] : ( ) 2004 (3) [10] : 2008 (6) [11] : 1999 (9) [12] : 2003 (7) [14] AuChun-ChungandJ.VernonHenderson. AreChineseCitiesTooSmal.Review of EconomicStud- ies200673 (3):549-576. [15] : 2003 (6) [17] CharnesA.CooperW.W.andE.Rhodes. MeasuringtheEficiencyofDecision MakingUnits.Eu- ropean Journalof OperationalResearch19782 (6):429-444. [18] BankerR.D.CharnesA.& W.W.Cooper. SomeModelsforEstimatingTechnicalandScaleEficien- ciesindataenvelopmentanalysis.managementscience198430 (9). UrbanizationIndustrialStructureandRuralLaborTransfer AbsorptionEfficiency ZENG Xiang-quan 1 CHEN Li-wen 2 YANG Yu-mei 3 (1.SchoolofLaborandHumanResourceRenminUniversityofChinaBeijing100872; 2.MooreSchoolofBusinessUniversityofSouthCarolinaColumbiaSC29208USA; 3.SchoolofEconomicsand ManagementBeijingForestryUniversityBeijing100083) Abstract:InthispaperDataEnvelopmentAnalysis(DEA)isusedtoestimatehow welchina sur- banareasabsorbmigrantworkersundertheinteractionofurbanizationandindustrialization.anout- put-orientedbcc modelisappliedtoevaluatingprovincialandregionalrurallaborabsorptioneficiency in mainlandchina.itisrevealedthat4outof31provincesandmunicipalsareeficientinabsorbingmi- grantworkerswhereas2outof8economicregionsareeficientinthisregard.comparedwithwestern andnorthernchinaurbanlaborabsorptioneficiencyishigherinthesouthernandeasternpartsofthe country.itissuggestedthatdiferenturbanization paternsandindustrialdevelopmentstrategies shouldbeadoptedindiferenteconomicareassoastoenhancelaborabsorptionabilityintheseareas. UrbanareasinmanypartsofChinastilhavepotentialtoaccommodateruralmigrantworkers.Thein- ter-regionalflowofproductionfactorswouldafecturbanlaborabsorptioneficiency. Keywords:rurallaborabsorptioninurbanareas;urbanization;industrystructure ( ) 46