* 1961 1963 1 2 3 4 5 1958 1965 200433 chen_xi@ fudan. edu. cn * 2015M570320 1 2 3 4 2000 4 2001 6 1999 1 1999 5 5 1961 1963 2003 2007 7 140
1 2 3 4 5 20 50 20 6 20 50 1957 200 7 1958 11 11 8 9 1958 3 100 5 194 2 000 瑏瑠 2 000 1 104 53% 瑏瑡 1957 9 949 1960 13 073 3 000 1957 15% 1960 20% 瑏瑢 1957 211. 78 1960 285. 95 74. 17 瑏瑣 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 瑏瑠 瑏瑡 瑏瑢 瑏瑣 1987 143 1957 1965 2008 4 1961 1963 2009 2 1994 2003 2002 3 2005 2009 314 1984 344 1990 49 2009 18 130 1949 2004 2005 1958 1959 12 1996 359 360 1949 2008 2010 1949 2004 2005 141
2016 2 1 1957 1958 1959 1960 1. 973 989 1 300 956 1 284 769 1 253 589 2. 70 953 112 184 121 492 121 291 3. 4 155 13857 19 599 21 976 4. 85 364 141 194 125 687 123 494 5. 228 534 207 241 210 776 206 647 6. 41 651 45 035 50 813 54 759 7. 135 297 127 087 138 889 164 324 8. 14 931 12 470 9 222 8 697 9. 85 641 70 215 71 801 64 501 1 640 515 2 0302 39 2 033 048 2 019 278 1957 1960 1961 B127 1 696 1958 38. 97 32. 69 5. 58 4. 12 1 1957 7. 46 1958 32. 21 24. 86 3. 71 2 1956 1960 2 026 1 611 3 1960 10 471 147 324 4 70% 20% 10% 70% 5 4 1958 6 1958 800 7 1 1957 1960 1961 B127 1 696 2 1957 1960 1961 B127 1 696 3 21 1 040 081 4 1960 11 17 028 2 2604 2 22 5 1960 2 5 B168 1 140 1 6 1959 3 6 B168 1 892 61 7 1958 1959 12 358 142
456. 1 1 1960 2 870 1957 26. 4% 1951 1957 2 940 1959 2 052 1960 1 646 1957 409 1959 366 1960 264 2 1958 1957 9 949 1960 1. 3 1957 15% 1960 20% 3 1958 2. 37 2. 52 / 6. 33% 2. 72 / 14. 77% 1958 7 3 23. 68 27. 8 85. 15% 6 4 4 1960 9 2 5 1960 2 1959 1960 32. 01 1960 1959 4 12 6 16 5 4 000 400 6 4 6 2 1957 1962 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 5 28. 40 30. 71 32. 01 27. 99 27. 79 27. 52 1. 24. 45 24. 71 25. 28 26. 07 26. 12 26. 02 2. 0. 46 1. 64 2. 05 1. 17 0. 67 0. 50 3. 2. 87 3. 42 3. 51 0. 75 1. 00 1. 00 4. 0. 62 0. 94 1. 17 1962 7 15 B135 1 982 9 1960 11 4 1 2 3 4 1959 5 2 B135 1 573 1 5 1960 9 7 6 2007 7 2009 197 1949 2009 2009 175 13 565 570 1956 1965 2001 46 143
2016 2 3 2 000 1 1961 5 6 1960 1. 29 3 2 000 1961 1 000 1962 800 1963 2 1961 1963 3 5. 3 3 8. 3 10 20% 50% 3 4 4 300 1 2 3 144 3 1995 161 1988 116 1962 6 7 028 2 3334 18 91 4 1962 2 26 042 2 2319 12 29
1 2 1962 4 8 23 11 3 4 5 68 49 6 7 1962 5 8 81 42 21 60 3 /4 21 1 1961 7 17 028 2 3326 1 1 2 1962 4 5 B76 3 909 59 3 1962 4 25 028 2 3334 4 019 4 1961 7 17 028 2 3326 1 1 5 1961 7 17 028 2 3326 1 1 6 1962 42 2 2319 11 26 7 4 24 1962 4 30 028 2 3334 6 32 8 1962 5 9 028 2 3334 7 39 145
2016 2 8 1962 7 40 59. 44 1 1962 9 12 1962 91 28 30% 2 3 1961 1960 1961 1 4 30 5 1961 105 24 14 6 7 1 1962 9 10 42 2 2319 1 22 2 1962 11 A62 1 14 3 1963 7 30 A69 2 165 25 4 5 6 146 1988 108 1 1962 4 5 A62 2 17 1955 85 87 7 18 1961 11 11 A62 2 14
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1962 6 35 105 8 9 1 1962 11 A62 1 14 2 18 1961 11 11 A62 2 14 3 1961 9 19 GF0010 26 0026 4 9 1962 5 12 A62 2 17 5 1962 11 A62 1 14 6 1962 11 A62 1 14 7 1963 8 6 A69 2 165 38 8 1962 6 20 A62 1 15 9 1962 4 8 A62 1 14 147
2016 2 1961 1 1961 7 6 2. 6 1961 8 9 490 18 2 18 4 1961 4 17 30 25 3 4 5 1961 1958 1960 1961 1 1961 7 14 A72 2 956 2 3 2 106 54 4 1962 6 24 A62 1 14 5 1961 7 3 B127 2 106 54 148 17 1961 10 27 A62 2 14 1961 7 3 B127
1 1961 7 7 0. 39 8 6. 94 9 6. 15 10 2. 73 8 9 20 7 10 16. 22 8. 63 3. 11 2. 26 2. 21 10. 65 65. 66% 10 11 1. 28 0. 14 0. 19 0. 36 0. 67 2 17. 49 20 3 4 17 1. 2 9 453 54 5 1. 5 1961 24. 10 10. 57 13. 53 6 1962 4 7 1962 4 1 5 15 10 833 1 1962 4 12 042 2 2319 7 15 2 20 1961 12 9 A62 2 14 3 88 4 1961 10 17 B105 7 1116 24 5 1962 C21 2 1846 71 6 1962 3 16 A62 1 10 7 1962 4 8 A62 1 14 149
2016 2 3 038 6 926 47% 1 4 5 1962 186. 94 1961 206. 14 19. 20 2. 70 4 576 2 333 1962 21. 21 2 57. 42 45. 13 12. 29 33. 49 1961 1962 34. 3 21 1958 12. 9 3 31. 07 1961 264. 40 1962 233. 33 4 1958 1 5 1962 1958 6 50 3 200 10 60% 10 72. 9% 7 1958 1963 1963 8 9 1958 1 瑏瑠 1 5 6 1963 2 3 A69 2 165 7 1963 2 3 A69 2 165 1 8 1963 6 7 9 1963 9 29 028 2 254 6 70 瑏瑠 1963 2 3 A69 2 165 1 150 1962 5 1 B112 1 267 2 1962 1963 1 22 B127 1 748 3 1970 11 B127 3 121 4 1949 2000 2001 46 47 1961 8 18 GF0010 26 0026 A69 2 165 12
1963 80% 1 11 15 13 2 3 1957 176 1961 208 1958 12 3. 7 4 1963 2 000 3 000 6 9 20 619 6 554 5 1 7 12. 27 2. 23 10. 04 7. 4 6 18. 38 5. 09 13. 29 13. 06 0. 23 7 1963 7 6 8 1961 1963 2 546 1 641 67% 9 1961 1963 7 69. 86 1861 24. 10 1962 33. 49 1963 12. 27 1963 7 瑏瑠 1 1963 3 12 028 2 154 2 2 1963 028 2 254 6 70 3 1960 1964 11 11 042 2 1639 22 127 4 1963 8 18 A69 2 165 45 5 1963 8 6 A69 2 165 38 6 1963 1 7 1963 8 28 A69 2 165 42 7 1964 3 7 A62 1 27 8 16 1997 552 9 1990 132 瑏瑠 1963 1 7 1963 8 28 A69 2 165 42 151
2016 2 1962 698. 7 1957 688. 2 10. 6 1 1958 1963 75. 2 2 64. 7 1957 634. 3 1962 636 1. 7 68. 3 66. 6 20 50 1963 3 4 4 3 5 1 2 1958 1962 30. 64 21. 74 20. 21 17. 34 18. 32 1963 8 18 3 1961 6 16 1962 5 27 4 2000 317 5 1989 314 1953 1954 1957 1959 1954 152 1963 2 3 A69 2 165 1 A69 2 165 45
1 1958 1966 10 3 2 1967 1 000 3 3 The Urban-Rural Migration in China Caused by the Great Leap Forward Case studies in Shanghai Chen Xi Abstract During the Great Leap Forward movement and the following years more than 20 million people have moved from rural to urban then return back. Shanghai suspended the previous policies of strictly controlling of urban population growth and then a large number of farmers living nearby counties and neighboring provinces flew into the downtown area. However a lot of people returned back rural after the uncharitable retrenchment policies issued. By the archives of Shanghai this article found that different stakeholders including enterprises workers farmers local government and others held significant different attitudes to the retrenchment policies for the sake of their own interests and this demonstrated the diversity and complexity of this historical event. By a referendum of political mobilization Shanghai Municipal Government had mobilized a large number of employees back to rural areas during 1961-1963 and ultimately made its population size back to the level before the Great Leap Forward. This is the largest population circulation in the planned economy period China. Since then urban-rural migration had been controlled unprecedented grimly the Great Leap Forward has also become a watershed in the history of population movement in contemporary China. Key Words Great Leap Forward Migration Recruitment Retrenchment Policies 1 1962 8 9 1996 4 10 2 1975 8 B127 4 77 1 3 1975 8 B127 4 77 1 153