40 9 2015 9 GeomaticsandInformationScienceofWuhanUniversity Vol.40No.9 Sept.2015 DOI:10.13203/j.whugis20130683 :1671-8860(2015)09-01274-05 1 1 2 1 430079 2 430079 tentvtec) VTEC 2008~2012 VTEC 2013 4 18~20 5d : ; ; ; :P228 :A : (globalionospheremapgim) (verticaltotalelectroncon- 2013 4 5 ~22 (vertical totalelectroncontentvtec) [1-5] [2] (to- 2008~2012 talelectroncontenttec) VTEC 1 3 4 [2] TEC TEC(VTEC) [3] 1999~2002 Ms5.0 80% 1~5dTEC ; [4] VTEC IGS 1993~2002 M 5.9 2h 2~7dTEC ; [5] 2002 5 2.5 0.1 ~2010 736 M 6.0 TECU(1TECU= 10 16 /m 2 ) VTEC TEC 1TECU UTC [6] VTEC 15 min TEC 18d(4 5 ~22 ) 2013-04-20-T00:00:02UTC VTEC [7] Ms7.0 (30.3 N 1 VTEC IGS IONEX R=10 0.43M (M R 103.0 E) 13km km) (globalionospheremapgim) 1023km GIM :2013-11-13 : 863 (2012AA12A209); (4130400741374033); (121103) : E-mail:csumyf2008@126.com
40 9 : 1275 VTEC VTEC 3 [3] (30 N100 E) VTEC VTEC 15d 3 VTEC VTEC (IQR) 2 (M) M ±1.5IQR 4 5 M VTEC VTEC VTEC ; 4 1.5 2 6~8 4 18~20 95% VTEC VTEC 2h [3] 2 2.1 2 (30 N105 E) VTEC Fig.2 VTEC Variationsover(30 N105 E) 2013 4 4 5 11 12 22 M ; 4 3 (30 N100 E) VTEC 14 ( 1) Fig.3 VTEC Variationsover(30 N100 E) 1 Dst Kp ;4 15~16 4 18~20 VTEC 4 18~20 VTEC 4 4 y TECU/15 4 VTEC 2 3 VTEC 4 5~7 14~15 4 18~20 VTEC VTEC ( ) VTEC [8-9] 4 VTEC 2 3 Fig.1 VariationsofDstIndicesandKpIndices VTEC VTEC 2.2 VTEC [9] 2 3 2 (30 N105 VTEC E) VTEC VTEC 2008~2012 VTEC VTEC 5 2008~2013 4 5~22 VTEC 3 4 5~8 VTEC ( ) 5 2013 4 18~20 2008~2012 5a
1276 2015 9 4 VTEC Fig.4 VariationsofVTEC Gradients 5 2008~2013 Fig.5 AnomalyDaysDuring2008to2013 105 E 2010~2012 2013 4 5 ~8 14 2010 4 5~6 2011 4 6 6 14LT 105 E VTEC VTEC 15d 2013 4 18~20 VTEC 4 VTEC VTEC 6 4 15~16 2.3 4 18~20 2.2 VTEC ; 4 15 16 18 20 15 ~20 F 2 VTEC 6 105 E VTEC Fig.6 VariationsofVTECin105 E
40 9 : 1277 [10] 2001~2007 150 M 5.0 TEC 2013 4 18~20 105 E [11-12] 2004 12 26 2005 12 26 4 15~16 18~ 20 ; 4 15 16 18 20 [13] VTEC 105 E 14LT GIM [15] 1998~2012 56 M 6.0 2~9d TEC 0~1d VTEC 3 [14] [1] MengYangWangZeminEDongchen.Ionopsher- F 2 ictec AnomaliesofPre-earthquakeBasedonGPS TEC Data[J].Geomaticsand Information Scienceof Wuhan University200833(1):81-84( O 2 N 2. GPS F 2 O + TEC [J]. 200833(1):81-84) ; [2] LiuJYChenYIChuoYJetal.Variationsof IonosphericTotalElectronContentDuringtheChi- TEC ChiEarthquake[J].GeophysicalResearch Leters 200128(7):1383-1386 VTEC [3] LiuJYChuoYJShanSJetal.Pre-earthquake Ionospheric Anomalies Registered by Continuous VTEC GPSTEC Measurements[J].AnnalesGeophysicae 200422(5):1585-1593 [4] SarosoSLiuJYHatoriKetal.Ionospheric GPSTEC Anomaliesand M 5.9Earthquakesin IndonesiaDuring1993-2002[J].TerrestrialAt- mosphericand OceanicSciences200819(5):481- GIM VTEC 488 [5] Le HLiuJYLiuL.A StatisticalAnalysisof 2013 4 18~20 IonosphericAnomaliesBefore736 M6.0+ Earth- VTEC quakesduring2002-2010[j].j GeophysRes2011 DOI:10.1029/2010JA015781 VTEC [6] Pulinets S.Low-Latitude Atmosphere-Ionosphere EfectsInitiatedbyStrongEarthquakesPreparation 2008~2012 VTEC Process[J].GeophysicalJournalInternational
1278 2015 9 2012DOI:10.1155/2012/131842 20066(5):817-823 [7] DobrovolskyIPZubkovSIMiachkinVI.Esti- mationofthesizeofearthquakepreparationzones [J].Pureand Applied Geophysics1979117(5): 1025-1044 [8] PulinetsS AKotsarenko A NCiraoloLetal. SpecialCaseofIonospheric Day-to-Day Variability Associated with EarthquakePreparation[J].Ad- vancesin Space Research200739(5):970-977 [9] SuY CLiuJYChenSPetal.Temporaland Spatial Precursorsin Ionospheric Total Electron Contentofthe16 October1999 Mw7.1 Hector MineEarthquake[J].Journalof GeophysicalRe- search:space Physics2013118Doi:10.1002/ jgra.50586 [10]LiuJYChenC HChenYIetal.AStatistical StudyofIonosphericEarthquakePrecursors Moni- toredby Using EquatorialIonization Anomaly of GPSTECinTaiwanduring2001-2007[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences201039(1):76-80 [11]ZakharenkovaIEKrankowskiAShagimuratovI I.ModificationoftheLow-latitudeIonospherebe- forethe26 December2004Indonesian Earthquake [J].Natural Hazardsand Earth System Science [12]ZakharenkovaIEShagimuratovIITepenitzinaN Yetal.AnomalousModificationoftheIonospher- ictotalelectroncontentpriortothe26september 2005PeruEarthquake[J].Journalof Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics200870 (15): 1919-1928 [13]PulinetsSABondurV GTsidilina M Netal. Verification ofthe Concept of Seismoionospheric Coupling Under Quiet Heliogeomagnetic Condi- tionsusingthe Wenchuan (China)Earthquakeof May122008AsAnExample[J].Geomagnetism and Aeronomy201050(2):231-242 [14]NamgaladzeA AKlimenko M VKlimenkoV V etal.physicalmechanismand MathematicalModel- ingofearthquakeionosphericprecursorsregistered in TotalElectron Content[J].Geomagnetism and Aeronomy200949(2):252-262 [15]LiuJYChenC HTsaiH Fetal.AStatistical StudyonSeismo-IonosphericAnomaliesoftheTotal Electron Contentforthe Period of56 M 6.0 EarthquakesOccurringin Chinaduring1998-2012 [J].ChineseJournalof SpaceScience201333 (3):258-269 AnalysisofSeismo-ionosphericAnomaliesinVerticalTotal ElectronContentofGIMforLushanEarthquake MA Yifang 1 JIANG Weiping 1 XI Ruijie 2 1 ResearchCenterofGNSSWuhanUniversityWuhan430079China 2 SchoolofGeodesyandGeomaticsWuhanUniversityWuhan430079China Abstract:Inthispaperweanalysedtheseismo-ionosphericanomaliesoftheverticaltotaleletroncon- tentextractedfrom aglobalionosphere mapduringthelushanearthquakebyadoptingaquartile- basedmethod.toconfirm whethertheionosphericanomaliesassociatedwiththeearthquakevtec gradientsintheeastwardandnorthwarddirectionsneartheepicenter werefurtherexaminedand VTECdataduringthesameperiodin2008-2012werecross-compared.Theresultsshowthattheneg- ativeanomaliesduring18to20aprilareprobablycausedbylushanearthquake.analysisofequatori- alanomalynearepicentershowsthatthecrestssignificantlydecreasedfivedaysbeforetheearth- quakeandmovedtomagneticequator.combiningionosphericnegativeanomalieswiththemodifica- tionoftheequatorialanomalywefindthattheanomalouselectricfieldgeneratedintheearthquake preparationmightbeamaincauseoftheobservedionosphericanomalies. Keywords:Lushanearthquake;ionosphericanomaly;equatorialanomaly;globalionosphere map; seismo-ionospheric Firstauthor:MA Yifangpostgraduatespecializesinionosphericmodelingandapplication.E-mail:csumyf2008@126.com Foundationsupport:TheNational863ProgramofChinaNo2012AA12A209;theNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChinaNos. 4130400741374033;FundamentalResearchFundsfortheCentralUniversitiesNo.121103.