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1 A abacus absence, absolute maximum absolute minimum absolute value abstraction ( ) absurdity acceleration, access accounting, accurate to one hundredth accurate value actual range acute angle acute-angled triangle acute triangle addition addition formula addition method addition of sets addition of vectors addition principle addition rule addition sign addition system addition table addition term by term addition theorem additional condition additional term adjacent, adjacent angle adjacent continuous fraction adjacent edge, adjacent face

2 adjacent point adjacent side adjacent small side ( ) adjacent vertex adjoining, adjoining angle advanced mathematics affirmation, affirmative affirmative acknowledgment affirmative proposition age distribution algebra, algebraic addition formula algebraic addition theorem algebraic coding theory algebraic curve of order one algebraic curve of order two algebraic equation algebraic equivalence algebraic expression algebraic fraction, algebraic function algebraic geometry ( ) algebraic method for solution algebraic number theory algebraic polynomial algebraic property algebraic relation algebraic representation algebraic root algebraic sum algebraic symbol algebraic system algebraic value algebraically equivalence algebraically irreducible

3 algebraist algebraization algorism, ( ) algorithm algorithm of division, ( ) aliquot,, aliquot divisor, aliquot part aliquot ratio alphabet alphabetic code alphabetic coding alphabetic order alphabetically alternance alternant alternate, alternate angles alternate exterior angles alternate interior angles altitude, altitude line altitude of a cone ( ) altitude of a tetrahedron ( ) altitude of a triangle ( ) altitude theorem ambiguous point ambiguous point theorem amicable numbers amount,, amplification amplitude,, amplitude of an oscillation analytic(al), analytic geometry ( ) analytic theory of numbers analytic vector

4 analytics angle angle at center angle at circumference angle between two circles angle between two edges angle between two planes angle between two straight lines angle-bisector angle constant angle degree angle hook angle of circumference angle of contingence ( ) angle of depression angle of elevation angle of intersection angle of position angle of rotation angular, angular bisector angular boundary point angular degree ( 60 ) angular metric annular annular domain annular region annulus anticlockwise direction anticlockwise revolution antithesis antithetic(al),, antithetic events, antitone antitrigonometric function apex apex angle

5 apical angle Apollonius theorem aporia apothem Appell equation Appell function application program application software applied mathematics appreciation, approach,,, approximate approximate calculation approximate solution approximate value Arabic ciphers Arabic number system Arabic numerals Arabic system of notation arbitrarily great arbitrarily small arbitrary arbitrary constant arc ( " ") arc degree arc length arc length of a curve arc of a circle arc-sine arc-sine law arc tangent arc triangle arc-trigonometric function arch Archimedean axiom Archimedean body ( ) area

6 area formula area method area of a circle area of a planar figure area of a polygon area of a rectangle area of a sphere area of a surface area of a trapezium area of a triangle area of an ellipse area theorem argument domain arithmetic arithmetic average arithmetic difference arithmetic division arithmetic expression ( ) arithmetic formula arithmetic fraction arithmetic fundamental theorem arithmetic-geometric mean arithmetic-geometric progression arithmetic-geometric sequence arithmetic-geometric series arithmetic mean,, arithmetic-mean geometric-mean inequality arithmetic number arithmetic operation arithmetic operator arithmetic problem arithmetic progression, arithmetic proportion arithmetic quotient arithmetic root arithmetic sequence, arithmetic series, " "

7 arithmetic sign arithmetic sum arithmetically equivalent arithmetico-harmonic mean arm arm of an angle arrangement, arrangement in ascending powers arrangement in descending powers arrangement problem, arrangement with repetitions array, array by squares arris arrival time arrow,, arrow diagram arrow-head ascendant,, ascendant continued fraction ascending,, ascending powers ascending sequence, ascending series, ascent, ascent direction associative law associative law of addition associative law of multiplication assumed assumption ast(e)roid [ ] astroid astronomy asymmetric(al) asymmetric graph asymmetric relation

8 asymmetry asymmetry coefficient asymptote asymptote of a curve asymptote of a quadric curve asymptotic center asymptotic circle asymptotic fraction asymptotic line asymptotic plane asymptotic point asymptotic value at most augend auxiliary auxiliary calculation auxiliary circle auxiliary construction auxiliary line auxiliary symbol average ( ) average absolute value average error average value averaging averaging method axes (axis ) axial coordinates ( ) axial plane axial symmetry axiom ( " ") axiom of inequality axiom of parallels axis axis of a conic axis of abscissas ( ) axis of applicates ( )

9 axis of coordinates axis of imaginaries axis of ordinates ( ) axis of reals axis of revolution axis of rotation axis of similarity axis of symmetry axisymmetric axisymmetric problem axoid B balance, balance condition balanced, balanced die ball, ball-arithmetic band, band chart band width bar, bar chart bar graph barycenter barycentric barycentric coordinate system base angle base circle, base number base of a cone base of a cylinder base of a polyhedron base of a power base of a prism base of a pyramid

10 base of a trapezium base of a triangle base of logarithm base of natural logarithms base period base point base term basic algebraic operation basic arithmetic operation basic construction problem basic operation basic operator basic units bell-shaped bell-shaped curve bell-shaped distribution belong to bend bend point bending bending line bending point bending surface best best approximate solution best approximation best estimate bet betweenness bicircle bijection, bijective, bijective function, bijective mapping, binary,, binary addition

11 binary algebraic operation binary arithmetic binary bit binary code binary logarithm 2 binary notation binary number binary number system binary numeration binary operation binary place binary point binary quadratic equation binary representation binary scale binary system binary-to-decimal conversion binary unit binomial, binomial array,, binomial coefficients binomial curve binomial distribution binomial equation binomial expansion binomial formula binomial polynomial binomial series binomial theorem bipartition birth rate birth statistics bisected chords bisecting bisecting line bisecting plane

12 bisecting point, bisection, bisector, bisector of a dihedral angle bisector of a triangle bisector of an angle bisector plane bisectrix bisectrix of a triangle bisectrix of an angle bit, bitangent, bitangent curve bitangent plane, bitangential curve body of revolution body of rotation border, bottle bottom, bound,, boundary condition boundary line boundary point boundary value ( ) boundary value condition bounded bounded above bounded below boundless box,, box argument box principle brace, bracket, bracket operation

13 bracket polynomial branch branch of a tree branch point branch point of a curve bridge brightness broken bracket broken curve broken diagonal broken line broken number built-up butterfly theorem C calculating rule calculation, calculator calendar cancellation, cancellation law cancellation law for addition cancellation law for multiplication cancelling, cancelling denominator cant, capacity cardinal number cardinality of a set cardioid cardioid curve carry carry digit carry-over, carrying carrying over

14 Cartesian coordinate system Cartesian geometry ( ) cartogram cartography casting casting out, cathetus Cauchy inequality center center circle center of a ball center of a circle center of a conic center of a disk center of a graph center of circumcircle center of gravity center of inversion center of mass center of reflection center of rotation center of symmetry center of volume center point centesimal centesimal fraction centesimal system centile central angle central point central symmetry centre (=center) centrum,, century, certain event chain chance event

15 change in sign, change of base of logarithms change of coordinates change of metrics change of sign, change of variables check, check digit check formula checking checking computations chess board problem chest of drawers argument Chinese Fifteen puzzle Chinese postman problem, Chinese remainder theorem ( " ") choice axiom choice problem chord chord length chord of a circle chord of a conic chord of contact chord theorem chordal distance cipher, ciphertext ciphertext attack ciphertext message space circle, circle geometry ( ) circle of contact ( ) circle of similarity circle property circle quadrangle circle segment triangle circle transformation

16 circuit,, circuit edge circuit graph circulant flow circulant graph circular arc circular body circular cone ( ) circular conical surface circular conoid circular coordinates ( ) circular curve, circular cylinder ( ) circular cylindrical coordinates ( ) circular cylindrical surface circular disc circular geometry ( ) circular measure circular parts circular point,, circular ring circular sector circular segment,, circular truncated cone circulating decimal circum-angle circumcenter circumcircle circumcircle of a triangle circumference, circumradius circumscribed circle circumscribed cone circumscribed polygon circumscribed polyhedron circumscribed prism circumscribed pyramid

17 circumscribed quadrilateral circumscribed sphere circumscribed triangle circumsphere cissoid claim class,, class width classical algebra ( ) classical algebraic geometry ( ) classical concept of probability classification clearing of fractions cleartext clopen set close, closed closed-and-open set closed-and-open subset closed arc closed boundary closed curve closed-open set closed path closed plane closed point closed ray closed region closed set closed subset coangle coarse estimate coaxial coaxial circles coaxial planes

18 coaxial system of circles coded system coding codirection codirectional vectors coefficient coefficient of proportionality cofunction collection of like terms collection of numbers collection of points collection of sets, collinear collinear lines collinear points collinear vectors collision frequency collocation,, colon, coloring coloring of a graph coloring of a node coloring of a vertex coloring of an edge coloring problem column column average column chart column graph column of a matrix column sum column total combination combination analysis combination law combination method

19 combination number combinatorics comma, command, commensurable, commensurable fraction commensurable line segments commensurable magnitudes commensurable quantities commensurable segments common, common chord common denominator common difference common divisor,,, common factor, common fraction, common logarithm common measure,, common multiple, common part, common perpendicular common plane common point common ratio common root common tangent common term commutative law commutative law of addition commutative law of multiplication comparability comparability graph comparability relation comparability theorem comparison, compass

20 compass construction complanar complanar line complement,,, complement angle complement of a number complement of a set complement of a subset complementary angle complementary factor complementary number, complementary set, complete square completeness ( " ") completeness axiom completeness theorem complex coefficient complex conjugate root complex coordinates ( ) complex fraction complex fractional expression complex number complex number plane complex plane componendo componendo and dividend component,, component of a vector component vector composite number composition and division composition factor computation computation error computing rule, computing table concave

21 concave angle, concave polyhedron conchoid concircular conclusion concrete number concurrent, concurrent circles concurrent lines concurrent planes concyclic concyclic points condition condition equation condition inequality conditional probability cone ( ), ( ) cone of the second order cone-point confocal confocal central conics confocal central surfaces confocal cones confocal conic sections confocal conics confocal curves confocal ellipses confocal ellipsoids confocal parabolas confocal paraboloids confocal quadrics confocal surfaces congruence,,,,,,, congruence (in algebra) ( ) congruence (in geometry) ( ) congruence axiom, congruence of angles

22 congruence of figures congruence of segments congruence of tangents congruence of triangles congruence problem congruence theorem congruence theory, congruency,, congruent angles congruent expression congruent figures congruent modulo m m congruent numbers congruent points, congruent polyhedral angles congruent polynomial congruent segments, congruent triangles congruous number conic,,(=conical) conic node conic point conic section, conical curve conicoid conjecture conjugate roots connected graph consecutive consecutive integers consecutive numbers consecutive points consecutive primes consecutive roots consequent conservation consistence

23 consistency ( " "," ") consistency condition constant,,, constant factor constant number constant of proportionality constant quantity constant term, constructibility, constructibility axiom construction, construction problem construction with ruler and compasses consumer price index contact,, contact circle ( ) containing content,, contingency,, continuation, continued fraction, continued fraction approximation continued fraction expansion continued fraction representation continued multiplication continued product continued proportion continued ratio continuous sum contour line, contour map, contradiction, contradictory proposition contrapositive sentence contrapositive theorem convergent convergent almost everywhere

24 convergents convergents of continued fraction converse domain, converse-negative proposition converse of a contrapositive, converse of an implication, converse proposition converse relation converse sentence converse statement converse theorem convex, convex angle, convex figure ( ) convex polygon convex polyhedron coordinate coordinate axis coordinate geometry ( ) coordinate line coordinate of a point coordinate origin coordinate plane coordinate subspace coordinate system coordinate transformation coordinate vector coplanar coplanar lines coplanar vectors corner,, corner point corner polyhedron corollary, correct,, correct to correcting code,

25 corresponding angles corresponding points corresponding segments corresponding sides corresponding term corresponding vertices cosecant cosine cosine formula cosine function cosine theorem cotangent cotangent function countable counterclockwise counterclockwise direction counter-example counting counting constants countless covering, critical behavior critical path critical phenomenon critical point critical value critical vertex ( ) cross, cross cut, cross figure cross multiplication ( ) cross point cross ratio cross section, crossed multiplication crossed product, crossfooting

26 crossing point crosswise, cruciform, cryptanalysis crypto-protocol cryptogram, cryptography crystal cubature formula cube, cube of a number cube root cube root test cubic(al), cubic binary quantic, cubic equation cubic equation with one unknown cubic function cubic lattice cubic number cubic parabola cubic polynomial cubic remainder cubic root cubic sum cuboid curvature curvature of a curve curve curve arc curve of normal distribution curve of second order ( " ") curve of steepest descent curve of the tangent curved, cut line cycloid,

27 cylinder ( ),( ), cylindrical surface cylindroid cypher,, D data data analysis data base data compression data encryption data model data processing decade, decadic number, decagon decagonal number decagram decahedron decile decimal ( ), decimal approximation of a real number decimal arithmetic decimal-binary - decimal-binary conversion - decimal carry decimal computation system decimal digit decimal expansion decimal fraction decimal logarithm, decimal notation decimal number, decimal number system decimal numeration decimal part decimal place decimal point

28 decimal scale decimal system deck ( ), decomposable into factors decomposed prime number decomposition into factors decomposition of a fraction decomposition problem of integers decreasing ( ) decreasing progression, decreasing rate ( ) decreasing sequence decreasing series deduction, deduction reasoning deduction rule deduction theorem deductive method deductive proof deductive reasoning defect,, defect number defective defective number defective unit deferent deficient number, deficit, defined value definite integral definition definitional domain degenerate case degenerate conic degenerate conic sections degenerate surface of the second order degree,,,,

29 degree (measure of an angle) ( ) degree measure ( ) degree of a polynomial degree of an angle degree of an equation degree of freedom degree of precision degree of stability degree relation degression, delay deletion ( ), delicate, deltoid, demand demand curve demiarc demonstration denary, denary logarithm 10, denary scale denial denominate number denomination, denominator denominator divisor density, density estimator density function density of a distribution density of a set denumerability denumerable denumerable number denumerant denumeration, departure,

30 depreciation,, depression, depth derangement, derivation,, derivative, derivative formula derivative of order n n descendant, descending,, descending continued fraction descending induction descending order of power descending power series descending powers descending sequence descending series, descent descent method descriptive, descriptive geometry ( ) design desired value determinacy determinacy axiom determinant determinant of the coefficients determinant rank determinantal divisor determinantal equation determinantal expansion determinantal polynomial determinantal representation determinating condition determination, development, deviation,,

31 deviation from an estimate deviation from the mean dextral set diagonal,, diagonal line diagonal of a polygon diagonal of a polyhedron diagonal plane diagonal point diagonal principle diagonal sum diagonal term diagonal triangle diagram,,, diagram method diameter diameter of a circle diameter of a conic diameter of a sphere diametric line diametric plane diametric surface diamond, dib dictionary order didactics of mathematics die difference of partial sums difference of sets difference proportion, different from zero differential differential equation differential quotient, digit,, ( ) digit positional digital

32 digital addition digital arithmetic digital system dilatation ratio dilated maximum principle dilation dimension number dimension of a polyhedron dimension of a space dimidiate diminution dinominator ( ) dioctahedron Diophantine equation, dip angle diploid, direct computation direct cone direct correlation direct correspondence, direct count direct counting direct method direct multiplication direct proportion, direct proportionality direct ratio direct theorem directed angle directed arc directed complete graph directed distance directed graph directed line directed line segment directed path ( ) directed plane

33 directed quantity directed segment directed tetrahedron direction direction angle direction vector directional directly proportional directory directrix directrix of a conic directrix of a conical surface directrix of a cylindrical surface disc disconnected disconnected graph discontinuity line, discount discount rate discourse, discrepancy, discrepancy of an approximation discrete discriminant, discriminant analysis discriminant equation discriminant form discriminant of a polynomial discriminant of a polynomial in one unknown discriminant of a quadratic curve discriminant of a quadratic equation discriminant of a quadratic form [ ] discriminant of an elliptic curve disintegration,, disjoint events, disjoint family disjoint subsets

34 disk disorder displacement displacement method displacement vector disproportion dissection, dissimilar, dissimilar fractions dissimilar terms dissolution of brackets dissymmetry distance distance axioms distance circle distance constant distance function distance geometry ( ) distance in a space distance in the mean, distance of parallelism distinct roots distorted,, distributing distribution curve distribution density distribution of prime numbers distribution problem distribution proportion distributive law diversity divide divide externally divide internally dividend dividendo dividing,

35 divina proportio divisibility, divisibility condition divisibility criterion divisible, division, division-free division in extreme and mean ratio division of a line segment division of polynomials division problem division sign division theorem division with a remainder divisor,,,,, divisor of a number,, divisor of a polynomial divisor of an integer divisor problem dodecagon dodecagram dodecahedral dodecahedron domain,, domino domino problem donkey bridge theorem dot dot chart dot diagram dot product, double-angle formula double arrow double cone double root doubling, doubling the cube

36 downward concave downward convex drawer principle drawing dual, dual figures dual formula dual fraction dual point dual principle dual proposition dual relation duodecagon duodecahedron duodecimal duodecimal arithmetic duodecimal digit duodecimal fraction duodecimal notation duodecimal system of numbers duodenary duotricenary number notation duplication, duplication formula,, duplication of a cube ( ), dyadic fraction dyadic multiplication dyadic number system dyadic system E eccentric angle eccentricity economico-mathematical model economics edge, edge angle

37 edge length edge of a polyhedron edge of a prism elation element ( ) element of a set elemental elemental form elemental term elementarily equivalent elementarity, elementary algebra ( ) elementary arithmetic elementary formula elementary function elementary geometry ( ) elementary theory of numbers elementary unit elements of a theory elements of analysis Elements of Euclid 里 elements of geometry elements of mathematics elevation, eliminate elimination by addition and subtraction elimination by comparison elimination by substitution elimination (method), elimination of an unknown ellipse ellipsograph ellipsoid, elliptic(al) ( ) elliptic barrel elliptic capacity elliptic compass

38 elliptic cone elliptic cylinder ( ) elliptic function elliptic orbit elliptic-parabola elongation empty empty event empty set encipher enciphering encipherment encodable encoder encoding encoding theorem end of an arc end point end segment, end vertex, enlargement,, enneagon enneahedron enough, entier entire function entire part entire surd, entity, entrance, entrance-exit entry ( ), entry column entry point entry row enumerable, enumerating,

39 enumeration, enumeration principle enumerative technique envelope curve envelope of a family of curves envelope of a family of surfaces epicycloid, equal, equal angles equal events equal figures, equal fractions equal length equal odds, equal path, equal roots equal sign equal to equal triangles equal vectors equality, equality axioms, equality of vectors equality relation equalizing,, equation equation of a circle equation of a curve equation of a plane equation of a straight line equation of a surface equation of higher degree equation of normal equation of straight line equation of tangent equation of the first degree [ ] equation of the fourth degree

40 equation of the second degree equation of the third degree equation soluble by radicals equation with constant coefficients equation with integral coefficients equation with one unknown equation with several unknowns equator equatorial plane equatorial radius equatorial section equatorial surface equi-angled equiangular equiangular polygon equiangular spiral equiangular triangle equianharmonic points equiareal equichordal equidistance equidistant curve equidistant lines equidistant triangle equilateral equilateral cone equilateral cylinder equilateral trapezium equilateral triangle equipollence relation equiresidual number equivalence ( ) Eratosthenes sieve method erection,, ergodic 歷 error,, error correcting

41 error estimate error of estimation error of mean escenter escenter of a triangle escribed escribed angle escribed circle escribed sphere estimate ( ), estimation, Euclid algorithm 里, Euclid axiom 里 Euclid fifth postulate 里 Euclidean plane 里 Euclidean polyhedron 里 Euler angles Euler circle Euler diagram Euler formula Euler graph Euler line Euler theorem evaluator even integer even number even-odd even perfect number, even permutation, even point even polynomial ( ) even power event event-advance simulator event commutativity evolute evolute of a curve

42 evolution,, evolvent exact,,, exact divisibility exactly divisible examination,, example excenter exception exchange, exchange axiom exchange property exchange theorem exchangeability exchangeable excircle exclusion, exclusion principle exclusive, exclusive events exercise, exhaustion method exhaustive search existence ( ) existence and uniqueness theorem existence axiom existence condition existence proof existence theorem for roots exit expand expandability, expandable expanded expanded form expanded polynomial expansion,,

43 expansion of a fraction expansion of a function expectation expectation value expense, experiment,, experimental,, experimental analysis experimental design, experimental error experimental formula experimental geometry ( ) explanation explement of angle, 360 explication, explicit equation explicit expression exploratory procedure exploratory survey explosion exponent exponent extension exponent notation exponent of a power exponential formula exponential law exponentiation, expression ( ) expression form expression of partial fraction expression of relation exradius ex-space exsphere extension,, extension axiom extensional

44 extensional definition extensional nature exterior, exterior alternate angles exterior angle exterior angle of the same side exterior area theorem exterior bisector exterior-interior angles exterior opposite angles exterior point external angle external bisector external common tangent external contact external division external point external product external tangency external tangent external terms extra,, extraction, extraction of cubic root extraction of root, extraction of square root extraneous root extrapolation method extremal,, extremal point, extremal principle extremal problem extremal value extremalization extreme and mean ratio extreme term extreme terms of proportion

45 extreme value extreme-value distribution extremum extremum problem F face face angle face of a polyhedron facility factor,,,,, factor analysis factor congruence factor theorem, factorability factorable, factorable method factored factorial, factorial coefficient, factorial polynomial factoring factoring method factorizability factorizable factorization,, factorization equation factorization identity factorization method factorization of polynomials factorizing fail,, failure,, fair, fair game fair play fall,

46 fall angle fallacy, falling falling tail false false conclusion false image false proposition family family of circles family of curves family of planes family of points family of solutions family of straight lines fan, fast, fault, fault detection favourable favourable case favourable event feasibility feasible, feature,, feed, feedback feedback signal Fermat conjecture Fermat great theorem Fermat last theorem, Fermat little theorem Fermat number Fermat point Fermat prime number Fermat principle Fermat problem

47 Fibonacci numbers Fibonacci rabbit problem Fibonacci sequence Fibonacci series field, field of definition field of directions field of force field of functions field of rational expressions field of rational fractions field of rational numbers field of rationality field of rationals field of real numbers field of values figure, figure in perspective file final,,, final point financial mathematics finding fine,,, fine classification finishing point finitary, finitary mathematics finitary proof finite arithmetic finite asymptotic value finite automaton finite decimal finite field finite graph finite interval finite length

48 finite line finite plane finitely many elements first first Chern class ( ) first derivative first difference first differential first member, first member, first-order difference first-order differential first quadrant first term five centroids of triangle five-digit number fixed decimal point fixed end-point, fixed face fixed length fixed line fixed number fixed origin fixed point,, fixed value fixing flag, flank flanking, flat, flat angle flat graph flection flex flex point flow capacity flow chart

49 flow ratio fluid fluid mechanics focal, focal axis focal chord focal circle focal conic focal cubic focal curve focal distance focal ellipse focal hyperbola focal length focal line focal plane focal point focal property focal radius foci (focus ) focus focus-center focus of a conic focus of a curve focus of a parabola focus of an ellipse focus point fold, folding folioid foot, foot of a perpendicular force form, ( " ") form of degree n n [ ] form of higher degree [ ] format

50 formula formula deduction formula giving roots formula of associativity formula of computation formula of double angles formula of interpolation formula of square formula of summation by parts formulary formulation, formulation of a problem forward foundation foundations of geometry foundations of mathematics four arithmetic operations four-color conjecture four-color problem four-color theorem four fundamental operations four leafed rose fourth proportional fourth quadrant fourth term of proportion fractal fraction, fraction bar, fraction expression fraction in lowest terms, fraction of integers fractional equation ( ) fractional expression fractional inequality fractional number fractional part fractional power

51 fractional unit free, free vertex frequency, frequency curve, frequency diagram, frequency distribution, front front-end front view ( ) frontal, frontal projection frontal projection plane frontier frontier point frustum frustum of a cone, frustum of a pyramid, frustum of a right cone frustum of an oblique cone full angle function, function constant, function of third order function of two variables function term functional analysis functional symbol fundamental concept fundamental construction fundamental theorem of algebra fundamental theorem of arithmetic fuzzy mathematics G Galilean spiral Galois equation

52 Galois theory gamble, gambling theory game, game playing game theory, Gauss equation Gaussian number Gaussian plane G.C.D. general,, general addition theorem general angle general case general formula general principle general proposition general quadric general quadrilateral general solution general term, generalization generalized conjecture generating cone generating curve generating function, generating line generator of a cone generator of a conical surface generator of a cylindrical surface generator of a quadric generatrix,, generic(al),,, generic condition generic curve geometer geometric(al)

53 geometric axiom geometric code geometric construction ( ) geometric figure geometric inequality geometric mean, geometric model geometric proportion geometric series,,, geometric sum geometric theory geometric transformation geometrician geometry ( ) geometry axiom geometry of numbers geometry of planes ( ) geometry of spaces ( ) geometry of spheres ( ) geometry of triangles ( ) girth ( ) girth of a graph given, given quantity gliding globe, goal goal value Godel completeness theorem * Godel incompleteness theorem * Goldbach conjecture golden cuboid golden mean golden ratio, golden rectangle golden rhombohedra golden section

54 golden section method golden section number graceful graph grad, grade,,,,, graduate, grand average grand total graph,, graph coloring graph of a function graph of an equation graph of broken lines graph of direct proportion graph of inverse proportion graph theory graphical example graphical expression graphical scale graphical solution graphics graphs in statistics gravitation theory gravitational constant gravitational field gravity great circle great circular arc great dodecahedron great icosahedron great sphere ( ) great stellated dodecahedron greater than greater than or equal to greater than sign greatest common divisor, greatest common factor,

55 greatest common measure greatest lower bound, Greek mathematics Greek number system gross mean gross weight group, group theory growth curve, growth law guessing, H Hadamard inequality Hadamard theorem half-angle half-axis half-ball half-cycle half-line, half-plane Hamiltonian graph Hamiltonian problem hand computation harmonic average harmonic mean, harmonic number harmonic sequence harmonic series head of an arrow head or tail ( ) heap heat transfer, height ( ) height circle, height line, height of a cone

56 height of a cylinder height of a pyramid height of a rectangle height of a triangle height of an elliptic curve height plane hendecagon hendecahedral hendecahedron heptagon heptagonal number heptahedra (heptahedron ) heptahedron Heron formula Heron triangle hexadecimal digit hexadecimal number hexadecimal number system hexadecimal system hexagon hexagonal number hexagonal prism hexahedron higher algebra ( ) higher derivative higher difference higher differential higher-dimensional space higher geometry ( ) higher-order, highest common factor highest-degree coefficient highest term Hilbert theorem Hindu-Arabic numerals - Hippocrates lunar Hippocrates theorem

57 history of mathematics hitting probability hole, hollow circular cylinder hollow dot homocentric homogeneous expression homogeneous polynomial horizontal horizontal axis, horizontal direction horizontal plane horizontal position hour, hundred hundred place hyperbola hyperbolic conchoid hyperbolic constant hyperbolic coordinate system hyperbolic coordinats hyperbolic paraboloid hyperbolic plane hyperboloid hypotenuse hypothesis hypothetical, hypothetical deduction I icosagon icosahedra (icosahedron 數 ) icosahedral icosahedron icosidodecahedron, - icositetrahedron identical figures,

58 identical operation identical polynomials identical relation identical representation identical transformation identical truth, identically equal identifiable 識 identified point 識 identifying 識,, identifying algorithm 識 identity ( ), ( ),, identity element ( ), identity law 律 identity theorem 理 if and only if if... then, 若 iff ignorable, 略 image, image analysis image of a line image plane imaginary axis imaginary circle imaginary number 數 imaginary part imaginary plane imaginary point imaginary root imitation 類, immeasurable 不 immediate, immediate successor, implicative implicative formula implicit,

59 implicit equation implicit function 數 imply importance importation impossibility 不 impossibility proof 不 impossibility theorem 不 理 impossible 不 impossible construction 不 impossible construction problem 不 impossible event 不 imprecise 不 improper quadric imputation inaccurate 不 inadequacy 不, 不 inadmissible 不 incalculability 不 incapable 不 incapable of solution 不 incenter incessant 不, 連 incidence 聯, incidental, incircle 切 inclination incline, 度 inclined line inclined plane include included angle including-excluding principle 理 including set, inclusion inclusion-directed family inclusion-exclusion formula

60 inclusion-exclusion principle 理 inclusion of sets inclusion relation incommensurability 不 度 incommensurable 不 度, 不 incommensurable line segments 不 度 incommensurable quantities 不 度量 incommensurable segments 不 度 incomparability 不 incomparability relation 不 incomparable 不 incompatible 不 incomplete factorization 不 數 inconsistent 不, incorrect, 不 incorrect proposition increasing ( ) increasing function ( ) 數 increasing progression 數列, 數 increasing rate ( ) 率 increasing sequence 列 increasing series 數 indefinite equation 不 indefinite integral 不 independent 立, independent events 立 independent points 立 independent sample 立 indeterminate equation 不 index, 數 index law 數律 index number 數 index pair 數 Indian numerals 度數 indicator,, 數 indirect demonstration indirect method

61 indirect proof individual indivisibility 不 indivisible 不, 不, 不 量 induced function 數 induction, induction assumption, induction axiom 理 induction base induction condition induction formula induction hypothesis induction on n n induction proof induction step inductional assumption inductive conclusion 論 inductive method inefficiency inefficient inefficient estimator 量 inequality 不 inequality of higher order 不 inequality sign 不 inequation 不, 不 inequivalent 不 inestimable 不 inexact 不, 不 inference 理 inferior angle 劣 inferior arc 劣 inferior index infinite continued fraction 連 數 infinite decimal 數 infinite decimal expansion 數 infinite number 數 infinite point

62 infinite polygon infinite sequence 列 infinite series 數 infinite space infinite sum infinitely distant point, 理 infinitely great infinitely many infinitely near point infinitely small infinitude infinity, inflated inflation factor 數 inflection point influence informatics ( ) information, initial, initial-boundary value ( )- initial-boundary value problem ( )- initial condition initial data 料 inner area inner bisector inner boundary inner part inner point inner product of vectors 量 inner radius innumerable 數 input (,, 料 ), input data 料 inradius inscribed 切, inscribed angle, inscribed circle 切

63 inscribed figure, 切 inscribed polygon inscribed polyhedron inscribed quadrangle inscribed quadrilateral inscribed rectangle inscribed regular polygon inscribed sphere 切 inscribed tetragon inscribed tetrahedra inscribed triangle inscription 切, inseparable 不 insert, inside insoluble 不 insphere 切 instable 不 instance 例, instantaneous velocity 度 instantiation 例 instruction 令 instrumental error integer 數 integer division 數 integer multiple 數 integer multiplication 數 integer number 數 integer of n digits n 數 integer part 數 integer point integer polynomial ( 數 ) integer solution 數 integer system 數 integral calculus integral coefficient 數 integral exponent 數

64 integral expression integral formula integral multiple 數 integral number 數 integral part 數 integral pay-off 累 integral root integral sign intelligence test, 力 intercept intercept equation of a line intercept form interchange interchangeability intercross, interest 利, interest account 利 interest calculation 利 interest formula 利 interest rate 利率 interior interior alternate angles interior angle interior angles on the same side interior bisector interior opposite angles, interior point interior product, interleaving intermediate intermediate base intermediate product intermediate term intermediate value, intermediate value theorem 理, 理 internal angle internal bisector

65 internal common tangent 切 internal contact 切 internal division internal product internal ratio internal tangency 切 internal tangent 切 internal term internal terms of proportion 例 internal vertex internally dividing point internally tangent 切 international notation International System of Units interpercentile range 數 interpolant interpolating, interpolation formula interpolation method ( ) interpretation interpreting a graph inter-quantile distance 數 inter-quantile range 數 inter-quantile width 數 度 inter-quartile distance 數 inter-quartile range 數 inter-sixtile distance 六 數 inter-tentile distance 數 interrupt intersect obliquely to intersect to intersecting lines, intersecting plane intersecting planes, intersection,, intersection of domains intersection of events

66 intersection of sets, intersection point interval, interval closed at the left interval closed at the right intransitiveness intrinsic condition introduction of the conjunction introduction of the disjunction introduction of the implication introduction of the negation invalid 不 立 invariable 不, invariance 不 invariance theorem 不 理 inverse,,, inverse action, inverse assumption inverse calculation inverse circular function 數, 數 inverse cosecant inverse cosine inverse construction inverse cotangent 切 inverse dependence inverse fraction 數 inverse hyperbolic cosine inverse hyperbolic cotangent 切 inverse hyperbolic function 數 inverse hyperbolic sine inverse hyperbolic tangent 切 inverse law 律 inverse number 數 inverse of a number 數 inverse operation inverse order inverse point

67 inverse proportion ( 例 ) inverse proportionality ( 例 ) inverse proposition inverse ratio inverse secant inverse sine inverse theorem 理 inverse transform(ation) inverse triangle inequality 不 inverse trigonometric equation inverse trigonometric function 數 inverse value 數 inversely proportional 例 inversion, inverted, inverted commas inverted order in invertibility invertibility condition involute involute helicoid 螺 involute of a circle involute of a curve involute of evolute irrational 理, 理數 irrational expression 理 irrational fraction 理 irrational number 理數 irrational root 理 irreducibility 不 irreducible fraction 不 數, 數 irresoluble 不 irresoluble equation 不 isogon isogonal line isogonal polyhedron isogonal surface

68 isogonal trajectory isogonal transformation isogonal trapezoid isogonic points isogonological triangle isogram isohedra (isohedron 數 ) isohedron isolated point ( 立 ) isoperimetric figure isoperimetry isosceles trapezium isosceles trapezoid isosceles triangle item, iterating itinerary J join, 聯 join of sets Joule law 律 judgement, jump phenomenon jump point just justification 論, 理 justifying theorem 理 理 K k-fold root k Kakutani theorem 理 Kepler equation 勒 kind 類, 類 kinematic, kinematic base kinematic density 度

69 kinematic formula kinematic graph kinematic measure 度 kinematic space kinetic energy kitchen drawer principle 理 kite kitty, Klein bottle knight's move square knot 紐, known known function 數 known number 數 known quantity 量 L label labelled vertex labelling labyrinth labyrinth problem lacuna, large large cardinal number 數 large cardinals 數 large circle large numbers 數 larger than last place last term lateral area lateral edge lateral face lateral height lateral point lateral side,

70 lateral surface ( ) Latin cube 拉 立 Latin magic cube 拉 立 Latin magic square 拉 Latin rectangle 拉 ( ) Latin square 拉 latitude 度 lattice, lattice of cubes 立 lattice point, law 律, law of absorption 律 law of addition 律 law of addition of antecedents 律 law of associativity 律 law of cancellation 律 law of commutation 律 law of commutativity 律 law of contradiction 律 law of distribution 律, 律 law of excluded middle 律 law of exponents 數 律 law of multiplication 律 law of negating 律 law of reaction 律 law of sines 律 law of symmetry 律 law of tangents 切 律 law of the mean 理, 理 law of transformation 律 law of universal gravitation 力 律 layer layout,,, 列 L.C.M. 數 leading coefficient 數 leading diagonal leading digit 數

71 leading term least least common denominator least common multiple 數 least integer 數 least value least-value problem left-hand side left-handed system left side lemma 理 length 度, length of a broken line 度 length of a curve 度 length of a line segment 度 length of a path 路 度 length of a rectangle length of a segment 度 length of a sequence 列 度 length of a series 列 度 length of arc length of circumference length of normal, length of tangent 切, 切 length of the period 度 lengthen, less less than less than or equal to less-than sign less-than-or-equal-to sign level,, lexicographic order ( ) lexicographic ordering ( ) light velocity light-year 年 limacon *

72 limit, limit of a root limit of error, limit point limit value limited, line,, line equation line of centers 連 line of horizon line of intersection line of latitude 度 line of longitude 度 line of projection line of regression, line of sight line of slope line of steepest slope 降 line of swiftest descent 降 line overrelaxation 行 line segment line symmetry linear, linear algebra 數 linear angle linear coordinate system linear coordinates ( ) linear dependence linear independence linearly dependent linearly equivalent linearly independent link, 連 list, 列 list of formulas literal coefficient 數 literal equation 數

73 little load, load error loading local local maximum point local minimum point location, loci (locus 數 ) locus log 數 數 logarithm 數 logarithm of a cardinal number 數 數 logarithm of a number a to base x 數 a x 數 logarithm table 數 logarithmic calculation 數 logarithmic equation 數 logarithmic function 數 數 logarithmic scale 數, 數 度 logarithmic table 數 logic 邏,(=logical) 邏 logical deduction 邏, 邏 logical derivation 邏 logically equivalent 邏, 邏 logically false proposition 邏 logically true formula logically true proposition 邏 logically valid formula logician 邏 long long division longitude 度 longitudinal axis loss lottery, lottery game low

74 lower lower base lower bound lowest common denominator lowest common multiple 數, lozenge 菱 lunar lunar calendar 曆 lune, M machine code machine computation magic circle magic cube magic figure magic Latin square magic number magic square, magic ring magic star magic sum magnetic field magnification magnification ratio magnitude,, main branch ( ) main diagonal main theorem main variable major angle major arc major axis major diagonal majority mantissa mantissa of a logarithm

75 many-to-one correspondence many-valued function map, map coloring mapping mapping function mapping into marginal marginal sum mark,, marked ruler market model marking,, marking off angles marking off segments Markov chain Markov decision process Markov process mass mass distribution matching matching coins matching method matching pennies, mathematical argument mathematical axiom mathematical concept mathematical definition mathematical economics mathematical education mathematical experiment mathematical expression mathematical logic ( " ") mathematical method mathematical model mathematical modelling, mathematical problem

76 mathematical psychology mathematical sign mathematical symbol mathematical system mathematical theory mathematical viewpoint mathematically strict mathematician mathematics mathematics competition mathematics education mathematization matrices (=matrix ) matrix algebra matrix transformation maxima (maximum ) ( ), ( ) maximal, maximal term maximal value maximality maximin value maximum,,, maximum problem maximum solution maximum term, maximum value, maximum value and minimum value theorem - maze mean, ( ), mean density mean difference mean error mean motion mean number mean proportional mean term ( ) mean term of proportion

77 mean time mean-value formula, mean-value method, mean-value theorem, means, measure, measure of accuracy, measure of an angle measure of an error measure of angle in degrees measure of area measured value measurement measurement of angles measurement theory measuring, measuring error measuring instrument, measuring rule, mechanical construction mechanical proving mechanics medial law median, median line ( ) median of a trapezoid median of a triangle median plane ( ) median point ( ), median value, mental arithmetic, mental count, meridian, meridian curve, meridian line meridian plane method

78 method of approximation method of arithmetic means method of averaging ( ) method of bisection method of calculation method of coefficient comparison method of comparison method of complete induction, method of construction method of cutting circle method of elimination method of estimation method of exclusion method of exhaustion, method of indeterminate coefficients method of induction method of inversion method of iteration method of optimization method of round-off, method of sieve method of similitude method of solution method of splitting of the square method of substitution method of successive division method of successive elimination method of successive iteration method of successive substitutions method of summation method of summation by parts method of superposition method of undetermined coefficients metric metric axiom middle point middle point of a triangle

79 middle point triangle middle term midline midperpendicular midperpendicular plane midpoint midpoint method milliard million minima (minimum ), minimal value minimum point minor angle minor arc minor axis minor segment minuend minus minus infinity minus mark minus sign minus symbol minute ( ) miscount, mistake mitre angle 45 mixed mixed decimal mixed fraction mixed number Mobius strip model model building, model experiment model method model(l)ing, modelling scheme

80 modelization modern algebra ( ) modern geometry ( ) modern logic ( ) modified difference modified estimator modified test modular algebra modular angle modular arithmetic module modulus number modulus of a complex number modulus of a congruence moment, momentum monomial equation monomial expression monotone convergence monotone decreasing monotone decreasing function monotone decreasing sequence monotone increasing monotone increasing function monotone increasing sequence mortality rate mosaic,, Moscow papyrus most probable value motion, motion mass move,, movement moving,, much greater than much less then multidigit number

81 multifold,, multilateral, multilength multinomial multinomial coefficient multinomial distribution multinomial expansion multinomial series multinomial theorem multiple,,, multiple angle formula multiple order,, multiple permutation multiple root multiple value multiplicand multiplication multiplication constant multiplication formula multiplication law, multiplication method multiplication principle multiplication rule multiplication table, multiplication theorem multiplicative law multiplicator, multiplicity of a root multiplicity of a tangent mutual division mutual exclusion, mutual independence mutually exclusive events, mutually independent events mutually perpendicular mutually perpendicular lines mutually perpendicular planes

82 mutually prime numbers mutually symmetric N n-gon n,n n-gonal number n 數 n-place number n 數 n-sided pyramid n n-th convergent ( 連 數 ) n 數 n-th denominator ( 連 數 ) n n-th numerator ( 連 數 ) n n-th order matrix n n-th partial quotient ( 連 數 ) n n-th partial sum n n-th power n n-th root n n-th term n natural number 數 near point nearest nearest integer 數 necessity, negate,, negation ( ) negation bar negation sign negative,, negative angle negative direction,, negative exponent 數 negative formula negative infinity negative integer 數 negative number 數 negative orthant negative part negative proposition

83 negative real axis negative real number 數 negative relation negative result negative root negative sign negative term negative value negative vector 量 negligible 略 negligible quantity 略量 neighbor, neighbor set neighborhood neighboring neighboring form neighboring point neighboring prime numbers 數, 數 neighboring vertex nephroid nest of intervals net, net method net of lines net of planes net point network 路 network analysis 路 network graph 路 Newton binomial Newton binomial theorem 理 Newton dynamics 力 Newton first law 律 Newton formula Newton forward interpolation formula Newton identities Newton interpolation formula

84 Newton interpolation polynomial Newton law of universal gravitation 力 律 Newton laws of mechanics 力 律 Newton three laws of motion 律 nine-point circle node node of a graph non-additivity, 不 non-adjacent edges, nonagenary nonagon nonagonal number 數 non-algebraic function 數 數 non-alternating non-analytic function 數 non-archimedean geometry ( ) non-arithmetic operation nonary non-asymptotic non-closed field non-coincident 不 non-collinear 不 non-commutability 不 non-commutative non-commutative group non-compatible 不 non-complete 不 non-computability 不 non-concurrent lines 不 non-congruence 不 non-constant 數, non-constant polynomial 數 non-constructive proof non-continuable 不 拓 non-continuous 不連, non-contradiction non-convergent series 數

85 non-convex non-convex polyhedron non-convex set non-correlation 不 non-countable set 不 數 nondecidability 不 non-decomposable 不 non-decreasing function 數 non-decreasing sequence 列 non-degeneracy ( ) non-degeneracy condition non-degenerate non-degenerate analytic mapping non-degenerate conic section nondense set nondense subset non-denumerability 不 數 non-denumerable set 不 數 non-deterministic non-diagonal non-empty non-empty set non-empty subset non-enumerable 不, 不 數 non-equivalence 不 non-equivalent 不 non-euclidean 里 non-euclidean geometry 里 ( ) non-exact square root 不 non-existence 不 non-feasible 不 行 non-feasible set 不 行 non-feasible solution 不 行 non-finite set non-inclusion 不 non-increasing non-increasing sequence 列

86 non-integral 數 non-linear non-linear algebraic equation 數 non-linear analysis non-measurable 不 non-minimal non-minimality non-negative non-negative integer 數 non-negative number 數 non-negative orthant non-negative solution non-normal distribution non-null solution 零 non-numeric(al) 數 non-orthogonal non-overlapping 不 non-parallelism 行 ( ) non-periodic, non-periodic decimal 數 non-periodic function 數 non-positive non-prime number 數 non-quadratic non-random non-rational function 理 數, 理 數 non-real number 數 non-real zero 零 non-sense non-separable 不 non-solvability 不 non-strict maximum point 不 non-strict minimum point 不 non-symmetric 不 non-symmetric relation 不 non-symmetry 不 non-tangency 不 切

87 non-tangent 不 切 non-terminating continued fraction 連 數 non-terminating decimal 數 non-transitivity non-transversal intersection non-trivial zero 零 non-unique solution 不 non-uniqueness 不 non-unit non-vacuous non-vanishing part 零 non-vanishing solution 零 non-void set non-zero 零 non-zero divisor 零 數, 零 non-zero polynomial 零 non-zero vector 零 量 normal curve normal distribution normal line normal plane normal point normal polygon normal to a curve normal to a surface normal vector 量 north pole 北 northern hemisphere 北 ( ) not-if-then 不, notation, notation without brackets notion 念 nought 零 novendenary novenic surface nowhere nowhere convergent series 數

88 nowhere dense, nowhere differentiable function 數 null 零 null angle 零 null circle 零, null set 零, null solution 零 null value 零 null vector 零 量 nullary polynomial 零 number 數 number axis 數 number code 數 number exponent 數 數 number field 數 number interval 數, 數 number line 數 number notation 數, 數 number of columns 列數 number of combinations 數 number of components 數 number of divisors 數, 數數 number of faces 數 number of partitions 數 number of permutations 列數 number of reorderings 列數 number of rows 行數 number of samples ( ) 數 number of significant digit 數 number of solutions 數 number of variations of signs 數 number of zeros 零 數 number pair 數, 數 number plane 數 number representation system 數 number scale 數, 數, 數 列 number square 數,

89 number system 數, 數 number theory 數論 number 率 numbering 數, numbers prime to one another 數 numerable 數 numerable set 數 numeral 數, 數 numeral system 數 numeration 數, 數 numeration of Maya 數 numeration system 數 numerator numerator divisor numerical analysis 數 numerical axis 數 numerical calculus 數 numerical code 數 numerical coding 數 numerical field 數 numerical quantity 數量 numerical size 數, numerical size of a number 數 數, 數 numerical solution 數 numerical system 數, 數 numerical value 數 numerous 數 O object,,, oblate oblate spheroid oblateness 率 oblimax oblique, oblique angle oblique astroid

90 oblique axes oblique circular cone oblique circular cylinder oblique cone oblique coordinate system oblique coordinates ( ), ( ) ( ) oblique cylinder oblique line oblique parallelepipedon 行六 oblique prism oblique pyramid oblique section oblique triangle obliquity 度, oblong, observation ( ) observation error observation vector 量 observational error observed data 料 observed value obtuse angle obtuse-angled triangle obtuse cone obtuse triangle occasional occupancy occurrence octad octadic octagon octagonal octagram octahedral octahedron octal octal addition

91 octal arithmetic octal digit 數 octal notation 數 octal number 數 octal number system 數 octal system octangular octodenary octonal octonian 數 octonion 數 odd odd-even odd integer 數 odd-multiple 數, 數 odd number 數 odd permutation 列, odd point 數 odd polynomial ( ) odd power 數 odd value 數 odds, 率 odevity ogive 卵 omission 省略 on-off one-dimensional space one-for-one, one-manyness one-one one-one correspondence, one-one mapping one-one reducibility one-point one-to-many one-to-many correspondence one-to-many function 數

92 one-to-many mapping one-to-one, one-to-one conformal mapping one-to-one correspondence one-to-one encoding one-to-one function 數 one-to-one mapping one-to-one relation open open-and-closed set open-and-closed subset open arc open interval open problem open question open segment open set open subset operating,,, operation, operation of addition operation of multiplication operation symbol operational symbol ( ) operational system operations research opponent opposite,, 立 opposite angles opposite derivative 數 opposite direction opposite edges, opposite event 立 opposite face 立 opposite number 數 opposite part opposite quantity 量

93 opposite quiver opposite root opposite side opposite sign opposite vertex opposition 立, optimal process optimal solution orb orbit orbit decomposition order,,,,, 數量,,, 數, order of a polynomial 數 order of units 數 ordered n-tuple n ordered subset ordinal number 數 ordinary differential equation ordinate, y ordinate axis ( ), y oriented area oriented distance 離 oriented plane oriented polygon oriented segment oriented volume origin, origin moment origin of a vector 量 origin of coordinates origin of the edge original data 料 original equation orthant orthocenter orthocentric quadrangle orthocentric tetrahedron

94 orthocentric triangle orthodrome orthogon orthogonal circles orthogonal coordinate system orthogonal coordinate transformation orthogonal coordinates, ( ) orthogonal lines, orthogonal planes orthogonal points orthogonal projection orthogonal square ( 拉 ) orthogonal transform(ation) orthogonal vectors 量 orthographic projection method orthographic view orthoprism orthoptic circle 切, orthoptic sphere 切 orthoptic triangle 切 orthopyramid orthosurface oscillating, oscillating continued fraction 連 數 oscillating geometric progression 數 oscillation,, oscillation of a function 數 oscillation of a sequence 列 oscillation of a solution out-of-order outcome outer, outer area outer bisector outer boundary outer branch outer face

95 outer product, 量 outermost 離,, 離 outermost parentheses outside outward, overall,, overall estimate overall maximum overbar overflow 流 overlap, overlapping P pair, pair of complex conjugate roots pair of elements pair of points pairing pairwise disjoint 兩兩不 pairwise distinct 兩兩不 pairwise incompatible events 兩兩不 pairwise independent events 兩兩 立 pairwise orthogonal 兩兩 palindrome palindromic number 數 pandiagonal magic square panel method paneled magic square pantograph, papyrus parabola parabola formula parabola of degree n n parabolic(al) ( ) parabolic conchoid parabolic cone

96 parabolic coordinate system parabolic curve parabolic cylinder ( ) parabolic-elliptic motion - parabolic folium 葉 parabolic hyperbola parabolic line paradox 論 paradox of Russell 羅 論 paradox of the Barber in a village 理 論 paradox of Zenon 諾 論 paradoxical property 論 paradoxical proposition 論 paragraph, parallax ( ), parallel 行, 行, 行 parallel algorithm 行 parallel angle 行 parallel axiom 行 理 parallel body 行 parallel chords 行 parallel circles 行 parallel computation 行 parallel connection 聯 parallel coordinate system 行 parallel curves 行 parallel definition 行 parallel displacement 行, 行 parallel edge 行, 行 parallel lines 行 parallel planes 行 parallel ruler 行 parallel straight lines 行 parallel tangents 行切 parallel trajectories 行 parallel transformation 行 parallel translation 行,

97 parallel vectors 行 量 parallelepiped 行六 parallelism axiom 行 理 parallelogram 行 parallelogram axiom 行 理 parallelogram law 行 律 parallelogrammatic number 行 數 parallelohedron 行 parallels 行 paralogism, 論 parameter 參數 parameter point 參數, 參數 parameter set 參數 parametric equation 參數 parametric equation of a curve 參數 parametric equation of a surface 參數 parametric form 參數 ( ) parametric function 參數 數 parametric representation 參數 parametric representation method 參數 parametric representation of a function 數 參數 parametric representation of a surface 參數 parametric solution 參數 parametrization 參數 parastrophy parenthesis, parity parity check parity-check code parity representation parity transformation part partial denominator partial differential equation partial fraction, 數 partial fraction decomposition, partial fraction expansion

98 partial Latin square 拉 partial plane partial set, partial square ( 拉 ) partial subset partial summation partial-summation formula particular solution particular term particular value partite 數, 數, 若 partition,, partition into classes 類 partition into squares partition number 數 partition numerorum 數 partition of a number 數 partition of an edge partition of an integer number 數 partition of unity Pascal formula Pascal geometry ( ) Pascal triangle, path 路, 路, 路, path curve path diagram, 路 pattern, pattern classification 類 pattern matching paving payment payoff Peano postulate 諾 pear curve 梨 pearl curve pedal, pedal circle

99 pedal line pedal polygon pedal tetrahedron pedal triangle Pedoe inequality 不 Pell equation pencil of circles pencil of conics pencil of lines ( ) pencil of parallel lines 行 pencil of planes pencil of rays pendulum pendulum equation penta(-) pentadecagon pentagon pentagonal dodecahedron pentagonal number 數 pentagram pentahedron pentomino, percent 率,, 數 percentage,, 率, 數 percentage error percentage point perfect, perfect magic cube 立 perfect magic square perfect mapping, perfect number 數, 數 perfect square, 拉, perfect triangle pericycloid, 輪 perigon perigon angle perimeter

100 period, period length 度 period of a circulating decimal 數 period of a decimal fraction 數 period of an oscillation period of coefficients 數 periodic continued fraction 連 數 periodic curve periodic decimal 數 periodic infinite decimal fraction 數 periodic motion periodic orbit periodic radical periodicity periodicity of a function 數 periodicity of a sequence 列 periphery, periphery of a circle permillage, 率 permissible value permutability permutable, permutation 列, permutation code permutation matrix, 列 permutation of a set permutation of numbers 數 列 permutation relationship permutation representation permutation sequence 列 perpendicular, perpendicular bisector perpendicular line perpendicular plane perpendicular straight lines perspective, perspective figure

101 perspective projection perspectograph philosophy of mathematics 數 physical solution 理, Pick theorem 理 picture, piece,, piecewise,,, piecewise continuous 連 pigeon-hole principle 籠 理 pile pip (,, ) 數 pitch,, 螺 pitching angle place place of decimals 數 place of hundreds place of units place value placement, plaintext plaintext attack plan, planar, planar body, planar coordinates ( ) planar domain planar polygon plane plane analytic geometry ( ) plane angle plane coordinates, ( ) plane cubic plane curve plane except one point plane figure, plane geometry ( )

102 plane graph plane motion plane number 數 plane of complex numbers 數 plane of coordinates plane of perspectivity plane of projection plane of symmetry plane pencil plane polygon plane projective geometry ( ) plane rotation transformation plane symmetry plane tirgonometry plane triangle plane trigonometry planning,, Platonic solids 拉 立 plausibility, play play of chance play-the-winner player, 參 playing, plotting, plumb line plural 數, 數 plurality 數 plus, plus infinity plus-operator plus sign, point point at infinity point circle, 零 point coordinates ( ) point dividing externally

103 point equation point of alternation point of application of a vector 量 point of contact 切 ( ) point of continuity 連 point of contrary flexure point of convergence point of discontinuity, 不連 point of division point of fracture point of indeterminacy 不 point of infinity point of inflection point of intersection point of libration point of maximum point of minimum point of net, point of nondifferentiability 不 point of rest point of symmetry point of tangency 切 point of triangulation point pair point partitioning point set point singularity point slope form point-symmetric point symmetry, point with height pointed bracket, pointed cone pointwise,,, Poisson distribution polar,,,, 數,, polar angle

104 polar axis polar circle polar cone polar conic polar conjugate points polar coordinate system polar coordinates, ( ) polar coordinates in space ( ) polar coordinates in the plane ( ) polar direction polar equation polar form of a complex number 數 polar line polar normal, polar plane ( ) polar point polar quadric polar quadrilateral polar radius pole on a ball policy 略 polyeder polygon polygon of seventeen sides polygonal curve polygonal domain polygonal figure polygonal line polygonal number 數 polyhedra (polyhedon 數 ) polyhedral, polyhedral angle polyhedral domain polyhedral form polyhedral graph polyhedral number 數 polyhedroid,

105 polyhedron polyhex 六 polyiamand polylateral polynomial polynomial acceleration ( ) polynomial coefficient 數 polynomial divisor 數 polynomial equation polynomial expansion polynomial extrapolation polynomial factoring polynomial factorization polynomial form polynomial function 數 polynomial identity polynomial identity relation polynomial in one indeterminate polynomial in one variable polynomial in several indeterminates polynomial in several variables polynomial interpolation polynomial invariant 不 數 polynomial of degree n n polynomial of one indeterminate polynomial of several indeterminates polynomial operation polynomial representation population, population planning population standard deviation population statistics population variance porismic equation 不 posing of a problem position position angle

106 position of point symmetry position of similarity position of symmetry position plane position point positional notation 數 positional number system 數 positional numeration 數 positional system positive, positive angle positive component 量 positive direction ( ) positive infinity positive integer 數 ( " 數 ") positive number 數 positive orthant positive part positive real number 數 positive real part positive root positive series 數 positive sign positive solution positive term positive value positive vector 量 possibility possible possible construction problem possible position possible value possibly postulate postulate of completeness postulate of construction postulate of infinity

107 postulate system postulation, postulation formula postulational method potential, potential energy power ( " "), 數,, 率 power-associativity power-cancellation power congruence, power exponent 數 power function 數, 數 power function with exponent n 數 n 數 power index 數 power of a complex number 數 power of a number 數 power operation power product power series 數 power series expansion 數 power series representation 數 power theorem 理 practical computation preceding, precision ( ) 度 preservation of angles preservation of area ( ) preservation of length presumption presumptive price, price analysis price index 數 primal solution primary,,, primary solution prime 數,,,,

108 prime decomposition 數 prime divisor 數, 數 prime factor 數, 數 prime factorization prime formula prime number 數, 數 prime number distribution 數 prime table 數 prime twins 數 primitive formula principal,, principal argument 輻 principal axis principal component, 量 principal diagonal principal diameter principal direction principal theorem 理 principle 理 principle of boxes 理 principle of choice principle of complete induction 理 principle of complete reducibility 理 principle of contradiction 理 principle of convergence 理 principle of correspondence principle of duality 理 principle of exchange 理, 理 principle of excluded middle 理 principle of extensionality 理 principle of inclusion and exclusion 理, 理 principle of induction ( ) 理 principle of invariance 不 理 principle of mathematical induction 數 理 principle of maximum 理, 理 principle of minimax 理 principle of minimum 理

109 principle of optimality 理 principle of pigeon-nest 籠 理 principle of reflection 理 principle of relativity of Galilei 利略 理 principle of relativization 理 principle of similarity 理 principle of substitution 理 principle of superposition 理 prism prismaid prismatic prismatic surface prismoid prize, probability 率 probability event 率 probability model 率 probability of an event 率 probability ratio 率 probability space 率 probability theory 率論 probable deviation probable error probable estimate 率 problem analysis problem calculus problem of a hundred chickens problem of allocation problem of brachistochrone, 降 problem of circumference in equal parts problem of contact 切 problem of distribution of a cake problem of divisors 數 problem of duplication of a cube 立 problem of geometric construction problem of honeycomb problem of impossible construction 不

110 problem of lotus flower 蓮 problem of minimum time problem of optimal control problem of optimization problem of points, 理 problem of possible construction problem of prime twins 數 problem of pursuit problem of quadrature of a circle problem of the 13 spheres 13 problem of the 15 schoolgirls 15 女 problem of the 36 officers 36 problem of the needle problem of the queens problem of the seven bridges of Konigsberg problem of touring the world problem of trisection of an angle problem on knight's moves problem on lattice points problem solving problem with constraints process, process average ( ) process control producing, product product notation 連 product of factors 數 product of forms product of numbers 數 product of polynomials product sign profile 輪廓, profile plane profile projection profundity 度 program

111 program control program generator program language programme programme control programming language progression 數列, 數 progressive,, 累 progressive average 累 progressive error 累 project,, projecting figure projection plane projective geometry ( ) prolate prolate cissoid 葉 prolate cycloid 輻, 輻 輪 prolate ellipsoid, prolate epicycloid 輻, 輻 輪 prolate hypocycloid 輻, 輻 輪 prolate spheroid prolate trochoid 輻 proof proof by cases, proof by contradiction proof by induction proof by reductio ad absurdum proof by superposition proof geometry 論 ( ) proof in full proof line 索, 路 proof method proof of consistency proof of deducibility proof of existence proof scheme proper factor 數

112 proper fraction 數 property proportion 例 proportion by addition proportion by addition and subtraction proportion by alternation 更 proportion by subtraction proportion with equal means 連 (a:b=b:c) proportional constant 例 數 proportional expression 例 proportional mean 例 proportional numbers 例數 proportional relation 例 proportional sequence 例 列 proportionality coefficient 例 數 proportionality factor 例 數 proposition propositional axiom 理 propositional calculus ( " 邏 ") propositional connective 聯 propositional constant, propositional form propositional formula propositional function 數, propositional inference, propositional intermediate logic 邏 propositional logic 邏 protractor 量, 度 protractor postulate 量 protuberance, protuberant provability provable formula proven, Ptolemy theorem 勒 理 public key pure decimal 數

113 pure imaginary 數 pure mathematics 數 pure polynomial, pure recurring decimal 數 purely imaginary number 數 puzzle, Pythagoras theorem 理, 拉 理, " 理 " Pythagorean numbers 拉 數 Pythagorean triangle 拉 Pythagorean triple 拉, 拉 列 Q q.e.d. quadrable quadrangle quadrangle circumscribing 切 quadrangular numbers 數, 數 quadrangular prism quadrangular pyramid quadrant quadrant angle quadrant of a circle quadrant relation ( 數 ), quadrate, quadratic, quadratic approximation method quadratic curve quadratic cylinder quadratic differential quadratic discriminatory analysis quadratic element quadratic equation quadratic equation with one unknown quadratic expression quadratic-fractional quadratic function 數 quadratic inequality 不

114 quadratic irrationality 理數 quadratic polynomial quadratic root quadratic square quadratic surface quadratic term quadratic transformation quadratic trinomial quadratic variance quadratic variation, quadratic variation process quadration, quadrature,, quadrature formula quadrature of a circle ( ) quadrature of extrapolation quadrature of interpolation quadrature problem quadric,, quadric cone quadric curve quadric cylinder quadric surface quadrifolium 葉 quadrilateral quadrinomial quadripartition quadruple,, quadruple point quadruple root quadruplicity 數 quality 量, quality control 量, 量 理 quantification 量 quantification theory 量 理論 quantile 數 quantitative relation 量

115 quantity 量 quantum electrodynamics 量 力 quarter, quarternary, quarter-square quartic curve quartic equation quartic equation with one unknowh quartile ( 數 ) quartile coefficient 數 quartile deviation quaterdenary quaternariant quaternary, quaternary digit 數 quaternary notation 數 quaternary number 數 quaternary number system 數 quaternary system quaternion 數 question quickest descent 降 quinary digit 數 quinary notation 數 quindecagon quindenary quinternion 數 quintic quintic curve quintic equation quintile 數 quod erat demonstrandum (q.e.d.) quotation quotient quotity 率, 數 R

116 radian 度 radian system 度 radical ( ), radical equation radical expression radical extension radical root radical sign radicand 數 radication radii (radius 數 ) radius radius of a ball radius of a circle radius of a disk radius of a sphere radius of gyration, radius of rotation radix of a number system 數 radix point 數 raising raising to a power, raising to the third power 立 random digit 亂數 random event random number 亂數 random process random sample random sampling range,,, range of a variable 數 range of definition range of values rapidity 率 rate 率,( ) 率 rate of gain 利 率 rate of growth 率

117 rate of increase 率 rate of interest 利率 rate of profit 利率, 利 率 ratio, 率 ratio of division ratio of external division ratio of greater inequality ratio of internal division ratio of magnification 率 ratio of progression 率 ratio of similitute ratio scale 例 度 rational 理, 理 rational coefficient 理 數 rational expression 理 rational fraction 理 rational fractional function 理 數 rational function 理 數 rational number 理數 rational root 理 rationality 理, 理 rations raw estimate 略 ray reachability, real axis real coefficient 數 real domain real exponential function 數 數 real field real number 數 real number field 數 real number system 數 real part real plane real polynomial real root

118 real sequence 列 real series 數 real solution real value rearrangement reason reasonable 理 reasoning 理 reasoning by induction 理 reciprocal,, 數 reciprocal function 數 reciprocal number 數 reciprocal proportion 例 reciprocal propositions reciprocal ratio reciprocal value 數 reciprocity law 律 recreational mathematics 數 rectangle, rectangular Cartesian coordinates ( ) rectangular circular cylinder rectangular cone rectangular coordinate system rectangular coordinates ( )( " ( )") rectangular equailateral triangle rectangular formula rectangular hyperbola, rectangular inequality 不 rectangular numbers 數 rectangular parallel coordinates ( ) rectangular parallelopiped rectangular parallelopipedon rectangular solid rectangular triangle rectifiable rectifiable arc rectifiable curve

119 rectifiable function 數 rectilinear rectilinear figure, rectilinear generator rectilinear segment recurrence,,, 復,, recurrence formula recurrence relation recurrent,,,, 復, recurrent decimal fraction 數 recurrent event recurrent formula recurrent function 數 recurrent inequality 不 recurrent line recurrent motion 復 recurrent sequence 列 recurrent series 數 recurrer 數 recurring recurring decimal 數 recurring period recursion formula, redesignating of variables 數更, reduced,,, reduced coefficients 數 reduced continued fraction 連 數 reduced cubic equation reduced order 降 reducible, reducible fraction, 數 reducible integer 數 reducible polynomial reduction,,, reduction ad absurdum reduction formula, reduction of a fraction

120 reduction of an expression reduction of fractions to a common denominator reduction to the impossible reductive, reentrant angle reference, 參, 參 reference angle, reference data 參 料 reference edge 參 reference line reference point 參, reflection, reflection in a plane reflection in a point reflection point reflection principle 理 reflex reflex angle reflexion region, region of discontinuity 不連 regular, regular 17-gon regular circumscribed polygon 切 regular continued fraction 連 數 regular decagon regular dodecagon regular dodecahedron regular hexagon 六 regular hexahedron 六 regular icosahedron regular n-gon n regular octahedron regular pentagon regular polygon regular polyhedral angle regular polyhedron

121 regular prism regular pyramid regular star polygon regular star polyhedron regular tetrahedron regular triangle related related angle related function 數 related notion 念 related number 數 relation, relation greater than relation less than relation of equality relation of inclusion relation of subordination relation symbol relative error relative frequency 率 relative maximum ( ) relative minimum ( ) relative position relative power relatively prime relatively prime numbers 數 relativity theory 論 remainder 數,, remainder of a series 數 remainder of an integer 數 remainder term remainder theorem 數 理, 理 removable removal, removal of a edge removal of a point removal of an irrationality 理

122 removal of brackets repeated root repeating decimal 數 repetend ( 數 ) required number 數 resolution of a vector 量 resolvability restriction result reversal, reverse lexicographic order reverse operation reverse order, reverse orientation, reversible reversing, reversing number 數 reversion of a number 數, 數 revolution, rhodonea rhomb 菱, rhombic 菱, rhombic dodecahedron rhombohedron 菱, 六 rhomboid 菱, rhombus 菱 rib,, rib of a polyhedron Riemann conjecture 黎 Riemann theorem 黎 理 right,, right angle right-angled cone right-angled trapezoid right-angled triangle right bisector right circular cone

123 right circular cylinder right cone right cylinder right-hand, right-hand coordinate system right-hand side right-handed system right helicoid 螺 ( ) right line right parallelepiped 六 right parallelepipedon 六 right prism right process right pyramid right side right three-leafed rose 葉 right triangle rigid body rigid motion rigor of proof rigorous justification 論 rigorous proof rigorous solution rising risk risk function 數 rod-arithmetic Roman notation 羅 數 Roman number system 羅 數 Roman numerals 羅 數 Roman numeration 羅 數 root root condition root field root-finding root function 數 root of a number 數

124 root of a polynomial root of an equation root of unity root sign root symbol rooting rose rose curve rosette rotary rotatable rotation about a point rotation about an axis rotation axis rotation diagram rotation of a circle rotation of a plane rotation of axes rough calculation 略, rough estimate 略 round,, round angle round bracket rounding off, route 路, 路 row 行 rule, rule of commutativity rule of complete induction rule of elimination rule of identity 律 rule of implication rule of inference 理 rule of joining an equivalence rule of multiplication rule of operation rule of signs

125 rule of three 數, 律 rule of trial and error ruler ruler-and-compass construction ruling, 度 run Russian number system 羅 數 S salesman problem, same order same sign sample sample method, sample space sampling saroban satisfying scalar 量, 數量, 量 scalar product 量,, scalar quantity 量, 數量, 量 scale division 度, 度 scalene triangle 不 scaling-down 例 scaling method scaling-up 例 scanning, scheme of a design schety Schwarz inequality 不 score, scoring screw 螺, 螺 screw axis 螺 screw line 螺 search method 索 search process 索

126 secant, secant circle secant curve secant line secant of an angle secant theorem 理 second, second derivative 數 second differential second mean value theorem 理 second-order curve second power, second quadrant second term secondary,,, sectio divina 金 section,,,, section graph sectional area sectional operator sectioning, sector sector angle sedenion 六 數 segment congruence segment divided in the golden section 金 segment of a broken line segment of a circle segment of a curve segment of a sphere, selection selective sampling self-intersection ( ) self-nonintersecting 不 semi-axis semi-circle semi-circular

127 semi-circular protractor 量, 度 semi-circumference semi-diameter semi-infinite plane semi-major axis semi-minor axis semi-periodic semi-plane senary 六 sentence 句, sentence form 句 sentential, 句 sentential combination sentential form sentential formula sentential function 數 sentential logic 邏, 句邏 sentential symbol, 句 sentinel, septenary septendecimal septilateral, septuple,, sequence 列 sequence (mod m) 列 ( m ) sequence of a pair, sequence of a triple sequence of natural numbers 數列 sequence of numbers 數列 sequence of rational numbers 理數 列 sequence of series 數 列 series 數, 列,( ) 列 series development 數 series equation 數 series expansion 數 series of complex terms 數 數 series of constant terms 數 數

128 series of function terms 數 數 series of functions 數 數 series of prime numbers 數列 series of real terms 數 數 set ( ) set of numbers 數 set of points set of series 數 set of sets set of solutions set of values set theory 論 set-transitive set union set-valued seven bridges problem several several-for-one several complex variables 數 several variables 數 sexadecimal 六 sexadecimal number system 六 數 sexadecimal system 六 sexagesimal 六 ( sexagesimal arithmetic 六 sexagesimal degree ( ) 六 度 sexagesimal fraction 六 數 sexagesimal notation 六 數 sexagesimal number 六 數 sexagesimal number system 六 數 sexagesimal system 六 sexangle 六 sexenary 六 sextile 六 數 sextuple 六, 六, 六 shaded shaded area

129 shaded region shape 狀 sharing sharp,, sharp estimate sharp inequality 不 sharp uniqueness theorem 理 shear, 切, 切 shearing 切 shift, shoe box principle 理 short, short cut short cut division short division, short radius, shorter axis shortest shortest distance 離 shortest line shortest route 路 shortest route problem 路 shuffling, 列 side side condition, side cone side elevation side face side formula side of a polygon side of an angle side opposite of an angle side plane of projection side projection side view sides about the right angle sides containing the right angle

130 sieve method sieve of Eratosthenes 拉 sign,, sign of absolute value sign of addition sign of division sign of equality sign of inequality 不 sign of integration sign of multiplication sign of subtraction sign of union signal signal duration 度 signature, signature operator signed number 數 significant, significant digit 數 significant figure 數 significant value similar similar figures similar fractions 數, 數 similar polygons similar triangles similitude transformation simple fraction 數 simple interest 利 simple interest formula 利率 simple mean simple pendulum simplest radical simplest trigonometric inequality 不 simplication simplified fraction 數, 數 Simpson formula

131 Simson line simultaneity, simultaneous equations 聯立 simultaneous inequalities 聯立不 sine sine curve sine formula sine function 數 sine law 律 sine theorem 理 sine wave single, single root sinusoid sinusoidal curve sinusoidal function 數 sinusoidal law 律 six-point circle 六 size 度, size of a population, 量 size of a sample, 量 skew, skew axis skew-angled coordinate system slant angle slant height slide rule sliding scale 滑, slope 率, 度 slope angle slope function 率 數 slope-intercept form slope line, slope of a curve 率 slope of a straight line 率 small small circle

132 small denominator small sample small stellated dodecahedron smaller than smallest smooth 滑 smooth curve 滑 snub dodecahedron sole solenoidal 螺, 螺 solid 立 solid analytic geometry 立 ( ) solid angle 立 solid cone solid figure 立 ( ) solid geometry 立 ( ) solid sphere solidus 數 solitaire solution solution by inspection solution by radicals solution formula solution of a linear equation solution of a system of equations solution of a triangle solution of an equation solution of an inequality 不 solution set solver solving sophism south pole southern hemisphere ( ) space space analytic geometry ( ) space coordinates ( )

133 space figure space of events special solution special value specialization speed 率, 度 speedup speedup theorem 理 sphere sphere of contact 切 sphere packing spherical angle spherical astronomy spherical cap spherical center spherical circle spherical cone spherical coordinate system spherical coordinates, spherical curvature 率 spherical curve spherical equilateral triangle spherical geometry ( ) spherical isosceles triangle spherical radius spherical rearrangement spherical right triangle spherical sector, spherical segment, spherical segment of one base spherical sheaf of circles spherical shell spherical surface sphericity, 狀 spheroid spiral 螺 spiral of Archimedes 螺

134 spiral of uniform velocity 螺 spiralling 螺 square, square array 列 square bracket square bracket function 數, 數 square deviation, square diagram square domain square-free divisor 數 square-free number 數數 square-full square grid square-law 律 square matrix square matrix of order n n square number 數 square of order n n square of the distance 離 square root square rooting squaring,, squaring the circle ( ) staircase function 數 stake standard algorithm standard coordinates ( ) standard cube 立 ( ) standard deviation ( ) standard diagram standard distribution standard error standard polynomial standpoint, star, star body star n-gon n

135 star pentagon star polygon star polyhedron star-shaped polygon starting point starting state 狀 starting time starting value statist statistic 量 statistical analysis statistical approach statistical chart statistical data 料 statistical decision statistician statistics ( ) steepest ascent steepest descent 降 steepest line 降 Steiner theorem 理 stellated dedecahedron stellated polyhedron step,,,,, step-by-step step-by-step integration step function 數 step length step size step width stereogram 立, 立 數 straight, straight angle straight circular cone straight line straight line direction straight line method

136 straight line representation straight line segment straightening of the angle straightening theorem ( ) 理 strategy 略 stretching, strict strict decreasing, 降 strict increasing, strict maximum strict maximum point strict minimum strict minimum point string, 串, 串 strip stripe structure structure equation style, suan-pan subinterval submultiple 數, 數 subsequent subset substitution, subtraction subtraction formula subtraction sign subtractive,, subtrahend 數 succedent successive roots successor sufficiency sufficient sufficient and necessary condition, sum

137 sum by squares sum of numbers 數 sum of series 數 sum of sets, sum of squares sum of the digits 數 sum of vectors 量 sum series 數 sum-set axiom 理 sum term sum theorem 理 sum total sum vector 量 summand 數, summarization, summarized, summarizing, summation ( ) summation notation 連 summation of sequence 列 summation of series 數 summing, Sun theorem 理 superficial superficial area superior angle superior arc superscript supplement, supplementary angle supplementary set, supposition surd, 不 surd root 不 surface surface area surface density 度

138 surface of a cone surface of a cylinder surface of a polyhedron surface of a prism surface of a pyramid surface of a section surface of contact switching, 切 switching circuit 路, 切 路 syllogism 論 symbol, symbol computation symbol of ratio symbolic calculus symbolic method symbolic notation symbolic power symbolism symbolization symmetric(al) symmetric graph symmetric point symmetry law 律 system,, 數,, system of axioms 理 system of circles system of components 量 system of coordinates system of equations system of factors 數 system of fractions 數 system of integers 數 system of least residues system of linear equations system of lines system of notation 數, 數 system of numbers 數

139 system of numeration 數 system of rectangular coordinates system of roots system of sets system of signs system of solutions system of units system of vectors 量 T table table cell table look-up table of cosines table of frequency distribution 數 table of integrals table of logarithms 數 table of prime factors 數 table of primes 數 table of random numbers 亂數 table of sines table of square roots table of squares table of trigonometric functions 數 tabulating 列 tail,( ) tail end tail of an arrow taking of the logarithm 數 taking of the square root tangency 切 tangent 切, 切, 切 tangent at the vertex 切 tangent ball 切 tangent circles 切 tangent cone 切 ( ) tangent curve 切

140 tangent cylinder 切 ( ) tangent deformation 切 tangent formula 切, 切 tangent line 切 tangent of a circle 切 tangent of an angle 切 tangent parallelogram 切 行 tangent plane 切 tangent theorem 切 理 tangent to a curve 切 tangent vector 切 量 tangential equation 切 tangential point 切, 切 tangential property 切 Taylor expansion 勒 Taylor formula 勒 technique, temperature 度 temporal series 列 tens digit 數 tens place terdenary term term by term term by term differentiation term by term integration term of a fraction 數 term of a polynomial term of a progression 數 term of a proportion 例 term of a ratio term of a sequence 列 term of a series 數 term of an equation term of higher degree term of the first degree term of the second degree

141 term of zero degree 零 terminal edge terminal end-point terminal point terminal point of a vector 量 terminating continued fraction 連 數 terminating decimal 數 termwise addition termwise differentiation termwise integration ternary,, ternary addition ternary arithmetic ternary notation 數 ternary number 數 ternary number system 數 tertium non datur 律 tessellation, test,,, test for additivity test for divisibility tetra- [[ ]] tetrachoric tetragon tetrahedral tetrahedral angle tetrahedral form tetrahedral number 數 tetrahedral pyramid, tetrahedral space tetrahedroid tetrahedron tetrakaidecahedron then and only then theorem 理 theorem of alternative 理 theorem of arithmetic progression 數 理

142 theorem of butterfly 理 theorem of completeness 理 theorem of cosines 理 theorem of proportion by addition 理 theorem of proportion by addition and subtraction theorem of proportion by alternation 更 理 theorem of proportion by inversion 理 theorem of proportion by subtraction 理 theorem of ratio of equality 理 theorem of three perpendiculars 理 theoretical analysis 理論 theory of combinations 理論 theory of games 論 theory of graphs 論 theory of numbers 數論 theory of probabilities 率論 theory of relativity 論 theory of sets 論 thermodynamics 力 thermometric parameter 度參數 thick, thickness 度, 度 thin, thin film thousand three figure number 數 three leafed rose threefold, tiling, tiling problem, time time average to complete square token topology 拓 ( ) total area total correctness 理

143 total error total pay-off total reward total sum total sum of squares totality, totalization, totalling, touching 切 tracing, tractrix transect 切, transfer ( ),, transference transform ( ) transform method transformation transformation formula transformation formula of base transformation of a system transformation of a variable 數 transformation of an equation transformation of coordinates transformation of orthogonal coordinates transformation of parameter 參數 transformation of roots transient phenomenon transit transition,, transition point transitive, transitive law 律, transitiveness transitivity law 律 translate, translated, translation,

144 translation formula translation plane translation symmetry translation transformation translational translational symmetry translative, translativity translativity of a summation method transmission transmission rate 率 transport,, transposing transposition,, transposition cipher transposition of terms transposition rule transversal line transverse axis transverse section trapezium trapezium formula trapezoid trapezoidal formula trapezoidal method treble tree tree graph trefoil 葉 tri- [[ ]] triadic, triadic expansion triadic fraction 數 trial and error procedure trial divisor 數 triangle triangle axiom ( ) 理

145 triangle equation triangle function 數 triangle inequality 不 triangle of reference, triangle rule triangle test, triangulable, triangular, triangular coordinates ( ) triangular prism triangular pyramid triangularization trichotomy law 律 tricuspid tricuspid curve tridegree trifolium 葉 trigonometric equation trigonometric function 數 trigonometric function interpolation 數 trigonometric identity trigonometric inequality 不 trigonometric interpolation trigonometric measurement 量 trigonometric series 數 trigonometric solution ( ) trigonometric sum trigonometry trihedral angle trihedron trilateral tripling trisection trisection of an angle ( ) trisectrix trit 數 trivial

146 trivial solution true error true length true proposition true value truncated cone truncated cube 立 truncated cuboctahedron 立 truncated cylinder truncated dodecahedron truncated icosahedron truncated icosidodecahedron - truncated octahedron truncated prism truncated pyramid truncated tetrahedron truth criterion truth table truth value Turing machine 靈 turn, ( ) turning function 數 turning point turnover, twelve-point sphere twice, twin twin prime numbers 數 two-figure decimal 數 two middle points theorem 理, 連 理 two-person game two-place number 數 two-point equation 兩 two-point form ( ) 兩 U unbounded

147 unbounded interval unbounded set uncountability 不 數 undecagon undecimal undefined term, undetermined coefficient 數 unending decimal 不 數 unequal 不 uneven number 數, 數 unidecimal number system 數 unidecimal system 數 uniform, uniform convergence ( ), ( ) uniform distribution, uniform identity uniformly convex union, union of sets,, union set unique unique decomposition theorem 理 unique existence unique existence theorem 理 unique factor 數 unique factorization 數 unique solution uniquely solvable uniqueness of a solution unit ( " "), unit ball unit circle unit complex number 數 unit cube 立 unit element, unit fraction 數 unit interval

148 unit length 度 unit line unit of angle unit of area unit of length 度 unit of volume unit vector 量 unit's place 數 universal gravitation 力 universe mean unknotting unknown number 數 unknown quantity 量 unlike fractions 異 數 unlike sign 異 unlimited decimal 數, 數 unprovable 不 unprovable proposition 不 unproved unsolvable 不 unsolvable equation 不 unsolved problem upper base upper bound upper right corner V vacancy, vacant place vacant set vacuous set vacuous subset valid figure 數 value, 數 value field value of a continued fraction 連 數

149 value of a polynomial value of a term value of an error value of estimator value of expectation value of ratio variable 數, 數,,, variable quantity 數 variable term variable transformation 數 variance, variance estimation variance ratio variance test variant, 數, variation,, 易 varied curve vector 量 ( " 量 ") vector addition 量 vector decomposition 量 vector multiplication 量 vector of areas 量 vector of the same direction 量 vector product 量,, vector space 量 vector sum 量 vectorial angle, 量 vectorial coordinates 量 ( ) velocity 度 velocity distribution 度 velocity vector 度 量 verifiable, verification, verification of a statement vertex vertex angle

150 vertex coloring vertex connectivity ( ) 連 度 vertex degree 數 vertex figure vertex of a conic vertex of a cube 立 vertex of a curve vertex of a graph vertex of a parabola vertex of a polygon vertex of a polyhedral angle vertex of a polyhedron vertex of a pyramid vertex of a triangle vertex of an angle, vertex of an ellipse vertex symmetry vertical,, vertical angles vertical axis, vertical component 量 vertical horizontal diagram, vertical line vertical plane ( ) vertical position vertical projection vertical projection plane vertical vector 量 vertically opposite polyhedral angle vibration vibration period vicenary number system 數 vigesimal system village barber paradox 理 論 violation virgule ( /)

151 visible point vision, visual angle visual geometry ( ) visual interpretation visual method visuality void, void set volume, volume of a ball volume of a cone volume of a cube 立 volume of a cylinder volume of a polyhedron volume of a prism volume of a pyramid volume of a solid 立 volute 螺 W wave wave length wave number 數 weight weight distribution weight method weighted weighted arithmetic average weighted arithmetic mean weighted average weighted average value weighted geometric average weighted inequality 不 weighted mean weighted mean value well-defined

152 well-determined well-order 良 when and only when whole, whole number 數 whole number part 數 wide wide-sense width ( 度 ) width of a curve 度 width of a set 度 winning,, winning position winning strategy 略 witch worth X Y xy-plane xy y-axis y ( ) y-component y 量 y-coordinate y y-direction y y-intercept y Yang Hui triangle Z z-axis z ( ) z-component z 量 z-coordinate z z-direction z z-intercept z Zermelo axiom 洛 理 zero degree 零 zero of a polynomial 零

153 zero-one law 零 律 zero point 零 zero point of a function 數 零 zero point of a polynomial 零 zero polynomial 零 zero solution 零, zero-sum two-player game 零 zero value 零 zero vector 零 量 zone ( ),