Microsoft Word 张鑫慧_new_.doc

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1 土壤 (Soils), 2014, 46(2): 典型热带土壤时间序列的电荷零点变化 1 特征及其土壤发生意义 1,2 1* 1 (1 ( ) ) XRD S ph [1] (PZC Point of Zero Charge) 0 ph PZC [2] PZC PZC PZC [3] PZC [4] PZC [3, 5] PZC [6] PZC [5, 7] PZC [8 10] (KZCX2-EW-405-1) (No ) * (glzhang@issas.ac.cn) (1989 ) zhangxh88520@163.com

2 ~ ~ mm ( 1) B B 10 表 1 剖面位置土壤类型与风化成土年龄 Table 1 Sampling location, soil types and ages ( ) (Ma) [11 13] (HB02) 0.09 ± 0.02 (HB12) 0.18 ± 0.08 (HB09) 0.60 ± 0.02 (HB01) 1.12 ± 0.02 (HB07) 1.81 ± 0.08 (HB06) 2.30 ± [14] ph KCl - HF-HNO 3 -HClO 4 DCB CEC (ph 7.0) HF-HClO 4 ICP-AES [15] - - (DCB) X CuK-alpha (λ = nm) 40 kv 40 ma 2 (2θ) [16] 0.5 g 50 ml 3 10 ml mol/l NaCl 10 min 0.01 mol/l HCl NaOH ph 2 ~ 9 CO 2 20 ml h ph ph H + OH HCl NaOH NaCl ph ph H + OH 3 ph ph(h 2 O) 9 (HB02) (HB01) (HB06) ph(h 2 O) 5.33 B ph [9] H 2 O ph KCl ph [17] [10] 表 2 土壤的基本性质 Table 2 Basic properties of soils ph SOC CEC 7 (cm) (H 2 O) (KCl) (H 2 O) (KCl) (g/kg) (cmol (+) /kg) (g/kg) (g/kg) (g/kg) (%) HB02 10 ~ HB12 20 ~ HB09 35 ~ HB01 65 ~ HB07 60 ~ HB06 60 ~

3 ~ g/kg ~ g/kg 230 (HB06) 44.05% 86.77% (R 2 = 0.92) 9 (HB02) 18 (HB12) [18] [19] CEC ph [20] CEC 4.74 ~ cmol (+) /kg 18 (HB12) CEC CEC 3 SiO 2 Fe 2 O 3 Al 2 O 3 CaO MgO K 2 O Na 2 O 60 (HB09) Fe 2 O 3 Al 2 O 3 B SiO 2 SiO 2 [21] (Sa) (Saf) 60 (HB09) 230 (HB06) Sa Saf CIW CIA 87.93% ~ 99.81% 84.09% ~ 99.35% K Na Ca CIW CIA 表 3 土壤中的大量元素 Table 3 Major elements of soils SiO 2 Fe 2 O 3 Al 2 O 3 CaO MgO K 2 O Na 2 O P 2 O 5 MnO TiO 2 Sa Saf CIW CIA (mg/g) (%) HB HB HB HB HB HB PZC PZC 20 PZC [6] PZC [5] PZC ~ ~ 3.12 [22] PZC 3 ~ 4 PZC 181 PZC 60 ~ 112 PZC Keng Uehara [23] PZC 4 ~ 6 PZC PZC 4.1 ~ 6.0 [24] B PZC 3.8 ~ 6.2 A PZC [16] PZC 60 ~ 112 PZC PZC PZC PZC PZC 2.5 [25]

4 (A 9 B 18 C 60 D 112 E 181 F 230 σ 1 ) 图 1 不同发育时间土壤 B 层的电位滴定曲线 Fig. 1 Potentiometric titration curves of soil B horizon of a soil chronosequence PZC H + PZC PZC 6 ~ 9 [26] DCB PZC [6] PZC PZC PZC 6 XRD ( 2) He [21] (0.721 nm nm) 230 (0.485 nm) (1.42 nm) Tschapek [27] PZC 2.8 ~ 4.8 PZC 7.3 ~ 7.8 PZC 2:1 PZC PZC [28] PZC [26] PZC PZC

5 2 351 PZC PZC [29] 图 2 Fig. 2 不同发育时间土壤 B 层黏粒的 X- 射线衍射谱 X-ray diffraction patterns of the clay fraction from soil B horizon of a soil chronosequence 1 6 (ZPT zero point of titration ph) σ 1 [16] 9 18 σ 1 20 cmol/100g ph cmol/100g cmol/100g 4.4 cmol/100g σ cmol/100g 0.2 cmol/100g 2.. 1, PZC ZPT PZC = ZPT [26] σ 1 [18] ph ph ph [3] ( 1) CEC ( 2) 2.3 PZC σ 1 ZPT Jiang [18] 1 B ph ph 5 ~ B PZC PZC PZC 4.75 ~ 5 ( 3) B PZC PZC B PZC 4 B PZC 5 图 3 B 层土壤电荷零点随母岩年龄的变化 Fig. 3 Change of soil PZC from B horizon with age of basalt Hendershot Lavkulich [30] ph PZC ( PZC ph ) PZC ZPT σ 1 PZC ph ph PZC ph PZC ( 4) PZC ph(h 2 O) ph PZC (R 2 = 0.93)

6 表 4 土壤的 PZC σ 1 及 ph PZC Table 4 PZC, σ 1 and ph PZC of soils PZC σ 1 ph ΔpH PZC (cmol/kg) (H 2 O) (KCl) (H 2 O) (KCl) HB HB HB HB HB HB ph(kcl) PZC ph PZC ( ) ( CEC ) [8] ( 5) PZC ph PZC CEC Sa Saf CIW CIA ( 2) PZC PZC 表 5 不同发育指标与成土母质年龄的相关性 Table 5 The correlation coefficient of different developmental indicators with soil parent material age CEC 7 Sa Saf CIW CIA ΔpH PZC (H 2 O) (KCl) 0.81 * * * 0.91 * 0.95 ** PZC PZC 3 PZC ph PZC PZC [1]. [M]. :, 1996: [2] Sposito G. On points of zero charge[j]. Environmental Science & Technology, 1998, 32: [3]. (ZPC) [J]., 1981, 18 (4): [4] Gallez A, Juo ASR, Herbillon AJ. Surface and charge characteristics of selected soils in tropics[j]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1976, 40(4): [5],,,. :., (PZC) (PZNC)[J]., 1999, 36(3): [6],.. [J]., 1992, 29(3): [7]. [J]., 1989, 9(4): [8],. [J]., 2000, 20(4):

7 2 353 [9],. [J]., 2001, 21(3): [10],,. [J]., 2010, 47 (4): [11],,,,,,,. [J]., 1989, 32(5): [12],. [J]., 1992( ): [13] Zhang GL, Pan JH, Huang CM, Gong ZT. Geochemical features of a soil chronosequence developed on basalt in Hainan Island, China[J]. Revista Mexicana De Ciencias Geologicas, 2007, 24(2): [14]. [M]. :, 1983 [15],. [M]. :, 2012: [16] Van Raij B, Peech M. Electrochemical properties of some Oxisols and Alfisols of the tropics[j]. Soil Science Society America proceeding, 1972, 36: [17] Sumner ME. Measurement of soil ph problems and solutions[j]. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 1994, 25(7/8): [18] Jiang J, Xu RK, Zhao AZ. Surface chemical properties and pedogenesis of tropical soils derived from basalts with different ages in Hainan, China[J]. Catena, 2011, 87(3): [19] Goldberg S, Kapoor BS, Rhoades JD. Effect of aluminum and iron-oxides and organic-matter on flocculation and dispersion of arid zone soils[j]. Soil Science, 1990, 150(3): [20]. [M]. :, 2000: 165 [21] He Y, Li DC, Velde B, Yang YF, Huang CM, Gong ZT, Zhang GL. Clay minerals in a soil chronosequence derived from basalt on Hainan Island, China and its implication for pedogenesis[j]. Geoderma, 2008, 148: [22]. ZPNC ph PZC [J]., 1992, 1 (1): 9 16 [23] Keng JKC, Uehara G. Chemistry, mineralogy and taxonomy of Oxisols and Ultisols[J]. Soil and Crop Science Society of Florida Proceedings, 1973, 33: [24] Anda M, Shamshuddin J, Fauziah CI, Omar SRS. Mineralogy and factors controlling charge development of three Oxisols developed from different parent materials[j]. Geoderma, 2008, 143 (1/2): [25] Sposito G. The Surface Chemistry of Soils[M]. New York: Oxford University Press, 1984: 234 [26] Parks GA, De Bruyn PL. The zero point of charge of oxides[j]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry, 1962, 66: [27] Tschapek M, Tcheichvili L, Wasowski C. The point of zero charge (PZC) of kaolinite and SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 mixtures[j]. Clay Minerals, 1974, 10: [28],,. [J]., 2001, 14: 1 4 [29]. ( )[D]. :, 2006: [30] Hendershot WH, Lavkulich LM. The use of zero point of charge to assess pedogenic development[j]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1978, 42:

8 Dynamic Change of Point of Zero Charge Along a Typical Soil Chronosequence in Tropical Hainan Island and Its Implications for Pedogenesis ZHANG Xin-hui 1,2, ZHANG Gan-lin 1*, YANG Jin-ling 1 (1 State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture (Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences), Nanjing , China; 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing , China) Abstract: The change of point of zero charge (PZC) with soil development degree and its implications for pedogenesis in tropical areas were discussed in this research. A soil chronosequence consisting of six soil profiles with age ranging from 0.09 Ma to 2.30 Ma, developed on basalt in the tropical Hainan Island, were collected. The means of potentiometric titration in different electrolyte strengths was used to measure the soil PZC, and the mineralogical composition was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The results showed that the soil PZC increased with increasing basalt age and degree of soil development, which may be due to the change of clay minerals and the enrichment of iron oxides. The potentiometric titration curves indicated that the permanent negative soil charge was reducing during soil development, combined with the decline of soil fertility retention ability. Compared with some other indices, the soil PZC could be a better indicator to evaluate the soil development time and soil weathered degree. Key words: PZC, Tropical soil, Soil chronosequence, Soil development degree

Microsoft Word 姜军_new_.doc

Microsoft Word 姜军_new_.doc 土壤 (Soils), 2015, 47(2): 422 426 DOI: 10.13758/j.cnki.tr.2015.02.034 1 离子强度对三种可变电荷土壤表面电荷和 Zeta 电位的影响 * ( () 210008) Zeta ph (PZSE) ( ) Zeta ph PZSE ( ) Zeta K + Na + K + Na + KNO 3 Zeta NaNO 3 Zeta PZSE