幻灯片 1

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "幻灯片 1"

辰胡
7 years ago
Views:

1 窦娥冤元代关汉卿 ( 约 1210 约 1300) 撰关汉卿, 字已斋叟, 大都 ( 今北京 ) 人金时曾任太医院尹, 入元不仕博学多才, 醉心于杂剧创作, 时亦登场演出, 一生创作杂剧 60 余种, 现存窦娥冤拜月亭望江亭救风尘等 15 种, 对元杂剧的形成与发展贡献最多窦娥冤全名为感天动地窦娥冤, 创作于晚年, 为作者最出色的悲剧作品写长安窦天章因功名未遂流落楚州, 为偿还债务, 将幼女端云卖给蔡婆为童养媳, 端云被改名为窦娥, 结婚三年后, 丈夫病死, 市井无赖张驴儿父子欺其孤寡, 欲霸占其婆媳为妻, 遭窦娥坚辞拒绝张驴儿投毒害蔡婆, 却毒死其父太守对蔡婆严刑拷打逼供, 窦不忍婆婆受刑, 含冤担罪, 被判斩刑法场上, 她以血溅素练, 六月降雪, 楚州大旱三年的誓愿以明己冤, 果一一应验后已任提刑肃政廉访使的父亲来此勘察, 终为辨明冤屈全剧真实地揭露了官府草菅人命恶霸横行的残酷现实, 强烈地表现了长期受压迫人民的反抗精神, 成功地朔造了善良刚烈的窦娥这一古代妇女形象结构谨严, 剪裁巧妙, 语言简炼而形象化此剧对后世影响深远, 广为演传, 在明代曾被改编为传奇, 各种元曲丛刊本和选刊本都收录了本剧 1983 年上海古籍出版社出版胡忌的元代戏曲选注中有本剧, 注解和介绍均通俗易懂, 便于阅读知识来源 : 王余光, 徐雁主编. 中国读书大辞典. 南京 : 南京大学出版社.1999.

2 关汉卿生卒年不详中国元代伟大的戏剧作家号已斋叟, 大都 ( 今北京市 ) 人关汉卿生活于元代初年, 可能做过太医院的医生 ; 他长期周旋于瓦肆勾栏之中, 躬践排场, 面敷粉墨, 偶倡优而不辞, 人称其驱梨园领袖, 总编修师首, 捻杂剧班头, 是当时戏剧界重要的领袖人物关汉卿一生著作丰厚, 共创作过 60 多部杂剧作品, 现存的有窦娥冤望江亭救风尘鲁斋郎单刀会等 18 部关汉卿的杂剧深刻反映了元代尖锐的阶级矛盾和民族矛盾, 集中暴露了当时社会的腐败和黑暗, 有力地鞭答了统治阶级横行霸道贪脏枉法的丑恶行径, 也热情地赞颂了下层人民的勇敢智慧的反抗精神, 具有鲜明的人民性关汉卿杂剧作品的艺术成就也十分突出, 人物形象个性鲜明, 正面角色光彩照人 ; 剧情曲折, 富于传奇色彩 ; 结构集中紧凑, 重点突出 ; 语言切合人物的身份性格, 生动流畅, 本色当行关汉卿通过毕生的戏剧艺术实践, 对杂剧形式的完美和繁荣发展做出了重要的贡献, 是元代杂剧的奠基人, 也是中国古典戏曲艺术最杰出的代表知识来源 : 欧阳周, 顾建华, 曹治国主编. 简明艺术辞典. 北京 : 中国和平出版社.1993.

3 27 ( ) Vol Journal of Hubei Normal University ( Philosophy and Social Science) No. 6, 2007 ( ),, ; ; ; I044 A ( 2007) ,,, : ( )?, :, :,, ;,,, ;,?,?,,,,,, [ 1, ],, :,,,,,, [ ] [ ] (1952 ) 35

4 ?,,?,,,,! :, : ;,?,,,,!,,,,, :,,,, :,?,?,, ;,,!?,,,,? :,?,,, [ 2 ], [ 2,, ], ( ),, : :,,, :?,?,,,, : :,,,,,,!??? 36

5 :, [ 2 ] :, :,,,,,?, ( )? :,, :?,?, [ 2 ],, :,, [ 3, ],,,,,,,,? ( )?,,,,,,,,, ;,?, ;, : :,,,,! [ 2 ],!,,!,,,! 37

6 : [ 2 ], [ 3 :, ],, [ 5 ] [ 4 ] [ ], [ 1 ] 1 [M ] 1 :, , [ 2 ] 1 [A ]1 [ C ] 1 :,, ) [ 3 ] 1 [M ]1 :, [ 4 ] 1 [M ]1 :, [ 5 ] 1 [ J ]1, 2003, (4) : 86 [ 2 ] : ( : ) An analysis of the narrative structure in Dou E Rancour WU Rui2xia (Chinese Department, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi , China) Abstract:According to L i Yu s "L i Zhu Nao" theory, narrating in a p lay should be " one person an one thing". The structure of Dou E Rancour by Guan Hanqing is also one person Dou E and one thing " forcing marriage". So we can conclude that L i Yu s "L i Zhu Nao" theory is the common regulation in p lay narrating. Key words: narrative structure; " Zhu Nao" ; refusal; " forcing marriage" 38

11 HUNDRED SCHOOL S IN ART 46 : (2004) ( ) : : ; ; ; :J :B Desperate Ruin On the Tragic Direction of Innocent DO U E ZHAN G Mo2han,BAI Mao2hua,,,,,,,,,, :!? :,! ( :) [ ] [ ],?,,[ ]

12 ?,,,,, [1 ] (p. 161) ,,,,, :,!!,,,,, [1 ] (p. 197) HUNDRED SCHOOL S IN ART,!,,,,, ( ) ( ) ( ),,,, ( :, ),,, ( ),, [2 ] (,, ),, (?),, (, ),,, ( ),

13 ,, ( ),,,, ( )?,,?,,, ( ),,,,,,, (, ) (, ), ( ),, ( ) (, ),,,,,,,,,,,, ( 107 ) ( ),,, HUNDRED SCHOOL S IN ART 48

14 HUNDRED SCHOOL S IN ART 1, 2, 3 ( ) ( ) ( 48 ),,,, : [1 ] ( ). [ M ]. :,1988. [2 ] ( ) ( ). [ M ]. :,

15 36 1 ( ) V o l. 36 N o. 1 JOURNAL OF ZHENGZHOU UN IVERSITY Jan (,, ) :,,,,,,, : ; ; : I : A : (2003) ,,,, : [ 1 ] ( P29), [ 2 ] (P225), [ 3 ],,,,,,, :,,,, ; ;,,,,,, : : (1959- ),,,, :,,,,, 15, 17 :,,,,,, , China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.

17 , ( ),,,!,,,,, ( ),,,,?,, ( ),,, ;,, :,,,?,?,, ( ) ), :,,,,, :,,,,,?,,!,, :,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,, : (, ),, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,, China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.

18 ,,, [5 ] ( ),,,,,,,, [5 ], ( ),,,,,,,,,,,, [6 ],,,, :,, [7 ],,,,,,, :, [8 ] :,? :!,, : :,,,,,? :,,,, ;,! ;, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,!,,, [ 4 ] (P273),,,,,, (, ), :, ( ),,, [5 ] ( ), ( ),,,,,,,,,,,, China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved

19 :,,,, [ 1 ],. : [M ]. :,, [9 ] [ 2 ] (P33 34),. : [M ]. :, [3 ].,, : [M ]. :, [4 ]. [A ]., [C ]. :, 1995.,, [5 ]. [M ]. :, 1997., [6 ]. : [M ]. :, [7 ]. [A ]., [C ]., [8 ]. [M ]. :, [ 9 ]. [M ]. :, [9 ] (P180), ( ) Connota tion of the Image of D ou e in Snow in M idsumm er and Guan s Purpose in W r iting the Play ZHU GE Y i2bing (Ch inese D ep t, Ch ina P eop le s U niversity, B eij ing , Ch ina) Abstract: Dou e, hero ine of S now in M id summ er by Guan H anqing of the Yuan D ynasty ( ), w as a w o rthy guard of Confucian eth ical code: w hat she w ants to defend even at the co st of her life are her chastity as a w idow and her duty to her mo ther2in2law. A t that tim e it w as quite common fo r a delicate girl like Dou e to keep herself vo luntarily w ith in bounds of inhum an m o rality and, consequently, to fall a victim to the feudal society. T he p lay defied the ruling of them ongo lians and criticized m o rality of the tim e, revealing a strong national consciousnesṡ Key words: Dou e; chastity of a w idow ; national consciousness China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.

22 Journal of Shaanxi Institute of Education Nov Vol. 22 No (1., ;2., ) : : ; ; : I :A : X(2006) , [1 ],,3,7,17,20,7,,,,,, : ; : : ( ) ; ( ) 67

23 ,,?,, ; [2 ],,,, :! 3 7,,,,, :, ;???! :,, :,!,,,?, [3 ]229,, : (heteronymous stage,5-8 ) (autonomous stage), 68

24 ;, ; [4, ]524, (authoritarian) [5, ],, [6, ]67,,, : :, ;,,,,, :, ;,,, ;,,,,, [ ] [1 ]. [J ].,2003 (3). [2 ]. [J ].,2003 (2). [3 ]. : [ M ]. :,1999. [4 ]. [ M ].. :,2004. [5 ]. [J ].,2005 (2). [6 ]. [ M ]. :,2002. [ ] ( 76 ) 69

25 size-t fread (void 3 ptr,size t size,size t nmemb,fil E 3 stream) 3. 2 sizeof :sizeof, void sizeof (max) max int ;sizeof (char v) MAX,sizeof (void) char v char ; char v[ MAX] [ ] [1 ]. C [ M ]. 2. :,2001 :42. [ ] Size of in the C Programming Language SU Qiu2ping (Shaanxi Institute of Education,Xi an , China) Abstract :Sizeof is one kind of monocular operators in C programming language. It produces t he size of t he storage space to t he corresponding operand by t he byte form. Considering t he probability t he versatility of soft2 ware aspect and so on, when software is developed, in the procedure the spatial size of one kind of data type should be obtained t hrough t he sizeof operator. This article has made t he detailed narration to t he sizeof operator in order to give some help to the readers. Key words :C language ; sizeof operator ; data type ( 69 ) A Character That Can t Be Ignored Simple Analysis of Dou Tiznzhang s Image in Dou E s Case of Injustice ZHEN G Pan2feng 1,Q IU Jie 2 (1. Xi an Commanding College of Chinese Armed Police Force,Xi an ,China ; 2. Shaanxi Institute of Education,Xi an , China) Abstract :In Dou E s Case of Injustice,Dou Tianzhang s appearance is not as much as the main charac2 ter. However,in development of the whole story,dou Tianzhang is a soul personage. The forming of Dou E s tragic destiny and wrongful treatment can be rehabilitated and had a direct connection with Dou Tianzhang. Dou Tianzhang s instruction has played a decisive role on Dou E s choice of feeling and truth chastity and filial piety. The final success of Dou E s chastity view at the cost of her life,from another point of view,is a victory of the ethics thought of Dou Tianzhang. Key words :et hics ;feudal scholar ;chasity view 76

幻灯片 1

幻灯片 1 二十年目睹之怪现状清吴沃尧 (1866 1910) 著吴氏原字茧人后改趼人广东南海人因居佛山故笔名我佛山人出身世宦之家因家道中落 20 多岁去上海谋生后客居山东又远游日本 1904 年任美国人办的楚报主笔后辞职返沪参加反华工禁约