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1 Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, July 2009, 17(4): DOI: /SP.J * 王宏民 1 张奂 2 郝赤 3 王曙光 3 张仙红 3** ( ) 采用扫描电镜观察玫烟色拟青霉 (Paecilomyces fumosoroseus) 分生孢子在小菜蛾 (Plutella xylostella) 幼虫体表的萌发和侵染过程及玫烟色拟青霉孢子粉孢子悬浮液和孢子培养液对小菜蛾幼虫的致病力结果表明 : 小菜蛾幼虫体表嵴状突起结构区附着的孢子较多, 刺状突起结构区附着的孢子较少 ; 刺状突起结构区附着的孢子萌发较早, 多数孢子在接菌后 16 h 开始萌发, 而嵴状突起结构区附着的孢子多数在 20 h 开始萌发, 在平缓结构区孢子萌发最迟在嵴状突起结构区和刺状突起结构区, 多数孢子萌发后产生芽管, 直接以芽管侵入幼虫体壁, 少数形成附着胞侵染寄主此外玫烟色拟青霉 3 种不同接菌方法对小菜蛾幼虫的侵染速率和致病力大小明显不同, 其中孢子培养液比孢子悬浮液和孢子粉对小菜蛾幼虫的侵染速率快, 接菌 44 h 虫体表现出明显的感病症状, 致死中时为 3.18 d; 孢子悬浮液和孢子粉处理的小菜蛾幼虫, 60 h 虫体出现感病症状, 致死中时分别为 4.20 d 和 4.34 d; 而且致病力大小也存在明显差异, 接孢子粉的处理明显高于孢子悬浮液和孢子培养液, 小菜蛾幼虫 6 d 的死亡率达 76.2%, 而其他两种处理小菜蛾幼虫 6 d 的死亡率仅为 59.8% 和 58.5% 本研究结果表明, 小菜蛾幼虫的体表结构影响玫烟色拟青霉孢子在寄主体表的附着萌发和侵入, 玫烟色拟青霉孢子粉对小菜蛾幼虫的致病力最强, 明显高于孢子悬浮液和孢子培养液玫烟色拟青霉小菜蛾体表结构区孢子萌发与侵入接菌方法致病力 : Q965.8 : A : (2009) Infection and pathogenicity of Paecilomyces fumosoroseus on Plutella xylostella WANG Hong-Min 1, ZHANG Huan 2, HAO Chi 3, WANG Shu-Guang 3, ZHANG Xian-Hong 3 (1. College of Economics and Trade, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu , China; 2. Basic Department, Jishan Normal Sub-college, Yuncheng College, Jishan , China; 3. College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu , China) Abstract We examined the infection of Paecilomyces fumosoroseus via electron microscopy scan and pathogenicity of P. fumosoroseus conidia powder, conidia suspension liquid and conidia broth. Results show more conidia in acanthoid surface topography than in spinous surface topography. Conidia germinates earlier in spinous surface topography than in acanthoid surface topography and head area. Most conidia in pinous surface topography germinate 16 h after inoculation, whereas those in acanthoid surface topography germinate after 20 h, followed by those in head areas. Most conidia penetrate host cuticle with germ tubes in acanthoid surface topography and spinous surface topography of host while a few conidia does so with appressorium. Furthermore, infection velocity and pathogenicity are affected by inoculation method. Conidia from cultured broth infect hosts faster than those from suspension liquid and conidia powder. Pathogenic symptom of diamondback moths treated with conidia cultured broth is observed 44 h after inoculation, but those treated with conidia suspension liquid and conidia power is notable till after 60 h. LT 50 of diamondback moth treated with conidia broth, conidia suspension liquid and conidia power are 3.18, 4.20 and 4.34 days respectively. Pathogenicity in- * (041016) ** : (1966~),,,, zxh6288@sina.com (1965~),,,, : :

2 4 : 705 duced by conidia powder is strongest and mortality is 76.2% at 6 days after inoculation. In contrast, mortality from conidia suspension liquid and conidia broth at the same time is 59.8% and 58.5% respectively. Conidia power has the highest pathogenicity. Key words Paecilomyces fumosoroseus, Plutella xylostella, Surface topography, Germination and penetration of conidia, Inoculation method, Pathogenicity (Received Aug. 6, 2008; accepted Jan. 15, 2009) (Plutella xylostella),,,,,,, [1] (Bt) [2 4], (Paecilomyces fumosoroseus) [5],,, [5 8], [9 12], [13],, 1 材料与方法 PF9606, 25 SDA 14 d 1.2 3, 3, 20 75%~80%, 3, h, 2 h 1, 16 h 4 h 1 3%, ( ) 接种孢子粉 3, 25 SDA 14 d,,,,, 6~7 mm 2 15 cm 20 75%~80%,, 3, 20, Duncan 接种孢子悬浮液 25 SDA 14 d, 0.1% 80 ( 10 min ), ml 1 3,, 6~7 mm 2 20, 3, 0.1% 接种孢子培养液 25 SDA 14 d, ml 1, 8 h, 结果与分析 2.1,,,,

3 ( 1),,, 表 1 小菜蛾幼虫体表不同结构区孢子附着数量的比较 Tab. 1 Number of P. fumosoroseus conidia on different surface topography of P. xylostella larva Topography Acanthoid surface topography Pinous surface topography Gentle surface Location Most area of body Thorax and around spiracle Head and spiracle Number of conidia ( mm 2 ) 7±1.38a 4±0.98b 16±2.10c 2.2, 16 h, 20 h ( 1a) 16 h ( 1b), 24 h ( 1c),,,, ( 1d, e),, ( 1f),, ( 1g, h), ( 1i), ( 1j), 2.3,,,,,,,,,,,, ,, 44 h, 72 h, 3.18 d, 60 h, 16 h, 96 h, 4.20 d 4.34 d 表 2 3 种不同接菌方法处理后小菜蛾幼虫的死亡率 Tab. 2 Death rate of P. xylostella treated by P. fumosoroseus inoculated with three methods Inoculation method Conidia power Conidia suspension liquid Conidia broth Death rate (%) Pupation incidence (%) LT 50 (d) 76.2±1.12a 20.4±1.39a ±1.37b 36.2±1.80b ±2.04b 38.4±1.56b 3.18, 6 d 76.2%, 20.4%, 11.7%, 9.1% 6 d 59.8% 58.5%, 36.2% 38.4%, 10.1% 11.4%,, 3 讨论,, [14],,,,,,,,,,

4 4 : 707 图 1 玫烟色拟青霉在小菜蛾体表不同结构区的萌发和入侵过程 Fig. 1 Germination and penetration of P. fumosoroseus on different surface topography of P. xylostella larva a 20 h Germinating conidia after inoculated for 20 h on acanthoid surface topography; b 16 h Germinating conidia after inoculated for 16 h on spinous surface topography; c 24 h Conidia adhere to head top after inoculated for 24 h; d 40 h Germinating conidia after inoculated for 40 h on acanthoid surface topography; e 36 h Germinating conidia after inoculated for 36 h on spinous surface topography; f 36 h Appressorium after inoculated for 36 h on acanthoid surface topography; g 40 h Germ tubes toward both sides after inoculated for 40 h on acanthoid surface topography; h 40 h Germ tubes toward both sides after inoculated for 40 h on spinous surface topography; i Oriented germ tubes toward cuticle; j Curved germ tubes toward cuticle.

5 , 3, 8 h,,,,,,,,,,, [15] 8 h,,,,,, 参考文献 [1] Talekar N. S., Sheleten A. M. Biology-ecology and management of diamondback moth[j]. Annual Review of Entomology, 1993, 38: [2] Wright D. J., Iqbal M., Granero F., et al. A change in a single midgut receptor in diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) is only in part responsible for field resistance to Bacillus thur- ingiensis subsp. Kursai and B. thuringiensis supsp. Aizawai[J]. Appl. Environ. Microb., 1997, 63: [3],,,. Bt [J]., 1993, 20(3): [4],,,. Bt &- Bt [J]., 2006, 49(1): [5],. [J]., 1999, 21(3): [6],,. [J]., 1986, 2(3): [7],. [J]. :, 1999, 25(6): [8],,,. :Ⅰ [J]., 1980 (6): [9],,, [J]., 2004 (2): [10],. ph[j]., 2003, 29(1): [11],. [J]., 2002, 21(4): [12],,,. [J]., 2007, 50(6): [13],,,. [J]., 2006, 49(2): [14],,,. [J]., 2005, 48(2): [15],,,. [J]., 2001, 20(3):

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3 461 DNA lx PDV PDV 2 10% ~ 15% PDV PDV 1 PDV PDV PDV Tagashira PDV d 5 Co Chinese Bulletin of Entomology 2010 47 3 460 ~ 466 檻檻檻檻檻檻檻檻檻檻檻檻檻檻 * 450002 Parasitic effects on host Plutella xylostella testes by two endoparasitoids. HE Fan BAI Su-Fen LI Xin CHAO Yun-Fei College of