6 (New Sttes) (Nnochemistry)(Quntum Confinement Effect) (Surfce Energy)(Nno-microstrcture) 1~1 nm <1nm >1 nm 1~2 Debye Length
(1-3) (4-6) Nture / (uutung Flucctution) (New Sttes)(Quntum Corrl) (7) Quntum Corrl (STM) 48 61
Energy 2Molecules Cluster Q-Size Prticle Semiconductor Lumo 5 Conduction Bnd (L) Cmo Bndgp > Bndgp Homo 5 Vlence Bnd Quntum Corrl 62 (edge wve) Dimension Length (untum Confinement) (8) (Bndgp) (VB)(CB) CdS CdSe InP InAs (Nnocrystl) (9- Ti 2 12)
1 Normlized fluorescence () (b) 6. 4.6 3.6 2.8 4.6 3.5 3. 4.6 3.6 3.1 2.4 2.1nm InAs InP CdSe % of Atoms in Bulk/on Surfce 8 6 4 2 Bulk Atoms Surfce Atoms 1771 133 729 564 46 Wvelength (nm) 5 1 15 2 25 3 35 Prticle Size (nm) () CdSe InP InAs (b) ZnS CdS CdSe (5) 1nm 1nm 2% 99% 1 1nm 1m 2 1nm S.B.Zhng (13) GInP 2 P P 63
() (b) h= 1 2 3 4 () 2 1 [1] (b) 1 2 [1] (c) 2 3 [11] [11] [11] [11] β site α site ction nion h= 1 2 3 4 5 () (b) GInP 2 P 64 Fullurene 195 () 7-11 shell (b) 11-4 shell (c) 13-6 shell SEM C 6 C 7 Al 1991 C 6 (Al 2 3 ) (15) (16) (17, 18) C 6 (14)
(19) Zheng et l (2) 6nm 16nm Ti 2 Normlized InterfcilTension 1.9.8.7.6 5 1 15 2 Reltive prticle size Morrison (21) Lewis Brönsted C 2 H 2 C 2 -H C 2 Sn 2 n- C (15) M H C M () C M (b) C C C C M M M M (c) (d) (e) C 2 () M-H, (b) M, (c), (d)(e) M- 65
Diffuse Infrred Energy (.u.) 19 17 15 13 Co ddition Evcution 2 ddition decresing conductivity 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 Time (min) N-Sn 2 623K 66 623K C Mrie-Isbell Brton Diffused Reflectnce FT-IR C 2 Sn 2 2 C 2 Sn 2 C 2 C 2 (22) MCM-41 (23) ZSM-5 (24) porous-si (25)
pticl Density pticl Density.6.5.4.3.2.1.6.5.4.3.2.1 45 5 55 6 65 7 λ (nm) Aqueous solution pectr of dye D, 25 C AgBr (28) DE25 C() 1-4 (b) 5 1-5 (c) 1-5 (d) 5 1-6 E AgBr () 4.96 1-6 M/m 2 (b) 3.12 1-6 M/m 2 (c) 2.76 1-6 M/m 2 (26) Al 2 3 873K 1373K 15nm 8nm IR (27) b c d 45 5 55 6 65 7 λ (nm) Aqueous solution pectr of dye E, 25 C 6 5 7 4 S N CH C CH (CH 2) 3 C 2H 3 S 3H b c d S 3 7 S N + (CH 2) 3 4 6 5 % Reflectnce % Reflectnce 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 5 55 6 65 7 75 λ (nm) Reflectnce spectr of dye D on AgBr b c b b c 5 55 6 65 7 75 λ (nm) Reflectnce spectr of dye E on Ag Br Dye D 6, 7 nd 6, 7 = Dye E 4, 5 nd 4, 5 = 67
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