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戎胥
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9 t H θ m [] Q Q q []

11 9. 69kJ g q kJmol g mol C(s) 1 2 O (g) = CO(g) 2 SI n mol H 2H+H22H2+O2 [N2H41+O2g N2g+2H2O1] qp qv [4]

12 1 C( ) O 2 (g) = CO(g), ( 2), 2 CO(g) CO (g),co(g) O 2 ( g) = CO2( g), 2 CO(g) 1 O 2 (g) = CO 2 ( g) 2

15 U (10) (273100) kjmol = kJmol -1 = 37.53kJmol -1

16 H θ m 1 H 2 (g) + O 2 (g) = H 2O( 1); 2 θ m θ m T P=P

17 4 Al(s) O2 ( g ) = 2 Al2O 3(s); Al(s) O 2 ( g) Al 2O 3(s) 3 3 Al(s) 3 1 O 2 ( g) Al 2O 3 (s); 4 2 Al(s) 3 1 O 2 ( g) Al 2O 3 (s) 4 2 aabb=gg+dd -aa-bb+ggdd=0 -VaA-VbB+vGG+vDD= th298.15k= K kJ d=dnb/vb =1mol 1mol

18 2Al(s) 3 O 2 ( g) Al2O 3(s); 2 2Al(s) 3 O2 ( g) Al2O 3 (s) 2 1 SO2 ( g) + O 2 ( g) = SO3( g) 2 H ( K) = { f H ( N2, g, K) + 2f H ( H2O, 1, K)} { f H ( N 2H4, 1, K) + f H ( O2, g, K)} 1 = { ( ) } kjmol 1 = kJmol

19 ( ) kJ mol kJmol 2 8

20 c K=-393.5kJ mol-1 ch K=-32.8kJ g-1 ch H

21 1 CO(g) O 2 (g) = CO 2 (g) 2 1 H 2 (g) O 2 (g) = H 2O(1) 2

22 25 C8H 18 (1) O 2 (g) = 8CO 2 (g) 9H2O(1) 2

23 U + 1 n ( )

24 U + n Sr + Ce + 2 n + 4_ e U 3 8Sr 5 8Ce 1 0n( ) _ 1 e ( ) g E = kjmol = kj g mol 2 1 H 3 1 H 2 1 H + H He + n H H He n g 9-1 E = kjmol 1 1 ( ) gmol 0 0 1

25 4 4 0 H He + 2 n e θ θ f H (298.15K) r H (298.15K) m m

26 θ r H (298.15K) θ f H (298.15K) θ r H m (298.15K) θ f H m(298.15k) m θ f H m(298.15k) θ f H (G,298.15K) θ rh m (298.15K) θ f H m (A,298.15K) m θ f H m (D,298.15K) m θ f H m(b,298.15k) r H θ m θ θ r H (298.15K) r H (T) m 25 C8H 18 (1) O 2 (g) = 8CO 2 (g) 9H2O(1) 2 m

27 r H θ m f H θ m f H θ m r H θ m

28 r H θ m 1 H 2 (g) O 2 (g) = H 2O 2 (1) 2H (g) O (g) = 2H O (1) (d)ch 4 (g) + O 2 (g) = CO(g) + 2H2O(l) 2

29 r H θ m r H θ m r U θ m r H θ m f H θ m

30 rg θ m r G m r G θ m r G θ m

32 θ S m r S θ m

33 2.1 ts298.15k= 1.11

34 r S = q T (2.2) 1 q H O S θ fus ( 2 ) 600Jmol 1 1 = = = Jmol K T K 2.2 q r qr

36 1 2 g d p G p p D p G = G + RT ln { ( ) / } { ( ) / } a b { p( A) / p } { p( B) / p } g d { p( G) / p } { p( D) / p } a b p( A) / p } { p( B) / p }

37 g d p G p p D p G = G + RTln { ( ) / } { ( ) / } a b { p( A) / p } { p( B) / p } = G + RTln ( 2. 6) a b g d p( A) p ( B) >> p( G) p ( D) g d { p( G) / p } { p( D) / p } = Q << 1 a b { p( A) / p } { p( B) / p }

38 fg m G r m θ θ = { G ( K)} { G ( K)} f θ = { g fg ( G, K) + d fg ( D, K)} θ θ = { a G ( A, K) + b G ( B, K)} f θ f f θ θ θ G = H TS T T T G θ T H θ T S θ T H θ T S θ T G θ T G θ T G θ T

39 ( )kjmol ( )kjmol

40 2CuO(s) = Cu2O(s) 1 O 2 (g) 2 1 f H (O 2, g,298.15k)} - 2f H (CuO,s,298.15K G θ T G T θ T K = 1322K

41 g d p G p p D p G = G + RT ln { ( ) / } { ( ) / } a b { p( A) / p } { p( B) / p } eq g eq d p G p p D p 0 = G + RT ln { ( ) / } { ( ) / } eq a eq b { p ( A) / p } { p ( B) / p } eq g eq d ln { p ( G ) / p } { p ( D ) / p } { p ( A) / p } { p ( B) / p } eq a eq b = G θ / RT ln { eq ( ) / } g { eq ( ) / } d p G p p D p = eq a eq b { p ( A) / p } { p ( B) / p } eq g eq d = eq a eq b { p ( G) / p } { p ( D) / p } { p ( A) / p } { p ( B) / p }

42 eq g eq d { p ( G) / p } { p ( D) / p } = K (2.10) eq a eq b { p ( A) / p } { p ( B) / p } eq g eq d c G c c D c G = G + RT ln { ( ) / } { ( ) / } eq a eq b { c ( A) / c } { c ( B) / c } eq g eq d { c ( G) / c } { c ( D) / c } = K ( 212. ) eq a eq b { c ( A) / c } { c ( B) / c } { p ( NH3) / p } K = eq eq { p ( N2 ) / p }{ p ( H 2) / p } 1 3 N 2 ( g) + H 2 ( g) = NH3( g) 2 2 eq eq 2 { p ( NH 3 ) / p } K = eq 1 / 2 eq { p ( N ) / p } { p ( H ) / p } /2 IUPAC K SI 1

43 eq { p ( N2 ) / p }{ p ( H2 ) / p } K = eq 2 { p ( NH ) / p } 3 eq K = 1 K θ = 100 p( A) n( A) n( A) = p( A) = p p n n p( B) n( B) n( B) = p( B) = p (2.14) p n n 3

44 p( A) n( A) p θ = θ p n p p( B) n( B) p θ = θ (2.15) p n p θ θ G lnk = RT (. ) J mol = = Jmol K 673K / mol / mol x x x x x x x x

45 K eq eq = { p ( CO2 ) / p }{ p ( H2 ) / p } eq eq { p ( CO) / p }{ p ( H O) / p } {( x / 4. 00) ( p / p )}{( x / 4. 00) ( p / p )} θ θ {( x) / ( p / p )}{( 200. x) / ( p / p )} 2 2 = x / ( x) θ 2 θ K {( y / 6. 00) ( p / p )}{( y / 6. 00) ( p / p )} θ θ {( y) / ( p / p )}{( y) / ( p / p )} θ θ

46 Jmol = -1 1 = Jmol K K -1 - (-33.8) 1000Jmol -1 1 = Jmol K 1173K

50 1 6 k dm6 mol-2 s-1

51 = kc(chcl ) c(cl )} = kc(chcl ) {c(cl )}

52 1 2 1 T / k T y x ( ) ( ) = 1 = 1 = 12460K ( ) K K

53 Ea a = R lnk(t ) = a 2 T + 2 lnk(t ) = a 1 T + 1 k ln ( T2 ) a a 1 1 = = = a k( T ) T T T T x y v( T2 ) = k( T2 ) { c( A)} { c( B)} ( 1) x y v( T ) = k( T ) { c( A)} { c( B)} ( 2) 1 1 x y v( T2 ) k( T2 ) { c( A)} { c( B)} k( T2 ) = x y = v( T ) k( T ) { c( A)} { c( B)} k( T ) 1 1 1

54 v ln ( T2 ) k ln ( T2 ) 1 1 = = a v( T1 ) k( T1 ) T 2 T 1 Ea 1 1 = R T2 T1 Ea( T2 T1 ) = RT T 1 2 v ln ( T2 ) k ln ( T2 ) Ea ( T2 T1 ) = = v( T ) k( T ) RT T v( T2 ) t1 48h = v( T1 ) t 2 4h v ln ( T2 ) Ea ( 301K 278K) = 1 1 v( T1 ) Jmol K 278K 301K 48 ln = Ea Jmol 23 v ln ( 298K ) Ea ( T2 T1 ) v( 288K) RT1T Jmol ( ) K = 1 1 = Jmol K 288K 298K

55 v( 298K) 2.9 v( 288k)

58 a,1 lnk = - E 1 RT + lna (1) lnk = - E 2 + lna (2) RT Ea, 2 Ea, 1 lnk 2 ln k1 = RT RT k 2 E a, 1 Ea, 2 ln = k1 RT v 2 k 2 ln = ln v k v 2 Ea, 1 Ea, 2 ln = v RT v ln v a,2 1 1 ( ) 1000Jmol = Jmol K k v2 18 = v 1 = v ln v ( ) 1000Jmol = Jmol K 773k v2 7 = v 1 =

60 ppm partspermillion B xb B wb

61 θ G RT

62 x x 2x eq θ θ { p ( NO) / p } K = eq θ 1/ 2 eq θ 1/ 2 { p ( N ) / p } { p ( O ) / p } 2 { 2x / 1 p / p } θ θ {( x) / 1 p / p } {( x) / 1 p / p } 2 θ 1 / 2 1 / 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 2x ( x) ( 021. x) 1/ 2 1/ ( 0. 78) ( 021. )

63 NO 2 (g) NO(g) + O(g) ( 392nm) M Science ppm Mg/24.45dm3=1 10-3Mmg/ m3=M/24.45mg m-3

64 m 4 m 2

65 4 2 0 e

66 n N + n C + H , / 1 C N + e t1 2 = 5730a

67 C 7 N + e, t1/ 2 = 5730a k = = = a t 5730a 1/ a t = ln x o x = ln xo 0.795x = ln1.26 o ln1.26 t = -4-1 = 1900a a θ m θ m θ θ m m 6

68 θ θ θ m m m θ m θ m p G p p D p Q = { ( ) / } { ( ) / } θ a θ { p( A) / p } { p( B) / p } θ θ c G c c D c Q = { ( ) / } { ( ) / } θ a θ { c( A) / c } { c( B) / c } g g θ θ m θ m θ d b θ m θ m d b θ m θ m θ m θ m θ m θ θ m m θ m θ m θ m θ m m θ m θ m θ

69 θ m θ m θ m θ m θ m eq θ g eq θ d θ p G p p D p K = { ( ) / } { ( ) / } eq θ a eq θ b { p ( A) / p } { p ( B) / p } K θ eq θ g eq θ d c G c c D c = { ( ) / } { ( ) / } eq θ a eq θ b { c ( A) / c } { c ( B) / c } θ m θ m θ m θ m θ m Ea lnk = α + ln A = + β ( ) RT T v ln ( T2 ) k ln ( T2 ) Ea 1 1 Ea ( T2 T1 ) = = = ( 2. 24) v( T ) k( T ) R T T RT T

70 θ m θ θ m θ m m θ m θ m θ m θ m θ θ m 1 2 m

71 θ m θ m θ m

72 θ m θ m (a) (b) (c) θ m θ m θ m θ m m θ

73 θ m θ m θ m 3 2 θ m θ m θ θ m θ m θ θ m θ θ m θ m m m m

74 θ 1 θ 2 θ θ H 2( g) + Cl2 ( g) = HCl( g) 2 2 θ m θ m θ m

75 1 H 2O 2 ( l) H 2O( l) + O 2 ( g) N 2( g) + O 2 ( g) = NO( g) 2 2 θ m

77 n( B) p = p( A) ( 31. ) n

78 273.15K

80 n V

84 θ b eq + θ eq { c ( H, aq) / c } { c ( Ac, aq) / c } Ka ( HA) = eq θ c ( HA, aq) / c θ KKa Kb K

85 eq + eq c ( H ) c ( A ) Ka ( HA) = eq c ( HA) 2 ca ca ca Ka = = c( 1 a) 1 a K a / c K a c eq + eq c ( H ) c ( Ac ) xx Ka = eq = = c ( HAc) x 2 x x eq c ( H ) K c = moldm moldm a NH4+ NH4Cl

86 eq a 6 3 c ( H, aq) K c = moldm = moldm K a1 eq + eq c ( H ) c ( HS ) = eq = c ( H S) 2 eq + eq 2 c ( H ) c ( S ) 12 Ka2 = eq = c ( HS ) eq a1 5 3 c ( H ) K c = moldm = moldm + 4 eq + eq c ( BH ) c ( OH ) K = K b = eq c ( B)

87 eq c ( HAc) c ( OH ) K b = eq c ( Ac ) eq eq eq + eq c ( HAc) c ( OH ) c ( H ) c ( Ac ) KbK a = eq eq c ( Ac ) c ( HAc) eq + eq = c ( H ) c ( OH ) eq 3 K w = 5 Ka K b / c K b c 2 3 eq b 6 3 c ( OH ) K c = moldm = moldm 2 3 Ac-aq NaAc

89 eq + c ( H ) c ( ) Ka = eq c ( ) eq eq + c ( ) c ( H ) = Ka eq c ( ) eq eq ( 316. ) c ( ) ph = pka lg eq (. ) c ( ) 317 eq + c c ( H ) = K a c eq eq ( HAc) ( Ac ) eq c ( HAc) 0 ph = pka lg eq. lg = c ( Ac ) moldm a 3 100% = 00176% moldm cm moldm moldm ( ) cm 0110 x 0110 ph lg (. ) lg. = ( x)

91 eq + θ eq θ 2 { c ( Ag, aq) / c }{ c ( NH3, aq) / c } K = eq + θ { c ( Ag( NH ), aq) / c } 3 2 eq + eq 2 { c ( Ag )}{ c ( NH3)} K = eq + c ( Ag( NH ) ) [ Ag( NH 3) 2 ] = [ Ag( NH3)] + NH3 q + eq ce ( Ag( NH 3 ) ) c ( NH3) K1 = eq + c ( Ag( NH ) ) 3 2

92 + + [ Ag( NH3)] = Ag + NH 3 eq + eq c ( Ag) ) c ( NH3) K2 = eq + c ( Ag( NH3) ) + + [ Ag + 2NH3 = [ Ag( NH 3) 2 ] eq + c ( Ag( NH3) 2 ) Kf = eq + eq 2 { c ( Ag )}{ c ( NH 3)} K f = 1 K i

93 θ θ eq + θ eq θ K = K ( AgCl) = { c ( Ag, aq) / c }{ c ( Cl, aq) / c } sp + θ θ K ( A B ) = { c ( A ) / c } { c ( B ) / c } sp n m eq m n eq n m K ( A B ) = { c ( A )} { c ( B )} sp n m eq m+ n eq n m θ sp 1 θ Jmol lnk = lnk SP(AgCl) = JK mol K = K θ ( AgCl ) = sp

94 2 1 s = K = moldm = moldm 1 sp K = { c ( Ag )} { c ( CrO )} = ( 2s ) s = 4s sp eq + 8 eq s 3 2 K = sp / 4 = moldm = moldm 4

96 eq 2 eq 2 eq 2 + K c ( SO 4 ) c ( SO4 ) c ( Ca ) = eq 2 = eq eq + c ( CO ) c ( CO ) c ( Ca 2 ) Ksp ( CaSO ) = = 9 = KSP( CaCO 3)

97 mol dm-3 AlO aq AlO

99 2 4 2_

100 O CO + H O + O CO + H O + SO + O CO + H O + NO

101

102

103

104 2

105

106 θ r Gm lnk = RT 2 ca K = K a = ( 3. 6) 1 a θ a Ka / c ( 38. ) eq + c ( H ) = ca K c ( 39. ) a ca K = K b = 1 a ( 312. ) a Kb / c ( 314. ) K b c c eq ( ) eq c ( ) c eq ( ) eq c ( )

107 K SP 3 K sp /

108

109 + 4

110 K b c K b / c 2

111 Ka c

112 2 3

113 θ m θ m

114

115 ϕ θ ϕ θ ϕ 1953 IUPAC E kPa [4]

116 RT c Cl ϕ ϕ θ ln ( ) θ nf c RT c Cl ϕ ϕ θ ln ( ) θ nf c ϕ θ

117 ϕ θ ϕ θ ϕ θ ϕ θ ϕ θ ϕ θ { c / ( G) / c } { c / ( D) / c } θ a θ b { c / ( A) / c } { c / ( B) / c } θ g θ g θ RT c G c c D c ln { / ( ) / } { / ( ) / } θ a θ b ( 4. 2a) nf { c / ( A) / c } { c / ( B) / c } RT F d θ d

118 θ g V lg { c / ( G ) / c } { c / ( D ) / c } θ a θ b ( 4. 2b) n { c / ( A) / c } { c / ( B) / c } ϕ θ ϕ θ ϕ θ ϕ θ V c lg ( Zn ) 2+ 2 c( Cu ) V c lg ( Zn V = V ) θ ϕ = ϕ θ lg { ( ) / } a V c c θ b n { c( ) / c } θ ϕ = ϕ θ lg { ( ) / } b V c c θ a n { c( ) / c } b ϕ = ϕ θ V c ( ) lg a n c ( ) θ d 2+

119 θ + ϕ( / ) ϕ θ V ( / ) lg { p ( H 2 H H H H ) / P } 2 = θ 2 2 { c( H ) / c } ϕ θ 2+ ϕ( / ) ϕ θ V c Zn Zn = + lg n c a b ( ) ( ) V 2 ϕ ϕ θ 4 θ V c ( OH ) ϕ = ϕ lg θ n { P( O2) / p } 4 θ V ( ) = ϕ lg 4 ( / ) V 4 = V lg( ) = V ϕ = ϕ θ V V 2 lg c ( OH ) = V lg( ) = V

120 4 ϕ θ 4 ϕ( / ) ϕ θ. ( / ) lg ( ) 8 ( V c MnO4 c H MnO Mn MnO Mn ) 4 = c( Mn ) V 5 8 = V + lg( ) 5 4

121 ϕ θ ϕ ϕ ϕ θ 4 ϕ θ 4 ϕ θ ϕ θ ϕ θ ϕ θ ϕ θ 4 ϕ θ ϕ θ 4 ϕ 4 ϕ θ ϕ 4 ϕ θ

122 4 ϕ ϕ ϕ θ ϕ θ ϕ ϕ ϕ ϕ θ ϕ θ ϕ θ ϕ θ ϕ θ ϕ ϕ ϕ θ V V 2 ϕ ϕ θ ϕ

123 θ V c G c c D c E = E lg { ( ) / } { ( ) / } θ a θ n { c( A) / c } { c( B) / c } θ g g d θ V c ( G) c ( D) E = E lg a b n c ( A) c ( B) θ V θ E = lgk n θ θ ne lgk = V θ θ ne 2. V lgk = = = V V lg ( 2+ c Sn ) 2+ = c( Pb ) 2+ θ c( Sn ) K = 2+ = c( Pb ) θ d b

124 ϕ θ ϕ θ ϕ θ ϕ θ ϕ θ ϕ θ θ θ ne 2. V lgk = = = V V K θ = MnO ( s) + 2NH ( aq) + 2e = Mn O ( s) + 2NH ( aq) + H O + 2+ Zn( s) + 2MnO ( s) + 2NH ( aq) = Zn ( aq) + Mn O ( s) + 2NH ( aq) + H O( l)

125

126 2+ Cu ( aq) + 2Cl ( aq) = Cu( s) + Cl2( g); 1 G θ ( K) = kJmol

127 1 2

128 1 H 2O + O 2 + 2e = 2OH 2 θ ϕ ϕ θ. ( / ) lg { ( ) / } 1/ V p O2 P O2 OH = c ( OH ) V 7 = V lg( ) = V 2 + ϕ ϕ θ V c ( H ) ( H / H2 ) = + lg θ 2 { p( H2 ) / P } V 7 2 = 0V + lg( ) = V 2 E = ϕ( ) ϕ( ) = V ( V) = 123. V 2 +

129

130 ϕ ϕ ϕ θ ϕ 2 4

131 ϕ θ ϕ

132 1986

133

134 1 O 2( g) + H 2O( l) + 2e = 2OH ( aq) 2 1 O 2( g) + H 2O( l) + 2e = 2OH ( aq) 2 ϕ ϕ

135 ϕ ϕ ϕ

136 3 n+ n + 3

137

138 2 7

139

140 Ag ϕ θ + ( H / H 2 ) = 0 θ m θ V c G c c D c E = E lg { ( ) / } { ( ) / } θ a θ n { c( A) / c } { c( B) / c } θ g θ d b

141 θ ϕ = ϕ θ lg { ( ) / } a V c c θ b n { c( ) / c } θ ϕ = ϕ θ lg { ( ) / } b V c c θ a n { c( ) / c } ϕ ϕ θ θ ne lgk = ( 4. 4) V

142 2 4 ϕ ϕ θ ϕ ϕ ϕ

143 ϕ

144

145

146 ϕ θ ϕ θ ϕ θ ϕ θ ϕθ θ sp ϕ θ

147 E = 2 kjmol n n n 1 2

148 λ = h mv

149 &O m E V e r 5.2

150 1 1 +, 2 2

151 ψ(, θ, φ) r Y( θ, φ) 3 πa e r a πa 1 πa 1 πa 1 πa / 2 r ( 2 )e r / a a r 2 e r / ( ) a 0 cosθ a r 2 e r / ( ) a 0 sinθ cosφ a 0 r 2 e r / ( ) a 0 sin θ sin φ a a e r a a 3 0 / 1 r ( 2 )e r / a a 1 r 2 3 ( )e r / a 0 24a 0 a 0 0 4π 1 0 4π 3 cosθ 4π 3 4π 3 4π sin θ cosφ sin θ sin φ r r ψls = 1 a a ls ls πa e = R Y = a e ( 56. ) 4π Y s = 4π 1 4π 3 Y pz = cosθ 4π Y pz = 3 cosθ 4π

152 ψ 2 ρ ψ 2 r s = a 3 πa e 0

153

154

155

156

157

158 s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4s

159

160

161

162

163

164 K kPa

165 θ 1 θ 2

166

167

168

169

170

171 gmol -1

172

173 z z EL + r + r + 6.3

174

175

176

177

178

179

180

181

182

183

184 θ m

185

186

187 4.5g cm-3

188 2 2

189 ϕ ϕ

190

191

192 θ θ G ( T) H ( K) θ T S ( K) H ( K) S ( K) 1 kj mol 1 1 kjmol K 4 2 Al + O 2 = Al 2O Cr + O2 = Cr2O3 3 3

193

194

195

196 2 4 [27]

197 4 7

198

199

200

201

202 W18Cr4V W6Mo5Cr4V2

203 1K 60 40

204

205

206 eq θ θ p CO p K = { ( ) / } 2 eq θ { p ( CO ) / p } 2 eq θ 2 { p ( CO) / p } eq θ { p ( CO ) / p } θ 2 { p( CO) / p } θ { p( CO ) / p } 2 2

207 2 θ 2 { p( CO) / p } θ { p( CO ) / p } eq θ { p ( NH 3) / p } eq θ 3/2 { p ( H 2) / p } 2 H

208 1 2

209 4 2 4

210

211 CH-CH2 n

212

213 gcm M 3+ nm nm 6.903( ) 6.966( )

214

215 θ m

216

217

218 θ m

219 θ m

220 s -1 H fullerenes -C60 -C70

221 H 2

222

223

224

225

226

227

228 GeGeGaAsZnSe CuBr

229 1eV J J mol-1

230 ϕ θ ϕ θ ϕ ϕ 3 3 ϕ θ ϕ θ 3

231 ϕ θ 2 6 ϕθ H 2 ( g) + O 2( g) H 2O( g) Cl2 1/3 6

232 ϕ θ HClO HCl O2

233 4 ϕ θ 4 4 ϕ θ ϕ θ ϕ θ 3

234 ϕ θ ϕ θ ϕ θ ϕ θ ϕ θ

235

236 HPOOH2 HOPOOH2

237 HClOHBroHIO Rx

238 SbOClBiOCl SbOH2ClBiOH2Cl

239 θ a H3PO4 CuO

240

241

242

243

244

245 pv=ft china chinaclay

246

247

248 m=2 A A 3A4A5A nmm= X 10X 13X nm m= Y 1.00nm

249 MoS2 BN

250 SNn S m-1

251

252 [39] [35] PbZrTiO3 PbTiO3 Ti Zr

253

254

255

256

257

258 θ m θ m

259

260

261

262

263

264

265

266

267 Tf

268

269

270 δ = E V m 1/ 2

271

272 2-

273

274

275

276

277

278 E

279

280

281

282

283

284

285

286

287

288

289

290

291

292 θ m θ m

293 θ m θ m θ m θ m θ m v v2 1 θ m

294 ϕ θ ϕ ϕ θ ϕ θ m ϕ 4 ϕ θ ϕ θ ϕ 2 7 ϕ θ ϕ 4 ϕ θ ϕ θ

295 θ sp ϕ θ ϕ θ

296

297

99710b45zw.PDF

99710b45zw.PDF 1 2 1 4 C && Zn H H H H H Cl H O H N H H H CH C H C H 3 2 5 3 7 H H H H CH 3 C2H 5 H H H O H H O K K O NO 2 H O NO 2 NO O 2 C2H5 H O C2H5 C H O C2H3 2 5 H H H O H H O 1826 O