dqi = fi(q 1, Q 2, Q n ), 1 i n. dt

1981 6 ( ) l l l l l l l l l 12 12 10 10 9 9 8 9 8 6 6 6 5 5 6 6 6 6 l l 2 2 1 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 l 2 l l 2 l l 2 2 l 2 l l l l l 5 5 8 7 8 9 9 10 10 24 24 26 26 25 25 26 27 27 0 1 1 0 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 0 0 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 l l l l l l l 32 32 33 33 35 37 36

l l l l 1 170 3.6 10 10 9 9 9 1598 34.4 5 6 6 6 986 21.2 1 1 2 2 272 5.8 2 2 204 4.496 2 2 2 2 340 6.3 3 3 2 2 408 8.7 2 Z 2 2 2 340 6.3 l 1 1 1 1 170 3.6 (3) (3) (204) l 1 1 1 1 170 3.6 9 9 10 11(11 10(11 26 27 28 28(31) 28(31) 4658(4862) l 1 2 2(1) 2(1) 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2(1) 2(1) 2 2 2 2 2 31 33 35135(36 35(36

2 ( 8)

8(a) 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 5 10 3 3. 5 10 3 4. 2 2 3 3.

1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 ( ) 3 3 3

1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 4 2 4 3 3 3 4 4

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 3 4 30 4 ( ) 3 4 15 20 4

2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 ( 2 ) 3 3 3 3 3 ( ( ) )

3 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 ( ) 3 3 3 4 2 2 4 ( ) 3 3

4 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 3 5 2 4 5 4 4 5 ( ) 2

5 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 3 4 4

6 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 3 3 4

1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2. 2 2 3 3 3 2 4. 4. 3. 3 4. 5. 4. ( 5. 5. ; ) 4. 5. 3 4., 5., 5.

1 1 1 1 1. 1 2 2. 2 3. 3 3 4. 4. 10 12 4. 4. ( ( 5. ) )5 ; ( ; 6. ) ( 2 2 2 3 3. 3. ; 4. 4.

1 1 1.1 1 1 2 2. 2 1 2 2 2 2. 3. 3. 3 3 3 4.4. 4. 4. 4., ( ) 5.3., 5. 5. 5., 4.1 2 6.

3 9 9 a A 0.2 B 0.1 A1 A2 A3 B1 B2 B3 A1.1 A1.2 0.4 A1.3 A1.4 A1.5 A2.1 0.4 A2.2 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.1 C 0.1 C1 0.4 A3.1 A3.2 A3.3 B1.1 B1.2 B1.3 B1.4 B1.5 B2.1 B2.2 B2.3 B3.1 B3.2 C1.1 C1.2 C1.3 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.25 0.2 0.25 0.15 0.15 0.45 0.45 0.1 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3

C 0.1 C2 0.4 C2.1 C2.2 C2.3 0.5 0.4 0.1 C3 0.2 C3.1 C3.2 C3.3 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 D 0.2 Dl 0.2 D1.1 D1.2 0.6 0.4 [)2 0.3 D3 0.3 D4 0.1 D2.1 D2.2 D2.3 D3.1 D3.2 D3.3 D3.4 D4.1 D4.2 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.6 0.4 D5 D5.1 0.1 D5.2 0.4 0.6 E 0.2 F 0.2 E1 E2 E3 F1 F2 P3 0.2 E1.1 1.0 E2.1 0.3 E2.2 0.5 E3.1 E3.2 E3.3 E3.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2

9 b A1.1 3000 2500 A1.2 l()2.5 3() A1.3 A1.4 A1.5 A2.1 A2.2 ( ) ( ) ( ) ) ( ( ) ( )

A3 ( ) B1.1 B1.2 500 B1.3 ( ) ( ) ( ) B1.4

B1.5 B2.1 B2.2 50M B2.3 B3.1 B3.2 2 3 () C1.1 C1.2 C1.3

C2.1, C2.2 ( ) ( ) C2.3 C3.1 C3.2 C3.3 ( ) C3.4 D1.1

D2.1 D2.1 D2.2 D2.3 D3.1 D3.2 D3.3 D3.4 D4.1

D4.2 D5.1 D5.2 E1.1 E2.1 E2.2 E3.1 E3.2 E3.3 ( ) E3.4 F1.1 F1.2 (50M) ( ) ( ) F1.3 ( )

F2.1 F2.2 F2.3 F3 4 ( 10) 1 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) 2 (1) (2) (3) (4) 5) 3 (1) (2) (3) )(4) (5) (5)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 4 (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (1J (2) (3) 5 (4) (5) (6) (7) ( 11) 11 a)

11 c

11 d

11(e) 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

b. 8 8 10 8 8 8 8 8 10 8 8 8

c. 10 8 8 8 8 8 9 8 9 8 8 8

d. () () () ()

(cm) (kg) (cm) 50 (m) 400(m)

14 ( ) ( )

15

50 + 76 0.7 84 l.0 + 95 1.6 50% 84 1.0 +s 96 1.7 (1983) (1982)