1 2 (1 200050;2 100835) (DWA) GIS 0 1984 6.16 m 1995 3 1 44.22% 2004 34.63% 21.15%; (DWA) 2009 2 1 [1] 1997 445731 2004 514884 ( [2013]36 ) 2001 486159 2007 540723 ( [2013]23 2 2007 ) ( [2014]27 ) 2014 1 /km /% / /m 1 ( 239086 44.22 5902958 24.69 641 ) 187264 34.63 4619995 24.67 114373 21.15 2905193 25.40 1.2 DOI:10.13789/j.cnki.wwe1964.2015.0164 540723km2004 5% 24.83m 1 2007 /km /km ( ) 540723 13428146 24.83 1 2004 2009 1.1 3 2009 1 98.8%2004 1.2% 2007 82 Vol.41 No.5 2015
3 2004 2009 / / / /% <1 14(36) 8.6(28.6) 7.8(24.7) 90.7(86.4) 1~5 53(80) 143.3(237.5) 136.1(222.6) 95.0(93.7) 5~10 18(26) 96.1(178.3) 91.4(165.9) 95.1(93.0) 10~25 18(24) 286.6(398.5) 283.19(391.5) 98.8(98.2) 6 ( ) ( ) /% /% /% /% 6.15m 8 /% /% /% 8 42 42 3 7 3 1 2 2009 DN<800 48.7 37 0.3 8 3 1 2 DN 800 7 71.6 17 1 2 0.4 1 DN<800 40 46 1 8 3 1 1 2004 DN 800 7 73 16 1 1 1 1 DN<800 48.7 44.5 0.8 2.4 1.7 1 0.9 2001 DN 800 0.9 80.5 15.6 0.3 0.7 0.4 1.6 1.3 41a2/3 50a 4 80a 47.1a 5 : 2009 ;0.5 9 1.7 1.5 80% ( ) >25 20(21) 1440.5(425.5) 1432.5(1410.3)99.4(98.9) 12a 123(187) 1975.1(2268.4) 1950.9(2215) 98.8(97.6) : 2004 2009 7 4 7 /a 0~2526~5051~7576~100 >100 / /a /% /% 2009 /% 32 36 13 9 6 4 2004 /% 31 39 10 8 3 9 DN<800 85 11.9 85.5 99 2001 /% 30 36 10 14 4 6 DN 800 76 12.6 80.2 100 5 76 11.1 81.4 99 ( ) 19 24.4 24.6 100 /a 0~25 26~50 51~75 76~100 >100 /a 88 76 86 105 120 1.6 /a 76 38 23 17 10 2009 2004 /% /% 2.19 20 2.13 20 2.02 20 1.87 17 ( ) 1.54 15 1.25 16 ( ) 1.48 11 1.23 7 ( ) 1.48 13 1.52 11 1.18 11 1.13 5 0.78 1 0.76 3 0.83 9 0.61 1 :3 ;2 ;1 1.4 6 / 9 ( 1.8 ) 88 ( Vol.41 No.5 2015 83
9 ;3 2009 2004 ;4 2009 17% /% /% 0~2 1.92 37 1.76 38 1.62 14 3 1.61 19 1.60 28 12 1.32 11 1.18 8 12 ( :%) 1.17 10 1.30 11 0 1 2 3 4 1.09 9 0.80 12 2009 8 9 18 43 22 ) 2004 8.8 ( 10) 2001 7 10.8 10 21.5 14 59 69 2.2 25% 11 3 10 88 ; / % 90 10 119 126 25% 32977 45395 25%~50% 8453 12423 50% 142 160 41691 58104 DWA [2] 100 m 3 52 m 3 2009 21 m 3 27 m 3 ( 2001 ) 28.8% 2 U 2.1 2.3 5 :0 2001 2004 ; ( ) 92 8 11 ( ) 88 13 /km /km 2001 1 ;1 ;2 13 ( ) /% 35.6 8.1 15.7 2.1 9.7 8.7 0.5 17.91.7 /% 81.518.5 43.4 5.726.9 24 2.4 89.18.5 2004 /% 40.1 8.8 9.3 6.6 9.2 3.1 21.31.8 /% 82.018.037.226.236.6 11.7 81.66.8 /% 48.0 5.0 18.0 7.0 5.0 1.0 15.01.0 /% 90.6 9.4 60.023.316.7 5.9 88.25.9 2009 84 Vol.41 No.5 2015
37% 10 1 ( ) 23a; 47a 500~1000 2.5~5 82a 14 3~6 14 ( ) 3 /a /a /a 45 34 86 16 54 79 17 56 18 46 20 23 47 82 2.4 15 2004~2013 29.8 3668km 813 3.1 15 / /km / /m /km 2004~2008 7120.23 549 129.7 31994 36 2009~2013 10434.54 883 118.2 28758 32 2004~2008 31279.89 404 774.3 40019 37 2009~2013 46208.85 559 826.6 36161 33 2004~2008118811.11 778 1527.1 43540 42 2009~2013 84494.44 494 1710.4 34132 35 2004~2008157211.23 1732 907.7 2009~2013141137.83 1936 729.0 2004~2013298349.06 3668 813.4 2004~2008 46931.52 849.66 552.4 2009~2013 31333.51 373.60 838.7 / 12 17% 0~ 2 2009~2013 729 17% 669 1350 ( ) : 3.1.1 3 ( ) Vol.41 No.5 2015 85
; ; ( ) ( ) (GB/T 1 21238 2007) 2500 N/m 2 3.1.3 15% ; 25% (PE) 2 : (GB/T19472.2 2004) : 30% 2 2 1 3.1.2 ( ; ) ; 1 86 Vol.41 No.5 2015
: : GIS 3.2.1 3.1.4 10000km 30 m 3 : ; 3 ; 4 ; 4 (CJJ68 2007) 1/5 1/5 3 ( ); 3.2 Vol.41 No.5 2015 87
6 : ; 7 ; 3.2.2 2009 54 km 85% 5 5 2012 12 (CJJ181 2012) ( ) : 6 88 Vol.41 No.5 2015
7 : (CIPP) ( ) 40% ; 8 3.2.3 47a (CJJ/T 210 2014) : 8 3.2.4 GIS (GIS) 17% GIS GIS 2014 6 3 Vol.41 No.5 2015 89
( [2014]27 ) 2015 GIS 4 : ; ( ) 2.2 m 3 /d GIS COD 330 mg/l COD 800~1000 GIS mg/l GIS ; GIS GIS COD 249 mg/l; 10% ~20%COD 346 mg/l GIS COD 140~270 mg/l ; COD 322 mg/l 147mg/L COD 125mg/L COD GIS 118mg/L 4 COD COD 36.6% COD 400mg/L 4.1 30% ; 2002 COD 200 mg/l [3] 50% 100% 11 4.2 ( ) 4 31% 23%; ( ) 10% ~35% 2.5 m 3 /d ; 2.2 m 3 /d 3 m 3 /d ; ( ) 34% 26%~36% ; DWA 28.8% : 90 Vol.41 No.5 2015
4 : ; ; ( ) 5~10 ; 10% ( ) 10% 5.2 (GB50014 2014) (GB ; 50268 2008) ; ; 5.3 4.3 50% 25%~50% 25% ; ; ; ; ; 5 5.1 : DWA DWA Vol.41 No.5 2015 91
( ) 檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿檿 1 DWA.ZustandderKanalisationin Deutschland Ergebnisse derdwa Umfrage2009.2011 :200050 389 :(021)62522392 2 DWA.WasseZahlenundFakten.2012 E-mail:tangjianguoxsh@163.com 3. :2015 01 30.2002 ( 100097) ( ) ( ) 0 ( ) DOI:10.13789/j.cnki.wwe1964.2015.0165 ( ) ( ) ( ; ; 1 ( ) H 3 ( ) H 3=0 ;Q 1 ;Q 2 ;Q 1 ( ) 1.1 1.2 ( ) 1 Q 1 ( ) 1 Q 2 1 H 1 (Q 1+Q 2 ) ;H 2 ;H 3 :2015 03 02 92 Vol.41 No.5 2015