"!! " "!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! " #$$%!& #$$%! " #! "
" "!!##$!##%!##%! "
" #$ %& # # () &$ %&#! *) #! +),) -$ %& () *) +),)./!$ %&! 0 ($ 12 - *$ 12 +$ *$,$ /+3 +$ 4$ %&#-,$ ($ ) %##% *$ () *)! " +$ +3 5 62-5 4,$ ($ / - 62 4 *$ +$ / - 62 4 172/,$ -&% 89 -#: 89-4 ; 172/ #%< 172/ :) %4 () &< *) +) 172/ -!,) %$ # 8=3 > 9 / - 62 4 / - 62 4 0$ %4 0 ($ *$ #% 89?$ &? 89 +$,$?$ %- #! ($
#$ %$ & $ &&( () *+, & *-. + / & 0#. ) *+, & *-. + / & 1230 1230 4$ ( *+ 5$ ( *+ #$ ( *+ %$ ) *+ &&, 6 4, 5, #, %, &, ) &6!" " " " " " # " " " (,! &6 4 5 13!4 " &, ) &6 & " "!013 7 " # (, *+, & *-. 8 + 9:;3! $&, ) < 12#. % & => #?3 ( ( 12 ( #3 7 1230 =>#. 7 => 30 7! " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " 7,!(B (4. @3 (! 7 (#0 7 3 #0 7 #0 7 #0 ( 30 )! A & 4 2
# " " " " " " " " " " " " $ % & % " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " () *+ +,-. -. " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "!/ *+ +0 # 1&2. % % # +! " 5! " # (,) ** $6. $ 32 ( 4 4 +" " " " " " " " $ " " " " " " 5 " " " " " " " " " + # " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " 7) *($74832 (!. $ 2 $% " " " " " " "!" " " " " " " " " " " " " #" $" %" % " " " " " " " " " &# % 5 4 " " " " " " " " " " " " *) + 9 " 6/ *+$7 + " " " " " " " " " " $ " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " 5 & " " " " " " " " " " " " ( " " " " " " " " #/ %/ 4/ :/ 0) ** $$ $ + " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " $ " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " "
#$% $$ & : &% " 5" # " " " " " " 5 9 " " " " " " " " " " " ; <4 & (% " 9 " # & " " " ( " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " 5 13 & : ( " " ; 4:. " " " " " " " " " " " )% " ;" ) " " " " " 5% " " " " " " " " " 9% #% $( #* # #!%! + :% 5 9 : 8% " 9" 5% 9% & &,-. / 0 # 1234 #$$,/ :% 5% 6 7 1234 &8$,/ #$$,/ #$$,/ ;%!% " 9% 6 7 1234 #$$,/ #$$,/ :% 6 7 1234 #$$,/ " 4 & =3 ) ; ; ;% #$$,/ )$,/ 8,-. / 0 # 1234 % " &8$,/!$,/ " ; 1234 #% " :" 5 9 ; :! " $% $#,/6% 86,/ :. & >?3 & 12:. ; @A:. ( 6% " "
#$% & # $$$ #$% $% & $( ) $( # ( &% $% & $( ) $( & ( # *!"#$ +, " #! " -. # -. # " % &! < 0 * /0, " #1! " 0, 00 23 #4, 00 23#4, 00 23 "" % 0, / 256 3 7 / ($6 #, " #0 2389 ( 0, / 256 3 7 / #0 23: //, " " $ /, " ;*" : $ ; * /, " /! " " : = > 9 8 = > ; " : : = 9 9 = ), " : ; " / " # " "?, " @( @(
" #$ 2& " #$ #$ " #$, / " #$ #$ "!& " %& " ",!" " / " ) 3* " ($ ) *+" ", $, $, 1 *., " ", " / ) "! " " 4& " -.$ " " " " / " 0& " ", " 5& " " " ", " " "
# $%& ( ) *+, $$$ $(*+ ", (%&( $%& ( ) *+, $$$ $(*+ ", (%&( ", -.+ ) $%& /0 " / ) " / /10 1 2 /10 12 ) /33 45 ) 46& 5 7 / 89+( 30 / 5 : ) 46& 5 7 / ; 30 ) 46& < = 89+( > 89+( " (%&?> " ) /0 3@ @?0 A0 %0 >0 )0 3@ )?B AB %B >B #0 3@ C 10 3@ @ -=%& )?0 89%& A0 %* ) %0?B >0 AB -=%& ) 89%& %B 89%& >B 89%&,0 3@ C?B DE +( ) AB ( ) % ) +, )( ) + %B! " >B @0 3@ C (%& C0 3@ @?0 A0 %0 /3 45 10, 45
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
!# $%!$ & ( ) =:43 ) * * +# $%!+,# $% >,$-!.$ / 0$- & ( &# (# )# " " *#? " " ) *.# $%!% 0# $%!, &# & (# )# *# ( 12 3)4. + 6# $%!0 12 43 + 12)4. )! 5@ =4 4 + %> 5@! * " & ( %# $%!%! 5. & %> 5@ ( +6 5@ ).$ 5@ * +%# < 5@!# $< ++ 124 $# $$6 78)9 + $# 6 ):4 $# + 78(; +!#! ## &# 124 ):4 (# )# 12)9 + ):)9 + *# <# $%!<!! "
! $% " " & ( ( $) " * % % % & ( % % % % % % $%+%, "!%" "-./!0 # # # # # #! 12) 3 4 " 14 # # # # # # # # # &5% /-./!A!!# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # 8- " # &5% 6 # # # # # # # # # # :- ( &5% # # # # (-./!0!.-! 12) 4 7! &5% # # # # 89 :9 $9 ;9 "!!-.< = &5 " $% (.-!.. 12) 4 7! &5 " $% (!.. 14 # # # # # # # # # "&5&% ( >&% ( # # # # # # # # #>$)?% " 7 * # # # # # # # *-./!0 $9 # # # #!"/- ". = "!"- /" 14 # "/. 14!.. 14 " 12) 3 4 %7 &9 89 >@ :9 $9 &5% ;9! % "%#%%!# # # # # # $- ;- " 14 "B C- ". 14 /. 14! 14 D " 14 +E$) ( +E % ( "
$% &!(!))))))) *% +&,- +% &&,-. + /0 1 "7. " ))))))))))))))))) )))))))))))))))))) (% &!( 2%!3% &,-!,45 6-780. 9% &% : ;95! =. <% =. 780. =.!!% =. # # # # >%!&&,- &,-!,45 6 - # # # # # # # # # # + # # # # # # # # # # #! # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # " # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # $ # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #?% &!(! 95 + "7. " #.95 $. + / %90 # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ##!&% &!( ## # # # # 3% &!( * 2 7.!* " "! 7. " %))))))%)))))))% @ +)))))))) + *595 " AB95 " # # # # # # # # *5 0. " " 90 + 90 + # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # *C 2C 9C =. =. <C ; + 90 " >C!!% &!(!!,- # # # # # # # # + " # # # # # # # # # #
!$% &"! (% )% *% $ +, $ +-. /, *012 " " +-. /, 3425 6% $ +, $7 8% $& +, 9& +, $ :;*. < :; 25 <!9% &"! :%!<% &"!! # # # # (= )= *= 6= $ +, $7 *012 " $7 3425 8= $!# # # # " # # # # (=! +-. /, 9& +,# # )= &% $& +-. /, $9 +, *= &= &$ +-. /, 9 +, 6= 9 +-. /,!& +,!"% &"! *0 *012 " 95 $ 2! # $# < # " 9# > #?# @ #!& #!! #!$!)4*. $ # "3425# #!! # # (%!9& A )%!9& A *% 6% $ *.4BC;D EEEEEEEEEEEEEEE < $ / <! / $ " EEEEEEEE( ) * 6 EEEEE ( ) * 6 E EEEEEEE( ) * 6 EEEEEEEE( ) * 6 (% )%
$% &%! % ()!*!! # # # # "# # # # + # # # #,-.- $- &- /0 1 "0 234$5 / 6-4 + $5 $ + 4 )!7% ()!* ( $% "& &% & +"% (( 89 +(% ()!* + 1 /,. $,-!:% ()!*!!# # # # # # # # # # # "# # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # $# # # # # # # # # # # + # # # # / # # # # # # # #!*% ()!*! # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # +! ;4 ;4 " # $ % <5 + = ) & # # # #,-!"#$%&.% "#$% $-! 1 /.- >?@5 ) +(% (( 89 &- 24 ) $A BC$A / 24 / 6- B- +!% ()!* 2354
$% & $%( )) & *+,- *+,- # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # $$( ).!/! *+,-! " # $ 0( 2 1( 2( 3( 4( 5( 6( $7( ).!/ %( 2# 2-28 228. 09 19 %) &!% & 228. 29 39 "( 3# 49 3 1 2-28, 2: $ 2: $ 59 C( 2# 0 69 1 3-9! # # # %# # # %# # # %0%6%# # # %4%5 $228. # # # #!( 3# 0 1 2 % & ( $( 0# = $ = 3 :;, $ < $,- $$$ :;, 7 < - $, $ ## 7( 2# *+28 *+28>?28 $ *+28.( 2# 5@,- $! A $ B& 0
$% &#!! "!%.# " " & & " ( )*+, " -. " ( /%.# 0 9% (.# 0, 9 >+ : 1 2 # 0 3% 4 2# # # 4% 4 2!3%.#.!!% &# 3%! 567?% &# & 82 9% 9 2 &7 9% : 2 ;< 4% : 2 )* 9% 9 2 -= 3% 9 2 :%.# 82+ B -*+ B 82 &7 & CD-7 9 B CD(E 9!9% -# >+ 9-7 9 ),?, 9 >+ : -, :!?%.# @)+? > 4% (.# & (E& )*) &(E (. - )* 9 -+?,-+ G? ;<-7!$%.#.? -=-7 9 & -. ( $% (# +!/% (# 9 )+, 9 + )+ + 9 + 9 )+ ( 93% -#! + 9 ;< +, 9 :)+ 0?+ 9 0 9, 9 + $$$ :,)+? $, 9 % 9!% &# ( -... - >+ 9-7 9 ) (E!:%.# A,, 0, 0 - )*+,!4%.#,-7 )* 9 >+? )* 9 -+? 1% -# (*-7 9 )* 9 >+ : )*-7. (. --7 : & (E 9 ( )*+,!1% &#!, 9 - -*+ " -* +, ;< +, 9 # 9. ),?, 9 + F 9 + 4 F 9 + 4!"% -# A, "% (# & &2)+ A, A,? &2)+ & & )*+,? &2+,&2 9 + )* 9 -+? :# # #? "# #? : " " 0? " :/ 5H# : +, ) I " 9$ 5H(
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
$% " &% %!# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # "& # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #!! # # # # "+% @61 4161 / @61 4161 / " # # # #! "!!. ". " A!. # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # /4 " ( 4 # # # # # # # # # # ( # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ) # # # # # # # & # # # # # # # # # # *% ""+,- ) 6 "!. 6 # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #! "+. "+. $ # # # # /+%!,01-2 " @61 " ". @61 4161 / # # # # # # # # # # # # ""% " 3% & "! " ## # # # $# # # # % # # # # # # # #! # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #! 4% # # # # 5% B CCCCCCCCCCCC 6% # # # # 7% 4% 5% / # # # # # ( $ # # # # ) # # # # # # # # # # # # 8% "# # # # # # 49 61! 59 :; :; 69 79 <=>! 61!?9
#$ %$ & #(! )))))))) #(! ")))))))))))) *$ +", &$! - " - #!$." #/! * "!" & # & #22 <H = ;<2 <H $$$ # & #22;< <H &$ +" =! 2 (#$ I D 3*$ 4& JK 5@( D * " + B$ *$.#" 01 2 & L L &$ 34 56 + #72 892! :#(2 & +G 2! "!$.#" ; & #<2 =! 2 $$$ #< 2! #$ >,$% & 3$ * ; & ; & 3 5M9! :;2 & :;2 & " & N$ B *$ %?!3, 56 *,, ) D & B #. + % #" 3 " O $!3, 56 D ) %?!3, 56 &!3, 56!! " + ;<! #2 & & 5@( A 6 ;<! #2 & ;< #2 & ;<#( *!3, 56! & + B 3& C % D,$ B& ( &&% C *,,E!$ *. + % F 0 G! " " "!,,3
) " 0( )#! 1# " # 2 3 $45 $! 6& 2 $! 4& " 7( ) 8 1 4#! 1 ) 8 %*&9 45! 1 :9 :9 $%& " 4 $%& "! 1 :9 %9 " 9! & :9 ( )!),( )#! # "# 2 # 3 85 &9 " " #! ) ;! <! )! ) ; )""" 3!! # +0 $45 8545 " %9 " 9! & * 85 " = = "%9 " 9! & $$$ 85 &9 " + = "%9 = 2!!))( ) 8 " #* #! 4># +( )), -. " 8# 14 ), -.! ), / ), / " # #! &! " 9! # 45! $
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
度下可同时析出两种晶体 产品 通氨气的作用有# # # # 8 增大 94,: 的浓度 使 94, ;< 更多地析出 硫酸亚铁的溶解度和析出晶体的组成 温度 $ % & & (& )& )*+ " *& *, "& -& = 使 984;3( 更多地析出.& > 使 984;3( 转化为 98! ;3( 提高析出的 94, ;< 溶解度 $ /,+ & "+ &!)+ & ((+ & ()+! ()+ ( ()+ * ((+ & (&+ )!"+ & 析出晶体 0123, "4! 3 0123,,4! 3 0123, 4! 3 纯度? 某化学课外小组用下图装置制取溴苯 # 请根据表中数据作出硫酸亚铁的溶解度曲线 先向分液漏斗中加入苯和液溴 再将混合液慢慢滴入反 应器 5 5 下端活塞关闭 中 写出 5 中反应的化学方程式# # # # # # #! 观察到 5 中的现象是# # # # # # # # # # ) 若需从硫酸亚铁溶液中结晶出 0123,,4! 3 应控 ( 实验结束时 打开 5 下端的活塞 让反应液流入? 中 充分振荡 目的是# # # # # # 写出有关的化 制的结晶温度! 的范围为# # # 学方程式# # # # # # #!+ &) 上海!* 5 我国化学家侯德榜 下图 改革, ; 中盛放 ;;<, 的作用是# # # # # # # # 国外的纯碱生产工艺 生产流程可简要表示如下 ) 若证明苯和液溴发生的是取代反应 而不是加成反 应 可向试管 @ 中加入 5/93( 溶液 若产生淡黄色 沉淀 则能证明 另一种验证的方法是向试管 @ 中 加入# # # # 现象是# # # # # # # # # (+ &) 上海!" 聚合硫酸铁 AA2 是一种新型高效的 无机高分子絮凝剂 广泛用于水的处理 用铁的氧化物 为原料来制取聚合硫酸铁 为控制水解时 01( : 的浓度 防止生成氢氧化铁沉淀 原料中的 01( : 必须先还原为 01! : 实验步骤如下 上述生产纯碱的方法称# # # # 副产品的一种用 途为# # # #! 沉淀池中发生的化学反应方程式是# # # # # # # # # ( 写出上述流程中 6 物质的分子式# # # # 用.-7 的硫酸配制!-7 的硫酸 所需的玻璃仪器除, 使原料氯化钠的利用率从 "&7 提高到.&7 以上 主 量筒外 还有# # # # 要是设计了# # # # 填上述流程中的编号 的循 环 从沉淀池中取出沉淀的操作是# # # # # # # 8 容量瓶# # = 烧杯# # > 烧瓶! 步骤!取样分析溶液中的 01! : 01( : 的含量 目的 ) 为检验产品碳酸钠中是否含有氯化钠 可取少量试 样溶于水后 再滴加# # # # # # # # # # 是# # # # 8 控制溶液中 01! : 与 01( : 含量比 * 向母液中通氨气 加入细小食盐颗粒 冷却析出副 #!" = 确定下一步还原所需铁的量
$ %&! ()*+, -. -()*+, - /%&0, 1 ()*+, - -2! 0, 1 &%-%&! 0, 1 - ()*+ -2!, 2(, - /%&0, 1!2(, - -2! 0, 1 &% -%&! 0, 1 -!(, ( 12!, # # 3 45+ 2(, - 67 3/ 3 45+ ()*+, - 67 18 2(, - ()*+, - # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # 0,! 9 1 %& - -:! 0,! 9 1 %& - 1 # # # # ) (),2# # # # ; %&0, 1 $ <)*+! # # # #. ()*+, - 8 # # # # # # # # /# # # # )# # ; $# #. & 17 68!60,! 3 ()! 0, - 2! 0, 1 $$$ ()! 0, 1 0,! ( 2!, 0,!! 0,! " # # # # # # # #!0,!! # # # # # # # " # # # # # # # ## # # # # # - 0,!!# # # # # # # # "# # # # # # # # ## # # # # # # # 87 68$!" 3 = # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #! >?@, 1 # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # -**+ 1 # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # 1 # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # /7 68%!A/ 3 / # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #! 3 # # # # # # #! # # # # # # # # # # # # # # - # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
$% & (" ( (% &) * +,! -. / (? &% (&& 012 3 4 ( +,! -. / (&& 03 # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #!+,+. / 5+. /!@ # # # # A # # # # # # # # # / /5-2 6.! 4 # # # # # # # # # # # #! 7% &!" # @ # # # # # # # # $ A # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # "8 &/// 9:.;! 9: / < 9:6..! +,.; ( 9:6. # # # #!.! # # # # / 9:.;! ((% & /! B C.! +,.; 9:6. - D, > E +,.; # # # # # # # # # # # # # +,.; ;! 6. (!# # # # # # # # # #! "# # # # # # # # # # /9:.;!, > E! " # # # # # # # # # # # # # B > 9:.;! 5FG. E # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # (&8 &/!)=> +. /! C 5FG. +,CH > E => +. /! - +,!6I. / > E =>.? @ A D > E (!% &( (7 # $ %
$ # # # # # # # # # # # # # % # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # $!& "$ %$ (. )(,&,,&, ) $ &! () #.,&, (! & ))( & ( % )(. $ ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # % # # # # # # # # # # #! # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # * # # # # # # # # # # # $*& "*%+!, # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ", # # # # # # # # $ % &, # #-. / 0 1 2 / 0 12 3 $ / - 4 % 5. 6 5 3 $# # # # % 2 # # # #. # # # # # # # #! % # # # # # 5 # # # # # # # # # # # # # $7, "*%+ $ 2 # # # # # # # # % 4 # # # # # # # # # # # # # # $4 # # # #! 2 -.. ## # # # # # # # # # $# # # # # # $8& "! %" -. / 0
"78 6" )6 $ % & ( ) * + * ),- +.$-* * ),- + (/ ) 01- ).$-* * ),- +.*!.* + (/ * ) -.$-*.- *.-! * ) - 2 ) - 3 # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # " # # #! " #! # # # # # # # # # # # # ) # # # # # # # "98 66 )! :; : ;!# # # #! < &= >! :; "# # # # :-* *; ## # # # :; $# # # #! " =? "45 6))7% ".$-* #*.-! " # # # # # @<.-! # # # # # # # $# < ) # # # # # # # # # # " # # # # # # # # # #!" # # # # # # # # # # # # # # + ) "! " # "! ## # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # )! # " # # # # # # # # # # # )$# # # # # # # # # # #!# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # + # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # 3# *.-! $ # # # # # # # @5 A5 (5 B5
$% # &# () (*) () " +,-.()!,- " ()! & "% # (# /) "!% # # 34(5! 6% # # % 34! 1 5! 1 +% (% (.! ()),- # (.! ()).. 1,-).,-). ",-). " < # =!( &% 0 " ()! 0(5 0 " ()! $>% # 7% # #. " /. " /) 6. " /) 6 ( /) " ( (*) (* /) " $$% # 1 6 1 8 1 8 1 6 + # 0,)!,-(5 8% # #.(5 + +- ). " ( & & 9% # #. " /) 6,.! () ".(5(. 6. " () (*/) 6 () ( :% # # + ( () " + 0 1 & + & (- " 1 ;% # 20 " 1 ( " #!.(5.(5 " # (.! ()),- (.! ()),- (.! ()).,-). (.! ()). # (*/ (* " / (*,- " /)! & $"% # " # /)? 6 (5? ( & +,-).
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
$%& () +& * "! $%& $%& 1,%-) *./+& " $%&./ & *!0 #./ &!./+& " - # ( +& * *!0 # -& * -& (, -) $%-) (7$&! (7-) $%$&! $& * - 1 $% * -&! * +& " -& *,% $&! *,%-&! 9-) ( "0 # # " * * # - * +& ",%-&! 3 * +& " $$$,%+& " 3 * & 3 -& * (,%+& " * +& ",%+& " 60 # 1 *"0 # $%& #./././,2 *! -& * "-& * -) # -) -) -& * -)./$%&./ * 3 4 3 *& $$$./ & * +./ & *, 50 # 1# ( *0 6 7"80 6 7(, +& * 4 " *0 # 1# (, - # -) -& * $%& $% * -&! -) -& * $% -&! -& * -) -& * $% -&! -) -) -& * -)-& * * +& " -%-) * -) * & $% -&! -) (, :0 # # ()-)! $%& ()! 3 4 3 "& $$$ ()& 4 * 3 * * & ()-)!!()& 4 * 3 ()! 3 3 : * $$$ & "() &! +
$%& ()*)! # ()! +, +!& $$$ () &! + $%& " &, + () & $$$! ()&, - + - - & 7 () &! $! $%()& - -.& / $! + *& - + $%*) + - & $$$ $% *&! + + $ / *) *&,! (0 /0 + *& -,! %;< 12 # ; 4 # # - $! + *& - + $%*) + - & $$$ $% *&! + + $ / *) ( * 3 $& - $& -! *& - # / ## 7 %< # " $& - 0 $! $! (* 42 # 4!"! -! 56.& / / " 4 # 3 4 ( -! 3 / **) / " 3= - 56! + 4 56 + 3= - &% &3= + 3=(! #.. - (!# -$%& + 3= - $$$ $%3= + / $%3=& + - & 7$%& +!3=- $$$ "$%3= + $%3=&! +! - & " "72 1 8 9! 9 7/ 8-2 # ( 4 $ / *) - $! + *& - + $%*) + - & $$$ $% *&! + + $ / *)! $% *&! $% - *&! *& - : *& - /,&,,&, / " #!2 # 4 - $% & ; <! $&
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
11% # $% # # # & ( )! * + ( /0+&! * + ) # # # &,&- ( &, ( * * & ( )! $$$ &,&! + + ) ; 7 # < 7 >?@ 3 =.% # /0 ( * /0 ( * /0 + ( ( # 1+ ( 2 3 # ( #! /0 + ( ( 1+ ( 2 3 # ( 4, +!! + ( # 3"+ ( "! # 1(% # 3 1 15% # 67 4! ( # 1 (+ * ( ) * &! $$$ + ( * & ( ( ( # # # 3 # 1 4 ( (+ * * & ( )! ( 4 ( 4 3 ( # ( $$$ + ( * & ( (!# 8 3 #8 8 9 4 ( 3 $ : ( # # 3 9 9 & B < &- ( =A ( 7 < 7 <
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
$%& (! # ) * +, - $% - $&.! #!# # / )/!0 1 2! 2 " # $# 1 +! $%& $%& +,$&! $&! +, - &. +, * & +,( $ " +, - $% - $&.! $ 3( $, )/!0 1, 456. )!, 74.! 2 " 74!!, 74.! 2 " 74! 8 $, )/!0 1, 456. ) )/!0 1 2! 2 ", 456. ) $ )/!0 1 2! 2 " $ # " +, - )0 91 / +? ## :? +0 ;? $%& :0 <? ;0 10 91 > <0 #$!"% *0 91 = ### +? #% :? #! +0 ;? $" <?! :0 =0 91 / ;0 ## +? $%& :% & * <0 :? BCD& / ED;$!0 91 > ;? EA <? $% * D&! :%;6 * +? @ @ F0 91 = :? +? ;? A * $ / ;6 :? )9 4G >0 1 4G <? ;? HI& * 10 9 456 G. ) <? *19 4G 90 ) 456 G. ) * D& / /0 91 1