1 NSC89-2415-H032-006
2 Entry Exit
3 1905 10
4 1905
5 1902-1906 11 12
6 13 14 1993 ( ) ( ) ( ) 60 15
7 1996 72 16 () () () () () () ( 1980 312-3) ( 1905 181) ( ) ( 1897 1103) ( 1980 313)
8 17 18 1905 54 40 2460 1380 6100 2120 6 200 1996 73
9 Cartel 1980 549 1910 8 1956 110 1.1
10 19 20 21 2000
11 23 24 25
29 Herfindahl Hirschman index H 1910 1916 H H = N i= 1 2 S i = 1, 2, N S i i H 1/N 1 H convex H H S1 S 2 2 2 2 H ( S 1 + S2 ) S1 S2 = 2S1S2 H S (5) H i Multi- plant 2.2 2.1 H 1910 26 27 28 29 1910 1 1 H H 2 12
1911 0.2694 0.2412 1914 1915 0.1437 0.1590 1910 1916 1993 292 2.3 1910 0.4594 1916 0.6898 CR1 CR2 CR4 2.4 2.2CR4 1910 1910 0.8474 1914 0.658 1910 1913 0.74 1927 1928 CR4 0.96 0.92 2.2 2.1 H 1927 0.17 0.18 0.25 30 1993 3071919 1920 17,226,885 8,670,327 7,612 5,852 33,224,850 11,865,107 10,167 6,253 1919 1920 94.48% 1919 1920 88.38% 31 2000 13
14 H 1940 96.62% 1 2.2 2.2, 6,420 1993 332
15
16
Concentration ratio Herfindahl-Hirschman Rosenbluth Entropy Relative entropy C b S 1 S 2 S 3. S n C b b Cb = Si i= 1 i = 1,2, Λ b b b/n b N 2 H = Si i= 1 i = 1,2, Λ N 1/N convex S 1 S 2 17
( S = S S 2 2 2 1 + S2 ) S1 S2 2 1 2 AdelmanGrossack 2 H = Xi + 1/ N the deviation of the share from the mean Grossack Variation R = 1 [(2 N i= 1 i S ) 1] i i = 1,2,Λ N N E = Si log( 1 ) i = 1,2, Λ, N S i= 1 i E(y)=0 E(y)=logN logn an inverse measure of concentration 18
N RE = [ Si log( 1 )]/ log N S i= 1 i i = 1,2, Λ N 19
1902 9087.04 1903 5068.06 1904 7583.44 1905 8263.27 1906 12738.84 1907 10646.13 1908 10920.15 1909 20387.97 1910 34040.19 1911 45056.37 1912 29264.53 1913 11914.92 1914 25127.92 1915 34744.64 1916 53513.71 1917 76349.03 1918 57353.80 1919 48635.70 1920 37201.59 1921 42122.36 1922 58775.81 1923 59232.03 1924 75368.29 1925 79923.30 1926 83320.97 1927 68523.40 1928 96686.11 1929 131554.75 1930 135080.59 1931 132879.87 1932 164841.60 1933 105620.73 1934 107840.54 1935 160942.07 1936 150279.81 1937 167892.02 1938 165026.69 1939 236455.10 1940 188794.71 1941 135771.74 1942 183625.30 1943 173574.95 1944 148715.06 1901-2 (1987 200)1902 1909 1975 63 1956 74 1911 ( 2 69 4 73) 20
21
22
1-2 23
24
( ) ( ) ( ( ( ) ( ) ( 25
1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 26
27
HERRE 1910 0.2512 0.7373 0.2293 0.7726 1911 0.2075 0.8142 0.1981 0.7818 1912 0.1315 1.0413 0.1320 0.8648 1913 0.1616 0.9801 0.1422 0.8334 1914 0.1340 1.0483 0.1238 0.8914 1915 0.1330 1.0013 0.1413 0.8989 1916 0.1407 0.9620 0.1218 0.8636 1917 0.1439 0.9007 0.1581 0.8649 1918 0.1565 0.8932 0.1596 0.8577 1919 0.1446 0.9044 0.1531 0.8685 1920 0.1516 0.9045 0.1605 0.8381 1921 0.1360 0.9306 0.1469 0.8624 1922 0.1365 0.9532 0.1476 0.8557 1923 0.1388 0.9421 0.1501 0.8457 1924 0.1370 0.9413 0.1479 0.8450 1925 0.1423 0.9446 0.1519 0.8480 1926 0.1446 0.9365 0.1531 0.8407 1927 0.1537 0.9152 0.1559 0.8216 1928 0.1729 0.8221 0.1908 0.7894 1929 0.1957 0.7885 0.2118 0.7572 1930 0.1857 0.8031 0.2029 0.7712 1931 0.1793 0.8179 0.1954 0.7854 1932 0.1861 0.8115 0.2011 0.7793 1933 0.1975 0.8041 0.2023 0.7721 1934 0.1829 0.8140 0.1992 0.8140 1935 0.2044 0.7491 0.2236 0.7851 1936 0.2021 0.7553 0.2223 0.7915 1937 0.2079 0.7475 0.2277 0.7833 1938 0.1968 0.7683 0.2168 0.8052 1939 0.1931 0.7697 0.2115 0.8066 1940 0.2103 0.7264 0.2328 0.8043 1941 0.2551 0.6359 0.2791 0.7525 1942 0.2598 0.6169 0.2831 0.7927 1943 0.2577 0.6212 0.2838 0.7983 1944 0.2867 0.5784 0.3124 0.8275 28
H 1910 H 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 29