% 8. 48% 3 80 Alcalase Novozymes Alcalase 2. 4 L Bacillus licheniformis 2. 4 AU /g 1. 2 Hitachi S-4700 JEOL JEM-1200EX Olympus Bu

2011 33 6 1117-1121 http / /xuebao. jxau. edu. cn Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis E - mail ndxb7775@ sina. com * 311400 Alcalase 2. 4 L TS225. 1 + 6 A 1000-2286 2011 06-1117 - 05 A Study on the Mechanism of Aqueous Enzymatic Extraction of Camellia oleifera Seed Oil SUN Hong FEI Xue-qian * FANG Xue-zhi WANG Jin-yuan Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry CAF Fuyang 311400 China Abstract By means of TEM and SEM the intracellular and extracellular changes in Camellia oleifera seed cells during aqueous enzymatic extraction of oil from it were observed. The result showed that the lipid granules were discretely distributed in camellia seed cells and it was confirmed that Alcalase 2. 4 L could degrade cell wall effectively and release cell contents including lipid granules from the morphological view. The degradation of cell wall was a dynamic process. Key words Camellia oleifera seed oil aqueous enzymatic method mechanism Camellia oleifera seed oil 1-2 20 50 3 4-8 9-11 Alcalase 2. 4 L Alcalase 2. 4 L 2011-07 - 01 2011-09 - 02 2009BADB1B0301 948-4 - 56 1982 E - mail sunh206@ 163. com * E - mail fxq6565@ 163. com

1118 33 1 1. 1 46. 15% 8. 48% 3 80 Alcalase Novozymes Alcalase 2. 4 L Bacillus licheniformis 2. 4 AU /g 1. 2 Hitachi S-4700 JEOL JEM-1200EX Olympus Buchi B-811 Thermo Fisher LGJ-18c 1. 3 1. 3. 1 90 10 min ph 90 10 min GB /T 5009. 6-2003 12 = - / 100% 1 1. 3. 2 Ⅲ 1. 3. 3 1 mm 3 1. 3. 4 3 80 1 Ⅲ 1. 3. 5 Alcalase Fig. 1 Microscopic observation of oil - tea Camellia oleifera Alcalase seed cell stained by sudanⅢ 1. 3. 6 Alcalase Alcalase 1 2 4 h 8 000 r /min 30 min 2 2. 1 Ⅲ 1 Ⅲ

6 1119 2. 2 2 A 11 2 B 1 ~2 μm 15 16 - oleosins 17 15 000 ~ 26 000 ku oleosins oleosins Yoon 18 86% Fig. 2 A 3 000 2 B 20 000 Microscopic observation on morpha and structure of oil - tea Camellia oleifera seed cell by TEM 2. 3 19-20 3 Fig. 3 3 A 500 B 1 000 Microscopic observation on cell morpha of grinded oil - tea Camellia oleifera seed by SEM 2. 4 Alcalase 4 A 4 B 4 C Alcalase 4A 4B

1120 33 C 250 D 1 000 A B C Alcalase D C A Untreated control group B Control group treated with water only C oil-tea Camellia oleifera seed treated with Alcalase D Local amplification of fig 4-C. Fig. 4 4 Alcalase SEM observation on cell morpha and structure of oil-tea Camellia oleifera seed hydrolyzed by Alcalase Alcalase 4C 4D 13-14 Alcalase 2. 5 Alcalase 5 Alcalase 5A 1 h 2 h 5B 4 h 5C 3 1 Alcalase 2. 4 L 2

6 1121 C 500 D 1 000 A B C 1 2 3 h D C A B C The treatment time for hydrolyze were 1 2 3 h respectively D Local amplification of fig 5-C. Fig. 5 5 Alcalase SEM observation on dynamic changes of morpha and structure of oil - tea Camellia oleifera seed hydrolyzed by Alcalase 1. M. 2. 2008 1-14. 2. J. 2007 16 3 6-7. 3 Nathan S. Process for simultaneously extracting oil and protein from oleaginous materials J. US Patent 1956 2 762 820. 4. J. 2008 33 7 24-26. 5. J. 1994 13 3 179-191. 6.. J. 2004 23 5 58-62. 7 Zhang S B Wang Z Xu S Y. Optimization of the aqueous enzymatic extraction of rapeseed oil and protein hydrolysates J. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 2007 84 1 97-105. 8 Moreau R A Johnston D B Powell M J et al. A comparison of commercial enzymes for the aqueous enzymatic extraction of corn oil from corn germ J. Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society 2004 81 11 1071-1075. 9. J. 2009 34 1 23-26. 10. J. 2010 23 2 165-169. 11. J. 2007 33 1 83-87. 12. GB /T 5009. 6 2003 S. 2003. 13 Huang A. Structure of plant seed oil bodies J. Current Opinion in Structural Biology 1994 4 4 493-498. 14 Yoon S H Kim I H Kwon T W. Effects of enzyme treatments and ultrasonification on extraction yields of lipids and protein from soybean by aqueous process J. Korean J 1991 23 673-676. 15 Bair C Snyder H. Electron microscopy of soybean lipid bodies J. Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society 1980 57 9 279-282. 16 Murphy D. Structure function and biogenesis of storage lipid bodies and oleosins in plants J. Progress in lipid research 1993 32 3 247. 17 Huang A. Structure of plant seed oil bodies J. Current Opinion in Structural Biology 1994 4 4 493-498. 18 Yoon S Kim I. Effects of enzyme treatments and ultrasonification on extraction yields of lipids and protein from soybean by aqueous process J. Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology Korea Republic 1991. 19 Cater C Rhee K. Aqueous extraction an alternative oilseed milling process J. Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society 1974 51 4 137-141. 20 Southwell K Harris R. Extraction of oil from oilseeds using the hot water flotation method J. Tropical Science 1992 32 3 251-262.