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CONTENTS TheHuizhouResidents AssociationinShanghaiandItsRelationship withsocialchange (9-95) TangLixing(8) In90theShanghaiChamberofCommercewasestablishedandinthesameyearthefirst Huizhou Residents Association in Shanghai was born. The Residents Associationa continuationofthetraditionalguildhalwasaself-governingorganizationbasedonacommon placeoforiginandfoundedwiththebroadparticipationofoldandnew-stylemerchantsgentry membersandthenew intelectualstratummenand womenandcapitalandlabor.it was complementarytothechamberofcommerceinfunction.fromitsestablishmentintheearly twentiethcenturytoitsdissolutionin95the Huizhou Residents AssociationinShanghai wentthroughrepeatedperiodsofcontinuityandrupture.aftertheoutbreakofthepacificwar theassociationceaseditsactivitiesbutthepost-warperiodsawthecontinuationoftheself- governingcommunityfunctionsoftheassociationandofpublicspaceforshanghairesidents.in thelaterperiodofchina ssecondcivil Warwhentheeconomy wasdepressedandsocietyin turmoilthe Association was mired in dificultiesand eventualy disappeared in 95. UnderstandingcontinuityandruptureinthehistoryoftheResidents Associationprovidesus withauniqueperspectiveonthechangesofthatera. TheSpreadoftheEuropeanConceptof Civilization"toJapanandChinaanditsLocalization:An AnalysisCenteringonFran oispierreguilaumeguizotfukuzawayukichiandliangqichao Liu Wenming(66) ThenineteenthcenturyEuropeanconceptof civilization"containedelementsofimperialist ideologyandspreadthroughoutthe worldinthe wakeofeuropeancolonialexpansion.inthe courseoftheeastwardmovementandlocalizedabsorptionofthebasicconnotationsoftheconcept of civilization"wecantraceaclearlineofinheritancefrom GuizottoFukuzawaYukichiand LiangQichao.FukuzawaandLiang sadvocacyof civilization"reflectsthepowerfulinfluenceof European civilization"asaglobaldiscourse. Civilization"atthetimewasnotjustawordora conceptbuthadbecomea universal"valueorientationaswelasthegoalofsocialprogressfor whichalcountriesmuststriverepresentedby WesternEurope.ItwaswithinthisEurope-led discoursesystemthatfukuzawaandliangtriedtofindapathtowealthandstrengthandbuilda civilizationsuitedtotheirowncountries while absorbing"foreignimports.howeverthe outcomeofthelocalizationof civilization"inthe WesternsensewasquitediferentinJapanand China. Research Articles ALan"( )and FuTie"( ):BuddhistElementsinTurfanSogdianNames WangRui(78) TheinfluenceofBuddhismonSogdianswhohadmigratedintoChinawasreflectednotonly intheirbeliefsbutalsoinsomeoftheirhu ( non-han)names.sogdianhunamesfoundin Turfanliteratureincludebesidesthecommonlyseenfo ( Buddha")seng ( monk") andni ( nun")somestilobscurewordssuchasa Lan ( )andfutie ( ).A Lan isa Zoroastrian god with a strong coloring of Buddhism. The word has no etymological connectionwithitshomonymalan ( )butinsteadisrelatedtotheancientcapitalalanmi 90