( )
...1...2...4... 10... 11... 14... 19... 21... 24... 30... 34... 35... 55... 58... 60... 62... 63... 70... 74
... 75... 82... 88... 93... 95... 101...112... 122... 135... 137... 145... 148... 165... 168... 172... 176... 177... 184 II
8 1.5ml 5 1
10 15cm 8 12cm 1. 0.1 2
0.2mg/kg 0.2 0.6mg/kg 3 5 ( ) ( ) 4 5cm 3 3 8 10cm 2. 3
100ml 0.5% 50 100ml 2 3cm 2% 3% 10 15ml 1. 2% 5% 75% 2 2. ( 2 3 ) 8 12cm 4
1 2 1cm 3. (1) 3 2 5
( ) (2) 3 6
0.5 1cm 0.3 0.5cm (1) 7
(2) 2 4cm ( ) 3 4 8
5ml ( ) 5. ( ) 3 7 160 10 12 1 1.5cm 0.5cm 5% 6. 9
10 10
1. (A B ) 2. ( ) ( ) 2 3 1.5 2 3 11
2 3 3 12
3. 2 8 15g (1) (2) 30 40 60 13
80 (3) 3 5g 10 15 14
1. 12 24 2. 3. 2 3 3 15
10 12 4. 13 ( ) 16
5. 6. 17
7. 8. 30% 50ml 1 1.25kg 10 ( ) 5% 18
1. 2. 3. 19
2 4cm 4. ( ) 5. G+ G G- 6. 20
6 9 1 3 1. 50% 100% 15 20cm ( ) 12cm 21
45 50cm ( 80cm ) 2. 7 1/3 1/2 3. 250ml 22
3 10g 4. 20g 5. ph 23
1. (1) 10g 50g 24
(2) (3) 2. 25
50% ( 1 50% ) 1.5 5 m 6 10 m 16 m ( ) 25 m 8 18 m 26
3. (1) (2) 1ml 30% 2 (3) (4) (5) 4. 9.0% 35.0%( ) 5. (1) 27
(2) (3) 28
29
6. 1995 9.0% 35.0% 7.0% 1. (1) (GABA) (2) (3) 2 4-5- (5-HT) 30
(4) 2. (30mg/kg) ADP 31
Ca 2+ K + K+ - 3. (100mg/kg) ACT 4. Smc Smc-S2 Smc-F 32
5. 6. D 7. 8. 9. A2 33
10. S256 11. 100mg/kg (LPs) B-B 12. GSH GSH-Px 34
1. 25.7g 45g 39g 150g 210g 45g ( )37.5g 35
57g ( )90g ( )75g 48g 39g 51g 25g 75g 75g 45g 39g ( )75g 54g 44g 225g ( )7.5g 6.4g 16.1g 28.5g 28.4g 69.7g 24g 29 22 100g 90 110g 3g 1 1 2. 10g 60g 200g 120g 120g 80g 6 4 100g 100 120g 1.5g 3g 36
2 1 2 3 3. 0.5g 12 5 4 6 2 3 4. 3g 1 3 1/4 4 6 1/2 1 3 5. 8g 200g 20g 100g 50g 4g 30g 37
( )60g 50g 30g 10 6 100g 90 100g 1.5g 1 1 2 6. 60g 30g 45g 60g 30g 240g 75g 75g 180g 30g 400g 30g 15g 120g 15 9 100g 110 120g 20 1.3g 1.6g 20 40 2 1 2 1 7. 4.5g 3g 4.5g 38
3g 3g 3g 100 10 10 8. 75mg 100mg 200mg 6 75mg 1 3 100mg 3 5 150mg 5 7 200mg 3 9. ( )500g ( )500g 250g 250g 250g 100g 6 39
100g 1.9g 1 2 2 3 10. 15g ( )15g 10g ( )10g 10g 10g 15g 7 5 10 11. 150g 300g 150g 180g 225g 150g 60g 30g 8 0.3g 0.3 0.6g 1 2 40
12. 16g 1g 484g 0.5g 1 2 2 3 13. 25g 50g 50g 2.5g 15g 50g 25g 2.5g 9 1.75g 1 1 2 14. 0.4g 2 3 1 2 3 41
( ) 15. 0.34g 12 2 4 3 94% 16. 17. 42
( ) ( ) 6g 2 2 18. 0.34g 6 2 4 3 19. ( ) 0.6 0.9g 2 3 3 20. 43
6g 1 2 21. ( ) ( ) ( ) 1.5g 1 1 5g 1g 3 3 ( ) 22. ( ) 6g 3g 2 44
23. 1 2g 3 ( ) 24. ( ) ( ) ( ) 0.9g 2 3 1 1/2 2 ( ) 25. ( ) 1.2g ( ) 26. 45
100 0.38g 10 5 2 3 27. 1.25g 2.2g 6 ( ) 3 5 3% 1 1 1 1 28. 46
0.3g 0.3 0.9g 2 29. 3g 2 30. ( ) 0.3g 2 3 31. ( ) 47
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 10 1g 1 3 1 1 2 32. ( ) ( ) 0.6g 1 0.6 0.9g 1 2 3 3 33. 10 1.5g 1 2 4 3 34. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1.5g 48
1 2 1 2 1 1/2 3 4 1 1 1 1 2 35. ( ) ( 1.5g 1 1 1 1 2 1 36. ( ) ( ) 3.5g 1 1 1 2 37. ( ) ( ) 2g 1 2g 1 2 3 1 0.5g 4 6 1 1g 38. ( ) 2.2g 49
1 1 1 2 39. 3g 1 1 2 1 2 3 40. ( ) 10 0.15g 1 0.3 0.6g 1 2 41. ( ) ( ) ( ) 3g 1 3g 1 1 2 42. 3( ) 50 (2g) 50
1 1 3 1 1 1 15 2 43. ( ) 15g 1 7 13 1 1 2 44. ( ) ( ) 30 1 10 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 45. ( ) 0.6g 1 1 1/4 1 1 1/2 3 1 1 1 3 46. ( ) 51
( ) ( ) ( ) 0.6g 1 1 1/2 1 3 1 1 3 1 1 2 47. ( ) ( ) 0.5g 1 1 1 1 2 48. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 0.2g 1 1 1/2 1 1 1 49. ( ) 52
0.5g 2 5 1 2 2 1 2 50. ( ) ( ) 0.6g 1 1 2 51. 12( ) 1.5g 1 1.5 3g 1 1 2 52. ( ) ( ) ( 0.5g 1 4 5 1 2 53. ( ) ( ) ( ) 50 53
1 4 1 3 54. ( ) ( ) 0.5g 1 4 6 1 2 3 55. ( ) 0.3g 1 5 10 1 1 2 56. ( ) ( ) ( ) 0.6g 1 1 1 1 2 3 54
1. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2. ( ) ( ) 3. ( ) 4. ( ) 5. ( ) 6. 55
( ) 7. ( ) 8. ( ) 9. ( ) 10. ( ) ( ) 11. ( ) 12. ( ) 56
( ) 13. ( ) 14. ( ) ( ) 15. ( ) ( ) 16. ( ) ( ) 17. ( ) 57
18. ( ) 19. ( ) ( ) 20. ( ) 21. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1975 80 / 1986 130 / 2000 5 58
230 / 5100 200 5000 10 2 2 3 3000 2 3 ( ) 59
1. 2. 60Co 200Rd 9 1.56g/kg 60Co 3. 7 4. 5. 60
6. 7. 8. 61
9. 62
1. 3 9g 2. 1000g 4g 2g 2g 63
3g 1g 1g 1g 1g 6g 10 9 15.0% 1.2% 30ppm 3ppm 3 9g 3. 1000g 1g 1g 1g 1.5g 1g 4g 10g 8 7 15.0% 1% 64
65 30ppm 3ppm 3 9g 1 2 4. 1000g 6g 4g 1g 2g 1g 2g 1g 2g 1g 1g 0.5g 0.5g 0.5g 2g 2g 2g 5g 2g 1g 3g 12g 2g 22 15.0% 1.0% 30ppm 3ppm 3 9g 1 2 5. 360g 100g 400g 2 3
1.21 1.25 100g 500g 10 20g 2 ( 1986 ) 6. 50g 200g 100g 3 3 1.33 1 1.5 4 20g 2 7. 250g 200g 100g 200g 100g 50g 100g 6 3 1000g 1.28 1.32 66
20 25g 3 8. 50g 25g 175g 75g 3 500g 3g 1000ml ph 4.0 5.0 20g 3 9. 31.25g 9 15g 1 10. 67
200g 20g 11. ( ) 200g 1 10g 1 2 3 12. ( ) 250g 1 10 20g 1 2 13. ( ) 250g 1 10 20g 1 2 14. 200g 1 10g 1 2 15. ( ) ( ) ( ( ) 200ml 68
1 10 15ml 1 2 16. ( ) 15g 1 1 1 3 17. 10g 1 2 1 2 3 18. ( ) 20g 1 1 1 2 19. ( ) 10g 1 1 1 2 20. ( ) ( ) 200g 1 10 20g 1 2 21. 69
70 200g 1 10 20g 1 1 2 1. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2. (1) ( ) ( ) ( ) (2) ( ) ( ) ( ) 3. ( ) ( ) 4. ( ) ( ) 5.
( ) ( ) ( ) ) 6. ( ) ( ) 7. ( ) ( ) 8. ( ) ( ) ( ) 9. ( ) ( ) 10. ( 71
72 ) 11. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 12. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 13. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 14. ( ) ( ) ( ) 15. ( ) ( ) 16. ( ) ( ) ( )
( ) 17. ( ) ( ) 18. ( ) 19. ( ) ( ) ( ) 20. ( ) 21. ( ) ( ) ( ) 22. 73
( ) 23. ( ) 24. ( ) 25. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 74
30 120 (Hym- 75
enoptera) (Apocrita) (Apidae) (Apis) ( ) 1/4( ) 1 ( ) 3/4 76
( ) 18 22 250 ( ) 170 240 20 25 250 300 1500 ( ) 77
( ) ( ) 20 3 5 8 9 2 80 10 13 110 12 14 4.4 10000 1 78
2500 1 4 3 ( ) ( ) ( ) 3 79
4 6 3 6 5 6 150 12 15 220 15 17 7 10 8 14 12 20 1 5 80
1 2 81
1. (1) 3000 4000 4000 5000 8000 (2) (3) 82
(4) (5) (6) 2. (1) 83
(2) 3. 84
(1) (2) ( ) (3) 1. (1) 14 18 55 60 (2) ( ) (3) ( ) (4) 85
(5) 2. 80 100 3. 4. 5. 13 1.5 86
3 8 6. (1) (2) 87
(3) 88
7000 1983 2000 3000 3 ( 158-167 ) 3 (1184 ) (1819 ) 20 30 1926 E.F 89
30% 3 5 700 2000 90
500 20 1/3 4/5 91
30 ( ) 3 4 0.7 92
18% 26% 12% 15% 30% 50% 35% 64% 100% 5 6 93
150 ( ) 25 100 0.5 5.0 1 5 1 2 450 2000 100 1995 1999 400 15 20 5 30 40 1 500 94
650 70% 30% 400 95
80% 10% 10% 100 10 12 2 6 4.5 5.6 3.3 4.4 11 14 14 19 96
( ) 1000 ( ) 1. 12 14 2 4 97
6.2 6.9 2.2 2.7 10 50% 80% 2. 6.4 6.8 98
3. 4. 17 20 12 15 2 3 5.7 6.4 1.3 2.1 99
5. 6.4 6. ( ) 2 6.7 7.2 1.7 2.3 100
1. (1) (2) C ( ) 6 101
(3) (4) 102
1 5 5 6 16 6 12 13 17 17 35 35 103
1. 2. (75% 90%) (32 35 ) ( 36.3 ) (32 ) 104
( ) ( ) 105
1. 3 8 (1) 50 80 106
(2) 100 ( ) 8 107
8 15 9 10 100 6 500 4 5 1000 2 5000 15 ( ) 108
2. (1) 30 9- -2 109
(9-00A) 9- - - (9-HDA) - (2) 10- - - (10HDA) 10HDA 2-2- 2-20 110
(3) (4) 111
25 112
6 10 10 6 19 20 25 13 113
1. 34 35 27 30 4 37 3 ( ) 15 25 35 ( ) 10 1500 ( ) 114
6 10 24 30 2. 77% 84% 25% 100% 55% 60% 76% 91% 75% 80% 3. 115
4. 2 116
1. 2 3 1 ( ) 32 2 3 2. 117
8 10 2 ( ) 8 8 3. 20 30 (3 6 8 12 ) ( ) 118
1500 16 16 ( 4 ) 8 5 6 5 4 5 6 119
4. 12 5. 5 6 8 ( ) 14 30 6 10 120
6. 7 9 35 10 121
2 5 1. ( ) ( ) 2. 122
3. 123
25 3-1 3-2 3-1 6 8 124
7 8 7 20 50 8 6 8 4 5 5 10 25 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 6 7 : 5 6, 125
5 15 30 6 5 6 12 1 12 2 12 3 1 2 15 1 3 45 2 3 3 3 3 126
4 3 4 3 4 4 5 6 8 3 4 4 20 50 4 1 3 2 3 127
2 3 20 3 4 3 4 3 3 4 4 20 50 4 4 4 7 40-60 128
7 7 8 10 30 7 8 8 9 8 9 8 9 8 25-45 9 5 5 6 lo 40 4 5 6 129
5 6 5 6 5 20 40 7 6 7 7 6 7 7 7 20 50 6 7 7 7 7 4 4 4 5 130
10 30 5 5 5 7 9 10 20 8 9 7 10 7 8 10 40 7 8 7 8 5 6 11 3 8 131
9 20 40 10 12 80 15 10 (1) (2) 132
( ) (50% ) ( ) 1/3 (3) (4) ( ) ( ) (5) 133
1. 2. 3. 134
4. 135
80% 48000 330 6 (1) 15 20 (2) (3) (4) 136
10 ( ) ( ) 137
1. 4 7 2 4 7 17 11.5 8600 10 12 500 138
2. 1 3 1 2 4 5 139
1 2 10 3 1. (1) 140
2 141
(2) 2. 3. ( 45 30 ) 142
20 (1) (2) 10 7 8 7 9 (3) (4) 10 7 8 143
6 7 3 5 ( ) (5) 4. 2 4 5 6 ( 2 ) 144
5. 1 1. 145
5 10 11 12 1 8 10 ( ) 6 8 ( ) 10 4 5 3 4 5 146
3 5 2 3 5 2. 50 100 (1) (2) ( ) ( ) (3) 30 100 147
( ) 148
1. 20 5 20 2. 149
(1) ( ) (2) 20 50 16 5 21 24 12 36 20 150
(3) 15 1 6 8 ( ) 0.5 1 18 20 3. (1) 151
13 3 10 100 10 8 9 10 2 3 1 (2) 2 3 7 10 3 20 30 2 3 152
25 30 80% 90% 25 ( ) ( ) ( ) (3) 153
4. 200 3 5 24 5. 2 3 1 2 200 35 154
10 20 6. 7. (1) ( ) CO2( ) ( 155
) (2) 8 10 1 1.5 10 ( 7 15 ) 500 (3) 30 34 2 CO 2 2 ( ) 8. 20% 30% 156
10 7 2 3 3 4 2 3 1 3 8 157
8 2 11 158
3 7 10 10 10 18 159
(1) 160
10 (2) 10 70 70 90 50 100 20 30 161
1. (1) 45 30 40 30 40 10 (2) 2 3 162
(3) 1 2 3 6 10 6 8 6 7 15 10 5 18 2. 6 3. 8 9 5 6 163
3 9 10 6 8 2 2 2 6 8 2 2 2000 2500 4 ( ) 1 2 3 2 164
3 3 3 2 ( ) 4 ( ) 10 2 6 25 4 165
1. 2.5 166
50 2 3 2. 167
(1) (2) (3) (4) 1. ( ) 168
10 16 (1)10 10 10 ( ) 8 10 (2)12 12 169
10 1.5 25 12 455 455 330 450 330 12 435 300 310 (3)16 16 2 3 (4) 135 420 125 ( ) (5) 10 60 100 55 10 170
120 220 2. 380 22 165 9 50 8 380 10 30 9 60 40 171
3. 1. 3. 172
4. 5. 65 6. 7. 14 4.4 7.5 (1) 173
(2) (3) 5 10 9. (1) 174
(2) (3) 43 245 (4) 23 33 50 2 20 33 50 3 10. 175
1 2 3 2 3 1 20 30 2 3 176
16 1. 177
CO 2 H 2 O C H O Cn(H 2 O)n (2 10) ( ) ( ) 2-178
50 70 2. 13% 5 15.5% 2 10 17 179
40% 8% 24% 120 145 30 50 3. ( ) 1% 2% 4% 6% 180
2 4- ( ) 2.25 100 3768 4. B C 7 B C( ) 5. 181
( ) 2.9% 8.3% ( ) 0.1% 6. 66% 68% 200 20 182
2 20% 40% 60% 80% 3 4 5 6 183
1. 184
( ) ( ) 30 185
(1) 5% 2 3 3 ( ) 186
( ) ( ) 2500 ( 250 ) ( ) 2500 500 2000 187
14 10 15 (2) 188
(3) 2. (1) 189
(2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) 190
(10) (11) (12) 3. (1) ( ) 191
(2) (3) 192
( ) ( ) 1. 2 3 193
1 2 2. (1) ( ) (2) 194
2 3 1. 195
3 4 ( ) 2. 196
3. 4. 197
1. 25 26 2. 3. (1) 15 5 15 25 (2) (3) 198
(4) 26 ( ) 4. 30 ( ) 5. 6 12 0.3 110 220 4 5 6.3 12.6 350 199
6.3 12.6 4 7 220 350 6. 15 ( ) 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 3 7. 200
4 5 3 (1) 4 5 9 10 (2) 98% 20 (3) 4 5 5 12 15 3 201
-10 1. 202
2. 3. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 203
4. (1) (2) 6 10 20 30 ( ) (3) 2 3 10 (4) 204
15 20 15 20 80 150 ( 25 50 ) 1. (1) (2) (1) 4 205
1 2 1 0.1% (2) 1 1 1 2 (3) 10 10 1 (4) 20 2. (1) (2) 4 7.5 100 300 7 10 206
3. (1) 1 1 12 3 6.5 (2) 1 1 1 10 300 2 4. 5. 0.1% 5 207
1 30 5 208