2001 1 ( 124 ) POPULATION & ECONOMICS No. 1,2001 ( Tot. No. 124) 3 (, 210042) :19781995 1018, 20 % 810, 20 %40 %, ( ) 2,, 5 %20 %,20 %, 68 % ; 8 % 24 % : ; ; ; :C922 :A :1000-4149 (2001) 01-0012 - 11 The problem of china s illegal migration HUAN G Run2long (Nanjing College of Population Program Management,Nanjing,J iangsu Province,210042) Abstract : On the average,there are one hundred to one hundred and eighty thousand Chinese people who migrated abroad a year from 1978 to 1995. Among them the illegal migrants accounts for about 20 %. The illegal migration can be divided into two kinds,the illegally cross the national border migrants and the illegally staying in a foreign country migrants. The former numbers eighty thousand to one hundred thousand every year. The ratio of success is 20 % to 40 % and there are 20 thousand people who could really achieve their aimed destinations. The Chinese ille2 gally staying migrants are mainly distributed in the developed countries such as the United States,Canada,Australia and the European countries and they greatly exceed the illegally crossing border migrants in number. The migrants who illegally staying in a foreign country account for 5 % to 20 % of the total local Chinese people and its average an2 nual rate of growth is 20 %. Among the migrants who illegally cross the Western Pacific Ocean,the persons going to America account for 68 %,and the persons going to Eastern Asia and South America account for 8 % and 24 % re2 spectively. Keywords : overseas migration ;illegally crossing the national border migrants ;the migrants who illegally staying in a foreign country ;the Chinese and the overseas Chinese :2000-08 - 31 :(1952 - ),,,1982, 3 2000 6-12
,,,,, (),,, ;, ;,,,,,,,80,,,,, ;, ;,,100,,,,300, 100,,,,,,,,,, 11 19851990 27, 19851990 1990 2414 [1 ] (5 ) 70 1995 [2 ], 14215,1020, ; 1020, 1978 1995 10, 21 %, 118, 1997 ( Gold2 13
stone) 20 80 18, 215, [3 ] (Myers) 19901993 10,1995 [4 ], 20 80 1018 [5 ], 19801994 111 1997,, 1961 4 5,6 ;19781980 20, 19701980 29 595, 19741980 30 669 [6 ], ( ) 6 19781980 1980 10,19811995 23326, 13 755,19811995 317,2012 %(1) 1997,,, 1 19811995 3 () 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 7530 8676 4671 9653 12616 16832 22425 135811 1690 2483 2933 3090 3394 3707 4282 7227 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 5452 9592 - - - - - 23326 10389 18234 25600 27700 37600 31400 26600 13755 3 :..,1997, (1).? 2000 6 19,,60 58 (54 4) [7 ],,,,,2,, 4,,, 30004000 ;10,2 [8 ] 2000 7 18 15,28, 20,,,,1999 9 2000 7 5000, 6500 (42005000 ) [9 ],,, ( Poston),2005 2010 14
1125 1175, 20 % (2500 3500 ),15 %,2005 2010 375 525 [10 ], 1999, 9616 % ;,, [11 ] 20 %40 % 1997 6 3,, 30 3 5,610 9,2000 ;115 ; 5 5000 ; 15 1000, 818 20 %, 118,,1991 8 1994 4 [12 ], 33 5336 (172 ), 2000 58 %,68 % ; 9 %,8 % ; 33 %,24 % 21 1997 (Myers) [13 ],,; (),,, ;,, () ;, ( ), ;,80 118,90 312315,,, 20, 3 19911993 24,, 3000, 1000 [14 ],1999 8 800,1993 6 25 [15 ],10 4000, 2000, 1993 293 [16 ],, 3,1993 6 6,,, 6, 6 15
,10, 20, 4 [17 ] 1998 5 30 9,,, 22,,18 45,,, 7,, 1999 12 28 23 ; 7 12 2 ;2000 2 12 ; 12 ; 5 14 [18 ] 5,1012 ( 115 ) 31 1998 9 53 (42,11, 5 ), 115, 11 24,,,,, 28,,,,,,, 20,1999 1 26, 32 [19 ] 1999 4 10 [20 ],,,48,8 3, 118,,,,,,,, 1999 11 15 40 9 13,,,, 64,,, 3 16
,2000 2 26 40 41 1999 7, 123, 40,, 1999 8 11,,, 130, [21 ],,,,,, 1999 600,2000, 2000 25, 1999 12 20,,, 6,,,,,,,,,,, 51,,,,, ;,, 4000,4000, [22 ], 51,,3,,, 90 %, 1998 8 [23 ], 225,,,,,, 8 1997 11 5 13 110 8000, 110, 40,, 2, 20, 316, 2140, 17
, 1998 3 12,, 61 1978 20 [24 ], 1, 400,1990 1897, 18410 ;1993 5525 ; 1994 8453 ( 31 % 46 % 22 %), 259 ;1995 53883,8056 ( 51 % 40 % 9 %) ;1996 934, 2039, 18, 48 4849, 834 ;1998 6624,417,341 1097, 4272, 1999 7 30,,201 1999 8 30,8 6,,, 1631,,, 1999 148 994,23, 9616 % 2000 5, 59,52, 1653 2000 5, 68 115 2000 7 21 1 120, 52,34,18, 30, [25 ] 71,, 1840, ; ; 30 % ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 18
, 30 % [26 ], 11 % ( 113 %),90 20004000 1997 76 %,, 1 % 5 %16 %,, ;,,,, [27 ] 2,,2512 % 3 %10 %, 80,90 1993 5000 2 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 528 466 427 356 494 502 588 1142 1162 3167 4989 % 1111 618 516 314 315 218 216 311 315 511 718 % 3 414 315 315 318 511 3 3 5000,1993 5 313 (3),1112 %, 617, 1519 %19901994 4017 %,,1989 68,;,,,,,80,, 10,,,,2040 3 1990 6 1991 5 1992 5 1993 5 1994 5 10039 17353 25737 33312 39378 % 914 1019 912 1112 1315 :..,1997, (4) :14-21,,,, 19
,,,,,,,,,,, 20, [28 ] 27 %, 73 % [29 ],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, : 1),,,,,,1995 1/ 40,,,1/ 20, 2,, 510 2),,,,,,,,, 3),,70,, 3 415, 10 1993 850, 1998,,,,,,,, 20
4),,, 15, 10 118, 150,,,, [30 ],, ;,,,,, 15 1000 5000 (), (), 1 (),2 7,,,7,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,, 21
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