(CIP) ISBN 7-301-07137-X /. :, 2004.6... - -.D771.2-53 CIP (2004) 024737 : : : : ISBN 7-301-07137-X/ D 0869 : : 100871 : http:/ / cbs.pku.edu.cn : zpup@pup.pku.edu.cn : 62752015 62750672 62753121 : : : 890mm 1240mm A5 9.625 250 2004 6 1 2004 6 1 : 16.00,,
3, 1981,, 1990, 1997,, 1998 2000,,,
20 90,, 2000,, 20,,, 2002/ 2003, ( ), 90,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,?,,,,,,,,,
2, 21,,,,,,,, 9 11, 9 11, :, 20 70,,,,, 16,,,, 9 11,, : 2001 9 11,,,
3,,,?,?,, 1 :,,,,,, 2,,,,, 3,, 9 11,, 9 11,,,,,,,,, 10,,,,,
4,,,,,,, :, :???,,,,,?,,,,,,,,, 1 6, 6 :,,,,, : 4
5,,,,, : 5 9 11,,,, 6, 7,,, :,,,,,
6,,,,,,,,, 8 :,,,,,,, 9 :, ( ),,,, 10 21,, : 20,,,, 20,,, (1875 1914 ),,, 11 19 21,
7,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 20,,,, 12,, 21, 20,,,, 13,,,
8 11 :,, : 14, 80,,,,,,,,,, 80,,,,,, 90,, 15,,, 1991 1993 1993 1995 1999 1998/ 99
9 3,,,,,,,,,,,,, : 17,,,, 2000 11.7, (5.4 ) 2, (2.2 ) 5 18 2001 9 11 2002 3290, 10% 9,,
10,,,,, 19,,,,,,,,, 20,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 21,,,, 2003 2 15,, :, :,,,,
11 22,, 9 11, 20 80,, :,,,,,,,,, 23,, 90,, 21, :,,,,,,
12,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 9 11 3, 25,, :,,,,? :,,,,, 26,
13,, 27,,,,,,,,?,,,,,,,,?,,,,,,,, :
14,,,,,,,,,,,,, :, ;,, ;, 28,,,,,, 29,, 30,,,, 20 70,,,,,,,
15 9 11,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 31,,,,,, 2003 12 22 1 :,,,2002, 9 11 2 :,, 2000
16 51 3 :, 12 4 :,, 35 36 37 5 :,,2002 5, 23 6 :,, 2002 7/ 8 7 :,, 2002 7/ 8 8, 38 39 41 9 :,1995, 37 10 :,,2001, 53 54 55 11 :,,2002 10, 12 :,,2002 5 12 13 :, 14 :,,2002 6, 1 2 15 :,,2002 5, 6 7 16 :,,2002 6, 2 17 :, :,, 10 18, :,, 2001, 125 19 :,,2002 6, 31 32 20 :,,2002 3/ 4 21 :?,,2002 4 7 22 : :,,
17 5 31 23 :,,2001, 10 24 :,,,2002, 16 17 25, 17 18 26, 18 19 20 27, 20 21 28 :,,,2002, 159 29,,1999 12 20 30,, :, :,,2003 31 :,,,,2003 5 31
( 1945 ) ( ) (1) (18) (40) (78) (120) (132) (157) (176)? (193), (200) (209)
2 (257) (271)
,,,,, 2001 7 7,,,,, 2,,, 1996,,,,,, 3,,
2,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 18,,, :, ( 4, 9 ),,, :,,,,,,,,, (, ),,,
3,,,,,, 20,, 19 25,,,,,,,,,, 4,,,,,,,, (, 1, 655 ) 20, 2 3,, (
4, 27 ),,,,,?,, (1904 ),,, (1910 ),, ( 1916 ),,,,,,,,,,,,? 20 30,,, 30,, 30,,,
5,,, 30, : ( 1) ; (2) ( ) ; ( 3),,,, 20, 2,, 19/ 20, 20, 1898 1902, 1/ 4 1/ 3 1901, 165, 60% 1936, 30,,,, ( ), (1936 ),,
6, 30,, 30,,, ( ), (1965 ), :,,,, (1952 ),,,, 5, : 6,,,, ( ),,, ( ),,, 7
7 1942,,,, 1949 8,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1957, 9,, :,?,,? (, 136 ),,,
8, (, 142 ),,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1966, 1966 1974, 16, 10,,, (
9,,,,,, : ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,, 30,,,,,,,,,,,,,,30,,
10 30,, 20,, (, 3 ),,,, 20?, (1) 50 (,, ) ; (2 ), ; ( 3), ; ( 4), (,, ),,,,,,,, 10,,,,,, ( ),
11,, :,, 20 ( 1974 ),, 20,,,,,,, 11, 1969,,,, (1969 ),,,,,,,,
12 1950 10% 1964 20% 12?,,,,, 13,,, 60,,,, :, 15% 20%,,,,, ( 200 ),,, ( :,? ), 15 16,, / / / /
13,, ( :, 73 ),,,,,,,,, (, ),, ( ),,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,?,,,,
14,,,,,,,,, (,?, 4 5 ),, 1945, 70,,,, (2001 ) :,,,,,,,, (1 ), ( 2), ( 3), (, 51 52 )
15,,,, 1997 : 1974/ 75, ( 1), (2) ( ), ( 3),,,, 14,,,, :,,,,,,,, ( 37 ),,,,,
16,,,,,,,, : 1,,,,, (2002 7 8 ) 2 (, :, 2000 ) 3 1, 1995, 275 4, 3, : 1987, 541 544 5 6 : (,,1939 ), 149 7,,
17 :, :,,, 2000, 642 651 9, :, :, 36 43 10:,, 1997 44, 95 11, 12, :,, 385 394 13, (,1974,, 1957 ) 14:, 1997 9
1945 ) 1,, 1875 1914,,,,,, 1872 :,,,,, 2 (1894 ) :,,,, 3 :,,, 4, 19 ( ) :,,,,
( 1945 ) 19,, 5 20,, :???,,,, ;,,,,, 6,,,,, 7,
20,,,,, 1902,,,, :, :,, ( ),,,,,,,,,, 9, :,,,,
( 1945 ) 21,,,,, ( ) 19 90,,, :,?,?,??,,,,?, 1900,,,,,,,,
22,, 11,,,, 1912, 12,,, 1910 1915, :??,?,,?,, ( ),,,,,, 13,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,
( 1945 ) 23,,,,,, 15 19,,,,,, 16 :,,,, 17,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 18,,,,
24 19, :,,, 20,,,,,,,,,,,,, 21 (1913 ),,,,, 22,,,
( 1945 ) 25,,,, 23,,,,,,, 24,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1900,,,
26,,,,,,,,, 25,, 26 :,,,,,, 27,,,, 1915,, (1916 ), 1917,,,, 28
( 1945 ) 27,,,,,,,,,, 29,,, ;,,,, 1919 :,, 30,,,,,,,,, ( 1916 ),,,,
28,, (,,, ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,??,,,,,,,,,,,, 31,,,
( 1945 ) 29 32,, : (1 ), ; (2), ; ( 3) ; ( 4) ; (5) 33,, = ( ) 34,,,,,,,,, 35,,
30,, 36 37,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( 1915 ),,,,
( 1945 ) 31 38,,,,,,,,,,,, 39,,,,,, ( ),,,,, 40,,,,,,
32,, ( 1919 ) 41,,,,, 42 :, 43, ( ),,,, 44 45,,, 46 47,, 35,, 48,,,,,,,
( 1945 ) 33 ( ), ( 1932 ),,,,,,,,,,,,, 49,,,,,,, 50 10,,, :, 1902, :,,, 51,,,
34, 1928, R 52,,,, 5,,,, 53,,,, 54, 20 30, : L.A. I.A. L.A. E.L. N. D. J.A. K.W.,, 20,,,, 55,,,,,
( 1945 ) 35 1927, 56, :, :, 15, 1922 1939,,,,, 1929 1932, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
36,,,,,,,,,,,,, 20,,,, :,,, 57,,, :,,, 58 1929 1932,,,,,,,,,,,,,
( 1945 ) 37 1945 1,,,,2002 7/ 8 2 ( ) : 1872 6 24,,1968, 17 3:,,1971, 23 4 ( ) : 1890 1917,, 2,, - -,1978, 730 5,,,, 52 53 54 6 :,,,,1987, 7 7:,,,, 3, 524 8, 527 9 :,, -,1968 10 :,,,1957, 413 11 : 1890 1917, 741 742 12, 723 13, 723 14 :,, 1900, 2, 239 :,,, 1915, 2, 201 15 :,,,1955, 7 16:,,,1915
38 2, 110 111 17 :,, 1916 9,, 319 18:,, 111 19 :,,1912, 2, 101 :,, 1914, 1, 3 20:,,1915, 2, 909 21 :,, 201 22:,, 5,,,, 1975, 391 23, 391 392 24, 391 25:,,1909, 100 26, 101 27 :?,,,,1916 2, 2, 59 28 :, KG,,1969 29 30 : ABC, 8,,, 1921, 21 31 :, 22,, 1960, 269 270 32, 211 33, 270 271 34, 23, 34 35 :, 275 36, 290 37, 35,,1962, 427 38:, 144
( 1945 ) 39 :, 106 40:, 145 41 :,,, 1953 42, 119 43, 74 44 : ( 1946 ), :,, - -,1987, 165, :,,, 1987, 87 45 :,,1926 46 :, -,1926 47 :,, 1929 48, 178 49: 2,,,1927, 576 577 50, 146 51, 546 52 R. :,, -,1928 53, 43 54, 11 55 N.D. :,, 56,,1926 56 : 15, 10,,,1953 57:, 1922, 1 (1918 1964 ),,,1982, 287 58: 1931 4,, 1932, 13 15,, 345 346
) 1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 2,,,,,,,, 19 21,
( ) 41 3 (1) 21,,,,,,,,, (2) 200,,,,, (3),, 20 21 20,,,,, 21,,,,,, ;,,,,,, 4
42 20 25,,,, 20,,,,,, 5 21,,,,, 20,,, ( 1875 1914 ),,,,,, : ( ) ;, ; 20,,,, 20 :
( ) 43 6,,,,,,,,,, ( ), :,,,,, 7 20,, :, :
44?,,,,,,,,,,,,, : 19,,,,,,, 8 ( ) : 19 20,,,, 19,,, 9,,,
( ) 45,, ( ),,,,, / (,,,,, ),, 20,,, 19 20,,,, 10,, 19 20,,,,,, 11,,,,
46,,? 20 (1), : 19 80,,,,,,, ( ) 12,, (2) 13,,, 20,,,,,,, (3),,,,, 14
( ) 47 F W. (1856 1915 ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 20, ( ) 20 20, :
48,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,, 15,,,,,,,,,,, 20 :?
( ) 49,,,,,,,, ( ),,,, 1944,,,,, (GATT),,, :
50,,,,,,, 16,, 60,, 60,,,,, 1973 17, ;,,,,,,,, 21,,,,,
( ) 51, 70, 20,,20,,, 18,,,, ( ) 19, :,,,,, 20,,,,,,,,
52,,, 21 19 20,,,,,,,,,,, 21 : 20 70,
( ) 53, :,,,,, 22 20 70,,,, 1977, :,, 23, 1977, :,,,, ( ),, ( ), 1968 5, 24,,,,,,,
54,,,,, 25 :,, 26?,,,, :,,,, 27,,,,,,,, ( )
( ) 55, 20, :,, 29, 20 60,,,, ( ),,,, 30,,,,, :,,,
56 ( ),, ( ),,,, 31 1968,,, 32,,,,,, 33,,,,,,,
( ) 57,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,, 60,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ; 34, 20,,,,
58,,,,,,, 35 ( ) 21,,,,, 20,,, : (1),,,
( ) 59 (2) 20,,,, 36,,,,,, 37,,,, 38,,,,, 39,,,,, 40
60,, (3),,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,,, :,,, (low intensity conflict), 1945 75%, :,,,
( ) 61,,,,,,,,,,,,, 80%,,,, :, 1945 1990,, 2000,,,,,,,, 41,,,,, :,
62,,,,, 20, 60, 10, 1913, 3, 2, 200 20, :,,,,, 21, :,
( ) 63,, 20,,,, 42 21,,, ( ) 20 70,,, :,,, 43,, 20, ( ),, : 44,
64 20 70,,,,, 45 : 19 46,, 30,,, 47,,,, 48,,, 49,, 50,,,,
( ) 65 51,, ( ),,,, 20 70,,,,,, 52,,,,,,,, 21 ( ) 21,,, 20,,
66,,, 53,,,,, 20 70,,,,,,,,,,,, 20 70, 54,, 55 :, ;,,,, ( ),
( ) 67,, 57,,,,, 58,,??, :,,,,,,, 59 :,,,,, 60 ( ),
68,,,,,,, ( ), :,,,,,, 62,, ( ),,,,,
( ) 69,,,,, ( )19,,,,, 1800,, 20% 1871,,, 19, 63, ( ),,,,, 64,,,,,,, :
70, ( ), ( ),,,,, (2),,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,, (3),,,,,
( ) 71,, 20 60,, 70,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,, 70, :,,, 65 70,,
72,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 66,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,, ( ),,,,
( ) 73,, :, 67, :,,,,,,,,,,,, 21,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
74,,,,,,,,, 1999, 29, 20, 14,, 1992 1997,,,,,, 70,,, ( ),, 1,,
( ) 75 2002 10 2 :,, 2002 5, 43 3 :,2002 5 12 4 :,2001 10 11 5:,,2000, 50 6 :, 2001 7, 16 7:,, 5,,1975, 431 8 :, 1987, 83 9, 98 10 :, 22,,1960, 103 11, 271 12 :,, 1969, 152 13 :, 22,, 1960, 281 14 :, 64 15: 1, H.J. P.,,1962, 16 16:,,1983, 155 17 :,2001 7, 16 18 :,,2000, 29 19 :,, 2000 7/ 8, 5 20 :,,2002 5, 391 21 :,,,1976, 30 22 A. M. :,,1997, 7
76 :,,1978, 65 24, 60 25 :,,1997, 10 26 :,,2002,, 240 27, 241 28, 240 29, 267 30, 285 31, 275 32, 284 33, 285 34, 57 35 :,,1997, 118 36 :,,1999 5 6 37 38 39 :,,2002 40 : 21,, 1999 12 4 41:,,,2001 10 21 42 : 21,1999 12 4, 43 :,,2001, 13 44, 75 45, 24 46, 25 47, 26 48, 27 49, 28 50, 43 51, 41 52, 59
( ) 77, 176 54, 176 55, 172 56, 179 57, 177 58 :, :,,2002 59 :,,2001, 188 60, 189 61, 91 62:,,1983, 129 63 :,,,2002 8 30 64 65 :,, 2002, 93 66, 99 67 :,, 2002 5, 391
2001 9 11,? 2001 9 11 :?, 2 : 20 10 ; ; ; 19,19, 3?, 1991 9 23 ( 10?) 4, ( ), (
79 1994/ 95 1999, :,, : 5 10,, : 1991 1993 1993 1995 1999 1998/ 99, 1989/ 91,,,,,,,,, 1992,,, 6,, :
80,, ( ), 20 90,,, 1999,, 7 20 90 4,,,,, (1),?,?,,,,,,,,,,,,, 4 5 8,,,
81, 9, 9 11 150,,,,, :,,,? (2 ),,,,,,,,,, 7 (3),,,,, (4),,,,,, 2002 3,, :,, (2002 3 8 ), :,,,,
82,,,, 10 :,,, ( ), ( UCK, ), 20 90, 11 1990,,, 1991,,,,,,, 1992, 12,,,,, 13 20 90,,,
83,,,,,, ( ),,,, ( ),, 90,,,,,,,,, ( ) ( 1921 1948, ),,,,,,,,,,,
84,,,,,,,,,,,,,?,,,,, 20 60/ 70, :,,,,,,,,,,, 14, 7,,,,,, 20 90
85,,,, UCK,,,,,,? 15 R. : 16,,,, 1990,,,,,,,,,,,,, 17 :,,,,, :,,,,
86,,, :,,,,,,, 18 :,, (, ),,,,,, ( ),,,,, ( ),, 5, 5, 20 40 50,,,,,,
87,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,
88,, ( : ),,, 5, :,,,,, 90 4, 3, (, ),, ( ),,,, ( ),, 3,,, 7,, 19,,,,,,,,
89,,,,,? 1991,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,,,, ( ),,,,,
90 ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 20 80 90,,, /,,, :,,,,,,,,,,, 2001, 60%, 910, 2020 3,,,,
91, 20,, :,,,, 20 70/ 80,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
92 )?,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ), 18/ 19, ( ), : ( ) 21,,, 22 :, 18
93,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,, 23 2001 9 11, :,,,,,,,,,,,,
94,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 9 11, 24,,, 1979 1989, 1965,, 25,,,,,,,,,,
95 26,,,,,,, 9 11 : ( ),,,, ( ),, :, 1000,, 27, 9, 9 11 10 17 20,,,,
96 28 9 11,,,,,, 29, 2002,, :,? ( ), 9 11,,,,,,,,,,,,, 20,, 1, 30,,,,,, 2001 9 11,,
97,,, ( ),,,,,,, (,, ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ), 31,
98,,,,,, 32, 33,, 6, 2, 25000, 5000 34,,,,,,,,,,,,, :?,,,,,, 35
99 ( ),, 2001 9 11 36,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :, 37, (
100,, 1991,,,, 1996,, 1275, ( ) M. : Z. 38 J. L. H. D. : ( ),,, 39, 46.5% : 40 1999 3,, 150 9 2001, 3 41
101, 5, 42, D. :,, 43,,,, 2001 910, 51%, 2020 2600 44, 12000, 6000 7000 45,,, :,,,,, : 75%,, 60%,75%, 6, 6 46,,,, 47,,,, 5 6 : 3 4
102,, 1996,,,, ( 1996 1998 ),, 1998,,,, 180,,,,, 48 2001 5,, 8,,,,,,
103 10 49,, 9 11, 20 70 80,, ( ) 2001 9,,,, 10, W. :,,,,,,,, 50,,,, 51,
104,,,, 52,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ), ( ), ( ),,, 53,,,,,,, 54,,,,
105 :,,,, 55,,,,,,,,,,, 56,,,,,,, (GDP ) 2000 11.7, (5.4 ) 2, ( 2.2 ) 5 57 2001 9 11 2002 3290, 10% 58 9, 480,,
106, :,,,,,,, ( 20 70 ),,, 50 59,, (, ) 60,,,,,, 2001 9 11,,,,,, 1989/ 90,,,,,,
107,, 61,,,,, 62,, 1989/ 90 19 ( ), 20,,,,,,, G., 63, 1947 2 64 1950 1953 65, 1955,, ( ),
108 ( ), ( ),,,,,,,,,,,, 66 ( 1974, ),,,, :,,,,,,, 67,,,,,
109,,,,,,,,,, 20 70/ 80,, 10,,,,, 1999, : ( 1),,, ( 2),,,, ( ) ( ),, 1999,,, ( 3)
110 20 70,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1993 1995 1999,,, : 2001,,, 1999,,,,,,,
111,,,,,,,, /,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,, 68,,,, ( ),,, 69 (,,,, ), (,,
112,,,,, 2001 9 28,,,, 4,,,,, 1999,,,,,,,,,
113 ) 2001/ 2002,, ( PDS),, 1999,,,,,??,?,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
114,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 70,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
115,, 100,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1, 2002 6 2 B S. : :9 11,,,2001 4, 125, 523 540 3 M.D. :,,,2001 4, 125, 491 510 J. :,,2001 4, 125, 511 522 M. : 9 11,, 2001 11/ 12, 51 72 N. :,,,,1999 4,1992 9, 333 337 5 : 9 11,,2001 11/ 12, 53
116 :,,2001 4, 125, 524 7,, 8:,,2001 11 16 9 :, ( ),2001 10 22 10 E. :, 1993,,,,,,,, 11 1992 1995 ( ), : 12,,,,, (,,1974, 5, 3, 93 94 ),,, 13 S.L. :,,,DC, 1995 M. :,,1999 14:,,,,1999, 197 15 :,,,2000, 90 16,1999 18, 24 17 G. :?,, 1998 11, 7 10 N. :, :,,, 1999, 82
117 18,2002 2 8 19 :,,,1999, 20 P. :,,2002 1 25 26 21:,,, 1956, 1046 22,,, 23 9 11,,, 24 M. :?, http:/ / global research.ca/ articles/ CHO 109C.htmlvom12.9.01. 25 R. :,,2002 4 26 R. :, 2001 2 24, 27 P. :,2001 11 5, 28 M. Th. : 9 11,,,2001 4, 125, 541 556 29 E. :,,2001 9 20 E. :,,,2001 10 28 30?,,2002 1 13 31, St. :, 2001 10 24 V. :,2001 10 17 M. :, 2001 11 19 D. :, 2001 12 7 G. :,2001 12 10 32 J. J. :,2002 2 2 33,,2002 1
118 34 T.S, D.E. :,2002 2 2 35, R. :,,2001 9 25 36,D. :,2001 9 26 37:,,,2001 9 38 Z., 20 60,,, 1979 39:,,2001 9 40 41 :,,2001 10 6 42 P. :,,2002 1 26 43 :,2001 10 13 44 45 S. :, 2001 11 28 46 :,,2002 1 26 47 :?,2002 2 14 48 P. :,,,2001 9 49 :,,2002 1 26 50H. :,,2001 9/ 10, 120 34 51 52, 120
119, 121 54, 123 55, 124 56, 130 131 57,,,2001, 125 58 2001 6 29 2 59 :,20,,1995 60 E.N. :,,,,1994 61 : J. :,2002 2 16 62,,,,,, 63 G. :,,,1965 64 65,, 66,, E.S. D. :, Z,2002 2 67 2001 9 20, 2001 12, 102 68 :?,,2002 1/ 2, 136 137 69 :? 2001 9 12 11 7,,2001 4, 603 624 70 E. P.E. :,2001 1 13
?,?,?,,,,,,,,,,,, 70 ( ),,,, 2001 9 11,,,,
121 :,,,, 9 11 (?),, :,,, ( ),,,,,,,,?,,,,,, (, ),,
122 11,,,?,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,, ( ),,
123, :,,,?,, ( ) :,,,,,,,, ( ), ( ),, 70,,,
124,,,, ;,,,,,,, 2001 5, 2020 2/ 3,,, : ;,, ; ( ),,,,,,,, 25% (,,, ),,
125,, 1150,, 80 100, 600,, 7 300,, 2500 70,, 70, 55, 8,, 10,,,,, : ( TotalFinaElf) ( 180 ), (Lukoi) ( 150 ), ( ENI) ( ), 440,,,,,?? 9 11 : 9 11,, 9 11 :, /,
126, /,,, 9 11,,,,,,,,,, M.,,,,9 11 70,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,
127,,,, 9 11,, ( ),,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
128,, :, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,
129,, 40%, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,, 11 8,,,,,,,,,,,,
130, :, T.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
131,,,, /,,,,, ( ),,,,, : :,,,,,,,,,,, 1,1950, 2003 1
,, 9 11,, 9 11 9 11 :?,,,,,, 9 11,,,,, 9 11,
133,???, 9 11,,?,?,,,, ( 3, ),,,, :, 9 11,,,,,,,, 9 11,, 9 11,,, 9 11, 9 11
134, 9 11,,,,,,,, 11,, 9 11,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
135,,, 9 11,,,,,,,,, 90,,,,,,,, 1.,,,, 2.
136, 3. 4.,,,,, 5.,, 20 90,,,,, : (1 ) ; (2) ; (3)?,, 90,,,, 80,,
137,,, 70/ 80,,,,, 80,, ( ),,,,, 90,,,,,,,,?,, :,
138, 90,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 90,,, 10,, 90,
139,,,,,,,,,,,,?,,,,,,, :, :,,, ( ),, :, ;,, ;,
140,,,,,,, 10,, :,,,,,,,,,,,, :, ;, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,, :, :
141,,,,, 90 10,,,,,,,,,,, :,, :,,,,,,,,,
142, ( ),,,90,,,, ( ),,, 1998,,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,
143,,,,, 2001,, 9 11,,,,,,,,,,? 45,,,, 5, 9 11,,, 9 11,
144,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,?, 9 11, :,
145,,,,,,,,, ( ) ( ),,,,,,, 20,,,,, 20 90,,, ;,,
146,,,,,,,,, 1997,, (, ), 90,, 80 20 90,, 90,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,, ( ),
147 90,,, ( ),,,,,,, 9 11,,,, 20 90,
148 70,,,,,,,,,,,, 10 :,,,,,,,,, GUUAM, :,,,,
149,, 9 11,,,, 9 11,,, 9 11,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
150 20 80,,,, (1), ( ) 80,,,,, (2),,,,, (3),,,
151 90,,,,,,,,, :,,, 1997,,,, :, 10,,,
152,,,,,,,,, 10, ( ),, 7,,,,,,,,,,
153,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 9 11,,,,,,,, 6000,,
154,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
155,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 9 11,,,,,,,,, 10, :,,,
156,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1,,,,2002 5
2001 9 11,, :,,,, ( ),, 9 11,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,
158,,,,,? :!,,?,,,,,?,?,, :,,,,,,, 2,,,,,,,,,,,,,,?,,?
159? 3,,,,,,? :,? :!,,,?,, ( 1500 ),,,,,,,,,,,,!,,, :!,,,,,,
160,,?,,?,,,, ;,,,,,,,, (, ),,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,, :,,
161 11,, :?,?,,,,,,,?,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,
162,,,,,!!,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
163,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,, :,?,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
164,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
165,,,,,,,,,,?,,,,?, :,,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ) :,
166,,,,,,,,,, (!),,,,,,,,,,,?,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 4,,,,?, :
167,,,, :, :,?, :, :,?,,, :???,,,,,?,,,, 9 11, :,
168,,,,,,,,, 1 6,,, 6,,,,,,,,,,, : 9 11, 9 11,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
169,,,, :,,,,, (, ),,?,,,,?,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
170, :,, :, :,,,,, 9 11,,?,,,,,, :,?,,,,,, :,
171,,?,,,?,,,,??,,, :,,,,,,,,, :, ( ), :,,,,,,,,,
172,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
173,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,,,, :, :,,,?,,,,,,,,
174 16 20 21 ( ),,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
175,,,,?,,,,,,, :,,,,, 1,,,20 80,,, 2001 11, 2002 2 :,,2000, 51 3 :,?, 2000 :,, 2000 9 8, 4 :,, 2001 10 25, 11
1 :,,,,,,, 3,,??,,,,,,,????? 23
177,,,,,, 12 10000 5000,, 4, 8,,,,,,7 18 22,,,,,,,,, 150000,, T,,
178,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1968,,,,,?,??,?, :?,,,
179, :, 100 51 49, 200 1/ 4,,,, 50000,,,,,,,,, 10,, 3400,,, 16 2, 2500, 40000
180 1/ 3,,,,, 1980 80%, 1000%,,,,, 60,,,,,,,,,, 4 : 12,, 25,?,,,,,,,,,,,
181,,,,,,,,,,, 10 1,,, 10 30%,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
182,,,,,,,,,,,,,,?,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,
183, 700%,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,, 37600,???,,,,,,, 5% 1%,,,,,,,,,,
184,, : T,,!,, :,, :,?,,, 200, 7 14,,,,,,,,,,,,
185?,,?,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,?,??,?,,,?,,,
186, 700,, 12, ATTAC,8, :,,, 23,, 540, 170,, :,,,,,,, ATTAC,
187 1999 7, 49 7 23,,, 22.4,,, :,,, 8,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
188,,,,,,, 10, 2250,,,, :,, 6000 4000,,,,,, :, 100, 49,,,,,
189,,,, 9,,,, :,,,, 70 :,,, 0.1%, 1000,,,,,,,,,,,,, 48 400,,,,
190,, 30 1929,, 20000, 4, 2/ 3,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( : ) ( ),,,,, 5000,
191,,, 6,,, : 1996 7 27 8 4,,, 40 3000 1999 11 30 1999 12 3,,,50000 2000 1 27 2 1,, 30,1000 2000 4 16 18,,,20000 2000 9 11 13,,,10000 2000 9 26 27,,,9000 2000 12 7 10,,,60000 2001 1 25 30
192 10000, ( ) 2001 4 20 23,,34, 25000 2001 7 15 16,, 20000 2001 7 1 3,,,2000 1 2001 30,
1, 8, :,,, () :,, WTO,,,,
194?,,,,,,,,,, ( ), ( ),, WTO,,,,,,,,
? 195,??? :,,,,,,, WTO, WTO, WTO,, ( ) :,, 20,,,!, ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ),,,
196 ),,,,,,,, /,,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,
? 197,,,,,,, ( ),,,,,, ( ),,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,
198,,, ( 8 ),,,,,,,,,, :,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,
? 199?,,,,?,,,,,,,,,,,, 70,,,,,,,,,,, 1,1950,, 2001 4
1 9 11,,, 2001 9 11 ( ),,, ( )60,,,,, 9 11,, ( ),, 1929, 9 11 2001 90,,, (attac 2 ),, 2001 7 9 7,,
, 201,,,,,,,,,, 20 60 70,,,,,, :,,, 20 80,,,,,,,, 20 90,, 9 11,?,,,,,,,
202,,,, 1968,,,,,,,?,?,,,,, 9 11,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
, 203,,,,,,,, 3,,,?,,,, 4,,,,?? (, ),,,,,,,,
204,, ;,,,,,,,, 143,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
, 205 ),,,,,,,,,,, 20 90,, ( ), 40% ( ) 57% ( ),,,,,,,,,, 19,,,,,,,,
206,,, ( ), 5,,,, 9 11,,,,,,,, :??,,,,,,,,,,
, 207,,,,,,?,,,,,,,,,,,,, 9 11, 20 80,,,,,,,,,,,, 9 11,,
208,,,,,?,, 1,,1950,,,1995 1997/ 98, 2 Attac 1998 : Associatio pour une Taxation des Transations financiers pour I Aide aux Citoyens, 3,,2001 11, 4 1999 11 5,
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282,, 70,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 200 100,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
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