* 1603 1566-1625 1605 Gunpowder Plot 11 5 Henry Garnet 1555-1606 1 Oath of allegiance 7 1606 6 22 1552-1621 1606 9 22 2 Roberto Francesco Romolo Bellarmino 1542-1621 George Blackwell 1545-1613 3 Triplici nodo triplex cuneus or an Apologie for Oath of Allegiance 1608 4 1 2 3 4 * See the Entry of Gunpowder Plot On http / /en. wikipedia. org /wiki /Gunpowder_Plot 2011 4 14 See the Entry of Oath of Allegiance United_Kingdom On http / /en. wikipedia. org /wiki /Oath_ of_allegiance_ United_Kingdom 2011 4 14 See the Entry of Pope Paul V On http / /en. wikipedia. org /wiki /Pope_Paul_V 2011 4 14 See The Political Works of James I The Lawbook Exchange Ltd. Union New Jersey 2002 pp. 71ss. 159
2011 5 5 6 Matthaeus Tortus Responsio ad librum inscriptum Triplici nodo triplex cuneus 7 Francisco Suárez 1548-1617 1613 De defensione fidei catholicae Adversus anglicanae sectae errores 8 9 瑏瑠 1614 瑏瑡 Robert Filmer 1588-1653 瑏瑢 1630-1640 subjection 瑏瑣 Theory of Natural Subjection Theory of Natural Freedom 瑏瑤 1588-1679 1651 5 6 7 8 9 瑏瑠 瑏瑡 瑏瑢 瑏瑣 瑏瑤 4 The Political Works of James I 108 See John Hearsey McMillan Salmon Renaissance and Revolt Essays in the Intellectual and Social History of Early Modern France Cambridge University Press 2003 p. 184. 4 The Political Works of James I Ixi Cfr. Francisco Suárez Opera omnia Tomo 24 apud Ludovicum Vivès 1859 p. 208. See J. P. Sommerville From Suarez to Filmer A Reappraisal In The Historical Journal Vol. 25 No. 3 Sep. 1982 p. 529. 9 J. P. Sommerville 531 See Pérez Goyena Antonio. " Francisco Suárez" The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 14 New York Robert Appleton Company 1912 On http / /www. newadvent. org /cathen /14319a. htm 2011 4 6 John Buckeridge Thomas Jackson Marco Antonio de Dominis 1566-1624 Perron I see not then how the children of Adam or of any man else can be free from subjection to their parents. See Robert Filmer Patriarcha or the Natural Power of King On http / /www. constitution. org /eng /patriarcha. htm 2011 4 2 瑏瑣 Robert Filmer 160
瑏瑥 瑏瑦 1632-1704 1689 1 2 3 瑏瑧 1712-1778 1762 瑏瑨 Free from subjection 瑏瑩 瑐瑠 James Tyrrell 1642-1718 Patriarcha non monarcha 1681 Algernon Sidney 1623-1683 Discourses Concerning Government 1751 瑐瑡 瑐瑢 George Mason 1725 1792 1776 1 That all men are born equally free and independent 瑐瑣 That all men are by nature equally free and independent 瑏瑥 瑏瑦 瑏瑧 瑏瑨 瑏瑩 瑐瑠 瑐瑡 瑐瑢 瑐瑣 2006 253 See Gordon Schochet Thomas Hobbes on the Family and the State of Nature In Political Science Quarterly Vol. 82 No. 3 Sep. 1967 p. 435. 1982 44 1980 8 瑏瑨 9 瑏瑨 9 See Gordon Schochet Patriarchalism Politics and Mass Attitudes in Stuart England In The Historical Journal Vol. 12 No. 3 1969 p. 423. See Gaillard Hunt The Virginia Declaration of Rights and Cardinal Bellarmine In The Catholic Historical Review Vol. 3. No. 3 1917 p. 283. 瑐瑢 Gaillard Hunt 288 161
2011 5 瑐瑤 1 瑐瑥 瑐瑦 瑐瑧 瑐瑨 1789 瑐瑩 1 all men are created equal 瑑瑠 1 瑑瑡 1 Les hommes naissent et demeurent libres et égaux en droits 瑑瑢 瑑瑣 瑐瑤 瑐瑥 瑐瑦 瑐瑧 瑐瑨 瑐瑩 瑑瑠 瑑瑡 瑑瑢 瑑瑣 瑐瑢 Gaillard Hunt 289 See Robert Filmer Patriarcha and Other Political Works Basil Blackwell Oxford 1949 p. 53. See De Laicis - Saint Robert Bellarmine s Treatise on Civil Government On http / /catholicism. org /de - laici s. html /7 2011 4 12 瑏瑤 瑐瑢 Gaillard Hunt 287 瑐瑢 Gaillard Hunt 289 瑐瑦 Gary S. Dykes Are All Men Created Equal An Issue in Semantics On http / /www. biblical - data. org /Equality. pdf 2011 7 6 1989 761 2009 3 162
Paul Laband 1838-1918 Das Staatsrecht des deutschen Reiches 1876-1882 19 20 瑑瑤 80 1903 1993 瑑瑥 瑑瑦 1986 2 瑑瑧 瑑瑨 1 瑑瑩 2 瑒瑠 3 瑒瑡 2011 4 28 0-14 222459737 瑒瑢 1 /6 2. 2 6. 6 14-18 18 19 19 20 J. N. Figgis J. W. Allen Gordon Schochet James Daly Carole Pateman Linda Nicholson 瑒瑣 1898 Ernst Zitelmann 1852 1923 II 1 Recht des rechtlichen K nnens 1903 Emil Seckel 1864 1924 Gestaltungsrechte 瑒瑤 瑑瑤 瑑瑥 瑑瑦 瑑瑧 瑑瑨 瑑瑩 瑒瑠 瑒瑡 瑒瑢 瑒瑣 瑒瑤 See Gabor Hamza The Classification into Branches of Modern Legal System and Roman Law Traditions In Revista de Derecho de la Ponteficia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso Vol. XXVII 2006 p. 459. 2003 1 瑑瑣 2009 3 1990 23 100 2002 21 1997 3 2005 195 2010 1 http / /news. xinhuanet. com /politics /2011-04 /28 /c_121358336_2. htm 2011 7 6 See J. P. Sommerville Filmer and Patriarchalism On http / /history. wisc. edu /sommerville /367 /367-043. htm 2011 6 14 30 2004 11 163
2011 5 Giuseppe Chiovenda 1872-1937 Recht diritto potestativo potestà 瑒瑥 diritto potestativo 瑒瑦 diritto formativo diritto potestativo potestà 瑒瑧 potestà potere diritto potestativo diritto potestativo Chiovenda Recht potestativo Chiovenda 1865 potestà 瑒瑨 Chiovenda 瑒瑩 Wesley Newcomb Hohfeld 1879 1918 1913 4 瑓瑠 Eduard B tticher 1899-1989 Recht Unterwerfung 1964 瑒瑥 瑒瑦 瑒瑧 瑒瑨 瑒瑩 瑓瑠 Cfr. G. Chiovenda L azione nel sistema dei diritti Saggi di diritto processuale civile Roma Sefi 1930 p. 20. Derecho Potestativo Direito potestativo Droit potestatif Cfr. Federico del Giudice e Sergio Beltrani a cura di Nuovo Dizionario Giuridico Romano Napoli Edizione Simone 1995 p. 342. Cfr. Iolanda Pepe A cura di Codice Civile 1865 Codice Commercio 1882 Edizione Simone Napoli 1996 p. 498. 1998 2 164
Gestaltungsrecht und Unterwerfung im Privatrecht Rechtspflicht 瑓瑡 Fremdbestimmung subjectus soggezione sujétion sujeción sujei o subjection subicere sub jacere 瑓瑢 瑓瑣 1606-1873 1869 legal subordination 瑓瑤 1896 E. Belfort Bax 瑓瑥 subjectus 瑓瑦 18 180 瑓瑧 瑓瑨 Unterwerfung unter werfen 瑓瑩 unterwerfen subicere unterwerfen subicere subicere subjectus unterwerfen Unterwerfung Subjekt Unterwerfung 1942 瑓瑡 瑓瑢 瑓瑣 瑓瑤 瑓瑥 瑓瑦 瑓瑧 瑓瑨 瑓瑩 2004 1 subjectus On http / /www. etymonline. com /index. php search = subject&searchmode = none 2011 4 16 1988 522 See John Stuart Mill Subjection of Women Republished 2008 by Forgotten Books www. forgottenbooks org. p. 1. See Two Barristers The Legal Subjection of Men Twentieth Century Press London 1896. See Jean Bodin On Sovereignty Four Chapters from Six Books of the Commonwealth edited by Julian H. Franklin Cambridge University Press 1992 p. 16. Véase Alejandro Guzmán Brito Los Orígenes de La Noción de Sujeto de Derecho. Rev. estud. hist. - juríd. online. 2002 n. 24 citado 2011-06 - 29 pp. 151-247. Disponible en http / /www. scielo. cl /scielo. php script = sci _ arttext&pid = S0716-54552002002400007&lng = es&nrm = iso. ISSN 0716-5455. doi 10. 4067 /S0716-545520 02002400007. 1 1989 17 1983 1298 1409 165
2011 5 瑔瑠 soggezione 瑔瑡 Manuel de Andrade 1944 Teoria Geral da Rela o Jurídica 3 16 17 Carlos Alberto da Mota Pinto 1936-1985 瑔瑢 瑔瑣 瑔瑤 瑔瑥 瑔瑦 瑔瑧 瑔瑠 瑔瑡 瑔瑢 瑔瑣 瑔瑤 瑔瑥 瑔瑦 瑔瑧 Cfr. Antonio Scialoja Giuseppe Branca Francesco Galgano Commentario del Codice civile Scialoja - Branca N. Zanichelli 1943 p. 32. Cfr. Federico del Giudice A cura di Nuovo Dizionario Giuridico Napoli Edizione Simone pp. 1170s. Cfr. C. Massimo Bianca Guido Patti Salvatore Patti Lessico di Diritto Civile Giuffrè Milano 2001 p. 703. Cfr. Francesco Gazzoni Manuale di Diritto Privato Edizione Scientifiche Italiane Napoli - Roma 1987 p. 68. Carlos Alberto da Mota Pinto 1999 92 瑓瑡 2007 155 Pinto José Pinheiro Torres 2007 Repertório do Direito de Macau 362 2008 Processo n. o 340 /2008 Data do acórd o 2008-07 - 03 Recurso civil 2006 4 2000 75 166
16 117 3 4 瑔瑨 瑔瑩 瑖瑠 瑖瑡 瑖瑢 瑖瑣 瑖瑤 瑖瑥 瑔瑨 瑔瑩 瑖瑠 瑖瑡 瑖瑢 瑖瑣 瑖瑤 瑖瑥 2005 42 2001 361 1983 108 1962 2833 Cfr. Luigi Brigida La Patria Potestas Dal Codice 1865 al Diritto Famiglia Su http / /www. diritto e storia. it / archiviogiuridico /Archivio _8 /Brigida. pdf 2011 6 30 See John Crook Patria Potestas In The Classical Quarterly New Series Vol. 17 No. 1 May 1967 p. 1. Voir Jaques Ramin and Paul Veyne Droit et société les hommes libres qui passent pour esclaves et l esclavage volontaire In Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte Vol. 30 No. 4 1981 p. 486. 2011 120 167
2011 5 瑖瑦 80 100 瑖瑧 瑖瑨 瑖瑩 瑘瑠 瑘瑡 1900 274929 16 39866 1 /3 10-15 6-9 瑘瑢 18 19 20 1724-1804 pers nlichen Sachrechten 瑘瑣 Gewalt 18 25 瑘瑤 瑖瑦 瑖瑧 瑖瑨 瑖瑩 瑘瑠 瑘瑡 瑘瑢 瑘瑣 瑘瑤 瑖瑥 349 2000 75 瑐瑡 2010 2 瑏瑣 Robert Filmer See Barbara Bennett Woodhouse " Who Owns the Child Meyer and Pierce and the Child as Property" In William and Mary Law Review Vol. 33 1992 p. 1037 1064. 2000 2 1991 73 21 18 2 2003 168
瑘瑥 19 50 瑘瑦 1979 瑘瑧 1959 1989 Children Act 1991 2004 Parental Responsibility 瑘瑨 Potestas 瑘瑩 瑝瑠 瑝瑡 1989 12 1 瑝瑢 18 20 18 瑘瑥 瑘瑦 瑘瑧 瑘瑨 瑘瑩 瑝瑠 瑝瑡 瑝瑢 1991 160 2010 1 2009 2010 314 See N. Y. Lowe The Legal Position of Parents and Children in English Law In 1994 Singapore Journal of Legal Studies p. 339. Cfr. Francesco Santoro - Passarelli Dotrine generali del diritto civile Nona Edizione Napoli Jovene 2002 p. 74. 16 http / /baike. baidu. com /view /102405. htm 2010 1 28 169
2011 5 瑝瑣 Otto von Gierke 1841-1921 瑝瑤 瑝瑥 Massimo Roccella 瑝瑦 2086 瑝瑧 1976 11 11 3 瑝瑨 瑝瑩 1 2 3 瑝瑣 瑝瑤 瑝瑥 瑝瑦 瑝瑧 瑝瑨 瑝瑩 See Margaret Jane Radin Reinterpreting Property The University of Chicago Press Chicago and London 1993 p. 49. 2010 4 7 4 2006 98 Cfr. Massimo Roccella Manuale di Diritto del Lavoro. Giapichelli Editore Torino 2008 p. 4. 2004 2004 489 Cfr. C. Massimo Bianca Diritto Civile 1 La norma giuridica i soggetti Giuffrè Milano 2002 p. 203 note 229. 2007 10 2010 3 2003 3 1999 4 2007 1 100 7 W. 2005 53 1 瑝瑦 Massimo Roccella 282 315-319 170
1. 2. 3. W. 1 瑝瑦 Massimo Roccella 4 2 2 2011 18-19 2000 3 171
2011 5 1. 2. condizione potestativa 1478 1355 potestativa 3. 1341 1342 1993 13 Clausola vessatoria 1996 52 1469 6 2005 1993 13 33 1 18 1837 On http / /bbs1. people. com. cn /postdetail. do boardid = 24&tree View = 1&view = 2&id = 96299716 2011 7 12 Véase Victor Vial Del Rio Teoria General del Acto Juridico Editorial Juridica De Chile Santiago 2006 pag. 333. 2004 2004 350 Cfr. Codice Civile e leggi complementari A cura di Giuseppe Finocchiaro 2010 Gruppo 24 ore Milano p. 1386. 瑝瑥 99 172
1917 Tripartite relationship 1865 1911 1942 1971 瑘瑦 2004 8 2004 83 瑘瑦 Cfr. Iolanda Pepe A cura di Codice Civile 1865 Codice Commercio 1882 Edizione Simone Napoli 1996 pp. 196s. 2005 3 瑝瑥 99 2007 1 2008 5 2007 1 2005 5 2009 6 2005 6 2002 2 173
2011 5 41 200 1 2 traits Cfr. L. Bigliazzi Geri et al. Diritto Civile 1 Norme soggetti e rapporto giuridico UTET Torino 1987 p. 323. 2011 1 2009 111 174
2 18-19 21 2 Abstract The proposition that all men are born equally came into being in the debate between Filmer and two scholastics philosophers Bellarmine and Suarez. Although the proposition had a significant influence on both Public Law and Private Law in western world it cannot cover the parent - child relationship. After the formation of the theory of formative right people began to realize more and more non - equal relationship field in private law. Since the discovery of the dependency of the labor relationship the house lease relationship contractual relationship with a condition whose realization depends on the will of the contractual parties the relationship of adhesion contract and even the conception of oppressive clause clausola vessatoria have been discovered gradually. Consequently a set of new legal systems have been established to adjust these non - e- qualizing relationships and to query the truthfulness of the traditional statement that civil law adjusts the relationship between civil subjects with equal status. The protective nature of subjection relationship decides that the word subjection here is not equal to humiliation. 2010 3 2004 71 175