初中学习顾问·八年级·语文·人民教育版
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1 (CIP)../,.- :, ISBN Ⅰ. Ⅱ.1 2 Ⅲ.- - Ⅳ.G634 CIP(2009) : : () E mailaaa@xycbs.com / ISBN :18.80 (,)
2 1 /3 /4 /13 /16 2 /18 /19 /26 /28 3 /31 /32 /37 /40 4 /42 /43 /50 /52 5 /54 /55 /64 /66 6 /71 /71 /75 /78 7 /79 /79 /85 /87 8 /89 /90 /94 /96 9 /98 /99 /103 /105 10( ) /108 /109 /113 /115 Ⅰ
3 11 /119 /119 /125 /127 12, /130 /131 /137 / /142 /143 /150 / /155 /156 /161 / /165 /166 /174 / /181 /182 /187 / /192 /193 /198 / /202 /203 /208 / /212 /213 /217 / /221 /222 /230 /232 Ⅱ
4 21 /236 /237 /240 / /244 /245 /248 / /251 /252 /255 / ( ) /258 /259 /263 / /266 /267 /273 / /278 /278 /282 / /285 /285 /291 / /295 /296 /301 / /304 /305 /309 / /312 /313 /322 / Ⅲ
5 , ( ) , ( ) Ⅳ
6
7 0 0 2,, 1.,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 20 2., 3.,,,,,
8 1 1 / / / / (,) 獉獉獉獉 / /, / / 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉 / /, / / ( 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉, ) / /, / / ( 獉獉獉獉獉,) (1881~1936),,, 19185,,,1918~1926,,, Q,,,,, ,, 27, 19047,,,1936,,:,,, 0 0 3
9 1 [ 1,,,,, ],,,,, (1),,,,,, [ 2, ;,,,;[,,, ],, 3,[ ] 0 (1~3), 0 4,,,, ] [, 2,, : ] 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪, ()
10 , 4,, 4,, :,,,; ; 5 [,,, ],,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 6,,,,,,:[, ] 7 8,, ; 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 1 (4) 5, (5) 6~7,, 8, 0 0 5
11 0 0 6,, 9,,,, ;,,,, [, ] 10, (4~10), 瑏瑡,,,,, 瑏瑢, 瑏瑣 瑏瑤 瑏瑥,,,,,,,,,, [, ] :,, [,, ] 瑏瑦,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 9, 10,, ( ) 11~15,,, (11~15) 16~19, :,,
12 ,,, : 瑏瑧,,,,,,, [,, ] 瑏瑨,, : 瑏瑩 ;, 瑐瑣,,,,, (11~23),, :, 瑐瑤,,,,,,,: 瑐瑥 (16~19) 瑐瑠,, 20,,,, 21~22,, [, : ], 瑐瑡,, 23,,: 瑐瑢, ( ),, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 1 24~26,, 0, 0 7
13 0 0 8 瑐瑦,,,,,,, 27,,, 瑐瑧,,,,,, 瑐瑨 ;,,,,, 瑐瑩,,,: [,,, 28, (24~28) 29~31, ] :,,,,, :,,,; [,, ] 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪
14 瑑瑠 瑑瑡,,, [ ],,,,, 瑑瑢,,,,, 瑑瑣,,,, 瑑瑤, 瑑瑥,,,:, ;, (24~35),, (4~35),, 瑑瑦,,,,,,,,,,, 瑑瑧,,,, :,,,,;,, [ 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 1 (29~31) 32~35, ( ) () 烄 烅 烆 烄 烅烆 36,, 37, 0 0 9
15 ,,,,, (36~37), ],, 38, 瑑瑨,, :,,,,,, (),,,,,,[,, () ][, ][,, ], [, ][,,,,, ] (36~38), 0,, 1 0 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪
16 1 ( 犿 à 狀 ) ( 犳 ē 犻 ) ( 犼 ì) ( 犼 ī) 獉獉獉獉 ( 狔 ǎ 狅 ) ( 狆犻 ē) ( 犺狌 ì) ( 狀 ì) 獉獉獉獉 { { { { { ~,, ~,,,,,, 1.,, (), (),,,,,,,,,,, 2.,,,,,,,, 3.,0 1,, 1
17 0 1 2,:,,,,, 1. :, :, : : : 2.,,, : ;,,,,, ;,,,,, (),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( )
18 1,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,S,,,, S,,,, ;,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 0 1,, 3
19 0 1 4,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,, 1. (1),, (2),, (3),, (4), (5), ;, 2. :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
20 1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,, Q :, Q,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,;,, :,,,,:,,,,,,,,,, 0 1, 5
21 1.,,,,,,,, 獉 獉 (1) ( ) ( ) 獉獉 (2) 2. (1)( ) A. B. C. D. 獉 (2)( ) A. B. C. D. 獉 (3)( ) A. B. C. D. 獉 (4) ( ) A. B. C. D. 獉 3., 4.,,,,, (30), 5~8 1, 2,,,,,,, 3, 0 ; 1 6 4,,,
22 ,, 5,,,, 6,,:, 獉 獉獉獉 7,, ,, 171, :,,,,,,,,,,,, 8, (1), ( 80) (2),,, () : 1 10.,,, 0 1, 7
23 2 / /, / / (, ) 獉獉獉獉 / /, / / (, 獉獉獉獉 ) / /, / / (, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉 ) (1891~1962),,,,,, () () ( ), 1962,16, 23,,,,,,, 0 1 8
24 2 1, [, ],,,,,,,,,,, :, 2,,,, (,,,,,),,,,,, ;,, 3 (1895~1904), (), (,,, ),,,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 1,,,, (1) : 烄 烅 烆 2,,,, (2) 0 1 9
25 30,,;, [ 30,,,,,,, ],,,,, 4,,, [, ] (1~4), 5,,,,,,, :,, ( )[,, ],,, ;,,,, 10, 0,, 2 0 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 3,, (3) () { 烄 烅 烆 5,,, (5)
26 6,,,,, [, ],,,,,,,,, [,,,,,, ] 823,, [ 23,, ] 6, (6) 7,,,,,, :, : (),, 7,,,,, (7) :,,,,,,,,,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 2 8, 0 2 1
27 0 2 2,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, [,, ] 9, [, ],,,,,,;,,,,, ; 10,,,,,,,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 (8) 9,, 10,,,
28 , (9~10),,,, 烄 烅,, 烆 瑏瑡,,,,, 11,,,,,,,,,,,, ( )( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,, [, ] 瑏瑢,,,,,,,,,,, (5~12), :, ; 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 2 (11) 12,, () 烄 烅 烆 () 0 2 3
29 瑏瑣, 14(12 ), [,, ],,, [,,, ],, (13), 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 () ( 犳 á) ( 犾犻 à 狀犵 ) ( 犿 ò) ( 狊犺 ù) 獉獉獉獉 ( 犿 é 犻 ) ( 狕犺 ō 狌 ) ( 狊犺 ē 狀犵 ) ( 犿 ó) 獉獉獉獉 ( 狋犻 ǎ 狀 ) ( 狑 ǔ) ( 狔 ì) ( 狊犺 ù) 獉獉獉獉狋 í { 犱 ī 犮犺狌 ò { 犮犺 ā 狅 犫 ó { 犫 á 狅 狇犻 ā 狅 { 狇犻 ǎ 狅 { { { { ~, ~,,~,
30 2,,, 1., : ;, ;,,; 2.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,:1.,, :,,,, 23,, 2.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 0 2 ( ) 5
31 ,,,,,,,, :,,, :,,,, :,,,: :,,,,,,, :,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,, 0, 2 6
32 2,,,,: :,,,, ;,, 1. (1), (2) (3), (4), (5), 2.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 0 2 7
33 ,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1. ( ) ( ) ( ) 獉獉獉 ( ) ( ) ( ) 獉獉獉 2. ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,, A. B. 0 C. D ( )
34 2 A. C. B. D., 4~6 1 2,,,,:,,,:,, 3,, 4, : :,, 5,,, 6,,,, 7,:,,,,,,,, 獉獉,:, 獉獉 8,,,,, 0 ;, 2,9
35 0 3 0,,,,,,, :,, :,,,,:,,,:,,,, 9,,,,,,,,, 10,,,, (,) 4.7,, 獉獉獉獉 5.8,,, ,;,;, 8.,,,
36 3 3 / /, / / (, ) / /, / (, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉,) :,,,, (1923~ ),, 20 40, 1983~1984,,,,,,,,,, 0 3 1
37 1,,, :,60 : :,, [,, ;,,, ], [, ] (1),, 3,, 0,, 3 2 1,, () 2,, 2,,,, (2),,,:,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 3,,
38 ,,, : (3) :,:,: :, :,,:,,,,, [,,, ],,,,, 4 4,,,,,,,: : : :,,,,,, [,,, ]: :,, [ (4), ],:, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 3
39 5,,, 5,,,,,, 6,,, 6,, () 7 :,,: [, ] 7, 8, 8,,,,, (7~8),,,, 9, 9 [, ], 10, 10,,,,,, (,, ), (10),, 0, 3 4, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪
40 3 瑏瑡, 11,,, 瑏瑢, (),,,,,,,,,,, [, ], 12, (12),,,:,,,,, 13, [, ], 瑏瑣,,,, (), [,,, 14,, ] (2~13),, 0 3 瑏瑤, 5 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪
41 0 3 6, :,,, [,,,,,, ] (14),, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 () () 烄 : 烅 : ( ) 烆 : : ( 犮 è 狀犵 ) ( 犳 ù) ( 狕 ō 狀犵 ) ( 犮犺 ā 狀 ) 獉獉獉獉 ( 狋犻 á 狅 ) ( 狇 ī) ( 犽狌 à) 獉獉獉 { { { {,,,~,,,~,,,,20 1.,,,
42 3, 2.,,,,, 1., :,,,,,,,,,,, 2. :,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ), 0 3 7
43 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,, 1. (1); (2), (3),, 2. 0,, 3 8,,
44 ,,,,,,,:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,20,,,,,,,, :,, : 3,,,,,,,, 0 3,,, 9
45 ,,, :,,,, 1~3,,,,,,,,, 獉 1., 2., 3. 4.,, 5~7,,,,,,,,1978,,,, 0, 4 0,:,,
46 3,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 5. 6.,, 7. 8., (1) (2) 9.,,,, 0 4 1
47 4 / //(, ) 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉 /, 獉獉獉獉獉獉 /, /, 獉獉獉獉 /, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉 / /,(,, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉 ) // 獉獉獉獉,/ /, 獉獉 //,/ (, ) 獉獉獉獉獉獉 (1881~1942),,,,,,1920,, 0, 4 2
48 4 1,,,,,,,,,, [,,, ] 2,,,,,,,,,,, [,, ],,,,,,,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 1,, (1) 2,,, (2), 0 4 3
49 3, :,,,,,,,;,,,,, [, ],,,,, 3,,,, (3) ;, 4,, 4,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,, ;, ;, 0 [ 4 4, ; 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪
50 4, ;, ],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 5,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, (5),,,, [,,,, ] 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 (4) 5, 0 4 5
51 (1~5), 6,,,,,,, [, ],,,,,, 7,,,,,,,,,,,,, X,,, : [,,,, 0 ] 4 6 8, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 () 烄 烌 烅烍 烆 烎 6,, (6) 7,,,, (7)
52 4, 8,,,,,, [,,,,, ],,,,, (8),;,,,,,,,,,,,,, [,, 19,,, 0 4 ] 7 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪
53 9,,,, [,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ] (6~9), 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 9,, () () ( 狔 ǒ 狌 ) ( 狉 á 狀 ) ( 犵 ù) ( 犱犻 ā 狅 ) 獉獉獉獉 ( 狓 ī) ( 狕 è 狀犵 ) ( 狊 ì) ( 狕犺 ū 狉 ú) 獉獉獉獉獉 ( 犵 ā 狀犵 à) ( 犮犺 ì) ( 狕犺 ò 狌 ) ( 犮 à 狀 ) 獉獉獉獉獉 ( 犵 ò 狌 ) ( 犼 ī 狀 ) ( 犺 à 狀 )(à 狀犵 ) 獉獉獉獉狊 ù 狆 í 狀犵 烄 { 犫 ǐ 狀犵 犽 é 烅狓犻 ǔ { 狇犻 à 狅 烆狓犻 ù { { { {,, ~
54 4,~,,,~,,, 1.,,,,, 2.,,,, 1., :,, ;, 2.,,, :,,,,,,,:,, 0 4, 9
55 ,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 0,, 5 0 ;
56 4,,, :,,,, :,,, 1.,,,,,,,,, ;,,,, 2.,,,,,,,, :,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,0 5,, ;,1
57 ,,,,,,,, 1. ( ) A. 獉獉獉獉 B. 獉獉獉獉 C. 獉獉獉獉 D. 獉獉獉獉 2., (1) ( ) (2) ( ) (3), ( ) (4) ( ) 3.,(20 ), 4~7 1,, :,,,,,,,, 2,,, 0, :, 5 2,
58 4 3,,,,,,,,,,, 4,,,,,,,,:,, 5,,,,,,, 4., 5.,, 6.,, 7. 8.,,,, 9.,,, 0 5 3
59 5, (, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉,),, : 獉 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉, : 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉 獉獉獉獉獉獉, 獉獉獉獉獉 : ( 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉,),, 獉獉獉獉獉獉, ( ) 獉獉獉獉獉獉 (1880~1968), 1880,,,, (AnneSulivan),,,,,,, 0 5 4,,
60 5,,,,,,,,,,, 1, [, ] ,, 2,,,,,, 4,,,,,,, [,, ] 1, 2, 3, 3,,, [, ], 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 4, 0 5 5
61 0 5 6 :, [,, ] 5, 5,,, (1~5), [ ], [ ] 6,,,,, dol,, [ dol,,, ],,,,, 7,,, (pin) (cup) (sit) (stand) (walk),, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 6, dol 7,
62 8,,, dol, dol 9,,,,,,, dol,,,,,, [, ],,, 10,, water,,,,,,, [ wa ter, water,, ] 瑏瑡, [ 12, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 5 8, dol (6~8) 9, 10, (9~10) 11, 0 5, 7
63 ,,,,,,,,, ] 瑏瑢,,,,,,,,, 瑏瑣,, (father) (mother) (sister) (teacher), [,,,,,, ],,, (1~13),, 12,, 13, (11~13) () 瑏瑤,,,,, 14,,, ; 0,, ; 5 8, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪
64 5, 15, [, ] 瑏瑥,,,, (14~15), [, ] 瑏瑦,,, 16,,,,,,, 瑏瑧,,,,,,, 瑏瑨,,,,,,,,,,,,, [ 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 17,, 18,, 0 5 9
65 19,,, ] (16~19) 瑏瑩,,,, 瑐瑠,,,,, 瑐瑡,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,, (14~21 ),,, 瑐瑢,, [ ] 瑐瑣, 20, 21,, (20~21) () 22,,, 23,,, 0,, 6, 0 [, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪
66 5, ],,, 瑐瑤,,, 24,,,,,,,,,, (22~24) 瑐瑥,,,, 25~27,,,, 瑐瑦 瑐瑧, : 28~33, 瑐瑨,,,,, 瑐瑩,, (25~33) : 瑑瑠 瑑瑡 瑑瑢, 瑑瑣,,,,,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 0 6 1
67 0 6 2 瑑瑤, 34,,,,,,, 35,,, 瑑瑥,, 36, 瑑瑦,,,,,, 瑑瑧 : 瑑瑨, :,,,,,, 瑑瑩, [,,,,, ] (22~39 ),, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪, 38, 39, (34~39) () ()
68 5 ( 狆 ì) ( 狔 ǎ 狀 ) ( 狇 ī) ( 狇 ì) 獉獉獉獉 ( 犮狌 ō 狀犻 ǎ 狀 ) ( 狕犺狌 ó) (á 狅 ) ( 犮犺 à) 獉獉獉獉獉 ( 狊狌 ō) ( 犮 ù) ( 犿 í 狀犵狓犻 á) 獉獉獉獉 { { { {,~,,,~, ~,,,,,,,, 1.,,,,,, 2.,,,,,,,,, 0 6 3
69 1. : :(1) ;(2) ;(3) 2. ::(1) ;(2) :,, :,,,,,,,,,,: :,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 0, 6 4,,,
70 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :, :,,,,,, 5 1. :,,, :,,, 2.,,,, ;,,,,,, :, ;, 0 6 5
71 ,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1. (1),,, 0 (2),, 6 62.
72 1, 2, 3,, 4,, 3.,,,, 4~8 1, 5 2,, :,,,(),,, :,,,,, :, 3,,,,,,a 獉獉獉獉 4,,,,,,,,,,, 5,,, :,,,,,, 0 6 6,,,7
73 ,,,,:,,,b 獉獉獉獉獉 7,,,, 8, (),,,, 9,, a6b a.: b. : ,,: 5, 5, 812, (1),(2005 ), () : (2), 010., 6,,,300 8
74
75 ( ) 1.,,,,,, ;, 2.,,,,,,, 3.,,, ; 4.,,,, 0 7 0
76 6 6 /// (, ) 獉獉 // / () 獉獉, :,,, :,,,, 1925,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,, 1, [, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 1, 0 7 1
77 0 7 2,,,, ],,[,,,,, ],;, (1) [, ],, ; [, ];,,, 2,, 2, [,,,,, ],,,, ; (2),,, [, ], [ ] 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪
78 3;, 3,, [,,], (), ;, [, ] (1~3),,, 4,,,,,,,, [ ],,,,,,,,, [,,,, ] 5,, [,, ] 6,,, [,,,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 6 4, (4) 5~6,,, () 0 7 3
79 ,, ] (4~6),, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 () ( 狇 ì 狀犵 ) 獉 ( 犿 í) 獉 { ( 狋狌 ì) ( 狊犺狌 ò) ( 狔 ā 狀 ) 獉獉獉 ( 犾 ǐ 狀犾犻 è) ( 狕犺狌 ó 狕犺狌 ó) 獉獉獉獉 { {,, ~, ~,,,, ;, 1.,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,, 2.,,, 0, 7 4,
80 6 1. :,,,,,,,,,,, 2.,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 0 7, 5
81 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ) :,,,, 1. (1),, (2), (3), (4), 2.,,, 0,,,, 7 6,,,
82 ,,,,,,,,,,,,, 6,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 0 7, 7
83 1., 獉獉獉獉狋狌 ì 狔 ā 狀 狕犺狌 ó 狕犺狌 ó 2.,,,,, 3. (1) (), (2),, ( ) (3) ( ),,, 4~6,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,, 4. 5., 6. 7., 8., , :1;2 8
84 7 7 / (,) 獉獉獉獉 / 獉獉 // 獉獉 / 獉獉 / /(,) 獉獉獉獉獉 /(,) 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉 (1892~1978), ,,,,, 19421,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, [ 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 0 7 9
85 0 8 0,,, ],,,, 1( ) 1,,,,,,[ (1),,, ],[,, ] 2, 2,,,,,,,,,,, (2) [,,,,, ] 3,,, 3,,,,,,, [, ] 4,,,,,,,, [,,,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 4,
86 7 ],,,, [, ] 5,,,,, [, ],,,,,,,,,,,,,, [ ] 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 (4) 5,, 6, 6,,,,,, [, ; ],,, 7,,,,,,,, [ 7, (7), ],,,,,,,[ 0 8 1
87 0 8 2,,, ] 8,,,,,,,,, [, ] (1~8),, 9, [, ] 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 8, () 9,,,, 10,, 10,,,,, [, ],,,,,,,,,, 瑏瑡,, [ ],, [ ],, [, 11,,
88 , 12, ],, (9~12) 瑏瑢,,,,,,,,,,,, 瑏瑣,,,,,,,,,,,,[ ] (9~13), 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 7 13, () (), ( 狆 á 犻犺狌 á 犻 ) ( 犾 á 狀 ) ( 狆 ì 狀 ì) ( 犺狌 ì) 獉獉獉獉獉獉 ( 狓 ī) ( 狇 í) ( 犮犺 ě 狀犵 ) ( 狋 í 狀犵 ) 獉獉獉獉 ( 狀犻 è) ( 犫 è 狀犵 ) ( 狋 à) ( 狀 üè) 獉獉獉獉 ( 狇 í 犱 ǎ 狅 ) ( 犮犺 ó 狌犮犺 ú) ( 狋 ā 狀犵狋 à) 獉獉獉獉獉獉 { { { { ~,,~,, 0 8 3
89 , ~,,, 1.,,,, 2.,,,,, ;,,,, 3.,,, :,, : :(1) : (2) : (3) :,, (4) :, (5) : :,,,,,,,, 0,, 8 4,,
90 7,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,, :,,, 1. (1),, (2),,, 0 8 5
91 (3), 2. :1963,200,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, (), ( ),,,,,,,,,, ;,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 0,,, 8 6,,,
92 7 :,,, :,,, 1. 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉 2. (1), ( ) (2) ( ) (3) ( ) (4) ( ) 3.,,, 4~8 1,,,, 2,,,,,,, 3,,,,,,,;,, 0 4,, 8,,7
93 ,,,, 5,,, 6,,, 7,,, 4. : 5.1 2~6 6., 24 7.,5 A. B. 8.,, 9.,,,: (1) (2) (3) 10.,,,
94 8 8, 獉獉,, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉, (, 獉獉獉獉 ), 獉獉獉獉,,, 獉 (,),,, 獉獉 獉獉,,,, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉, (,) 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉 ( ) (1904~2005),, , 1927,, 1928, ( ) ( ),,, 1942,,,,,,,,, 0 8 9
95 ,,,,, [, ] 2,, [, ] (1~2),,, 3, [,,,,,,, ], [,, ] 4, [,,,,, ] (3~4), 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 1, 2,, () 3,, 4, ()
96 8 :,,, 5, 5, (),,, [,, (), ] 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 721 (5),, 1,: 2,, [,, ] (1~2), 3,, [ ] 4,,,,,,,, [ 1,, 2, () 3, 4, 0 9 1
97 ,, ] (3~4 ), 5, [ ] 6 [,,,, ] (5~6),, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 () 5, 6,, () () (é) ( 狊犺 ù 狀 ) 獉獉 ( 犮狌 ō) ( 犺 à 狅 ) 獉獉 ( 狔 ǒ 狀犵 ) 獉 { { ( 犿 ò) ( 狋 ǎ 狀犵 ) 獉獉 ( 狓狌 á 狀 ) ( 狇 ī 狀 ) 獉獉 {,~,,,~ {
98 8,,, 1.,,,, 2.,,,:,,,, ;,,,, 1.,, :, ( ); 2.,,,,, :,,,,,, 0 9 3
99 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,, :,:,,,,,,,,,,,, 0, 9 4
100 8,, :,,,,, 1. (1), (2),, (3),, (4),,, (5),, ;,,, 2. :,, 1993, 90,, ,, :,,,,,,, (),,,,,,,, :,, :,,,,, 0 9,,,5
101 ,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,;, 1., ( ) 犺 à 狅 ( ) ( 獉獉 2. ) ( ) 狊犺 ù 狀 ( ) 獉,,, 3., 4~7 1,:,,,,,, 2 A,, 3,,, ;,,B :,, ,
102 8,,, 6 C 4.A B C ( ) A. B. C. D , A,, ( 10 ) 7. (30 ) 8., ( ),, 1 2 3, A.213 B.312 C.231 D ,,, 0 9 7
103 9,,, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉, 獉獉獉獉 獉獉獉獉獉獉, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉,,, 獉獉獉, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉,; 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉,, ( 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉,,),,,,, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉,;, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉,,, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉 (, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉 ) (1868~1936),, (),,, 1892, 1906,, 0 9 8
104 9,, 1901, 1905,,,,,, 1, [,, ],, [ ;, ] 2,, [,;, ],, 3, [ ] 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 1, (1) () 2, 3, (2~3) 0 9 9
105 ,, 4~6,,,, 5,,, : 6, [,, ],,, [ ] (1~6), :,, 7,,,,, [ ] 8,,,, [,,,, ] 9,,,, [ ] 10,,,,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 (4~6) () 7~8,, (7~8) 9~11,,
106 ,[ (9~11),,, ] 瑏瑡,,,,,, [,,,,,,, ] (7~11), :,, 瑏瑢 [, ] 瑏瑣,,, [ ],,, 瑏瑤 [,, ] 瑏瑥,,, ;: 瑏瑦 [,,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 9 () 12, 13, (12~13) 14~16, () 1 0 1
107 , () ] 烄 (12~16), :, 烅 烆 ( 狇犻 è) ( 狊犺 ē 狀 ) ( 犳 ě 犻 ) 獉獉獉 ( 狑 ā 狀狔 á 狀 ) ( 犮狌 à 狀 ) ( 狔狌 ā 狀 ) 獉獉獉獉 { { { { ;, ~,, ~, 1905, 1. ; 1905,; ;, , 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪
108 9,,,,,,, 1.,, :,,, 2.,,, :,,,,,, (),,,,,,, ( ),, ( ), 3000 :1000, ,1000 3
109 ,, ; ; ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,, ;,,,,,,,, :,,, :,,,,,, 1. (1) (2) (3), (4),,,, (5),,, 2.,,,, 1,, 0 4,
110 9 :,,,,,;, ;,,,, :, ;,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,, :,, ;, ;,,,,, :,,,,,,,, 1., 獉獉 2. 犮犺 ǔ 狀 犮狌 à 狀 狔 á 狀獉, , 5
111 3.,,,, 4~7,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,, :,, 4. 5., 6.,, 1 7.,,, 0 6
112 9 8., 2009,,,, a,,b,,, (1) : (20 ) (2)a b, 9.,,, 1 0 7
113 10 ( ) / 獉 / 獉獉 // 獉獉獉獉 / //() 獉獉 /(,) 獉獉獉獉 (1883~1931),,,,, ( ),,,,,, 1 0 8
114 10 1 [, ],, ;, [ ] 2,, ;,, [, ] 3, ; [ ; ] 4, ;, (1~4),, 5,,,;,,,;,,,,, ;, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 1, (1) 2, (2) 3, 4, () 5,, 1 0 9
115 1 1 0 [,, ] (5),, 6,, ;,, 7 ; [,, ] (6~7), 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 () 6, 7, () 1,,,, [, ] 2,,, [,,, ] 3,;,,, [ ] 4, :, ;, 5,;, :, 1, (1 2) 3, 4, 5,,,
116 [ :, ] 6,,,,, 7,,, [,,,, ] (1~7), 8,, :,, [, ] (8),,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 10 6, 7,, () 8,, () : (), ( 犳 ē 犻 ) ( 犮犺 ì) 獉獉 ( 狕 à 狅 ) ( 犽狌 ì) 獉獉 ( 犮狌 ǐ 犮 à 狀 ) (á 狅 ) 獉獉獉 { { ( 犱 ǎ 狅 ) ( 狀犻 ù) 獉獉 ( 犮狌 ì) ( 犱 ì) 獉獉 { { 1 1 1
117 ,~,~ ~,,,,,,,, :,;,,,,,,,,,,, ::,,,, :,, :, ;,, : ;,, 1, 1 2
118 10,,,;,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,, : ; ; ; ; ;, ;,,;,,;, ;, ;,, ;,, :,,,, 1 1, 3
119 1. (1), (2), (3), (4), 2.,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, : 1,,,, 1 4,,,,,
120 10,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 獉獉獉獉 2. (1) : (2): 3., ( ), 4. (1), ( ) (2),, ( ), 5~8,,,,, 1 1,,:,5
121 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 5. : 6.: 7.: 8., () ,,, 10., 1 1 6
122
123 ,,,,,,,, 1. 2.,, 3.,, 4.,,, 5.,,,,,,, 1 1 8
124 11 11 / /, / / (, 獉獉獉獉 ) / /, / / 獉獉獉,, / / () 獉獉獉獉 :,,,,,, (1959~ ), (),,,,,,,,,;,,, 1,,,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 1,, 1 1 9
125 1 2 0 [ ],,,,,, [ ] (1),,, 2, [ ],,,,,,,?,,:, ;,,,,,,,,, 3,,,, [, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 () 2,,, 3,,
126 11,,,,, ] 4,, 40,, 200,,,,, 5, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, [ ] 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 4,,, 5, (3~5) 1 2 1
127 ,, [,,,,,, ],, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,, 7,,,,,, 8,, [, ],,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 6, (6) 7,,, 8,
128 9,,,,,,,, (2~9),, 10,, [,,,,,, ] 瑏瑡,,[ 11 9,,, (8~9) () 10, 11,,, ] (),,,,[ ], (),,, ( ) (10~11),,,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪, ( 狕犺 ǐ) ( 犽 ū 狀 ) 獉獉 ( 狊狌 ì) ( 狊犺狌 ò) 獉獉 ( 狓犻 á 狅 ) ( 犼 ǐ 狀犵 ) 獉獉 ( 狔 á 狅 ) 獉 1 2 3
129 { { { {,,~,,, ~,,, 1.,,,,,, 2.,,,,,, 3.,,,,, 1. : :,,,,,,,,, ;,;,,,, 2., :1, 2, 3 4, 1,
130 ,1,5234, 6,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ; 1 2,5
131 ;,,,,,,,,, ;,, :,,,,,,, 1. (1), (2), (3),,, 2.,, 67,8,,,,,,, 80%,,, 1 2 6
132 11, ;,,,, :,,: :, :,,,,:,,,,,,,,, 1. ( ) A. ( 犽 ū 狀 ) 獉獉獉獉 B. ( 狆 é 狀犵 ) ( 狀 ǐ) 獉獉獉 C. ( 犼 í) 獉獉獉 D. ( 狀 à) ( 狊狌 ǐ) 獉獉獉 2., ( ),( );( ),( ),( ), , 7
133 (1) (2),,, 4~7 1,,,,,,,, 獉獉 2,,,,, 3,,,(),,,,; 4,,,,,,,,, 5,,, 6,,,,,, 1 7, 2 8 (,)
134 11 4., ,, 8., ( ) 獉獉 A. B. C. D. 9.,,,, 1 2 9
135 12,,,,(,) 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉,, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉, 獉獉獉獉獉,;, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉,,, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉,, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉, (,, 獉獉獉獉獉 ) (1976~ ),, 1999,, :,,,,,,,;,,, 1 3 0
136 , 21980, ;16,, [,, ] 3,,,,70,, (1~3), 4,, [ ] 5, [ ] 6, 7 36,,,,, [, ] 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 1,, 2,, 3, () 4,, 5, 6, 7,, 1 3 1
137 8,4, ,,, :,,,,,, (4~8),,, 9, , [, ] 10 瑏瑡 1321,,20 20,,,, ,,,,3310,, [,,, ] 1952,,,,, 瑏瑢 30, [ 1, ] 3 2 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 8,, () 10, 11, (11) 12,
138 12,, 130,138, 400, 1 瑏瑣 13,,,, (13) ,320,5 [ ],,,, 3 5 [,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ] 瑏瑤 (9~14), 瑏瑥, 瑏瑦, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 (12) 14, : () 15~16, 1 3 3
139 瑏瑧,, 17,,,,,,, 750 瑏瑨 18, 1958, 780,420,, 66%84% [, (17~18),, ],,, , 瑏瑩 200,, 20, 瑐瑠, [ ] (19~20),, [,,,, ] 瑐瑡, 21,,,,,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 1 3 4
140 12 瑐瑢, 22,,,,,, 23~24, 瑐瑣 瑐瑤,, [, ]30 30 瑐瑥 [,, ] (15~25),, 瑐瑦 瑐瑧,50 8.8,61, 10;,, ,, [, ] 瑐瑨,, [,, ] (26~28), : 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 25, () 26, 27, 28, () () 1 3 5
141 ( 狊 è) ( 犾狌 ǒ) ( 犵 é) 獉獉獉 ( 狓 ù) ( 犫 è 狀犵 ) ( 犺 é) 獉獉獉 ( 狊犺 ì) ( 犫 ì) ( 犾 ǒ 狀犵 ) 獉獉獉狆 ō { 犫 ó 狕 ǎ 犻 { 狕 à 犻 犮犺 ù { 狓 ù 犾 ù { 犾 ò 狌 { { { ~,,,~,~,,,,,,, 1.,,,,, 2. :,,,, :,,,, 3. : 1, 3 6,,,
142 12,,, ::(1),,,, (2)130,138, 400, 1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, (, ), 400,400, 400,400, 400, :, 1 3,7
143 ,,,4000,,,,, 4000,,,,,,,, :,,,,, 1.,,,,,,,, ,,,,, ,, 5,, 2.,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,:,,,,,,,, 1 3 8
144 12,,,,,,,,,,:, : ( );63.7 ;20 ;, 23% ~ 25%,,, ( ),, : 5000,, 350 1,,,,,,,, 1.,,, 2. ( ) A. 36, B., C. D., 1 3 9
145 3.,,,,,, 4~7,,,, 獉獉獉獉,,,,,,, 50,,,1000,, 70,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :, 1,,, 4 0,
146 4.(1), ( ) A. B. C. D. (2) 5. ( ) A.,, B., C. D., 6. ( ),, 7. 8., : : : : : :, ( ) : : 12 9.,,,, 1 4 1
147 13,,, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉, (, 獉獉獉獉 ) ; ;; 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉, ;, ( 獉獉, ),, 獉獉獉獉獉獉, 獉獉,,, ( 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉, ) (1940~ ), 1962, 1967, 1981,, , :,,,,, 1 4 2
148 13 1,,,,,,,,,,,,: [ ] 2,, 3,,, 4,,, [, ] 5,,,,,,, 6 (1~6),,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 1,, 2~4,, (1~4) 5~6, () 1 4 3
149 7,, 7,,:,,, 12,,, [, ] [ ] 瑏瑡,, 3, 7, 12, 84,, 66, 6 20, 6, 12, 72, 6, , 6, 5, 12, 360,, 1512,40,36, 432, 5,2160, 15120, 90720,326592,653184,, ,3 2, ,82, 1, [ 4 4 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 8~10,, 11,, (7~11)
150 13,,, ] 瑏瑢,,,,,, 瑏瑣,,, 13,, 250, [ ] 瑏瑥,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,, [, ] 12, 瑏瑤,, 14,, [ ] 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 15,, (15) 1 4 5
151 ,,,,,,,,, 瑏瑦,,,,,[, ] 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 16, 瑏瑧,, 17, :, :,,, (17),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, [, ],,,, 1 4 6
152 瑏瑨, [,, ] 瑏瑩,,,, 250,,,,,,,,, 瑐瑠,,,,,, [, ] 瑐瑡,,,,,,,,,, 瑐瑢,,, 瑐瑣,,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 13 18,, 19, (19) 20, 21, 22,, 23, 1 4 7
153 ,, 24, 瑐瑤, 瑐瑥,, 瑐瑦 瑐瑧,,,,,,,,,,,, (7~27), 瑐瑨,,,,,, :,, [, ], :,,, (28), 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 27, () 28,,, () ()
154 13 ( 狑 ǎ 狀犵 ) ( 狇 í) 獉獉 ( 狓 ì 狀 ) ( 犼 ú) 獉獉 { {,,~, ; ( 狆 ì) 獉 ( 犱 ǔ) 獉 { ( 狕 ǎ 犻 ) 獉 ( 犼 ī) 獉 { ~,,~ : 1.:,,,,,,,, 2.:,, :,,, :,,,,,,,,, 1 4,,9
155 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,;,,,,, 1,, 5 0,
156 13,, 365, 365,,, :,,,, 11, 8,,,,,,,,,,,,,, : :,,,,,, 1. (1), (2), (3) (4), : %, 35, 1800, ( ),, :
157 , ,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,, :,,, :,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,, :,;, 1 5 2
158 13 1. ( ) ( ) ( ) 獉獉獉 ( ) ( ) ( ) 獉獉獉 2. (1), ( ) (2) ( ) (3), ( ) (4), ( ) 3. (1), (2),,,, 4.,, 5~7,, 2.5, 200,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1,,,, 7~8,,1 5,,, 3
159 ,3000,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 50,11, 14 3~5, 1%,,,,, (,) 5. 6., 7., (20) 8.,, () (1), (2),, : ; : 9.,,, 1,,, 5 4
160 14 14, 獉獉獉獉獉獉 (,) 獉獉,, 獉獉獉獉獉獉, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉 (, ) 獉獉獉獉獉獉,, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉,, 獉獉獉獉,, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉,, (, 獉獉獉獉 ),, ( 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉,) (1887~1948),,,, : 1949,,, 1 5,, 5
161 ,,, , 3, [, ] 2,,, (1~2),, ;,, ;, 200, [, ] 3 3,, [,,, ]11, (3),,,200,,, (),,, (1~3),,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 1, 2,
162 14 43, 4, 3,,, (4), [,, ],,,,, 5,,, : , 642 6,,,,,,,,, [ ],, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 5, 6, (6) 1 5 7
163 7, 7,,:,,: 8,,,,,,,,, 94,,,, 9,,, [, ],,,,,,,, 10, 5,, (4~10), 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 8, (8) 10,, () 1 5 8
164 瑏瑡 1943, 11,, [,, 12, ] 3, 瑏瑢, 3,,,,, 瑏瑣,,, 3 (11~13),,,,,, (ǎ 犻 ) ( 犼犻 ā 狀 ) ( 狓 ǐ) ( 犽狌 ī) 獉獉獉獉 ( 狊犺 ò 狌 ) ( 狆 ǔ 狔 ù) ( 犱犻 ā 狅 ) 獉獉獉獉 烄烅 烆 烄烅 烆, 烄烅 烆,,~, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 14 13,, () (),~, 1 5 9
165 ,,, : 1.,,,,,,,, 2.,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,3,,,;,,,,,,, 1, 6 0 ( )
166 14,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,, ;, ;,,,, ;,,,,,, :,,, 1. (1), ;, (2),,,, 2.,,, : 1 6,,,1
167 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,( ),,,,,,,,, :,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,, ( )( ),,,, 11., 6 2
168 14 2. (1) ( ) (2) ( ) (3) ( ) (4), ( ) 3.,,, 4~7 1, 430,2000 ;,; 2,, ,,,,, 3,,, 1, ;3500,,,,,,,, 4,,,, ( ) A., B., C., D., 1 6 3
169 5.,:( ) ( ) ( ) , 8., 10.,,,, 1 6 4
170 15 15 // /:(,,) 獉獉 /, 獉 /, 獉獉獉獉獉, 獉獉, 獉 / ( ) 獉獉 (1926~1977), ,,, 1976, () () ( ) ( ),,,, 1 6 5
171 1, 2,,,, [, ] 3, 4 5, 6 7, [ ] 8, 9 10,, 瑏瑡, : 瑏瑢, 瑏瑣,,,,, [,, ] (1~13),,,, 瑏瑤 : 瑏瑥 : 瑏瑦 [, 1 ] 6 6 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 1~2,, 3~6, (1~6) 7~12,, 13, () 14, 15~17,,
172 15 瑏瑧,, [,, ] 瑏瑨, 瑏瑩, 瑐瑠,,, [ ] 瑐瑡,,, 瑐瑢 瑐瑣 瑐瑤,,,,,, [ ],,, :,[,, ], 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 18~19, 20, (14~20) 21~23,, 24,, (24) 1 6 7
173 瑐瑥, 25,,,, (25),, 瑐瑦,,,,,,, [ ],,,,,, 瑐瑧,, : 瑐瑨,, [,,,, ] 瑐瑩,, 1,: 6 8 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 26,,, (26) 27, 28, 29~30,
174 15 瑑瑠 瑑瑡, 瑑瑢, 瑑瑣,,, [ ] 瑑瑤, 瑑瑥 瑑瑦, 瑑瑧,, 瑑瑨,, (14~38 ),,,, 瑑瑩,, 瑒瑠,, 瑒瑡,, [, ; ; 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 31~37,, (29~37) 38, () 39, 40~41, (39~41) 1 6 9
175 1 7 0 ;,,,, ] 瑒瑢,,,,,,,, [, ], 瑒瑣,, 瑒瑤,,,, [, ] 瑒瑥,,, 瑒瑦,,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 42, (42) 43, 44, 45,, 46,,
176 15 [ (43~46) ] 瑒瑧,,,,,, [,,, ], 瑒瑨, [ ] 瑒瑩,,, 瑓瑠,,,, [,, ] 瑓瑡, [,,, ] 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 47, (47) 48, 49,, 50, 51,, 1 7 1
177 (39~51),,,,, 瑓瑢,,,, 瑓瑣 [,,, ] 瑓瑤,,,,,,,,,, [, ] 瑓瑥,, 瑓瑦, [ :,,, ] (52~56),,,,,,,,,,, 1,, 7 2 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 () 52~53, 54, 55~56, () () : () : ( ) : () : ()
178 15 ( 狊犺 ě 狀 ) ( 犿 ó 狌 ) ( 犾 ǚ) ( 犿 ǎ 狅 ) 獉獉獉獉 ( 犽狌 í) ( 犽 ā 狀犵犽 ǎ 犻 ) ( 犮犺 è) ( 狓犻 ā 狅狔 á 狅 ) 獉獉獉獉獉獉 { { { {,~, ~, ~,,~,,:,,,, 1.,,, 2.,, :, 1. :,,,,,,,,,,, 1 7 3
179 2. :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ),, ;,,, 2% 5% 10 10,,, 1, 0.5, 7 4
180 ,,,,,,,,,100, 1,,, :,,, ;,,, 1. ( ),,, ; ; 2.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 15,,,,,, 1 7 5
181 ,,:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1. (1),( ) ( ), 獉獉, (2),( ), 獉 2. (1) ( ) (2) ( ) (3) ( ) 3.,,,, 1 7 6
182 15, 4~7 1,,, 2 60%, 5,12,5 590,5% 3, 獉獉,,90, :, 1990, 4,,, , , , ,, 獉獉獉獉 5,,,, 20076, 20085,, 20095,,, ( ),,, 3,5, 6,,10,, 7,,, 8,,1 7 7
183 4.,4 5.5~ ,,, :2009 ( ), 38, 22, :,,, 8., (1), A., B., : () : (2),,, :;,,; (1) : : 9., 1,,,, 7 8,
184
185 ,,, 1.,,,,, ;,,, 2.,, ; 3.,,, 4.,,,,,,,, 1 8 0
186 16 16 / //(,,) 獉獉獉 // 獉獉獉獉獉獉 / / 獉獉獉獉獉 / / 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉 // 獉獉 / / 獉獉 / / (,, 獉獉獉獉獉獉 ) (1902~1988),,, 6,,,,,,,,1,,, 8 1
187 1, [,, ] (1),, 2,,,, [, ], [,, ],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 1,,, () 2,,, ( ) : ; ;, (2)
188 16,,, 3,,,,,,, [,,,,, ], (,),,, [, ] (2~3),, 4,,,,,,, ;, [,,,,,,, ] 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 3, (3) () 4,,,,,,,,,, 1 8 3
189 1 8 4,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, (4),,, 5,,,,,,,,,, [,,,,, ],,,,,,,,,,,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 () 5,,,,,,,,,,
190 ,[, ],,,,,,,,,,,, ( ) :,, (5),,,,, ( 狀狌 ò) 獉 ( 狓 ī) 獉 { ( 狆 ì) 獉 ( 犮犺 ó 狌 ) 獉 { 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 ( 犺狌 ì) ( 犱 ū 狀 ) 獉獉 ( 犵 ū) 獉 {, ~, { () (),,,,,,, ~, 16,, 1., 1 8, 5
191 ,,, 2.,,,,,,, 3.,,,,,,, 1.,, ::,,,,,,,,,,,, 2., :,,,,,,( ),,,, ;,, 1,, 8 6,,,
192 16,,,,,,, ( ), ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1 8 7
193 ,,,,,,,, :,,, :,,, :, :, :, : :,,, ( :,, ) :,, :,,, 1,,; 8 8,,
194 16,,,,, :,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1., (1)( ), 獉 (2), 狓 ī( ),, (3),( ), 獉, (4), 犺狌 ì( ) 2., (1),,, 獉獉獉獉 (2), 獉獉獉獉 3. (1),,, (2),,,,, 1 8 9
195 , 4~7,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,55, 10,,,,,,,,,,, 獉獉 13,,, ,,,,, (,)
196 16 4., 5., : : : 6., 7.,, :, :1995, :,200 8.,,,,,,,,,, (1), [ ], : A., : B., : (2),,,, : : 9., 1 9 1
197 17 // / (,, 獉獉獉 ) / / 獉獉 // / 獉獉 / / / 獉獉獉獉獉 / / 獉獉獉獉獉 / 獉獉獉 (,) 獉獉獉獉獉 / / / / / / 獉獉 / / / (,,) 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉 (1920~1997),,,,2000,,,,,,,,,,,
198 17,,, [, ],,,,,,,,,,,,, [ 1, 1,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, [,, ],, :,,,,,,,,,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 () 1 9 3
199 ] (1),,, 2 2,,,,,,: [,,,,, ],,:,, [, (2) :,, ],,,,,,,,,,,,,,:,,,,, ;,, [, 1, 9 4, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪
200 17 ] 3,, [, ],,,,,, [, ],,,, (2~3),, 3, (3) 4, 4,,,,, (4),,,,,,,,,, [ ] 5, 5,,,,,,, 1 9 [, 5 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 ()
201 ,, 6, ] 6,,,,,,,, [,,,,, ] (4~6),,,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 () () 烌 烍 烎 ( 犿 é 犻 ) ( 狀 á 狀犵 ) ( 犿 é 犻 ) ( 狕犺 ě 狀 ) 獉獉獉獉 ( 狓犻 à 狀 ) ( 狔 ì 狀 ) ( 狕 ò 狀犵 ) ( 狑 à 狀 ) 獉獉獉獉 ( 犼 í) 獉 烄烅 烆 烄烅 烆 烄烅 烆 烄烅 烆,,~, ~,,, 1, 9 6,,
202 17,,,, 1.,,, :,,,,,, 2.,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1 9,,, 7
203 ,,, ( ),,,, :, :,,,,,, :, 1.,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ), 2.,,,,,,,,,,, 1 9, 8
204 17,, :,,,,,,,,, :,, :,,,, ;;,,,,, 1. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 獉獉獉獉 2. (1) : : (2): : 3.,,, 1 9 9
205 , 4~7, ( ),,,,, (),,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,, () 4., 5., 6. ;,, 2, 0 07.
206 17 8.,, :, 1: ,,,1 2:2008,14: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 3:, 9.,
207 18,, 獉獉獉獉 (,),,, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉,, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉,, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉,, (),,, 獉,, (, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉 ) (1910~1999),,,, 1946, ( ) :,,,,,,,, ;, ;,,,,,, 2 0 2
208 18 4,, [,, ] 120 1,,,, [,, ] ( ) (1),,,,,,,,, [ ] 2, 2,, [,, ] 3, 3,,,,,, () (1~3),, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 () 2 0 3
209 :,,,,, 6,,,,,,:,,,,, 7, :,,,, [, ] 8,,, :, [,,, ] 9, :, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 4, 5 6, 7 (5~7) ( ) 8, (8) 9,
210 18 (), ( ), : [ ] 10 [, ], ( ),,, ;,,,,,,,, (4~10),,, 瑏瑡, [,,, ], :,,:,,,,,,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 (9) 10, (10) () 11,, (11) 2 0 5
211 2 0 6 ( ) 12, ( ),,, 瑏瑢 13,, [ (13) ] ( ),,,, 14,, [,, ] () 瑏瑣,, :, () : ( ), ( ) 烄 烅 ( ), 烆 ( ) 瑏瑤,,, (11~14), ( 犾 á 犻 ) ( 狓 ū) ( 狓狌 à 狀 ) ( 犺 é) 獉獉獉獉 ( 狋 é 狀犵 ) ( 犾 ǔ) ( 狔 ò 狌 ) ( 犫 ō) 獉獉獉獉 ( 狕狌 ǒ) ( 狊犺 ú 犼犻 ē) ( 犺 ú 狀狋 ú 狀 ) 獉獉獉獉獉 { { { 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪
212 ~,, ~,,, ~,,, (1),,, (2), : 3.(),,,: :,,4,,,,,,, 18,,,,,, 2 0 7
213 ,, :, :,;,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:,,, :, :,,, ;,,;, ;,, ;, :,,,, ;, ;,,,,,, 2,,,, 0 8,,
214 :,,,, 1.,, ;, ;,,,,, ;, 2.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 18,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,, ;,,,,,,;,2 0,,, 9
215 :, :,, :,,,, :,, :,,,, 1. 犺 é( ) 狊犺 ú 犼犻 ē( )( ) 犫 í 狇 í( )( ) 2.,,, 3., 4~7,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:,, ; 2,,, 1 0,,,
216 , :,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 4.:, 5., 6. 7.,3 8. (20) 913,,, 20067,,,20044, ,, 2 1 1
217 19 (,) 獉獉 /, 獉 /, 獉 // (,) 獉獉獉獉獉 (1918~2006), 30, (),,,,,,,,,, 50,,,, :,,,,, 2 1 2
218 19 1,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, [,,, ],, 2,,,,,, :,,,,, [,, ] 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 1,, (1) 2,, (2) 2 1 3
219 3,,, (),,,,,,,,,, [,, ],, [, ] 4,, :,,,,,,, (1~4), 3, (3) 4, () 5,, [ ],, 12, 5,,11,, (5) (, ), ( ),,,,, 6, 6,,,,[ 2, 1 4 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪
220 ],,,,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 19 (6) 7,,,,,, 8,,,,, [ ; ],:,, 7, 8,, () :, (5~8), 9,, 9,, ~ 10,,,, :, 10, () [ (), ] (9~10), 烄, 烅 烆,, 2 1 5
221 2 1 6 ( 犵 ǒ 狌狇 ǐ) ( 犽 ǎ 狀 ) ( 狔 ǐ 狀 ) ( 犮犺 ó 狌 ) 獉獉獉獉獉 ( 狑 ē 犻犱 ù 狀 ) ( 犼犻 á) ( 狆 ē 犻 ) 獉獉獉獉 烄烅 烆 烄烅 烆 烄烅 烆, ~, 烄烅 烆,~,,,, ~,, 1.,, ;,,, 2. : (),, :,,,,, 1. :,
222 19,, :,,, 2. ::, ;,,,, :, ;,,,, ;,,,,,,,,, :,,, :,,,,, ( ),,,,,,,,2 1,,,,,7
223 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,, 1.,, 2.,,,,, ,, ( 1 2 ),,,, ;,,,,, 2 1 8,,
224 19,,,,,,,,,, :, :,,,,,,,,,,, 1., ( ) ( ) 犮犺 ó 狌 ( ) 獉獉 狔 ǐ 狀 ( ) 狀犻 à 狀 ɡ( ) 2. ( ) A.( : ) 獉獉 B. ( : ) 獉獉 C.,,, 獉獉獉獉, ( :, ) D.,,,, ( : 獉獉 ) 3., (1) 獉獉 (2): 獉獉獉 4., 2 1 9
225 , 5~8,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,( 狓 í 狀犵,),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ),,,,,, (1),,, (2),,, 7., 8., : : 9., 210.,, 2,300 0
226 20 20 / /, // / /, / / (, ) / /,/ / / /, / / (, ) (1942~ ),, 1960,,1974, 1978,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,, 2 2 1
227 ,,,, [, ] 2,,,, (1~2),, 3,,,,,,,, [,,, ], :,, 4,, [ ],,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 1, 2, () 3, (3) 4,
228 20, 5,,,, (4~5) 5,,,,, 6, :,,, 6, : [,, ], 7 8,,,, ;,, [, ],, [ ] 9,,,, [, ] 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 (6) 7, 8,, 9, (8~9) 2 2 3
229 , :, [, ] 瑏瑡, 瑏瑢,,,,,,, : 瑏瑣,, [,,, ] 瑏瑤,,,,, (3~14),, 1,,,,,, ;, [,, ],,,,,,,,,;,,,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 10~11,, 12, 13, 14, () : : () 1,,, (1)
230 20 [,,,,,,,, ] 2, [, ] 3,,,,,,,, [ ] 4,,,,,,;,, [,, ], 5,,, [, ],,,,, [,,, ] (1~5),, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 3, : (3) 4, : (4) 5,, () 2 2 5
231 6,, 6,, [, ],,,:, ;,,,,, ;,,, 7,,,,,,,,,,, [, ],,,, 8,,,,,,,, [,,,, ],, 9,,,,,[ 2, 2 6 ], 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 7, (6~7) 8,, 9, (8~9)
232 20 10,, 10,,,,,,,, [ ] 瑏瑡, 11,,,:, (10~11),,, [,, ;, ] 瑏瑢,,,,,,,,,, [, ],, : 瑏瑣 ( ),,, 瑏瑤,,,,, (6~14),,,,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 12~13,, (12~13) 14, () 2 2 7
233 瑏瑥,,,, (15),,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 () () ( 犱 ū 狀 ) ( 狊犺 ú) ( 狊犺 ǎ 狀犵 ) ( 犿 ě 狀犵 ) 獉獉獉獉 ( 犼犻 ù) ( 犮犺 ù) ( 犽 ō 狌 ) ( 犮犺狌 ō) 獉獉獉獉 烄烅 烆 烄烅 烆 烄烅 烆 烄烅 烆,, ~, () ~,,,, ~,,,, ( ),~,, 2, 2 8
234 20 1.,, 2.,,,,,,,,,:,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,:, ( ),,,, ( ) 2 2 9
235 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, () :,,,, 2, 3 0
236 20 1.,,,, (1826~1906),,,,,,,,,,,,,, 2.,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 2 3 1
237 ,,,,,, ;,,,,, 1. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 獉獉獉獉獉 2., ( )( ) ( )( ) ( )( ) ( )( ) ( )( ) ( )( ) ( )( ) ( )( ) 3.,, 4~7,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,, 2,,,,, 3 2,,,,
238 20,,,,,,,,, :,,,:,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,:, :,,,,,, 4., ( ) A. B. C. D. 5. ( ) A. C. B. D , :, 9.,,, 2 3 3
239
240 ( ),,,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 2 3 5
241 21 / /, / / (, ) 獉 / /, // 獉獉獉 / /, / / (, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉 ) //, / / (, 獉獉獉 ) :,,,,,,,,, (496~520),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,, ( ), 2 3 6
242 21 1, 1,,,, :,, [ ](),,,,,, :, (),, [ : : (), ] (1),,,, : : 2, (), 2,, ( 狆犻 ǎ 狅 ) [ : ;, :], ( 狋狌 ā 狀 ): :, [ : : ] () (2), 3,,,, ( ),,,,,,, : [, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 3,,,,,,,2 3 7
243 2 3 8 :(),, :,, :, : ], ; ( ), ;, :, [,, : : ] [ ], :,,,, :,, ;, ;, ( 狔狌 ā 狀 ) ( 犾 ì): [,, : :, :, ],, ;, ;, : :, [ : ] (3), 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪,,,,,,,, () () : : { : ( 狆犻 ǎ 狅 ) ( 狓狌 ā 狀犿犻 ǎ 狅 ) ( 犾 í 狀犵犾 í 狀犵 ) 獉獉獉獉獉 ( 狔 ī 狀犵狔 ī 狀犵 ) ( 狔狌 ā 狀犾 ì) ( 犾 ú 狀 ) 獉獉獉獉獉 ( 犽 ē) ( 犽狌 ī) 獉獉
244 , 獉, 獉 : : 獉, :, :, 獉 :, : 獉獉 : : 獉 ( ) { 獉, ( ) 獉 () { ( ) 獉獉 { 獉 ( ) () { 獉 () () 獉獉 1.,(,, ) 獉獉 2.,(,,,) 獉 3.,(,,, ) 獉 4., (,,, 獉獉 ) 5.,(,,,) 獉 6.,(,,, ) 獉 7.,(,, 獉, ),, 21 1.,,,, ;,,,, 2.,,,, : 2 3,, 9
245 3.,, 1. :,, ;,, :, ;,,, 2.,, :(1),,,, (2),,, :,, (3),;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ) () 1,, 2,,
246 21,,,,,,,,,, :1 : 2 : :,,, 1. :, :,,,, : :,,,, 2. (1),, (2), (3),,,,, 1.,,,,, :,, :,,, 2. :,,, 2 4 ;,,,,, 1
247 , 3.,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,, 1. ( ) A.( ) 獉 B. ( ) 獉獉 C.() 獉 D.() 獉獉 2. (1), (2), ( ) 獉 ( ) 獉 ( ) 獉獉 ( ) 獉 3.,,,, 4. (1), (2),;,,, 5~8,,,:, 2,:,, 4 2,,,,,
248 ,, :,,,, 5. ( ) A.( ) B.( ) 獉獉 C.(, ) D.( ) 獉獉 6., ( ) 獉 A. B. 獉獉 C.,,, D. 獉獉 7. (1) (2) 8., 9. (1) :, (2) : ,,,,,
249 22 /,/ (,)/, / /, / /,/ /, / /, / /,/ /, / (, ) :,,,, (365~427),, ( ), (405),41,,, , 6, 2,,,, :,,,,,,, 2 4,,, 4,,
250 22 1,,,,,, [ ] :, :, : :,,,,, ;,,, ( 犺 à 狅 ): : [, :,, ],,,, ;,;, : :, [,, :,, :, ( 狕犺 é): : ], [ ] : :, :,, ;,,,,,, : [,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 1,,, :, ; ;, ;, () 2 4 5
251 , : : : :, : ],, :, :, [, : ] (1), 2 : : ::,, ( 狇犻 á 狀 ):, [ : : () ] : :, [ ( 犮犺 ó 狌 ): ]( ),, ( 狊犺 ā 狀 ɡ): [ : (),,, ] (2), ( 狇犻 á 狀犾 ó 狌 ) ( 狊犺 ì) 獉獉獉 ( 犱 ā 狀 ) ( 犼 í) 獉獉 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 2,, ( 狕犺 é) ( 犾 ì 狀 ) ( 犺 è) 獉獉獉 ( 犮犺 ó 狌 ) ( 狊犺 ā 狀犵 ) ( 狔 à 狀 ) 獉獉獉 2 : : 4 獉獉 6
252 22 :, :, 獉 :, : 獉獉 (, ) { 獉 ( ) 獉 (, ) { () 獉獉 ( ) { 獉 (, ) 獉 (, ) { (, ) 獉獉,(, ) 獉,, 1.,,,,,,, 2. :,,,,,,,,, ::, :, :,, :,,,:,,,, ;, 2 4 ;,7
253 ,,, ( ),,,,, :,,,,,,, :,,,,, :,,,,,,, :,,,,, 1. :,,,,,, 2. (405), (41),, :,, :,,, 2 4 8,
254 22,,, (,) ( ) (,),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;, ;;, ;,,,,, 1. (1), (2), 2. (1) (2) (3) 獉獉獉獉 (4) (5) (6) 獉獉獉獉獉獉 3. (1) ( ),, (2),, 4. (1), (2),, 5~9 2 4 :, 1,,,9
255 ,,,,,, 2, : 3 :,, : : 4,,,,,, :1:, 2( 狇犻 à 狅 ): 3: 4: 5. ( ) A. (,) B.() 獉獉 C. () D. ( ) 獉獉 6. ( ) A. { 獉 B. { 獉, 獉獉 C. { 獉 D., { 獉, 獉獉 7.,,, ( ) 10., ( ) 1, 2 : 3, 4,15% 5 A B C D ,,,,,,,
256 23 23 / //, / // (,) 獉獉獉獉 / / /,(,,) 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉 / / / 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉 (768~824),,( ),,,,,,,,,,,, (795~800),,, ;,(),,,,, ;,,, ;, :,, 2 5 1
257 ,,, :,, [, :, ],,,,, : ( 狕犺 ǐ):, [ :, :, : : : :, ] (1), 2,, : : : [ :,,, ] [ ] ( 狊 ì):, :, : ( ),,,,,,,,,,,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 1,,, :, :,, () 2, :,,,, ()
258 :, : : [,, :, : : :,, ] (2), 3,,, : : [ :, :( ),,, ] (3),, 3, ;,,,,, :,, [ : ( ), :,, : () :,: ]( ),: () ( 狕犺 ǐ) ( 狆犻 á 狀 ) ( 犮 á 狅犾 ì) ( 狊 ù) ( 狊 ì) ( 狔 é) 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉 (, ) 獉 (,, ) 獉 (, ) 獉 (,, ) 獉, : : 獉 : : 獉 : : ; 2 獉 5, 3 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 23
259 獉 ( ) { () 獉 ( ) { () 獉獉 ( ) { 獉 ( ) 獉 (, ) { ( ) 獉獉烄 (, ) 獉烄 (,) 獉 烅 (, ) 烅 ( ) 獉獉烆 (, ) 烆 (, ) 獉獉 (1) ( ) 獉 ( ) 獉 (2) ( ) 獉 (3) () 獉獉 (4) (, ) 獉,,,, 1.,,,,, 2.,,,,,,,,, :,, 2,,, 5 4,,,
260 23, (),,,, ;,,,,,,,,, (,), ( ),; ( ),,,,,, ;,,,,,, :, :,,,,,,,, 1. (1) (2),, (3),, 2. (1),, 2 5 5
261 (2), (3), ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:,,,,,,,, (1) (2) (3) 獉獉獉 2., ( ) ( ), 3. (1), : (2),: (3), :, 4~6
262 23 1 2,, 3 4, 5,,,, 6, 7,,, 8, :, :1 2 : 3 :, 4: :, : 5:, 6:, 7: 8 : 4. (1) (2) 獉獉 (3) (4), 獉獉獉 5. (1), (2) 6., ( ) A. ; B. ; C., : D.,:, 7.,, :: :, ;, 8.,,,,, 2, 5 7
263 24 ( ) //, // / /, / 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉 / (, ) 獉獉 / /,/ / //, / 獉獉獉獉 / () / / / / ( 獉獉獉獉獉獉, ) (1310~1381),,, (),,,,,,, (1378),,,,,, :,,,,,,,, ( ),,,, 2 5 8
264 24 1,,,,,,,,,,,, :,, [ :, :,,,,,],, :, [ :, ],, [ ] : :, :,, :,,, [ (), ( 狊犺狌 ò):, : ],, [ ] :, :,,, [ ] : :,,,,,,,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 1,,,,,,,, ;,, ;,,,,, () 2 5 9
265 ;,,;,,,;,,,;,,, : : ( 犮犺 ì 犱狌 ō): [ : ( 狊 ì): ] (1), 2,,,,,,,,, [ ( 狇犻 è ) ( 狔 è)( 狓 ǐ):,() :, ( 犼 ū 狀 ): ],,,,,,,, : : ( 狔 ì 狀犵 ): [ : : ( 狇 ī 狀 ): ],,,, : [ : ],,,,,,,,,,, ;, ;,,, :, 2 6,, [ :, 0 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 2, :,,,,,,,, ()
266 ( 狓犻 ù):,, ( 狔 è): ( 狔 ù 狀 ): :, : ], [ ] : : :, (2), 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 () ( 狊犺狌 ò) ( 狇 ī 狀 ) ( 狔 è) ( 犮犺 ì 犱狌 ō) ( 犼 ū 狀 ) 獉獉獉獉獉 ( 狔 ì 狀犵 ) ( 狇犻 è) ( 狔 è 狓 ǐ) ( 狔 ù 狀 ) ( 狇 ǐ) 獉獉獉獉獉獉 (, ) 獉 (,) 獉 : : 獉, : : 獉 : : 獉 : : 獉 獉 () { ( ) { 獉 ( ) () 獉獉烄 () 獉 (, ) ( ) 獉 { 獉, () 烅 ( ) 獉獉 (,,) 獉烆 () 獉 (1) ( ) 獉 ( ) 獉 () 獉獉獉獉
267 (2) ( ) 獉 ( ) 獉,, 1.,,,,,,,,,, 2.,,,,, :, ;,,,,, 1. : : 1,, 2, 3,, 4 2. :,,,,,, (, ),,,,, 2,, 6 2,,,,
268 24,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,, ( ) :,, : : : :, ;, ;,, : ::, ;, ;,, 1.,,,:,, :,, ;,,,:,, 2. (1), (2), (3) (4), 2 6,,3
269 , ;,, : ( ),; ;,,,,,,,,,, 2009,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,, 1. (1), 獉 (2),, 獉獉 (3), 獉獉 (4),, 獉獉 22.,, 6 4,
270 , 3. (1),, (2),, (3),, 4~6,,,,,, 獉,,:,,,, 獉獉,,, : 獉, : :, 4. (1)( ) (2)( ) (3)( ) (4)( ) 5. (1), (2) 6.,, 7.,,, ; 24, ;, 8. ( ),,,,, 2 6 5
271 25 / //, / // ( 獉獉獉獉,) / / /, / // ( 獉獉獉獉獉獉, ) (772~842), ( ),() (805),,,,,,,, (803~852), ( ),,,, (1236~1283),,,, (), (1037~1101),,,,,,,, 2 6,,, 6
272 25 (1270~1329),,,,, 8,,, (826),,,,,,, (842~844),,,,, (1278),,,,,,,, (1076), ( ),,,,,,,,,,,( ),,,,,, : [ : 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪,, 2 6 7
273 22,,23 ],,,, : [,,, :,,,,],,,,,,,, :, [ :, ],,,,, (),,,,, :, [, : : : ],,,, : [,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪
274 :,,, :,, (), ] (),,,, :, 21,, :, : ; [, : :, (1275), ],,,,,, ;, [ : 20, ],,,,,,,,;,,, :,, [,, : ],,,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 25
275 :,, [ :,,, ],,,,,, [ ], :, 1 : [, :,], [ ],,,, :, [ : : : : ] 2,,,, ( )(), :, [ :, ],,,, :,, [ : ] 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 () (), ( ), ( ) () : :
276 ,,,, [ ] :,,,,,, :, [, ;, : ],;, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 1~3, 4~7 8~11,, () ( 犽 ē) ( 犼 ǐ) ( 犾犻 á 狅 ) ( 狇 ǐ) ( 犮犺 ó 狌犮犺 ú) ( 狇狌 è) 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉 { { { : : 獉 : : 獉 : :, 獉,, 25,2 7, 1
277 ,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,,,,, (1),,,,, (2),,,,,,,, 2 7 2,,,
278 25,,,,,,, 1., :,,,,, ;,,,,, 2. :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ),, 2 7 3
279 :,,,, 1. (1), :, (2) :, (3), :, :, 2. (1), (2), (3),,,,,, :,,,,,,,, :, ;, ; ( ),,, ( ) ( ) ( ) 獉獉獉
280 ( ) ( ) ( ) 獉獉獉 2. (1) (2) 獉獉 (3) (4) 獉獉獉獉獉 (5) 獉獉 3. (1) :, (2) :, (3) :, (4) :,, 4~7,,,,, 4. ( ) ( ) ( ) 獉獉獉獉 5. ( ) A. B. C. 6.,, A. B. C. D. 7., ( ) ,,,, :,,,; :,,, 25 9., 2 7 5
281
282 1.,,,,, 2.,, 3.,,,,, 4.,,,,,,, 5.,,,,,,,,,,, 2 7 7
283 26 (, ) 獉, ; 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉, ; 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉 (,,) ; 獉獉獉獉,, 獉獉獉獉獉獉,,, 獉獉獉獉獉 (,) (773~819),, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,, :, ,,,,,,,,( ) 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 1,,,
284 : : ( 犺狌 á 狀 ɡ): [ :, : ],,,,, (),, :,, [ ( ] 犾犻 è):,,,,,,,, : [ ( 犮犺 í) ( 狔 ǔ), ( 犽 ā 狀 ) :,,, ],,,,,,, [ ] : ( 犮 ē 狀犮 ī): : (1),, 2,, [ ], :,, :, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪,,,,,, ( 狔 ǐ): ( 犮犺 ù), [ : ( 狓 ī): ] (2),,, 26 () 2,,, () 2 7 9
285 3,,,, :, [ : :, ], [ ] ( 犮 ī): (3), 4,,,,,,,,,, [ ] :, ( 狊狌 ì):, [ ], :, : (4), 5 :,, :,,, :, :, :, [ : ] (5), 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 3,, () 4,, () : :, () 烄 烅 烆 : ( 犺狌 á 狀犵 ) ( 犾犻 è) ( 犮犺 í) ( 狔 ǔ) ( 犽 ā 狀 ) 獉獉獉獉獉 ( 狔 ǐ) ( 犮犺 ù) ( 狓 ī) ( 狊狌 ì) 獉獉獉獉 獉 : : 獉獉 : :
286 (,) 烄獉 烅 (, ) 獉烆 (,, ) 獉, ( ) { 獉 ( ) 獉 (, ) { 獉 ( ) 獉 獉 (, ) { (, ) 獉 (,) 獉,(,, 獉獉,),(, ) 獉 (,, ) 獉獉,, 1.,, : ;, ;,, ; 2. ;,,, 3.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
287 :,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ),, 1,;,,;,,, 2,, 3,,,,, ; 4, 5, 6, ;, :1( 狑 ǎ 狀 ɡ): 2( 狀 ǎ 狀 ɡ): 3( 狕 è): 4(ɡā 狅 ): 5(ɡò 狌 ): 6( 狋 ǎ 狀 ɡ):,, :,, 2,, 8 2,
288 26 1. (1),, (2), (3),, 2.,,,, (),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,2 8,, 3
289 1. 狔 ō 狌,, 狕 à 狅, 犮犺 í,, 狔 í, 2. ( ) A.{ 獉 { B. 獉 { C. 獉 D. { 獉 獉獉獉獉 3.,, 4~6, 1,,, 2,, 3 4,,,, 5 獉獉,,,;,,,, 獉, ( ) :1 : 2 : 3:, 4 :,, 5 : 4. (1) (2) 獉獉獉 5., 6., 7.,,,,, 8., 2,,,
290 27 27 / /, / / ( ) 獉獉獉獉 / /, / / (, 獉獉獉獉獉獉 ) / /, // (, 獉獉獉獉獉 ) / /, / / (, 獉獉獉獉 ) (989~1052),, ( ),,,,, (1045),, 1046,,,,,, 1,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 1,, 2 8 5
291 2 8 6 [ :,, ( 狕犺 é): : :, ] : 1044,,,,, :, : : [ : :,, : ],,,,,,,, :, : :, [ :, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪,,,,,,, (),, :, [ : ] : : :, [ :,, ] 2,, (1), 2, :,,, [,,,,, ;, : ] (),,,,, ;, ;(),, : : : [ ( 犺狌 ī): : : ], :,,,, [ :, ], :,, [ : ] ( ),, ( )
292 : ] (2), 3,,,,,, ;,,, ;, ; ;,,;, :,, [ ( 狔 í 狀 ): :( ) ( 犺 á 狅 ): : : : ( 狇犻 á 狀 ɡ): ( 犼 í): : : ( 犿 í 狀 ɡ 犿 í 狀 ɡ): :, :, ], 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪, ( ),,,,,,, :, :, [ :, : : ( 犮犺 á 狀 ): : : ] 4,,,,, ;,,,;, ;,,, :,, [ : : : : : : :,, 27 3,,, (3) 4, (4) 2 8 7
293 2 8 8 : ( 狕犺 ǐ): ( 狋 ī 狀 ɡ): :],,,,(),,,,, :,, [ : : :, : : ],,, ( ),,, : ( 狔 í): :, [ : ( 狓犻 é): : () : ] (3~4), 烄,, 烅, 烆 (2~4),, 烄 烅烆 5,, :, ( ), [, :, : : :, :, :, (, ) ] ( )( ),, ; ; ;,, ( ), 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 5,,,,
294 27 : :, [,,,,, :,, ], ( ),, [ ] :, :, :, : :,:, ( ), [ :, :, ] 6 () (5~6):, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 () () ( ) ( ) ( 狕犺 é) ( 狊犺 ā 狀犵 ) ( 犿 í 狀犵 ) ( 狋 ī 狀犵 ) ( 犺 à 狅 ) 獉獉獉獉獉 ( 狓犻 é) ( 狔 í 狀 ) ( 狕犺 ǐ) ( 狇犻 á 狀犵 ) 獉獉獉獉,(,,) 獉 (, ) 獉, 獉 : : 獉獉 : : 獉獉 : : 獉獉 : : 2 8 9
295 { 獉 () ( ) 獉 ( ) { ( ) 獉獉 { 獉 () ( ) ( ) { 獉 ( ) 獉獉 ( ) { 獉 ( ) 獉 ( ) { ( ) 獉獉 (1), (, 獉獉 ) (2) (,,,, ) 獉,,,, 1.,,,,,, ; ;,,,;,, 2.,,,,,,,,, ::,,, 2,,,,, 9 0,,,
296 27,,,,,,:,,, :,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,, ( ),,,, :,,,,,,, 1. (1),,;,, (2), ;, 2.,,,, 2 9,,,, 1
297 :,,,,,,,, ( ) :,,,,: :,,,,,,,,,, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,, :,,,,,, :,,,,, ( ) A. ( 狕犺 é) 獉 B. ( 犺 à 狅 ) 獉 ( 狔 í 狀 ) 獉 ( 犳 ē 犻 ) 獉 ( 犺狌 ī) 獉 ( 狕犺 ǐ 狋 ī 狀犵 ) 獉獉
298 C. ( 狊 ā 狅 ) ( 狇犻 á 狀 ) ( 犿 ǐ 狀犵 ) 獉獉獉 D. ( 犺 á 狅 ) ( 犼 í) ( 狔 í) 獉獉獉 2.,,,,, ( ),, 3. ( ) A. 獉獉 B. 獉獉 C. 獉獉 D. 獉獉 4. (1),,, (2),, 5~8 27 1,, 2,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,, 3,,,,,, 2 獉 9, 3
299 ,,,,, 4,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,, ;,,,,, 5,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,, 8.,, 9.,,,,, 10.,,,,,
300 28 28 /, /, / / / 獉獉獉獉獉獉 /, / / (,) 獉獉獉獉 /, /, / / ( 獉獉獉獉獉,) / /, / / ( 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉,,) (1007~1072),,,, ( ),,,,,,, ;,,, (1045),,,,,,,,, 2 9 5
301 [ ] 1 : ( 犮犺 ú):, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 1,,,, 1,,,, :, :,, [ ( 犺 è):, :,, :, ],,,, ( ),, :, :,, [ :, :,,, ],,, :,, [ : : () : ] :, [ : ],,,,,, :, ( 狕犺 é):, [ :, ],, ( ) :,, [ : ] 2,, 9 6
302 [ ] :, : :,, (1), 2,,,,,,,(), :, :, [ : : : :, ( 犿 í 狀 ɡ): ( 犺狌 ì): : ] (),,,,,,,,,,( ) () : : :, :, [ :, : ],,, :,, [ : ] (2), 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 28 2,,,,,, 3, 3,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :, : [( 狔 ǔ 犾 ǚ) :,,,,,],,,,, 2,,, 9 7
303 2 9 8, : :,, [ : ( 犾犻 è): ( 狔 á 狅 ):, ( 狊 ù): :,, : ], ( ),,,, (),,,, ( 犺 ā 狀 ):, [ : : :,, : : :, : ],,, :, [ :, ] 4, (3 ),,, 4,,,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 :,, :,, [ : ],, ( 狔 ì): :, [, ],,, ;,,;, (), :, : [,,, : :, ;
304 28,, ], [ ], :,, : [ ] :, (4), 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 () () ( 犮犺 ú) ( 犺 è) ( 犾 á 狀犵狔 á) ( 犿 í 狀犵 ) ( 狔 ǔ 犾 ǚ) 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉 ( 狓犻 é) ( 狔 á 狅 ) ( 狊 ù) ( 犵 ō 狀犵犮犺 ó 狌 ) 獉獉獉獉獉 獉 : :,, (, ) 烄獉 烅 ( ) 獉烆,( ) 獉 ( ) 烄獉 烅 (, ) 獉烆 (, ) 獉獉 (,) { 獉 ( ) 獉 (, ) { (,) 獉獉, (,) { 獉獉 (, ) 獉獉 { 獉 () ( ) 獉 (1) () 獉 (2) ( ) ( ) 獉獉 ( ) 獉 () 獉 2 9 9
305 ,, 1., 4,1,,,, 2., 2,,,,,, 3.,,,,,,,,,,, 1.: :,,,,,,,,,;,,, 2. :(1) : ; ;,, ;,, (2), (3),,, 3,, 0 0
306 28 :,,, ;, ;, ;, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,, ,,, 1
307 ,, :,,,,,,,,,,,:,,,,,,,,, 2.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;, ;,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 1. 3 ( 犺 è) ( 犮犺 á 狀犮犺 á 狀 ) ( 狕犺 é) 0 2 ( 狔 ǔ 犾 ǚ) ( 狔 á 狅 ) ( 狊 ù) ( 犵 ō 狀犵犮犺 ó 狌 )
308 ( 狔 ì) ( 犿 í 狀犵 ) 2. ( ) A., 獉獉 B., 獉獉 C.,, 獉獉 D., 獉獉 3. (1), (2),,, 4~7,,,, 獉, ;, ;,,,,,,,,,,,, 獉,,, 獉, 獉,, ( ) 4. ( ) ( ) 獉獉 ( ) ( ) 獉獉 5., 6., ;, 7., 8. ( ) A.614, B., 28 C., D., 9.,,, 3 0,,300 3
309 29 (,) 獉獉獉, ( 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉 ), 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉 獉獉獉獉獉,, 獉獉獉獉獉,; 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉,;,, 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉, (, ) 獉獉獉 (1568~1610),,,( ),,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,, 3 0 4
310 29 1,, 1,,, ( 狔 ā 狀 ): : :,, [( 狕犺 ā 狅 ):,,,, : ],, : :, [ : : ],,, ( ) [ ] : :, : : ( 狕犺 é): : (1 ), 2, ( ),, ( 狀犻 à 狀 ) :, [ : : : : : ],,,,,,() :, [ :, : : : : : ],,,,,,,,, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 () 2,,,,, ;, 3 0 5
311 :, : [ : : :, : : : :,,,, : : ],,,,,,,,, 馰 : [ : : : : ( 狇犻 à 狀 ): :, 馰( 犺狌 ì): :, : ],,, :,, [ :, ( 犾犻 è): :],,,,,,,,,, : :, [, :,,, ( 犾 é 犻 ):,, :, : ( 犼犻 ǎ 狀 ):,,,, ],, : :,, [ ( 犼犻 ā): :,, () :],,,,, ( 狆 ù): ( 狓犻 ā):, [ : : ] 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪
312 29,, [ ] : : : : : (2),, 3,,,,,,,, ( 犺狌 ī): [ : : ] (3),, 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 () () () () ( 犾 ì) ( 狀犻 à 狀 ) ( 犺 ú) ( 狇犻 à 狀 ) 獉獉獉獉馰 ( 犺狌 ì) ( 犼 ì 犺狌 á 狀 ) ( 犾犻 è) ( 犿 í 狀犵 ) 獉獉獉獉獉 ( 犾 é 犻 ) ( 犼犻 ǎ 狀 ) ( 狓犻 ā) ( 犺狌 ī) 獉獉獉獉,(,,, ) 獉 獉獉 :, :,, 獉獉 : :, { 獉 ( ) ( ) 獉 ( ) { 獉 ( ) { 獉 ( ) () 獉獉 3 0 (1) 7
313 (,, ) 獉 (,, ) 獉 (,,, ) 獉 (2) (,) 獉 (3) (:, ;:, ) 獉獉,,, 1.,, :,,,;,;,,;,,, 2.,,,; ; ; 1. : ::;: ;: ; : 2. : :,,,, 25,,,,,,,,,, 3,,,, 0 8
314 29 ;;,, :;;,,,,,,,,,,,,, : ;,,,, ( ),,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,,,, 1. (1),, (2),, (3),,
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