B53A B4 ( B ) Vol.53 No.4 2014B7C JournalofXiamenUniversity (NaturalScience) Jul.2014 doi:10.6043/j.issn.0438 0479.2014.04.028 34 3< 5, 6 犚犖犃 / 犇犖犃 J*!,, 2 (WX @ ) @T, DY@ 2., WX 361102) MN: \Z \ 23 4( 犃狆狅狊狋犻犮犺狅狆狌狊犼犪狆狅狀犻犮狌狊 Selenka)(5 ( D 9,1 \ 2 3 4 ` A a 6`78 RNA/DNA(\ R/D)75.,23 W 8 5 (0.7 /d) 16 AG 26, 26 5 ; W 16! 7. a 4`Aa 1,S 46`7758 6 " %`a, R/D 75. _ O,23 4`Aa6`7 AX9, 23,23 6 `775 E.23 46 " %`a, R/D 75 N+ G 9,,23 R/D 75 E.! 23*+, 4 6 $.?,R/D 7 5 : 8 0 E Z 2 3 4 ( 5 ^.1 \ 4 1, E2" 4 (3 D. O : 4;23;(5;6`7;RNA/DNA(R/D)75 @ : S917.4 %5 PQ: A %R : 0438 0479 (2014)04 0598 06 4( 犃狆狅狊狋犻犮犺狅狆狌狊犼犪狆狅狀犻犮狌狊 Selenka), 4, ] E 35~44 N, [1 2]. W ;*25 K, 4 23(aestiva tion)e [3 4].2 3, 4 8 +,` Aa, 5? + F [5 6].2 3 4 (,.],31 23 4 2" 2 PG [4,7].$ E23 K 5 4 C, 4 ` A a X 9, # I 30%~40%,$. \ 4(58 a F [8].(1 23 4(D3 E\ 23Y, 42" F D. ( 5 * A ( ^ + [9 10]. Bulow [11] 1 : A ^ * +,,mrna trna.]),, A ^ [ K,RNA G[ K., RNA G [ ) ( 5 [ " [ 8 [ ' [12 13],: DNA ( A,` a STU :2013 12 19 VWX:, Y@ (2013M541862); ^ E B (2011J06017) C :dongyw@xmu.edu.cn, @ [14]. (,RNA/DNA(\ R/D)75 Z A ^ W.20 70B 8`, H0 R/D 75` (5, : 8 / ( 5 E 7 b c [15 18]. O [19] * 7 1 N $ ( 犆狔狆狉犻狀狌狊犮犪狉狆犻狅 ) %, R/D 7 5 & ' ) E X3, R/D 7 5 : 8 G ` E 7. + 1, [ \ _ [20].(,Kobari [21] R/D 7 5 : 8 / 3 E \ 3 4 ( D.$ ER/D75 > ^ 4 1 #. (, * S 423 * +, 6 ` 7 8 6 " % ` a, R/D 759,1 2 3 4 R/D 7 5 ) (DE7. 1 =FL 1 1 4 c ^ Z., `Aa (50.43±0.11)g. 4 16. E,? 14 L 10D.W c W, W 1/2, W 1 [ 30. W W >,> b W
B4 / * :23 4(5 6`78 RNA/DNA 7591 599 ^W3\ [9*. 4:00pm c 4, ^ (A a ) : (22.9±0.2)% & (2.1±0.1)% W (34.7±0.6)%,` W a (9.0±0.1)%, 5(10.6±0.0)kJ/g. 1 2 FL 1 2 1 * ] 23, 49d.23 W 8 5 (0.7 /d) [ 16 G 26,W 26! 5. 16! 7. 1 2 2 < 4 6 ()*,(5 J :450 mm 250mm 350mm), 23, 3 *,* 3. 4 ` A a (50.72 ±1.05)g, 2 3 3 ( 狆 > 0.05). *+,, 7 4 ` A a, 49d. R, 4K`Aa. `AaK, 4 24h&', 0 (+,`NW 0 MP 120 `Aa a. 4^ (5I(SGR) 8X 86 [22] : SGR=ln( 犠 2/ 犠 1)/ 犇 100%,,, 犠 2 犠 1 NO 4K`Aa(g) `Aa(g); 犇 K (d). 1 2 3 5, 4 10 ( ) *, (5 J : 450mm 250mm 350mm), 23, 5 *,*10. 0,7,14,21,28,35,42 49d*Y 1 1 4, 6 " % `a, a!e H,, S. 6 " % `a ak, 0 N W, 0 MP 120 a. 6` 7 (viserosomaticindex,vi)- 8 X 86: VI=100% 犠 i/ 犠,,, 犠 i 6Aa(g); 犠 4`Aa(g). 1 2 4 犚 / 犇 J ` 0!- [20] 7. a6 " % B ` a ) (0.05 mol/l Tris HCl,pH=7.4),_,11.4 ml _ ) 0.7mL 0.6 mol/l HClO 4. S 15min,4 (12000r/min)10 min(gl 20G I Y, )=Y@ ),\ '., 1.12mL0.3mol/L KOH37 W 1 h, S 30 min,4 10 min(j ).1 ',E751G??[8( ) ;1 260nm D?5,( RNA 260nm D? 5. 0 2.0 ml 0.2 mol/l HClO 4,, '., 2.2 ml 0.6 mol/l HClO 4,5 W 15 min,s 15 min,, A.1 ', 260nm D S? 5,( DNA 260nm D?5. :KS RNA DNA `a,86 R/D(Aa7)75. 1 3 8 0 SPSS13.0,J JK 4`Aa8 R/D 75 0 (one way ANOVA);J J K 6` 7 0 ` A a 9 a (analysisofcovariance); JK J 4 `Aa 6`78 R/D 75 0 狋,8 狆 <0.05/. 2 2 1 < 1 O, 4`Aa K, J K 4 ` A a ( 狆 = 0.011).23 4`Aa X9,B 49 K 4 ` A a 9 (41.34 ± 0.57)g, J K ( 狆 <0.001). B 21 2 3 4`Aa (21d: 狆 =0.012;28d: 狆 =0.004;35d: 狆 =0.002;42d: 狆 =0.001;49d: 狆 = 0.001). 2 2 5, 2, 46`77, K ( 狆 =0.279).23 4 JK 6`79 ( 狆 <0.001),: 8 ^ 2, 0~28d 4 6 ` 7 " # X 9, (2.73 ± 0.07)%9 (0.34 ± 0.04)%; 28~49d6`7! W. `Aa1 6`7 /0 (2 3 : 狆 =0.451; : 狆 =0.553). B14 23 46`775 (14d: 狆 =0.012;21d: 狆 =0.016;28d: 狆 = 0.003;35d: 狆 <0.001;42d: 狆 =0.001;49d: 狆 < 0.001).
600 WX @@ (c Y@ ) 2014B NO(1 E23,a J NOJ J1 ( 狆 <0.05)(XJ). 1 22 [ X 4`Aa9 Fig.1 Thebodyweightoftheseacucumber 犃. 犼犪狆狅狀犻犮狌狊 inthetwotreatmentsina49dtrial 2 3 犚 / 犇 J 2 3 1,7 8 9 5@ 犚 / 犇 J `a R/D 75 3(a) O. *+,, R/D 75! W, K ( 狆 =0.258).23 R/D 759 2 : [G *+,,R/D 75 G, [ R/D 75 X9, RK W, J K ( 狆 =0.001). 7,14,2128d23 R/D 75 E (7 d: 狆 =0.024;14d: 狆 =0.024;21d: 狆 =0.003;28d: 狆 =0.036). " %, R/D75 3(b) O. R/D 7 5! W, K 2 22 [ X 46`79 Fig.2 Theviserosomaticindexofseacucumbers 犃. 犼犪狆狅狀犻犮狌狊 inthetwotreatmentsina49dtrial ( 狆 =0.975).23 R/D75 G *+, G, 14~28d! W, X9, 49d W, K ( 狆 = 0.001).7,14,2128d23 R/D75 E (7d: 狆 =0.034;14d: 狆 =0.017;21d: 狆 =0.006;28 d: 狆 =0.026). 6, R/D 75 3(c) O. R/D 7 5! W, K ( 狆 =0.334).23 R/D 759 ` + G 9, K ( 狆 <0.001).7, 2128d23 R/D 75 E (7d: 狆 = 0.026;21d: 狆 =0.026;28d: 狆 =0.032). 2 3 2 34 35 8 9,7@ 犚 / 犇 J C 4 O,23 6 " %`a, R/D 7 5 ` + J9,," %9 [ 3 22 [ X 4`a(a) " %(b)8 6(c)R/D 759 Fig.3 TheR/Dratioinbodywal(a),respiratorytree(b)andintestine(c) ofseacucumbers 犃. 犼犪狆狅狀犻犮狌狊 inthetwotreatmentsina49dtrial
B4 / * :23 4(5 6`78 RNA/DNA 7591 601,`a9 [,6N+ \ 5. 1 3 R/D 7 5 (0d: 狆 = 0.148;7d: 狆 =0.086;14 d: 狆 =0.224;21 d: 狆 = 0.051;28d: 狆 =0.680;35d: 狆 =0.486;42d: 狆 = 0.812;49d: 狆 =0.806). "#., *b,(k 3, 4 cc A`!, a` Aa X9( 1). _ O, 7~28d23 46 `a " %, R/D 75 E, 21d(2 3 )28d(23E 1 ) R/D 75] E ( 狆 <0.05).Q 1 N, W 16 G 26 *+,,HSP70N W [G :, 23, HSP70N! W, P23K + X9 [4].,, J [ X,HSP70 N 3 J N, : 0~14d, (HSPs)N a G, 21~28d! W, P,N a X9 W.HSPsN W ) R/D 75 + 4 23 46 `a " % R/D 75 7 Fig.4 TheR/Dratioinintestine,bodywaland respiratorytreeofseacucumbers 犃. 犼犪狆狅狀犻犮狌狊 in aestivationgroupina49dtrial 3 $ 23 D,(! 2(!PG [23 25].23 4DE 3 E,6?, *b,`aa [4,26 27]. 4 6 7 : 8 / 2 3 [28 30]. *+,,23 4`Aa X 9( 1)., $ +, P [ A G 4. [G 26,! 1 K 4 0, ( : 8 4 \ 2 3. 23 46`7 X9, -75X9+[: 3 :B 1 0~ 14d;B2 14~21d;B3 21~49d.,B2 6`7"#X9, B3 K6`7! W.6`775X9N 46?,N [31] J 8 [32]? 9^, 2 3? * + X, 3,,,. + F,? $.,( B 2, K b. ^ Z E,( K 4 2 3 E. ( 21dK 4 23E. ) 67 J,! 275G )` a ^ 0E/W " A3.HSP70 3I 9. S,>b9 /0 [33 35]. " X,Y ` 8 ^ HSPs, ( HSPsN W R/D 753 G.$ 2*+ 5K, HSPs ^8 $ /0 ] a a,y`,! P @ 2 R [35]. 2 3! (!, c9,( A ^ 5K! W,, HSPs R/D 7 5 X9. `a " % 8 6 R/D 7 5 J ( 4), J 5 [" \] J [36].`a R/D 75 9 [,! 7 " % 6,` a \] Z 23E 4 R/D 759.23 6 R/D 75 14d 7dX 9, ( 狆 < 0.05), ] EG *+,, 46?( 3 (c)). 2:8 14d 6`7"#X9, ) 721d ( 狆 <0.05),! 6 (?Q5$., 2? * R/D 75 9 ``+. 14~21d,2 3 4 3 a, 21dK 0.! 21dK6 3,((K R/D 75 3 W. Kobari [21] * 7 W ` N, R/D75$+,, DE 3E R/D 7 5 EN `, R/D 75:8/ b c(2 23. # $+3 4 23 _ a.2 3 E W(. _N, 23
602 WX @@ (c Y@ ) 2014B 23 R/D 7 5 E,N R/D 7 5 Z 23 4 ^,$ E R/D 7 5 / b c 4 2 3 ] 1. ``!,23*+, 46 $.?,R/D 75:80`Z 23 4(5^,23 6 ` a " %, R/D 7 5 G : ) HSPs N 3. 34%5: [1] LiaoYL.TheaspidochiroteholothuriansofChinawithe rectionofanewgenus[c] ProceedingsoftheEuropean Coloquium on Echinoderms.Roterdam,Holand:A A Balkema,1980:115 120. [2] 310., : > X, [M]. :Y@,1997. [3] Yang H S,Zhou Y,Zhang T,et al.metabolic characteristicsofseacucumber 犃狆狅狊狋犻犮犺狅狆狌狊犼犪狆狅狀犻犮狌狊 (Selenka)duringaestivation[J].JournalofExperimental MarineBiologyandEcology,2006,330:505 510. [4] JiT T,Dong Y W,DongSL.Growthandphysiological responsesintheseacucumber, 犃狆狅狊狋犻犮犺狅狆狌狊犼犪狆狅狀犻犮狌狊 Selenka:aestivation and temperature[j].aquaculture, 2008,283(1/2/3/4):180 187. [5] YangH S,YuanX T,Zhou Y,etal.Efectsofbodysize andwatertemperatureonfoodconsumptionandgrowthin theseacucumber 犃狆狅狊狋犻犮犺狅狆狌狊犼犪狆狅狀犻犮狌狊 (Selenka)with specialreferencetoaestivation[j].aquacultureresearch, 2005,36:1085 1092. [6] Dong Y W,DongSL.Inducedthermotoleranceandex pressionofheatshockprotein70inseacucumber 犃狆狅狊 狋犻犮犺狅狆狌狊犼犪狆狅狀犻犮狌狊 [J].FisheryScience,2008,74:573 578. [7] YuanXT,YangH S,WangLL,etal.Efectsofaestiva tionontheenergybudgetofseacucumber 犃狆狅狊狋犻犮犺狅狆狌狊犼犪狆狅狀犻犮犪狊 (Selenka)(Echinodermata:Holothuroidea)[J]. ActaEcologicaSinca,2007,27:3155 3161. [8] ),N 1,,.4 ( 犃狆狅狊狋犻犮犺狅狆狌狊犼犪狆狅狀犻犮狌狊 SelenKa)2 3 1 Ⅰ 2 3 ( ^ 1 [J]., WY@,1996,3(2):41 48. [9] ValenteL M P,MoutouK A,Concei olec,etal.what determines growth potential and juvenile quality of farmedfishspecies[j].reviewsin Aquaculture,2013,5 (Sup.1):S168 S193. [10] CarterC G,MenteE.Proteinsynthesisincrustaceans:a reviewfocusedonfeedingandnutrition[j].centraleu ropeanjournalofbiology,2014,9:1 10. [11] BulowFJ.SeasonalvariationsinRNA/DNAratiosand inindicatorsoffeeding,reproduction,energystorage, andconditioninpopulationofbluegil, 犔犲狆狅犿犻狊犿犪犮狉狅 犮犺犻狉狌狊 Rafinesque[J].JournalofFishBiology,1981,18 (3):237 244. [12] Wagner M,DurbinE,BuckleyL.RNA DNAratiosas indicators of nutritional condition in the copepod 犆犪犾犪狀狌狊犳犻狀犿犪狉犮犺犻犮狌狊 [J].MarineEcologyProgressSe ries,1998,162:173 181. [13] WagnerN D,Hilebrand H,WackerA,etal.Nutritional indicatorsandtheirusesinecology[j].ecologyleters, 2013,16:535 544. [14] SivaramanG K,BaratA,AliS,etal.Predictionoffish growth rate and food availability in the Himalayan WaterbodiesbyestimationofRNA/DNAratios[J].IUP JournalofGenetics& Evolution,2011,4(3):15 19. [15] Grimm C,LehmannK,ClemmesenC,etal.RNA/DNA ratioisanearlyresponding,accurateperformancepa rameteringrowthexperimentsofnoblecrayfish 犃狊狋犪犮狌狊犪狊狋犪犮狌狊 (L.)[J].Aquaculture Research,2013(Article firstpublishedonline).doi:10.1111/are.12348. [16] ZehraS,KhanM A.Dietarylysinerequirementoffinger ling 犆犪狋犾犪犮犪狋犾犪 (Hamilton)basedongrowth,protein deposition,lysineretentioneficiency,rna/dna ratio andcarcasscomposition[j].fish Physiologyand Bio Chemistry,2013,39(3):503 512. [17] BuckleyL J.Relationships between RNA/DNA ratio, preydensity,and growthratein Atlaticcod ( 犌犪犱狌狊犿狅狉犺狌犪 )larvae[j].journalofthe Fisheries Board of Canada,1979,36(12):1497 1502. [18] Mercaldo Alen R,Kuropat C A,Perry D M,etal. Relationbetweennucleicacidindicesandgrowthratein fedandfastingjuvenilescup[j].northamericanjournal ofaquaculture,2014,76(1):1 8. [19] O.$ %, RNA/DNA 5 ) ( 5 [J]. W @@,1992,1(3/4):159 167. [20]!-,$8, 88. ` RNA/DNA 75 ) (5 1 [J]. @ @ :c Y @, 2006,26(5):524 528. [21] Kobari T,Mori H,Tokushige H.Nucleic acids and proteincontentinontogeneticalymigratingcopepodsin theoyashioregionasinfluencedbydevelopmentstage and depth distribution [J].Journal of Plankton Research,2013,35(1):97 104. [22],-*, H,. J W 4 ( 5 " Y` ^ [J]., W Y @,2005,12(1): 33 37. [23] AbeA S.EstivationinSouth Americanamphibiansand reptiles[j].brazilianjournalof Medicaland Biological
B4 / * :23 4(5 6`78 RNA/DNA 7591 603 Research,1995,28:1241 1247. [24] LandSC,BernierNJ.Estivation,mechanismsandcontrol of metabolic suppression[m ].Amsterdam,Holand: ElsevierScience,1995. [25] WithersPC,CooperCE.Metabolicdepression:ahistor icalperspective[j].prog MolSubcelBiol,2010,49: 1 23. [26] YangHS,ZhouY,ZhangT,etal.Metaboliccharacteris ticsofseacucumber 犃狆狅狊狋犻犮犺狅狆狌狊犼犪狆狅狀犻犮狌狊 (Selenka) duringaestivation[j].journalofexperimental Marine BiologyandEcology,2006,330(2):505 510. [27] Fangyu W,YangY H,Xiaoyu W,etal.Antioxidanten zymes in sea cucumber 犃狆狅狊狋犻犮犺狅狆狌狊犼犪狆狅狀犻犮狌狊 (Selenka)duringaestivation[J].Journalofthe Marine BiologicalAssociationoftheUnited Kingdom,2011,91 (1):209 214. [28] ChoeS.Studyofseacucumber:morphology,ecologyand propagationofseacucumber[m].tokyo,japan:kaibun doupublisher,1963. [29] N1, L,,. ( 犃狆狅狊狋犻犮犺狅狆狌狊犼犪狆狅狀犻犮狌狊 Selenka)2 3 1 I.2 3 a [J]., WY@,1996,3(2):49 57. [30] U^.4(D( @ ( T /01 [D]. :, Y@T 1,2005. [31] N,/. 4 2 3 * +, " % @ 9 [J]. W @ T @,2007,22(2): 82 85. [32] J8,,/,.4 2 3 J K F 8 6 [ a [J]. Y @,2012,12: 1 5. [33] KostenkoS,Jensen K L,Moens U.Phosphorylationof heatshockprotein40 (Hsp40/DnaJB1)by mitogen ac tivatedproteinkinase activatedproteinkinase5 (MK5/ PRAK)[J].TheInternationalJournalofBiochemistry& CelBiology,2014,47:29 37. [34] ElisRJ.Stressproteinsas molecularchaperones [M]. New York,USA:MarcelDekker,1996. [35] SomeroG N.Thermalphysiologyandverticalzonation ofintertidalanimals:optima,limits,andcostsofliving [J].Integrative and Comparative Biology,2002,42: 780 789. [36] SelvakumarS,GeraldineP.Heatshockproteininduction inthefreshwaterprawn 犕犪犮狉狅犫狉犪犮犺犻狌犿犿犪犾犮狅犾犿狊狅狀犻 : acclimation influencedvariationsintheinductiontem peraturesforhsp70[j].comparativebiochemicalphys iology,2005,140a:209 215. 犌狉狅狑狋犺, 犞犻狊犲狉狅狊狅犿犪狋犻犮犐狀犱犲狓, 犪狀犱犚犖犃 / 犇犖犃犚犪狋犻狅犻狀犃犲狊狋犻狏犪狋犻狀犵犛犲犪犆狌犮狌犿犫犲狉犃狆狅狊狋犻犮犺狅狆狌狊犼犪狆狅狀犻犮狌狊 WANG Qing lin,yushan shan,dong Yun wei (StateKeyLaboratoryofMarineEnvironmentalScience,ColegeofOcean & EarthSciences, XiamenUniversity,Xiamen361102,China) 犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋 : Inordertoinvestigatethephysiologicalchangesofseacucumber 犃狆狅狊狋犻犮犺狅狆狌狊犼犪狆狅狀犻犮狌狊 underaestivation,physiological indices,suchasgrowth,viserosomaticindex,andrna/dna (R/D)ratioofthisspecieswerestudied.Fortheaestivationgroup, watertemperaturewasincreasedgradualyfrom16to26 withintwoweeks(5 increaseeachweak),andmaintainedat26 for fiveweeks.forthecontrolgroup,thetemperaturewaskeptat16 forsevenweeks.duringtheexperimentperiod,fiveindividuals fromeachgroup weresampledevery week,andtheviserosomaticindexand R/Dratio were measured.resultsshowedthatthe growthandviserosomaticindexintheseacucumbersfromaestivationgroupdecreasedgradualyduringthewholeperiod.thevisero somaticindexbecamesignificantlylowerthanthatfromthecontrolgroupwhentheyenteredthestateofaestivation.ther/dratio ofbodywal,intestineandrespiratorytreeintheseacucumbersfromtheaestivationgroupsharedthesametrend.ther/dratioin creasedwiththetemperatureincrease,becamesignificantlyhigherthanthatfromthecontrolgroupafteraestivation,andthende creasedtotheinitiallevel.whilevaluesofanimalsfromthecontrolgroupmaintainedatarelativelylowlevel.theresultsindicatethat theintestineoftheseacucumberdegeneratesseriously,andr/dratiocanreflectthegrowthtraitsofaestivation.thisstudyenriches thebasicresearchofseacucumberandprovidessometheoreticalguidesfortheaquacultureofthisspeciesinsummer. 犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊 : seacucumber ;aestivation;growth;viserosomaticindex;rna/dna (R/D)ratio