The Chinese National Committee for Man and the Biosphere Man and the Biosphere 20105 Man and the Biosphere

!"#$!! 24 2010 5 65!!!!!"!"#!!!"#!"#!"#!!!!"#!"!!!!"!"!"!"#$%&'(!"#$!"#$% ISSN 1009-1661 CN 11-4408/Q!"!"# 82-253!"#$%&'( 399,100044) 1383 BM!"#$ 52 100864 010 68597510 bjmab@yahoo.cn!"#$%&'() 2010 10!"#$%&'(!" www.qikan.com www.bookan.com.cn 16.00 38 44!"#$%&'()*+, E!=!F MAN AND THE BIOSPHERE ( BIMONTHLY ) (Series No.65 No.5, 2010) Authorized by: Chinese Academy of Sciences Sponsored by: The Chinese National Committee for MAB Published by: Editorial Division of Man and the Biosphere Honorary editor-in chief: Xu Zhihong, Li Wenhua Science advisor: Zhao Xianying, Wang Xianpu Editor-in-chief: Wang Ding Executive deputy chief editor: Chen Xiangjun The special editor: Gao Baoyan, Zhai Xuelian, Sun Wei Editor: Qu Shang The special editor: Guo Xiaotao English translator: YUJIE Translation ISSN 1009-1661 CN 11-4408/Q Domestic distribution: Beijing Bureau for Distribution of Newspaper and Journals Subscription: All Local Post Offices in China Subscription code: 82-253 Overseas distribution: China International Book Trading Corporation P. O. Box 399, Beijing 100044, China Overseas subscription code: 1383 BM Correspondence to: Man and the Biosphere Chinese National Committee for MAB 52 Sanlihe Road, 100864 Beijing, P. R. China Tel: 86 10 83907857 E-mail: bjmab@yahoo.cn Printed by: BEIJING SHUNCHENG COLOUR PRINTING CO.,LTD All rights reserved. 58 50!"#$%&'()*+,-./0!"#$%&'()*+,-. Man and the Biosphere Programme launched by the UNESCO, is a global scientific programme related to the relationship between mankind and the environment.

The Chinese National Committee for Man and the Biosphere = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = CONTENTS 4 12 18 20 22 24 28 35 38 44 50 57 58 65 66 70!"#$!"!"#$%&'()*+,-./0 Requiem for a River: Extinctions, Climate Change and the Last of the Yangtze!"#$%&'() Influence Factor of the Yangtze Biodiversity - Sewage!"#$%&'() Influence Factor of the Yangtze Biodiversity - Dam!"#$%&'() Influence Factor of the Yangtze Biodiversity - Shipping!"#$%& Yangtze Biodiversity Change: Fish W! Baiji: Legend of the Water "Qiqi" Facilitates Real Understanding of Chinese River Dolphin!"#$%& Helpless Struggle for Protection 2006!"#$%&'()!"#$ International Joint Investigation Diary 2006 on Yangtze Freshwater Cetaceans: To Find the Last Hope!"#$%!"#$%&'()*+ Another Yangtze Crisis: Endangered Species Fall into Quick Oblivion by the Local Fishermen!"#$% Porpoise Protection needs S&T Support!"#$%& Population Genetic Management of Yangtze Finless Porpoise W=!"#! Name-Fall-Short-of-Reality Embarrassment: Only Porpoise in Baiji Reserve!"#$%& 15 Only 15 Years Left for Porpoise Rescue WWFW!"#$%&' WWF: the Yangtze River in Need of Comprehensive Basin Management!"#$%&'(!"#$% Inspiration from US River Protection: Strike a Demand Balance Du Dejun Zhou Bingsheng Liu Huanzhang Wang Kexiong Liu Huanzhang Luo Xiao Yu Jiang Cheng Peixun Wang Kexiong!! Xian Yijie, Zheng Jingsong, Hao Yujiang = Xian Yijie, Zheng Jingsong Zheng Jingsong == Xiong Wanyun, Luo Xiao Wang Ding Zhang Yifei Zhang Kejia! OMMS!"#$!"#!"!"#$%&'(!"#!" N!!!"#$%%&' PSM!"#!"#$%&'( =!"#$% = SYNOPSIS Biodiversity Conservaton:Legend of the Water Population Genetic Management of Yangtze Finless Porpoise Only 15 Years Left for Porpoise Rescue Requiem for River "#$!!"#$!!"

2004 4 4

Requiem for a river: extinctions, climate change and the last of the Yangtze 5

2007 20 50 180 4 3200 2009 2859 21 250 31% 12 3 3 80% 3 50 70% 1954 1970 6

7

8

9 25 3 12 3 2003 1992 1958 1999 1983 10

10

11 11 2009/6 12 2000 (WWF) 2001 2005 0.71

12

Influence Factor of the Yangtze Biodiversity - Sewage 13

14

Influence Factor of the Yangtze Biodiversity - Sewage 20096 15

16 20096

Influence Factor of the Yangtze Biodiversity - Sewage 1500 2004,, 70% ( ),, 1000 17

Influence Factor of the Yangtze Biodiversity - Dam 1 2 3 4 5 6 18

19

Influence Factor of the Yangtze Biodiversity - Shipping 180 20

20044 21

22

Yangtze Biodiversity Change: Fish 1000 1 2 1 3 2 3 4 23

" " 23 Baiji: Legend of the Water 24

2002 7 14 8 1986 3 31 " " 1914 17 " " 1918 2500 " "" " 25

2500 23 1016 2000 " " 1700 " " " " 0.5% 95 470 30 6 4 3 5 8 10 10 11 11 30 60 10 26

30 130 1980 400 1986 " 300 " "" " 1990 200 1993 130 1995 100 2000 20 30 2006 " " Biology Letters "2006 " " " " " " " 50 27

28 "Qiqi" Facilitates Real Understanding of Chinese River Dolphin

1978 1981 3 3 3 20 1982 1 1981 12 7 1982 4 16 1986 3 31 1986 6 14 29

19966 30

23 19801 11 100 30 1986 6 3 31

32

33

34 19889 1988 9 27 199211 20027 14 6 8 25 70

Helpless Struggle for Protection Expert Viewpoint 1978 1978 " " " " 1979 400 " " 35

PHOTO-STORY 36

1990 3 36 1978-1985 6 1987 103 PHOTO-STORY 37

2006 To Find the Last Hope 38

International Joint Investigation Diary 2006 on Yangtze Freshwater Cetaceans 2006 39

68 1700 40

1 20 1986 5 3 2 2 1 1 40 19971999 3 41

23 4, 1244 360 30 8 11 40 42

43 1 1 100 10 1 1995 1997

Another Yangtze Crisis 44

- 2008 4 6 15 27 599 22 90 94.1% 45

46

92. 7% 30 45.5%60.1% 66.2% 89.7% 26.7% 80% 2004 WWF-HSBC 599 166 10.8% 20 47

48

49 60.8% 36.7% 46 80.4% 19.6% 20 70

Porpoise Protection needs of S&T Support PHOTO-STORY 2005 7 5 1996 3 2 1 2004 2004 50

51

2005 5 7 5 PHOTO-STORY 69 5 2 5 52

Porpoise Protection needs of S&T Support 2008 2 50 4 53

54

PHOTO-STORY 20 B Porpoise Protection needs of S&T Support 1992 2002 6 2004 55

Porpoise Protection needs of S&T Support 56

Population Genetic Management of Yangtze Finless Pprpoise 2004 2004 2004 2002 6 2004 2004 2004 2004 PHOTO-STORY 57

Only Porpoise in Baiji Reserve Only Porpoise in Baiji Reserve 58

59 1996 1992 89 2006 1972 20 400

90 13 1988 70 40 90 2 6000 3 1998 60

61

3 40 2 200 20 62

63

64

Only 15 Years Left for Porpoise Rescue 15 40 : 65

WWF: WWF: the Yangtze River in Need of Comprehensive Basin Management 66

WWF 40 WWF WWF Edward Parker 67

WWF Claire Doole 6300 Edward Parker 68

WWF 69

70

Inspiration from US River Protection: Strike a Demand Balance 50 TNC 3500 45 Mark Godfrey/TNC 71

72 50 19 20 30 7 80 1775 1880 TNC

73 1899 1924 20 60 1952 1953 1956 40

NRDC 25 CNN 100 40 74 Tom Till/TNC

75 140 10 2015 2020 50% 2003 100 20

TNC 4 TNC 50 200 200 1958 1962 50 70 4 99% 1% 1978 76

Mark Godfrey/TNC 77

TNC 5 6 18 5 18 TNC 3 750 5 5 1986 78 Mark Godfrey/TNC

100 9 60 1999 450 2004 150 1989 2007 3,647 TNC 20025 50 2004 3 20083 300, 000 60 79

Erika Nortemann/TNC 250 30 80

16.00 82-253 ISSN 1009-1661 CN11-4408/Q 5