FUJIFILM SonoSite, Inc. 21919 30th Drive SE Bothell, WA 98021 +1-888-482-9449 +1-425-951-1200 +1-425-951-1201 FUJIFILM SonoSite B.V. Joop Geesinkweg 140 1114 AB Amsterdam, FUJIFILM SonoSite Australasia Pty Ltd 114 Old Pittwater Road BROOKVALE, NSW, 2100 SiteLink Edge SonoCalc SonoHD2 SonoMB Steep Needle Profiling SonoSite SonoSite FUJIFILM SonoSite, Inc. DICOM National Electrical Manufacturers Association US 8,956,296; US 8,861,822; US 8,858,436; US 8,834,372; 8,805,047; US 8,527,033; US 8,439,840; US 8,398,408; US 8,355,554; US 8,216,146; US 8,213,467; US 8,147,408; US 8,137,278; US 8,088,071; US 8,066,642; US 8, 052,606; US 7,819,807; US 7,804,970; US 7,740,586; US 7,686,766; US 7,604,596; US 7,591,786; US 7,588,541; US 7,534,211; US 7,449,640; US 7,169,108; US 6,962,566; US 6,648,826; US 6,575,908; US 6, 569,101; US 6,471,651; US 6,416,475; US 6,383,139; US 6,364,839; US 6,203,498; US 6,135,961; US 5,893,363; US5,817,024; US 5,782,769; US 5,722,412; AU:730822; AU:727381; CA 2,372,152; CA:2,371,711; CN 98108973.9; CN98106133.8; CN 97113678.5; DE 69831698.3; DE 69830539.6; DE 69730563.5; DE 602004027882.3; DE 602004023816.3; DE:60034670.6; DE 60029777.2; EP 1589878; EP 1552792; EP 1180971; EP 0875203; EP 0815793;EP 1180970; EP 0881492; ES 2229318; ES 159878; ES 1552792; ES 0881492; FR 158978; FR 1552792; FR 1180970; FR 0881492; FR 0875203; FR 0815793; GB 158978; GB 1552792; GB 1180971; GB 1180970; GB 0881492; GB 0875203; GB 0815793; IT 1589878; IT 1552792; IT 0881492; IT 0815793; JP 4696150; KR 532359; KR 528102; NO 326814; NO 326202 P20529-05 2018 03 2017 FUJIFILM SonoSite, Inc.
1 SonoSite Edge II... 1... 1... 2 2... 3... 3... 6... 7... 7... 9...10...10 USB...11...13...15...16...16...17...19 3...21...21 A B...21...22...22...23...24...25...26...26...26...28...28...28...29...29...30 OB...30 OB...31 OB...31 i
...33...34 USB...34 JPEG...35 efilm Lite...36 4...37 2D...37 M...39 CPD...40 PW CW...41...44...45...46 Steep Needle Profiling...46...48...49...49...51...56...58...61...61...62...64 ECG...66 5...69...69 2D...70 M...72...72...75...75...76...76 EMED...77...77...78...79...81...81 (Gyn)...97 OB...98 ii
MSK... 102... 103... 106... 106 TCD... 107... 107 EMED MSK... 108 6... 111... 112... 113... 113... 123... 125... 127... 129... 129 7... 133... 134... 135 8... 137... 137... 138 A... 139 B... 143... 145... 145 ECG... 145 9... 147... 148... 148... 149... 149... 152... 152... 153 iii
... 154... 155... 156... 157... 157... 159... 159... 162... 165... 170... 170... 170... 171... 171... 172 EMC... 172... 173... 173 DICOM... 174 HIPAA... 174 10 ALARA... 175 ALARA... 175... 176... 176... 176... 176 MI TI... 177... 180 MI TI... 181... 181... 182... 182... 183 In Situ... 183... 185... 186... 221... 222... 223... 225 iv
1 SonoSite Edge II SonoSite Edge II SonoSite Edge II SonoSite Edge II SonoSite Edge II SonoSite Edge II 1
FUJIFILM SonoSite +1-877-657-8118 +1-425-951-1330 +1-425-951-6700 service@sonosite.com www.sonosite.com +31 20 751 2020 +44 14 6234 1151 +33 1 8288 0702 +49 69 8088 4030 +39 02 9475 3655 +34 91 123 8451 +65 6380-5581 2 SonoSite Edge II
2 SonoSite Edge II SonoSite Edge II 134 FUJIFILM SonoSite USB USB SonoSite Edge II 3
(ECG) ECG ECG CPD Color (PUBS) in vitro (IVF) CPD (IUGR) 4
(Orb) (Oph) FDA Orb Oph 51 SonoSite Edge II 5
2-1 3 4 1 2 5 2-1 SonoSite Edge II 1 4 USB 2 5 3 2-2 1 2 3 4 2-2 SonoSite Edge II 1 3 / 2 4 ECG 6
1 2 13 3 PATIENT 4 2D ( ) M MODE M C COLOR D DOPPLER 153 1 2 7
3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 8
5 2 240V 170 1 2-2 2 3 9
FUJIFILM SonoSite 13 28 1 10
2 3 4 5 1 2 3 USB USB USB FAT-32 11
USB PC USB PC USB USB USB USB USB USB USB USB USB USB USB USB USB 2-1 USB USB 34 USB USB USB 1 USB 5 2 USB 12
1 19 2 3 18 4 NEAR FAR SELECT A SET SAVE CALC ZOOM UPDATE PROGRAM B 17 16 15 CALIPER CLIP D DOPPLER C COLOR 5 GAIN AUTO DEPTH CALC FREEZE SAVE M MODE 2D 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 2-1 1 2 Alphanumeric keys 3 Annotation keys 17 4 Gain NEAR FAR PW 13
2-1 GAIN 5 AUTO 6 ZOOM 100% 7 DEPTH UP, DEPTH DOWN 8 SET CALIPER 9 CALCS 10 Touchpad 11 FREEZE 12 SAVE 33 13 SAVE CALC CLIP 14 Imaging Modes MMODE M DOPPLER COLOR MMODE M M-line M MMODE M DOPPLER D-line DOPPLER CPD/Color CPD/ 2D 15 A & B 16 UPDATE M 17 SELECT 14
2-1 18 Forms PATIENT EXAM REVIEW REPORT EMED 19 1 2 3 4 9 10 5 6 11 7 8 2-2 1 Gen RES THI PW 2 15
2-2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ID / 10 USB 11 0.5 cm 1cm 5cm CPD SELECT 16
/ 28 / SELECT SELECT 1 10 2 3 11 4 5 6 7 8 9 2-3 1 TAB 2 CAPS LOCK 3 SHIFT 4 TEXT 5 PICTO 6 17
2-3 7 8 DELETE 9 10 11 ENTER Last First Middle Patient ID Accession Indications Procedure ID User Reading Dr. Referring Dr. Institution DICOM SiteLink AE A & B 18
2-3 1 Symbols 2 3 OK 21 CFR 801.437 FUJIFILM SonoSite FUJIFILM SonoSite FUJIFILM SonoSite FUJIFILM SonoSite 137 FUJIFILM SonoSite Aquasonic 19
FUJIFILM SonoSite 1 2 3 4 5 6 20
3 1 SETTINGS 2 Setup Pages Done Reset 1 2 9 3 1 A B A & B Key,Footswitch A & B A Key A B Key B A Print B none Footswitch (L) Footswitch (R) Save Clip Freeze Save Image Print 22 21
FUJIFILM SonoSite 1 USB USB 2 A & B Key, Footswitch A & B Administration 1996 (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, HIPAA) (European Union Data Protection Directive, 95/46/EC) HIPAA 1 Name Administrator 2 Password a FUJIFILM SonoSite 2 3 Login 22
User Login 1 2 User Login On On Off 1 Administrator 2 User List Administrator 3 User Information Password Confirm 26 Password changes 4 Save 1 Administrator 2 1 Administrator 2 New 3 User Information Name Password Confirm 26 4 User User 5 Administration Access 6 Save 23
1 Administrator 2 User List 3 User Information 4 Save 1 Administrator 2 User List 3 Delete 4 Yes 1 Administrator 2 User List 3 Password Confirm 4 Save 1 USB 2 Administrator 3 Export USB 24
4 USB Export USB 1 USB 2 Administrator 3 Import 4 USB Import USB PC 1 Administrator 2 Log Back DICOM (log.txt) USB log.txt 1 USB 2 Log Export USB 3 USB Export Microsoft Word 25
1 Event 2 Clear 3 Yes 23 1 2 User Login OK 1 2 User Login Guest 1 2 User Login Password 3 OK (A-Z) (a-z) (0-9) Annotations 56 26
56 1 Annotations Exam 2 Group A B C 3 Text Add Text Rename Delete 18 Annotations Unfreeze Keep All Text Keep Home Text Clear All Text Keep All Text 57 1 USB 2 Annotations Export USB 3 USB Export USB 1 USB 2 Annotations Import 3 USB Import 27
4 Done USB Audio, Battery Key click On Off Beep alert On Off Sleep delay Off 5 10 Power delay Off 15 30 Cardiac Calculations (TDI) 81 Cardiac Calculations TDI Walls TDI Connectivity SiteLink Image Manager DICOM SiteLink SiteLink Image Manager DICOM SonoSite DICOM 1 2 Connectivity Printer 28
Connectivity Internal Storage Capacity Alert DICOM Date and Time Date and Time Date Time 24 1 Date and Time Time Server 2 IP address IP 3 Display Information Patient Header Mode Data System Status 29
Network Status System IP address IP Location Ethernet MAC address MAC Wireless connection ) OB OB Calculations OB 98 OB 1 OB Calculations Gestational Age Growth Analysis None 2 More OB 1 USB 2 OB Calculations Export USB 3 USB Export USB OB 30
1 USB 2 OB Calculations Import 3 USB Import 4 OK OB OB Calculations OB OB OB Custom Measurements OB 98 OB OB OB OB 1 OB Custom Measurements OB New 2 Name 3 Type 4 Save OB OB 1 OB Custom Measurements OB Custom Measurements 2 Delete Last 3 Yes OB OB Custom Tables OB OB 31
GS BPD HC APTD FTA EFW HL CRL OFD TTD AC FL BPD AC EFW HC FL HC/AC OB 1 OB Calculations OB OB Custom Measurements OB Tables 2 / OB OB 1 OB Calculations OB OB Custom Measurements OB Tables 2 Gestational Age Growth Analysis 3 Measurement 32 OB
4 New 5 Author 6 7 Save 30 OB 1 OB Calculations OB OB Custom Measurements OB Tables 2 OB 3 Edit Save Delete Yes Presets Doppler Scale cm/s khz Duplex M 1/3 2D, 1/3 Trace 1/2 1/2 1/2 2D, 1/2 Trace 1/2 1/2 Full 2D, Full Trace Live Trace Peak Mean Thermal Index TIS TIB TIC OB TIB TCD TIC TIS Save Key Save 33
Image Only Image/Calcs / -3-2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 Units in/ft/lbs cm/m/kg Auto save Pat.Form System Information 135 System Information Patents USB USB Devices USB USB USB 65 USB U FAT32 1 USB Devices USB Export 2 USB Export USB SiteLink SiteLink H.264 MP4 FUJIFILM SonoSite QuickTime 7.0 DICOM DICOM DICOM 34
3 JPEG JPEG 35 JPEG SiteLink DICOM 4 SiteLink Sort By Devices 1 USB Devices USB Export 2 USB Export USB AutoExport DICOM FUJIFILM SonoSite USB Devices USB Include private tags FUJIFILM SonoSite SonoSite Edge II DICOM JPEG JPEG BMP "Physics in Medicine and Biology, Quality Assessment of DSA, Ultrasound and CT Digital Images Compressed with the JPEG Protocol," D Okkalides et al 1994 Phys Med Biol 39 1407-1421 doi: 10.1088/ 0031-9155/39/9/008 www.iop.org/ej/abstract/0031-9155/39/9/008 "Canadian Association of Radiologists, CAR Standards for Irreversible Compression in Digital Diagnostic Imaging within Radiology," Approved: June 2008. www.car.ca/files/%5clossy_compression. pdf USB 35
efilm Lite DICOM U efilm Lite efilm Lite Windows DICOM efilm Lite efilm Lite 1 U 2 U 3 efilmlite.bat efilmlite.bat efilmlite efilmlite efilmlite efilmlite PDF efilm Lite 36 USB
4 51 2D 2D 2D 1 2D 2 2D 2D 2D 4-1 2D Res Gen Pen -3, -2-1 0 +1 +2 +3 37
4-1 2D LVO LVO 2D Dual Update Update 2D Dual 2D LVO On LVO LVO Off LVO 2D LVO LVO (MI) U/R / U/L / D/L / D/R / 1 10 Guide A B C Back A B C Guide ECG Guide SonoMB (MB) MB On MB MB Off MB SonoMB SonoMB MB SonoMB SNP ECG Steep Needle Profiling 46 SNP ECG 66 ECG FUJIFILM SonoSite ECG 38
4-1 2D THI 61 THI x/x 49 M (M Mode) 2D 2D M 1 M M 2 M 2D M 37 2D M 1 M 2 44 3 M 200 ms 1 4 Slow Med Fast UPDATE M M M M 39
33 CPD (CPD) (Color) CPD Color CPD Color 1 C ROI 2D 2 CPD Color Color Color cm/s 3 ROI SELECT ROI ROI 4 CPD Color CPD Color CPD Color 4-2 CPD Color Color CPD CPD Color Color Show Hide 40
4-2 CPD Color Low Med High PRF (PRF) Low Med High PRF Low Med High ROI -15 0 +15 PW 43 PW Color x/x PW CW (PW) (CW) PW CW PW/CW CPD/Color CPD/Color ROI SELECT ROI ROI PW 41
PW CW 1 D 2 43 PW SELECT SELECT FAR 2-74 +74 1 2 D 200 ms 1 3 43 UPDATE D 33 42
PW PW 4-3 PW PW CW CW PW CW 0 +60-60 TDI TDI x/x TCD Orb TDI On TDI TDI TDI Off TDI PW -15-20 -60 0 0 +15 +20 +60 42 4-4 [PRF] cm/s khz 33 43
4-4 Live Trace Live Trace Invert (0-10) Low Med High Slow Med Fast 33 x/x 0.5 cm 1cm 5cm DEPTH UP DEPTH DOWN AUTO 44
NEAR 2D Far 2D Gain CPD Color GAIN (ROI) PW CW GAIN NEAR FAR (TGC) FREEZE GAIN 2D Color 1 ZOOM ROI 2 ROI 3 ZOOM ROI 100% 4 5 ZOOM 45
SNP Steep Needle Profiling - - Steep Needle Profiling SNP Steep Needle Profiling SonoMBe 4-1 Steep Needle Profiling 4-2 SNP 2D 4-5 SNP rc60xi/rc60xi Armored HFL38xi HFL50x HSL25x L25x L38xi/L38xi Armored 46
1 2 3 4 4-1 SNP 1 3 2 SNP 4 1 2 3 4-2 1 3 2 47
17 25 50 4-3 50 Steep Needle Profiling Steep Needle Profiling 2 1 0-50 4-3 50 1 2 SNP Steep Needle Profiling L/R Flip / 37 2D Shallow Medium Steep 48
30 Shallow 30-40 Medium 40 Steep Off (MBe) SNP Back Steep Needle Profiling SNP SNP SNP SNP Steep Needle Profiling (MB) Steep Needle Profiling Steep Needle Profiling SNP 21 A B 49
4-4 4-5 50
(Orb) Oph FDA Orb Oph Exam Exam Type 58 4-6 探头 a B M PWD CWD 其他 L25x 1, 4 1, 4 ( ) ( ) ( ) 1, 4 1, 4 1, 4 51
4-6 探头 a B M PWD CWD 其他 L38xi/ L38xi Armored 1, 4 1, 4 ( ) 1, 4 1, 4 HSL25x 1, 4 1, 4 ( ) ( ) ( ) 1, 4 1, 4 1, 4 1, 4 52
表 4-6 探头可用的成像模式和检查 续 成像模式 B M 模式 彩色 多普勒 探头 检查类型 a HFL38xi 腹部 1, 4 儿科 1, 4 小器官 ( 乳 房 甲状腺 睾丸 前列 腺) 1, 4 肌肉骨骼(传 统的) 肌肉骨 骼(浅表上) 1, 4 外周血管 1, 4 腹部 1, 4 儿科 1, 4 小器官 ( 乳 房 甲状腺 睾丸 前列 腺) 1, 4 肌肉骨骼 (传统的) 1, 4 肌肉骨骼 (浅表上) 1, 4 外周血管 1, 4 腹部 1 经阴道 1 HFL50x ICTx 探头可用的成像模式和检查 PWD CWD 其他 53
4-6 探头 a B M PWD CWD 其他 C11x 1 1 1 1 1 rc60xi / rc60xi Armored 1, 2, 4 1, 2, 4 1, 2, 4 ( ) 1, 2, 4 1, 2, 4 54
4-6 探头 a B M PWD CWD 其他 P10x 1 1 1 ( ) ( ) / 1 1 1 1, 3 1 55
4-6 探头 a B M PWD CWD 其他 rp19x / rp19x Armored 1, 2 1, 2 1, 2 ( ) / 1, 2 1, 2, 3 1, 2 TEExi 1, 3 1 2 (THI) 3 (TDI) 4 SonoMBe) 26 2D 1 TEXT 56
2 Home 57 3 DELETE Word Symbols 18 4 Label 26 TEXT 1 TEXT 2 3 Home/Set / 1 2 SELECT SELECT 3 4 57
a Hide 1 PICTO 2 x/x SELECT 3 4 SELECT 5 U/L / D/L / D/R / U/R / Hide 106 1 PATIENT 2 New/End / 58
3 59 4 Done 63 ID Connectivity Bar Code Auto Lookup 63 1 PATIENT 2 3 Cancel Done 1 61 2 PATIENT 3 New/End / Symbols 18 Last First Middle ID 59
Accession Date of birth Gender Indications User Procedure DICOM SonoSite DICOM Back Type 51 LMP Estab. DD OB Gyn OB LMP Estab. DD Gyn LMP Twins OB Twins Twin A A Twin B B Twin A A Twin B B Previous Exams OB Twin A/B A/B Twin A A Twin B B Twin A/B A/B Back Twins Back BP HR Height 33 Weight 33 BSA 60
Reading Dr. Referring Dr. Institution Department ID ID Beep Alert 28 66 29 62 SAVE SAVE SAVE 33 1 62 Clips controls 2 CLIP Prev/Off Prev/On (1x, 1/2x, 1/4x) Pause 61
Left: x x Right: x x x Save Delete 3 CLIP 1 2D Clips 2 4-7 Time ECG Time ECG PrevOn PrevOff Prev/On Prev/Off Pro Retro Pro CLIP Retro CLIP FUJIFILM SonoSite 2 USB 62
1 REVIEW 2 List Select All Clear All ID 1 2 Edit 3 OK 1 2 Append 63
1 2 Review 3 x/x 4 Play Pause 1x 1/2x 1/4x 5 x/x List Done USB USB USB USB 1 28 2 Print A A A B 33 1 28 64
2 Print Print USB 59 USB 34 USB 1 USB 2 3 Exp.USB USB USB 4 USB Include patient information on images and clips USB 5 Export USB 5 USB USB 1 34 2 U USB 3 Cancel Export 65
1 64 2 Delete SiteLink Image Manager DICOM PC DICOM SiteLink Image Manager DICOM SiteLink Image Manager 1 2 Archive 1 2 Info ECG ECG FUJIFILM SonoSite ECG ECG FUJIFILM SonoSite ECG ECG FUJIFILM SonoSite FUJIFILM SonoSite 66 ECG
ECG 1 ECG ECG ECG ECG ECG 2D ECG ECG 2 ECG ECG ECG 3 ECG 4-8 ECG / ECG ECG 0-20 ECG Slow Med Fast Line Save 61 ECG ECG / Delay ECG 67
68 ECG
5 6 M HR 76 1 CALCS 2 3 76 76 CALIPER 69
75 SELECT Switch Delete (2D) 2D 2D cm cm 2 cm 70
(2D) 2D 8 1 2D CALIPER 2 SELECT 3 69 (2D) 1 2D CALIPER 2 Ellipse Ellipse 3 SELECT 69 (2D) 1 2D CALIPER 2 Manual Manual 3 4 SELECT 5 SET 69 71
M M cm / (HR) / (bpm) 200 ms 1 M 4 1 M CALIPER 2 3 SELECT 4 69 M 1 M CALIPER 2 HR 3 SELECT 4 69 (cm/s) 72
+/x (RI) cm/s 33 (cm/s) 1 CALIPER 2 69 +/x (RI) RI ACC 1 CALIPER 2 3 SELECT 4 69 1 CALIPER 2 Time 3 SELECT 4 SELECT 1 CALIPER 2 Manual 73
3 SELECT 4 a Undo b SET 69 73 1 CALIPER 2 Auto 3 a b SELECT 4 5 SET 69 (VTI) (Vmax) (PGmean) (Vmean) (PGmax) (EDV) (CO) (PSV) (TAM) +/ / (S/D) (PI) (RI) 74
(AT) (TAP) 106 (...) 1 CALCS 2 SELECT a Next Prev (... SELECT 3 Main SELECT 4 CALCS 75
CALIPER SAVE CALC Save 61 SAVE Image/Calcs / SAVE 33 106 1 2 SELECT CALIPER 3 15 4 SAVE CALC 1 76
2 Delete 106 EMED EMED EMED EMED EMED 1 CALCS 2 EMED EMED 3 4 5 CALCS 51 77
1 2D CALCS 2 A 1 A 2 a Area Red b SELECT c i Undo d SET e 76 1 2D CALCS 2 D 1 D 2 a Dia Red b c 76 51 78
2D D 1 D 2 D 3 a 2D CALCS b i Volume Volume Gyn Volume ii iii 76 51 223 D (2D)* TAM TAP VF ml/min * 2D 2D 79
33 2D C11x 1 2 3 (mm) rc60xi P10x 2 3 5 7 10 12 (mm) HFL38xi L25x 1 3 5 6 7 8 10 12 (mm) L38xi 1 3 5 6 7 8 10 12 (mm) Allan, Paul L. et al. Clinical Doppler Ultrasound, 4th Ed., Harcourt Publishers Limited, (2000) 36-38. 1 2D a 2D CALCS b Vol Flow D c d 76 2 a CALCS b Vol Flow TAM TAP 80
c d SELECT e f SET g 76 (Crd) (Gyn) (OB) (SmP) (TCD) (Art) 58 51 81
223 5-1 EF EF LVDd 2D M LVDs 2D M EF FS LV (EF) LV LVd LVs A4Cd (2D) A4Cs (2D) A2Cd (2D) A2Cs (2D) RVW (2D) RVD (2D) IVS (2D) LVD (2D) LVPW (2D) RVW (2D) RVD (2D) IVS (2D) LVD (2D) LV LV EF CO SV CI SI CO EF SV LVESV LVEDV IVSFT LVPWFT LVDFS CI SI LV M LVPW (2D)CO CI HR HR a M HR HR 82
5-1 Ao/LA Ao 2D M Ao LA/Ao AAo (2D) LA 2D M LVOT D (2D) ACS M LVET M AAo LA LA/Ao LVOT D LVOT ACS LVET MV EF: M EF MV MR EPSS M E A PHT VTI IVRT Adur dp:dt b CW EPSS E E PG A A PG E:A PHT MVA VTI Vmax PGmax Vmean PGmean dp:dt 83
5-1 CO IVC LVOT D (2D) HR (Doppler) LVOT VTI Max D 2D M Min D 2D M LA A4C (2D) LA A2C (2D) RA (2D) CO SV CI SI VTI HR LVOT D LA LA RA RA TAPSE TAPSE M TAPSE cm MV (2D) MV LV AV (2D) Epi (2D) Endo (2D) Apical (2D) AV LV Epi Endo 84
5-1 AV AV LVOT AI Vmax VTI Vmax VTI PHT Vmax PGmax VTI Vmax PGmax Vmean PGmean Vmax PGmax VTI Vmax PGmax Vmean PGmean AI PHT AI TV TRmax Vmax PGmax E A PHT VTI RA c E E PG A A PG E:A PHT TVA VTI Vmax PGmax Vmean PGmean RVSP 85
5-1 PV Vmax Vmax PGmax PISA Qp/Qs VTI AT Ann D (2D) (Color) MR VTI MV VTI LVOT D (2D) RVOT D (2D) LVOT VTI RVOT VTI VTI Vmax PGmax Vmean PGmean AT PISA ERO MV D VTI VMax PGmax Vmean PGmean SV Qp/Qs P. Vein A VMax TDI Adur S D (Sep) e' a' (Lat) e' a' (Inf ) e' a' (Ant) e' a' VMax S/D E(MV)/e' 86
5-1 a. HR 88 (HR) M 72 M b. dp:dt 100 cm/s 300 cm/s c. 106 EF 1 2D M CALCS 2 3 69 4 76 5 LV 1 2D CALCS 2 EF... LV Vol (EF) LV (EF) 3 a b SELECT c (LV) Undo d SET e 76 LVd LVs 1 2D M CALCS 2 3 69 87
4 SELECT 5 SELECT 6 SELECT SELECT 7 76 (HR) ECG 1 CALCS HR 2 SELECT 3 76 Ao LA AAo LVOT D 1 2D M CALCS 2 3 4 76 IVC 1 2D M CALCS 2 88
3 4 76 TAPSE 1 M CALCS 2 3 4 76 MV AV 1 2D CALCS 2 Area MV AV 3 SELECT 4 a Undo 5 SET 6 76 1 2D CALCS 2 Atria 3 SELECT 4 a Undo 5 SET 6 76 89
LV 1 2D CALCS 2 LV Mass LV 3 EPI Endo a b SELECT c i Undo d SET e 76 4 Apical 5 69 6 1 CALCS 2 MV TV TDI P. Vein 3 a b c 76 90
(VTI) VTI 82 5-1 1 CALCS 2 MV AV TV PV LVOT VTI 3 SELECT 4 a Undo 5 SET 6 76 74 (RVSP) 1 CALCS 2 TV TRmax 3 1 4 76 RA 106 RA 5 RVSP MV AI TV (PHT) 1 CALCS 2 MV AV TV PHT SELECT 91
3 MV EF AV 4 76 (PISA) PISA 2D Color 1 (2D) a 2D CALCS b PISA Ann D c d 76 2 (Color) a Color CALCS b Radius c d 3 CALCS 4 MR VTI MV VTI a PISA MR VTI MV VTI b SELECT c i Undo d SET e 74 92
(IVRT) 1 CALCS MV IVRT 2 3 SELECT 4 5 76 : (dp:dt) dp:dt CW 300 cm/s 43 1 CW CALCS 2 MV dp:dt : 100 cm/s 3 100 cm/s 4 SELECT 300 cm/s 5 300 cm/s 6 76 (AVA) AVA 2D 1 2D LVOT a 2D CALCS b LVOT D c d 76 93
2 LVOT Vmax AV Vmax 90 AV Vmax Vmax VTI 91 CALCS AV VTI Qp/Qs Qp/Qs 2D 1 2D CALCS 2 LVOT D RVOT D a Qp/Qs / LVOT D RVOT D b c 76 3 CALCS 4 LVOT VTI RVOT VTI a Qp/Qs / LVOT VTI RVOT VTI b SELECT c Undo d SET e 76 74 (SV) (SI) SV SI 2D SI (BSA) 94
1 SI Height Weight BSA 58 2 LVOT (2D) a 2D CALCS b Ao/LA / LVOT D c d 76 3 LVOT 91 CALCS AV LVOT VTI 74 (CO) (CI) CO CI CI (BSA) 1 Height Weight BSA 58 2 94 (SV) (SI) SV 3 88 (HR) HR PW Angle Correction 1L/min 1L/min 95
4 LVOT (2D) a 2D CALCS b CO LVOT D c d 76 Presets Live Trace a b Trace Above Below c SELECT SET Trace d (TDI) 1 TDI 43 PW 2 CALCS 3 TDI a b c 76 96
(Gyn) (Gyn) 78 51 1 2D CALCS 2 Gyn 3 a b c 76 1 10 1 2D CALCS 2 Follicle 3 a Right Fol Left Fol b 69 4 76 97
OB EFW EDD OB EFW OB OB OB 99 OB 51 223 30 OB 31 OB 31 OB 98
5-2 a YS GS Hansmann, Nyberg, Tokyo U. CRL Hadlock, Hansmann, Osaka, Tokyo U. BPD Chitty, Hadlock, Hansmann, Osaka, Tokyo U. OFD HC TTD APTD Hansmann Chitty, Hadlock, Hansmann Hansmann, Tokyo U. b Tokyo U. b AC Hadlock, Hansmann, Tokyo U. FTA Osaka FL Chitty, Hadlock, Hansmann, Osaka, Tokyo U. HL Jeanty Jeanty TCD CM Lat V CxLen (EFW) c HC, AC, FL Hadlock 1 BPD, AC, FL Hadlock 2 AC, FL Hadlock 3 BPD, TTD Hansmann BPD, FTA, FL Osaka U. BPD, AC Shepard BPD, TTD, APTD, FL Tokyo U. 99
5-2 HC/AC Campbell FL/AC FL/BPD FL/HC Hadlock Hohler Hadlock Q 1, Q 2, Q 3, Q 4 Jeng d BPD Chitty, Hadlock, Jeanty HC Chitty, Hadlock, Jeanty AC FL EFW HC/AC Chitty, Hadlock, Jeanty Chitty, Hadlock, Jeanty Brenner, Hadlock, Jeanty Campbell a. AUA b. Toyko U APTD TTD EFW c. (Estimated Fetal Weight) EFW 30 OB Hadlock EFW 1 2 3 d. (Growth Analysis) (Report Graphs) LMP Estab. DD (2D) 2D AFI 1 OB LMP Estab.DD Twins 2 2D CALCS 100
3 a b Twin A A Twin B B c d 76 M 1 M CALCS 2 FHR 3 4 SELECT 5 6 76 MCA S/D, RI SD, RI S/D, RI, PI* SD, RI, PI Umb A S/D, RI SD, RI S/D, RI, PI* SD, RI, PI * MCA Umba PI MCA/UmbA 1 OB LMP Estab.DD 2 CALCS 101
3 a MCA UmbA b S/D, RI SELECT S/D, RI, PI SELECT SET c 76 S/D, RI S/D, RI, PI MSK d:d MSK 78 MSK 51 1 2D CALCS 2 Right Left Hip Angle Baseline 3 SET 69 Line A Line A 4 Line A 76 Line B Line B 5 Line B 102
d:d 1 2D CALCS 2 Right Left 3 d:d Ratio d:d Fem Hd 4 SELECT SET 5 69 6 76 58 51 223 103
5-3 CCA Prox s d Mid Dist Bulb s d s d s d ICA Prox s d Mid Dist s d s d ECA Prox s d Mid Dist VArty s d s d s d 5-4 CCA Prox s d Mid Dist Bulb s d s d s d 104
5-4 ICA Prox s d Mid Dist s d s d ECA Prox s d Mid Dist VArty s d s d s d ICA/CCA 1 CALCS 2 Left Right 3 a b SELECT c d 76 105
OB (###) 1 REPORT 2 1/x TCD Details Summary 3 SAVE Done 1 Details 2 Delete ICA/CCA Ratio ICA/CCA RA Summary RA 5 RA RVSP 106
TCD TAP TCD 1 Details TAP Delete Twin A/B A/B Compare 2 Delete a SELECT Delete 1 Anatomy Checklist 2 TAB BPP NST 107
LMP Estab. DD 1 Graphs Graphs / / 1/x 2 SAVE 3 Report Done EMED MSK EMED EMED EMED 1 REPORT 2 EMED 3 Worksheet x/x 108
MSK MSK 1 REPORT 2 MSK 3 Worksheet a x/x b SAVE 109
110
6 2D 10 10 10 6-1 2D a b (cm) < ±2% + 1% 0-26 cm < ±2% + 1% 0-35 cm < ±2% + 1% 0-44 cm c < ±4% + ( 2%/ ) * 100 + 0.5% 0.01-720 cm 2 d < ±3% + (1.4%/ ) * 100 + 0.5% 0.01-96 cm a. b. 0.7 db/cm MHz RMI 413a c. % = ((1 + ) * (1 + ) - 1) * 100 + 0.5% d. % =( 2 (2 ) * 100) + 0.5% 111
6-2 M M < +/- 2% + 1% a b 0-26 cm < +/-2% + 1% c d 0.01-10 < +/- 2% + ( c * /100) % d 5-923 bpm a. b. 0.7 db/cm MHz RMI 413a c. d. FUJIFILM SonoSite 6-3 PW a < +/- 2% + 1% b 0.01 cm/ - 550 cm/ sec < +/- 2% + 1% b 0.01 khz-20.8 khz < +/-2% + 1% c 0.01-10 a. FUJIFILM SonoSite b. c. 112
AIUM (ACC) cm/s 2 Zwiebel, W.J. Introduction to Vascular Ultrasonography. 4th ed., W.B. Saunders Company, (2000), 52. ACC = abs (delta velocity/delta time) (AT) msec Oh, J.K., J.B. Seward,andA.J. Tajik. The Echo Manual. 3rd Edition, Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams, and Wilkins, (2007), 147-148. a - b (AVA) cm 2 Oh, J.K., J.B. Seward, and A.J. Tajik. The Echo Manual. 3rd Edition., Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams, and Wilkins, (2007), 73, 191-195. A 2 = A 1 * V 1 /V 2 A 2 = A 1 = LVOT V 1 = LVOT V 2 = LVOT = AVA (PV LVOT /PV AO ) * CSA LVOT AVA (VTI LVOT /VTI AO ) * CSA LVOT BSA m 2 Grossman, W. Cardiac Catheterization and Angiography. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger, (1980), 90. BSA = 0.007184 * 0.425 * 0.725 113
= = (CI) l/min/m 2 Oh, J.K., J.B. Seward, and A.J. Tajik. The Echo Manual. 3rd Edition., Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams, and Wilkins, (2007), 69-70. CI = CO/BSA CO = BSA = (CO) l/min Oh, J.K., J.B. Seward, and A.J. Tajik The Echo Manual. 3rd Edition., Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams, and Wilkins, (2007), 69-70. CO = (SV * HR)/1000 CO = SV = (ml) HR = (CSA) cm 2 Oh, J. K., J. B. Seward, and A. J. Tajik. The Echo Manual. 3rd Edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, (2007), 70-71. CSA = 0.785 * D 2 D = msec Oh, J. K., J. B. Seward, and A. J. Tajik. The Echo Manual. 3rd Edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, (2007), 73-74. a - b 114
:(dp:dt) mmhg/s Otto, C.M. Textbook of Clinical Echocardiography. 2nd ed., W.B. Saunders Company, (2000), 117-118. 32 mmhg/ E:A cm/sec E:A = E/ A E/Ea Reynolds, Terry. The Echocardiographer's Pocket Reference. 2nd ed., School of Cardiac Ultrasound, Arizona Heart Institute, (2000), 225. E /Ea E = E Ea = E : E (ERO) mm 2 Oh, J.K., J.B. Seward, and A.J. Tajik. The Echo Manual. 3rd Edition, Boston: Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, (2007), 74-76. ERO = MV /MR Vel * 100 (EF) Schiller, N.B., Shah, P.M., Crawford, M.,et. al. "Recommendations for Quantitation of the Left Ventricle by Two- Dimensional Echocardiography."Journal of American Society of Echocardiography. September-October (1989), 2:36 EF = ((LVEDV - LVESV)/LVEDV) * 100% EF = LVEDV = LVESV = (ET) msec ET = 115
(HR) bpm HR = M (IVS) Laurenceau, J. L., M.C. Malergue. The Essentials of Echocardiography. Le Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, (1981), 71. IVSFT = ((IVSS - IVSD)/IVSD) * 100% IVSS = IVSD = (IVRT) msec Oh, J. K., J. B. Seward, and A. J. Tajik. The Echo Manual. 3rd Edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, (2007), 123-124. a - b IVC Lyon M, Verma N. "Ultrasound guided volume assessment using inferior vena cava diameter. "Open Emerg Med J. (2010) 3:22-24. (IVCd exp - IVCd insp)/ivcd exp (exp) = (Max D) (insp) = (Min D) / (LA/Ao) Feigenbaum, H. Echocardiography. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger, (1994), 206, Figure 4-49. Lang R. et al. "Recommendations for Cardiac Chamber quantification by Echocardiography in Adults: An update from the American Society of Echocardiography and European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging. "J Am Soc Echocardiography, January (2015), 20-28. LA Vol = p/4(h) S(D1)(D2) 116
LA Vol = ml h = LA D1 = D2 = (Teichholz) ml Teichholz, L.E., T. Kreulen, M.V. Herman, et. al. "Problems in echocardiographic volume determinations: echocardiographic-angiographic correlations in the presence or absence of asynergy." American Journal of Cardiology, (1976), 37:7. LVESV = (7.0 * LVDS 3 )/(2.4 + LVDS) LVESV = LVDS = LVEDV = (7.0 * LVDD 3 )/(2.4 + LVDD) LVEDV = LVDD = gm 2D Oh, J.K., J.B. Seward, and A.J. Tajik. The Echo Manual. 3rd Edition, Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, (2007), 113-114. LV = 1.05 * {[(5/6) * A1 * (a + d + t)] - [(5/6) * A2 * (a + d)]} A1 = (Epi) A2 = (Endo) a = d = t = gm M Mode Oh, J.K., J.B. Seward, and A.J. Tajik. The Echo Manual. 3rd Edition, Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, (2007), 115. LV = 1.04 [(LVID + PWT + IVST) 3 - LVID 3 ] * 0.8 + 0.6 117
LVID = PWT = IVST = 1.04 = 0.8 = ml Schiller, N.B., P.M. Shah, M. Crawford, et.al. "Recommendations for Quantitation of the Left Ventricle by Two- Dimensional Echocardiography." Journal of American Society of Echocardiography. September-October 1989, 2:362. V = π -- 4 n i = 1 L a i b i -- n V = a = b = n = (n=20) L = i = ml Schiller, N.B., P.M. Shah, M. Crawford, et.al. "Recommendations for Quantitation of the Left Ventricle by Two- Dimensional Echocardiography. "Journal of American Society of Echocardiography. September-October 1989, 2:362. π V = -- 4 i = 1 2 L a i -- n V = a = n = (n=20) L = i = n 118
(LVD) Oh, J.K., J.B. Seward, and A.J. Tajik. The Echo Manual. 3rd Edition, Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, (2007), 115. LVDFS = ((LVDD - LVDS)/LVDD) * 100% LVDD = LVDS = (LVPWFT) Laurenceau, J. L., M.C. Malergue. The Essentials of Echocardiography. Le Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, (1981), 71. LVPWFT = ((LVPWS - LVPWD)/LVPWD) * 100% LVPWS = LVPWD = (Vmean) cm/s Vmean = (MVA) cm 2 Oh, J.K., J.B. Seward, and A.J. Tajik. The Echo Manual. 3rd Edition, Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams, and Wilkins, (2007), 73-74. MVA = 220/PHT PHT = 220 MV cc/sec Oh, J.K., J.B. Seward, and A.J. Tajik. The Echo Manual. 3rd Edition, Boston: Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, (2007), 74-76. = PISA * Va 119
PISA = Va = (PGr) mmhg Oh, J.K., J.B. Seward, and A.J. Tajik. The Echo Manual. 3rd Edition, Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams, and Wilkins, (2007), 63-66. PGr = 4 * ( ) 2 E (E PG) EPG = 4 * PE 2 A (A PG) APG = 4 * PA 2 (PGmax) PGmax = 4 * PV 2 (PGmean) PGmean = / (PHT) msec Reynolds, Terry. The Echocardiographer's Pocket Reference. 2nd Edition, School of Cardiac Ultrasound, Arizona Heart Institute, (2000), 391. PHT = DT * 0.29 DT = (PISA) cm 2 Oh, J.K., J.B. Seward, and A.J. Tajik. The Echo Manual. 3rd Edition, Boston: Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, (2007), 74-76. PISA = 2π r 2 2 π = 6.28 r = 120
Qp/Qs Oh, J.K., J.B. Seward, and A.J. Tajik. The Echo Manual. 3rd Edition, Boston: Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, (2007), 70-72. Qp/Qs = SV Qp /SV Qs RVOT SV = RVOT CSA* RVOT VTI = π/4 * RVOT 2 * RVOT VTI LVOT SV = LVOT CSA * LVOT VTI = π/4 * LVOT 2 * LVOT VTI (RF) Oh, J.K., J.B. Seward, and A.J. Tajik. The Echo Manual. 3rd Edition, Boston: Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, (2007), 73-76. RF = RV/ MV SV RV = MV SV = CSA * VTI CSA = (RV) cc Oh, J.K., J.B. Seward, and A.J. Tajik. The Echo Manual. 3rd Edition, Boston: Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, (2007), 74-76. RV = ERO * MR VTI/100 Lang R, Bierig M, et al. "Recommendations for chamber quantification: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography s guidelines and standards committee and the chamber quantification writing group, Developed in conjunction with the European Association of Echocardiography, a branch of the European Society of Cardiology." J Am Soc Echocardiography. (2005), 18:1440-1463. Wang Y, Gutman J, et al. "Right atrial volume in a normal adult population by two-dimensional echocardiography." Chest, (1984), 86:595-601. RA Vol = p/4(h) S(D1)2 RA Vol = RA Vol/BSA (ml/l2) 121
RA Vol = ml h = RA D1 = (RVSP) mmhg Oh, J. K., J. B. Seward, and A. J. Tajik. The Echo Manual. 3rd Edition, Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, (2007), 66. RVSP = 4 * (Vmax TR) 2 + RAP RAP = S/D Reynolds, Terry. The Echocardiographer's Pocket Reference. 2nd Edition, School of Cardiac Ultrasound, Arizona Heart Institute, (2000), 217. S / D S = S D = D (SI) cc/m 2 Mosby's Medical, Nursing, & Allied Health Dictionary, 4th Edition, (1994), 1492. SI = SV/BSA SV = BSA = (SV) ml Oh, J.K., J.B. Seward, and A.J. Tajik. The Echo Manual. 3rd Edition,Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams, and Wilkins, (2007), 69-71. SV = (CSA * VTI) CSA = LVOT VTI = LVOT 122
(SV) 2D M ml Oh, J.K., J.B. Seward, and A.J. Tajik. The Echo Manual. 2nd Edition, Boston: Little, Brown and Company, (1994), 44. SV = (LVEDV - LVESV) SV = LVEDV = LVEDSV = TAPSE Rudski L, Lai W, et al. "Guidelines for the echocardiographic assessment of the right heart in adults: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography. "J Am Soc Echocardiogr. (2010), 685-713. (TVA) Oh, J.K., J.B. Seward, and A.J. Tajik. The Echo Manual. 3rd Edition, Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams, and Wilkins, (2007), 73-74. TVA = 220 / PHT (VTI) cm Reynolds, Terry. The Echocardiographer's Pocket Reference. 2nd Edition, School of Cardiac Ultrasound, Arizona Heart Institute, (2000), 383. VTI = abs [n] - (cm) (AFI) Jeng, C. J., et al. "Amniotic Fluid Index Measurement with the Four Quadrant Technique During Pregnancy." The Journal of Reproductive Medicine, 35:7 (July 1990), 674-677. (AUA) AUA 123
(AUA) (EDD) / / EDD = + (280 - AUA ) (LMP) (EDD) LMP / / EDD = LMP + 280 (EFW) Hadlock, F., et al. "Estimation of Fetal Weight with the Use of Head, Body, and Femur Measurements, A Prospective Study." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 151:3 (February 1, 1985), 333-337. Hansmann, M., et al. Ultrasound Diagnosis in Obstetrics and Gynecology. New York: Springer-Verlag, (1986), 154. Osaka University. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. (July 20, 1990), 103-105. Shepard M.J., V. A. Richards, R. L. Berkowitz, et al. "An Evaluation of Two Equations for Predicting Fetal Weight by Ultrasound." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 142:1 (January 1, 1982), 47-54. University of Tokyo, Shinozuka, N. FJSUM, et al. "Standard Values of Ultrasonographic Fetal Biometry." Japanese Journal of Medical Ultrasonics, 23:12 (1996), 880, Equation 1. (LMP) (GA) LMP GA(LMP) = - LMP (Estab. DD) (LMPd) (GA) (Estab. DD) (GA) LMP GA(LMPd) = - LMPd 124
(Estab. DD) (LMPd) / / LMPd(Estab. DD) = Estab. DD - 280 (AC) Hadlock, F., et al. "Estimating Fetal Age: Computer-Assisted Analysis of Multiple Fetal Growth Parameters." Radiology, 152: (1984), 497-501. Hansmann, M., et al. Ultrasound Diagnosis in Obstetrics and Gynecology. New York: Springer-Verlag, (1986), 431. University of Tokyo, Shinozuka, N. FJSUM, et al. "Standard Values of Ultrasonographic Fetal Biometry." Japanese Journal of Medical Ultrasonics, 23:12 (1996), 885. FUJIFILM SonoSite 20.0 cm 30.0 cm (AC) AC AC (BPD) Chitty, L. S. and D.G. Altman. "New charts for ultrasound dating of pregnancy." Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 10: (1997), 174-179, Table 3. Hadlock, F., et al. "Estimating Fetal Age: Computer-Assisted Analysis of Multiple Fetal Growth Parameters." Radiology, 152: (1984), 497-501. Hansmann, M., et al. Ultrasound Diagnosis in Obstetrics and Gynecology. New York: Springer-Verlag, (1986), 440. Osaka University. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. (July 20, 1990), 98. University of Tokyo, Shinozuka, N. FJSUM, et al. "Standard Values of Ultrasonographic Fetal Biometry." Japanese Journal of Medical Ultrasonics, 23:12 (1996), 885. (CM) Mahony, B.; P. Callen, R. Filly, and W. Hoddick. "The fetal cisterna magna." Radiology, 153: (December 1984), 773-776. 125
(CRL) Hadlock, F., et al. "Fetal Crown-Rump Length: Re-evaluation of Relation to Menstrual Age (5-18 weeks) with High-Resolution, Real-Time Ultrasound. "Radiology, 182: (February 1992), 501-505. Hansmann, M., et al. Ultrasound Diagnosis in Obstetrics and Gynecology. New York: Springer-Verlag, (1986), 439. Osaka University. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. (July 20, 1990), 20 and 96. Tokyo University. "Gestational Weeks and Computation Methods." Ultrasound Imaging Diagnostics, 12:1 (1982-1), 24-25, Table 3. (FL) Chitty, L. S. and D.G.Altman. "New charts for ultrasound dating of pregnancy. "Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 10: (1997), 174-179, Table 8, 186. Hadlock, F., et al. "Estimating Fetal Age: Computer-Assisted Analysis of Multiple Fetal Growth Parameters." Radiology, 152: (1984), 497-501. Hansmann, M., et al. Ultrasound Diagnosis in Obstetrics and Gynecology. New York: Springer-Verlag, (1986), 431. Osaka University. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. (July 20, 1990), 101-102. University of Tokyo, Shinozuka, N. FJSUM, et al. "Standard Values of Ultrasonographic Fetal Biometry." Japanese Journal of Medical Ultrasonics, 23:12 (1996), 886. (FTA) Osaka University. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. (July 20, 1990), 99-100. (GS) Hansmann, M., et al. Ultrasound Diagnosis in Obstetrics and Gynecology. New York: Springer-Verlag, (1986). Nyberg, D.A., et al. "Transvaginal Ultrasound." Mosby Yearbook, (1992), 76. Nyberg Tokyo University. "Gestational Weeks and Computation Methods." Ultrasound Imaging Diagnostics, 12:1 (1982-1). 126
(HC) Chitty, L. S. and D.G. Altman. "New charts for ultrasound dating of pregnancy." Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 10: (1997), 174-191, Table 5, 182. Hadlock, F., et al. "Estimating Fetal Age: Computer-Assisted Analysis of Multiple Fetal Growth Parameters." Radiology, 152: (1984), 497-501. Hansmann, M., et al. Ultrasound Diagnosis in Obstetrics and Gynecology. New York: Springer-Verlag, (1986), 431. (HL) Jeanty, P.; F. Rodesch; D. Delbeke; J. E. Dumont. "Estimate of Gestational Age from Measurements of Fetal Long Bones." Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine.3: (February 1984), 75-79 (OFD) Hansmann, M., et al. Ultrasound Diagnosis in Obstetrics and Gynecology. New York: Springer-Verlag, (1986), 431. Jeanty, P.; F. Rodesch; D. Delbeke; J. E. Dumont. "Estimate of Gestational Age from Measurements of Fetal Long Bones." Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine. 3: (February 1984), 75-79 (TTD) Hansmann, M., et al. Ultrasound Diagnosis in Obstetrics and Gynecology. New York: Springer-Verlag, (1986), 431. (AC) Chitty, Lyn S. et al. "Charts of Fetal Size: 3. Abdominal Measurements." British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 101: (February 1994), 131, Appendix: AC-Derived. Hadlock, F., et al. "Estimating Fetal Age: Computer-Assisted Analysis of Multiple Fetal Growth Parameters." Radiology, 152: (1984), 497-501. Jeanty P., E. Cousaert, and F. Cantraine. "Normal Growth of the Abdominal Perimeter." American Journal of Perinatology, 1: (January 1984), 129-135. ( Hansmann, Hackeloer, Staudach, Wittman. Ultrasound Diagnosis in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Springer-Verlag, New York, (1986), 179, Table 7.13.) 127
(BPD) Chitty, Lyn S. et al. "Charts of Fetal Size: 2. Head Measurements." British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 101: (January 1994), 43, Appendix: BPD-Outer-Inner. Hadlock, F., et al. "Estimating Fetal Age: Computer-Assisted Analysis of Multiple Fetal Growth Parameters." Radiology, 152: (1984), 497-501. Jeanty P., E. Cousaert, and F. Cantraine. "A Longitudinal Study of Fetal Limb Growth." American Journal of Perinatology, 1: (January 1984), 136-144, Table 5. ( Hansmann, Hackeloer, Staudach, Wittman. Ultrasound Diagnosis in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Springer-Verlag, New York, (1986), 176, Table 7.8.) (EFW) Brenner, William E.; D. A. Edelman; C. H. Hendricks. "A standard of fetal growth for the United States of America," American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 126: 5 (November 1, 1976), 555-564; Table II. Hadlock F., et al. "In Utero Analysis of Fetal Growth: A Sonographic Weight Standard." Radiology, 181: (1991), 129-133. Jeanty, Philippe, F. Cantraine, R. Romero, E. Cousaert, and J. Hobbins. "A Longitudinal Study of Fetal Weight Growth." Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, 3: (July 1984), 321-328, Table 1. ( Hansmann, Hackeloer, Staudach, and Wittman. Ultrasound Diagnosis in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Springer-Verlag, New York, (1986), 186, Table 7.20.) (FL) Chitty, Lyn S. et al. "Charts of Fetal Size: 4. Femur Length. "British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 101: (February 1994), 135. Hadlock, F., et al. "Estimating Fetal Age: Computer-Assisted Analysis of Multiple Fetal Growth Parameters." Radiology, 152: (1984), 497-501. Jeanty P, E. Cousaert, and F. Cantraine. "A Longitudinal Study of Fetal Limb Growth." American Journal of Perinatology, 1: (January 1984), 136-144, Table 5. ( Hansmann, Hackeloer, Staudach, Wittman. Ultrasound Diagnosis in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Springer-Verlag, New York, (1986), 182, Table 7.17.) (HC) Chitty, Lyn S., et al. "Charts of Fetal Size: 2. Head Measurements." British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 101: (January 1994), 43, Appendix: HC-Derived. 128
Hadlock, F., et al. "Estimating Fetal Age: Computer-Assisted Analysis of Multiple Fetal Growth Parameters." Radiology, 152: (1984), 497-501. Jeanty P, E. Cousaert, and F. Cantraine. "A longitudinal study of Fetal Head Biometry." American J of Perinatology, 1: (January 1984), 118-128, Table 3. ( Hansmann, Hackeloer, Staudach, Wittman. Ultrasound Diagnosis in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Springer-Verlag, New York, (1986), 176, Table 7.8.) (HC)/ (AC) Campbell S., Thoms Alison. "Ultrasound Measurements of the Fetal Head to Abdomen Circumference Ratio in the Assessment of Growth Retardation," British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 84: (March 1977), 165-174. FL/AC Hadlock F.P., R. L. Deter, R. B. Harrist, E. Roecker, and S.K. Park. "A Date Independent Predictor of Intrauterine Growth Retardation: Femur Length/Abdominal Circumference Ratio," American Journal of Roentgenology, 141: (November 1983), 979-984. FL/BPD Hohler, C.W., and T.A. Quetel. "Comparison of Ultrasound Femur Length and Biparietal Diameter in Late Pregnancy," American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 141:7 (Dec. 1 1981), 759-762. FL/HC Hadlock F.P., R. B. Harrist, Y. Shah, and S. K. Park. "The Femur Length/Head Circumference Relation in Obstetric Sonography." Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, 3: (October 1984), 439-442. HC/AC Campbell S., Thoms Alison. "Ultrasound Measurements of the Fetal Head to Abdomen Circumference Ratio in the Assessment of Growth Retardation," British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 84: (March 1977), 165-174. +/x S/D +/x = abs ( A/ B) 129
A = + B = x (ACC) Zwiebel, W.J. Introduction to Vascular Ultrasonography, 4th ed., W.B. Saunders Company, (2000), 52. ACC = abs (delta velocity/delta time) (ET) ET = /d:d Graf, R. "Fundamentals of Sonographic Diagnosis of Infant Hip Dysplasia." Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics, Vol. 4, No. 6: 735-740, 1984. Morin, C., Harcke, H., MacEwen, G. "The Infant Hip: Real-Time US Assessment of Acetabular Development." Radiology 177: 673-677, December 1985. Taylor K.J.W., P.N. Burns, P. Breslau. Clinical Applications of Doppler Ultrasound, Raven Press, N.Y., (1988), 130-136. Zwiebel W.J., J.A. Zagzebski, A.B. Crummy, et al. "Correlation of peak Doppler frequency with lumen narrowing in carotid stenosis." Stroke, 3: (1982), 386-391. % = (1 - A2(cm 2 )/A1(cm 2 )) * 100 A1 = A2 = Handa, Nobuo et al., "Echo-Doppler Velocimeter in the Diagnosis of Hypertensive Patients: The Renal Artery Doppler Technique," Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 12:12 (1986), 945-952. % = (1 - D2(cm)/D1(cm)) * 100 D1 = cm D2 = cm 130
(PGr) mmhg Oh, J.K., J.B. Seward, A.J. Tajik. The Echo Manual. 2nd ed., Lippincott, Williams, and Wilkins, (1999), 64. 4 * 2 E (E PG) EPG = 4 * PE 2 A (A PG) APG = 4 * PA2 (PGmax) PGmax = 4 * PV2 (PGmean) PGmean = 4 * Vmax 2 (PI) Kurtz, A.B., W.D. Middleton. Ultrasound-the Requisites. Mosby Year Book, Inc., (1996), 469. PI = (PSV EDV)/V PSV = EDV = V = (RI) Kurtz, A.B., W.D. Middleton. Ultrasound-the Requisites. Mosby Year Book, Inc., (1996), 467. RI = abs (( A - B)/ A) A = + B = x (TAM) cm/s TAM = 131
(TAP) cm/s TAP = (Vol) Beyer, W.H. Standard Mathematical Tables, 28th ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, (1987), 131. cm 3 = (4/3) * π * /2 * /2 * /2 (VF) ml/m Allan, Paul L. et al. Clinical Doppler Ultrasound, 4th ed., Harcourt Publishers Limited. (2000), 36-38. VF = CSA * TAM *.06 VF = CSA * TAP *.06 132
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1 2 3 Sani-Cloth HB Sani-Cloth Wipes 70% 4 1 Cidex 10:1 5.25% 2 ECG ECG ECG 1 2 EGC 3 145
4 FUJIFILM SonoSite 5 ECG ECG 146
9 ALARA 10 (MSD) 1,2,3 (MSD) MSD MSD MSD MSD 4 MSD 5,6 1. Magnavita, N., L. Bevilacqua, P. Mirk, A. Fileni, and N. Castellino. "Work-related Musculoskeletal Complaints in Sonologists." Occupational Environmental Medicine. 41:11 (1999), 981-988. 2. Craig, M. "Sonography:An Occupational Hazard?"Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography. 3 (1985), 121-125. 3. Smith, C.S., G.W.Wolf, G. Y. Xie, and M. D. Smith. "Musculoskeletal Pain in Cardiac Ultrasonographers: Results of a Random Survey." Journal of American Society of Echocardiography. (May1997), 357-362. 4. Wihlidal, L.M. and S. Kumar. "An Injury Profile of Practicing Diagnostic Medical Sonographers in Alberta." International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics. 19 (1997), 205-216. 5. Habes, D.J. and S. Baron. "Health Hazard Report 99-0093-2749." University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey. (1999). 6. Vanderpool, H.E., E.A. Friis, B.S. Smith, and K.L. Harms. "Prevalence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Other Work-related Musculoskeletal Problems in Cardiac Sonographers." Journal of Medicine. 35:6 (1993), 605-610. 147
148
MSD MSD EN 60601-1 Class I I / BF CF 172 ECG EN 60601-1 149
ECG / (TTC) 150
(MPSO) 8 FUJIFILM SonoSite FUJIFILM SonoSite FUJIFILM SonoSite FUJIFILM SonoSite / - FUJIFILM SonoSite FUJIFILM SonoSite 151
Class I I BF CF IPX-7 IPX-8 AP/APG Class I I Class I I ECG /ECG 8 152
0 40 C 60 C 6 SonoSite 2 153
FUJIFILM SonoSite FUJIFILM SonoSite FUJIFILM SonoSite FUJIFILM SonoSite 21 CFR 801.437 ALARA MI TI FUJIFILM SonoSite 0.3 db/cm/mhz - FUJIFILM SonoSite 154
P10x P17x P21x P10x P17x P21x 155
IEC 60601-1-2:2001 (EMC) FUJIFILM SonoSite FUJIFILM SonoSite FUJIFILM SonoSite FUJIFILM SonoSite 159 EMC RF (EMI) EMI EMI EMI EMI EMI EMI EMI IEC 60601-1-2 EMC 156
SonoSite Edge II IEEE 802.11 2.412 GHz 2.484 GHz ISM 16 db (CCK) (DQPSK) (DBPSK) IEEE 802.11b 13 dbm (ODFM) IEEE 802.11g (ESD) ESD ESD ESD 157
ESD ESD TTC (TTC) ESD ESD ESD ESD IEC 60601-1-2 5.2.1.2 d 158
9-1 RF SonoSite Edge II SonoSite Edge II (RF) SonoSite Edge II RF SonoSite Edge II (W) m 150 khz 80 MHz d=1.2 P 80 MHz 800 MHz d=1.2 P 800 MHz 2.5 GHz d=2.3 P 0.01 0.12 0.12 0.23 0.1 0.38 0.38 0.73 1 1.2 1.2 2.3 10 3.8 3.8 7.3 100 12 12 23 (d) (m) P (W) 80 MHz 800 MHz FUJIFILM SonoSite SonoSite Edge II IEC 60601-1-2:2007 FUJIFILM SonoSite SonoSite Edge II SonoSite Edge II 159
9-2 SonoSite Edge II C11x rc60xi/rc60xi Armored HFL38xi HFL50x HSL25x ICTx L25x L38xi/L38xi Armored P10x rp19x/rp19x Armored TEExi 1.8 m 1.7 m 1.7 m 1.7 m 2.4 m 1.7 m 2.3 m 1.7 m 1.8 m 1.8 m 2.2 m 1.5 m PowerPack PowerPack 1 m 1 m 1.8 m 160
9-2 SonoSite Edge II ECG ECG ECG 0.6 m 1.8 m 2.4 m SonoSite Edge II SonoSite Edge II Petite DC AC 3 m 1.8 m 3 m 2 m 1 m PowerPark USB 161
EMC 9-3 - GB4824 1 SonoSite Edge II GB4824 GB17625.1 / GB17625.2 A 不适用 SonoSite Edge II / 162
9-4 - IEC 60601 (ESD) GB/ T17626.2 ± 6.0KV ± 8.0KV ± 6.0KV ± 8.0KV 30% GB/ T17626.4 ± 2KV ± 1KV / ± 2KV ± 1KV / >1kV GB/T17626.5 ± 1KV ± 2KV ± 1KV ± 2KV GB/ T17626.11 <5% U T 5s U T >95% 40% U T 5 U T 60% 70% U T 25 U T 30% <5% U T 5s U T >95% 40% U T 5 U T 60% 70% U T 25 U T 30% Edge II Edge II 5% U T 5s UT T 95% 5% U T 5s U T 95% 50/ 60 Hz GB/ T17626.8 3 A/m 3 A/m 163
9-4 - IEC 60601 GB/T17626.6 GB/T17626.3 3 V ( 150 khz 80 MHz 3 V/m 80 MHz~2.5 GHz 3 V ( Edge II d = 1.2 P d = 1.2 P 80 MHz~800 MHz d = 2.3 P 800 MHz~2.5 GHz 3 V/m P-- (W) d -- (m) a b IEC 60417 No. 417-IEC- 5140: 80 MHz 800 MHz a. / AM FM FUJIFILM SonoSite RF FUJIFILM SonoSite Edge II FUJIFILM SonoSite Edge II b. 150 khz 80 MHz 3 V/m U T 164
FCC FCC Rules 15 FCC Rules 15 SonoSite Edge II IEC 60601-1-2 IEC 60601-2-37 SonoSite Edge II 9-5 (AC) I 93/42/EEC Annex VII 165
9-5 I IIa IIb III 93/42/EEC "C" "US" CSA ANSI/UL REF 93/86/EEC 166
9-5 (DC) 2 5 10 FCC GEL 167
9-5 STERILE R STERILE EO SN 168
9-5 BF B = F = CF (UL) RoHS / CCC WARNING: Connect Only Accessories and Peripherals Recommended by SonoSite FUJIFILM SonoSite, 169
33 cm 31.5 cm 6.3 cm 4.6 kg rc60xi 24.6 cm 18.5 cm 30.7 cm 10-40 C 15-95% 700 1060hPa 0.7 1.05 35 C 35 C 30 /30-35-65 C 15-95% R.H. 500 1060hPa 0.5 1.05-20-60 C 15-95% R.H. 30 500 1060hPa 0.5 1.05 170
100-240V 50/60 Hz 100 VAC 2.0 A #1 15V 5.0 A #2 12V 2.3 A 75 w 171
EMC 9-6 AAMI ES60601-1:2005 + C1(2009) + A2(2010) CSA C22.2 No. 60601-1-08 + TC 2(2011) IEC 60601-1:2005 + C1 (2006) + C2(2007) CSA C22.2 60601-2- 37:08 IEC 60601-2-37 (ed. 2.0) CSA C22.2 60601-6-07 IEC 60601-1-6:2010 Medical electrical equipment, Part 1: General requirements for basic safety and essential performance (3 rd edition plus Corrigendum 1 and Corrigendum 2) AAMI ES60601-1:2005 + C1(2009) + A2(2010) 1 3 1 A2 Medical electrical equipment Part 1: General requirements for basic safety and essential performance (3 rd edition plus Corrigendum 1 and Corrigendum 2) CSA C22.2 No. 60601-1-08 + TC 2(2011) 1 3 1 2 Medical electrical equipment, Part 1: General requirements for basic safety and essential performance (3 rd edition plus Corrigendum 1 and Corrigendum 2) IEC 60601-1:2005 + C1(2006) + C2(2007) 1 3 1 2 Medical electrical equipment - Part 2-37: Particular requirements for the basic safety and essential performance of ultrasonic medical diagnostic and monitoring equipment CSA C22.2 60601-2-37:08-2-37 Medical electrical equipment - Part 2-37: Particular requirements for the basic safety and essential performance of ultrasonic medical diagnostic and monitoring equipment IEC 60601-2-37 (ed. 2.0) - 2-37 Medical Electrical Equipment part 1-6: General requirements for basic safety and essential performance - Collateral standard: Usability CSA C22.2 60601-6- 07-1-6 - Medical Electrical Equipment part 1-6: General requirements for basic safety and essential performance - Collateral standard: Usability IEC 60601-1- 6:2010-1-6-172
9-7 EMC IEC 60601-1-2:2007 CISPR 11:2009 General Requirements for Basic Safety and Essential Performance-Collateral Standard - Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) Radio-Frequency Equipment Electromagnetic Disturbance Characteristics-Limits and Methods of Measurement (ISM) - 1 A AAMI/ANSI/ISO 10993-1:2009, Biological evaluation of medical devices Part 1:Evaluation and testing (2009) AAMI/ANSI/ISO 10993-1:2009-1 [2009] AAMI/ANSI/ISO 10993-5, Biological evaluation of medical devices Part 5:Tests for In Vitro cytotoxicity (2009) AAMI/ANSI/ISO 10993-5 - 5 In Vitro [2009] AAMI/ANSI/ISO 10993-10, Biological evaluation of medical devices Part 10:Tests for irritation and delayedtype hypersensitivity (2002) AAMI/ANSI/ISO 10993-10 - 10 [2002] AAMI/ANSI/ISO 10993-11, Biological evaluation of medical devices Part 11:Tests for systemic toxicity (2006) AAMI/ANSI/ISO 10993-11 - 11 [2006] AAMI/ANSI/ISO 10993-12, Biological evaluation of medical devices Part 12:Sample preparation and reference materials (2007) AAMI/ANSI/ISO 10993-12 - 12 [2007] RTCA DO-160E, Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics, Environmental Conditions and Test Procedures for Airborne Equipment, Section 21.0 Emission of Radio Frequency Energy, Category B. 118 21.0 B 173
DICOM NEMA PS 3.15:2000(DICOM) - 15 X-Porte DICOM DICOM www.sonosite.com HIPAA HIPAA The Health Insurance and Portability and Accountability Act, Pub.L. No. 104-191 (1996). 45 CFR 160, General Administrative Requirements 45 CFR 164, Security and Privacy 174
10 ALARA ALARA ALARA ALARA ALARA 2D CPD Color THI ALARA EN 60601-2-37 42 182 ALARA 175
(ISPTA) 720 mw/cm 2 ISPTA 50 mw/cm 2 TI 1.0 MI 0.23 (MI) (TI) 1.0 MI TI 177 MI TI ALARA MI TI MI TI BS EN 60601-2-37:2001:Annex HH HH PRF Kremkau, Frederick W. Diagnostic Ultrasound:Principles and Instruments.7th ed., W.B.Saunders Company, (Oct. 17, 2005). 176
MI TI MI TI MI TI MI TI MI TI 10-1 MI C11x rc60xi/rc60xi Armored HFL38xi HFL50x HSL25x ICTx L25x L38xi/L38xi Armored P10x MI TI 177
10-1 MI rp19x/rp19x Armored TEExi MI MI 10-2 TI CPD PRF PW C11x rc60xi/rc60xi Armored (PRF) HFL38xi HFL50x 178 MI TI
10-2 TI CPD PRF PW HSL25x ICTx L25x L38xi/L38xi Armored P10x rp19x/rp19x Armored (PRF) (PRF) (PRF) (PRF) TEExi (PRF) TI TI MI TI 179
MI TI AIUM 182 10-3 TI MI 1.0 10-3 TI MI ³ 1.0 / M / C11x/8-5 MI TIC TIB TIS rc60xi/5-2 rc60xi Armored/5-2 MI TIC TIB TIS HFL38xi/13-6 MI TIC TIB TIS HFL50x/15-6 MI TIC TIB TIS HSL25x/13-6 MI TIC TIB TIS ICTx/8-5 MI TIC TIB TIS L25x/13-6 MI TIC TIB TIS L38xi/10-5 L38xi Armored/10-5 MI TIC TIB TIS P10x/8-4 MI TIC TIB TIS 180
10-3 TI MI ³ 1.0 / M / rp19x/5-1 rp19x Armored/5-1 MI TIC TIB TIS TEExi/8-3 MI TIC TIB TIS MI 1.0 MI 0.1 TI TI -0.1 TI TI ALARA TI FUJIFILM SonoSite AIUM TI 182 MI TI MI 95% MI 95% MI +18% -25% +0.2 TI 95% TI 95% TI +21% -40% +0.2 +1dB 3dB MI TI 0.0 0.05 222 181
MI TI / / Information for Manufacturers Seeking Marketing Clearance of Diagnostic Ultrasound Systems and Transducers, FDA, 2008. Medical Ultrasound Safety, American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine (AIUM), 1994. Acoustic Output Measurement Standard for Diagnostic Ultrasound Equipment, NEMA UD2-2004. Acoustic Output Measurement and Labeling Standard for Diagnostic Ultrasound Equipment, American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, 1993. Standard for Real-Time Display of Thermal and Mechanical Acoustic Output Indices on Diagnostic Ultrasound Equipment, NEMA UD3-2004. Guidance on the interpretation of TI and MI to be used to inform the operator, Annex HH, BS EN 60601-2-37 reprinted at P05699. 10-4 10-5 (23 C ± 3 C) EN 60601-2-37 42 10-4 ( C) C11x rc60xi/ rc60xi Armored HFL38xi HFL50x HSL25x L25x L38xi/ L38xi Armored P10x rp19x/ rp19x Armored 14.2 15.0 12.4 10.7 17.5 16.1 12.5 16.0 14.9 7.3 8.9 7.7 7.7 9.1 8.5 8.8 9.1 7.6 182
10-5 ( C) ICTx TEExi 9.2 8.6 5.2 4.7 (bioeffects) 1987 10 (AIUM) (Bioeffects Considerations for the Safety of Diagnostic Ultrasound, J Ultrasound Med., Sept. 1988:Vol. 7, No. 9 Supplement) Stowe 1993 1 28 "Bioeffects and Safety of Diagnostic Ultrasound" Acoustic Output Measurement Standard for Diagnostic Ultrasound Equipment (NEMA UD2-2004) Standard for Real-Time Display of Thermal and Mechanical Acoustic Output Indices on Diagnostic Ultrasound Equipment (NEMA UDe3-2004) In Situ In Situ In Situ= [e -(0.23alf) ] In Situ = In Situ = e = 2.7183 a = (db/cm MHz) 183
= 0.53 = 0.66 = 0.79 = 0.43 = 0.55 l = cm f = // MHz In Situ 0.3 In Situ In Situ = [e -(0.069lf ) ] In Situ In Situ 184
In Situ 0.3 db/cm MHz In Situ In Situ 3cm In Situ 1dB/cmMHz 1990 MI 0.1 1.0 MI 2.0 M MI 1988 1990 1 C 4 C 1.5 C 7 C I SPTA I SPTA 500 mw/cm 2 Bioeffects and Safety of Diagnostic Ultrasound (AIUM, 1993) 4.3.2.1-4.3.2.6 185
10-6 10-39 TI MI 1 221 186
10-6C11x M.I. TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB (a) (a) 1.5 1.1 p r.3 (MPa) # W 0 (mw) # 24.6 21.7 [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) 1.70 z@pii.3max (cm) # d eq (Z sp ) (cm) 0.23 F c (MHz) # # 4.37 4.36 A aprt X (cm) # 0.64 0.40 Y (cm) # 0.50 0.50 PD (μsec) # PRF (Hz) # p r @PII max (MPa) # d eq @Pll max (cm) 0.22 FL x (cm) # 1.52 I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) # TIC FL y (cm) # 4.40 1 Nrv Nrv 2 1 mm 7 mm 3 1 0 4 PRF 10417 6250 (a) <1 (b) # / 187
10-7rC60xi/rC60xi Armored M.I. TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB 1.5 (a) (b) p r.3 (MPa) 2.31 W 0 (mw) # # [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) z@pii.3max (cm) 4.3 d eq (Z sp ) (cm) F c (MHz) 2.36 # # A aprt X (cm) # # Y (cm) # # PD (μsec) 0.680 PRF (Hz) 3584 p r @PII max (MPa) 3.29 d eq @Pll max (cm) FL x (cm) # # I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) 356 1 2 3 4 MB FL y (cm) # # Res 11 cm 5 THI (a) <1 (b) # / TIC 188
10-8rC60xi/rC60xi Armored M M.I. TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB 1.3 (a) 1.0 (b) p r.3 (MPa) 2.18 W 0 (mw) 69.8 # [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) 4.20 z@pii.3max (cm) 4.3 d eq (Z sp ) (cm) 0.69 F c (MHz) 2.66 # 2.89 # A aprt X (cm) # 2.25 # Y (cm) # 1.20 # PD (μsec) 0.620 PRF (Hz) 800 p r @PII max (MPa) 3.25 d eq @Pll max (cm) 0.49 FL x (cm) # # I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) 290 FL y (cm) # # 1 Msk 2 Pen Pen 3 6.6 cm 9.2 cm 4 THI (a) <1 (b) # / TIC 189
10-9rC60xi/rC60xi Armored / M.I. TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB 1.5 1.2 (b) p r.3 (MPa) 2.21 W 0 (mw) 107.5 # [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) z@pii.3max (cm) 4.3 d eq (Z sp ) (cm) F c (MHz) 2.22 2.21 # A aprt X (cm) 0.66 # Y (cm) 1.20 # PD (μsec) 0.729 PRF (Hz) 1265 p r @PII max (MPa) 3.07 d eq @Pll max (cm) # FL x (cm) 2.50 # I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) 342 FL y (cm) 6.50 # 1 2 CVD CVD 3 2D //THI Gen/11 cm/ Gen/4.7 cm/ 4 /PRF /342 /3125 5/ / - / - (a) <1 (b) # / TIC 190
10-10rC60xi/rC60xi Armored M.I. TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB 1.2 2.0 4.0 (b) p r.3 (MPa) 1.73 W 0 (mw) 291.8 # [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) 187.5 z 1 (cm) 4.0 Z bp (cm) 4.0 Z sp (cm) 3.60 z@pii.3max (cm) 4.5 d eq (Z sp ) (cm) 0.94 F c (MHz) 2.20 2.23 2.23 # A aprt X (cm) 4.77 3.28 # Y (cm) 1.20 1.20 # PD (μsec) 1.153 PRF (Hz) 1302 p r @PII max (MPa) 2.43 d eq @Pll max (cm) 0.54 FL x (cm) 17.97 # I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) 267 FL y (cm) 6.50 # 1 2 3 mm 7 mm 7 mm 3 3 6 5 4 PRF 1302 2604 2604 (a) <1 (b) # / TIC 191
10-11HFL38xi MI TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB 1.3 (a) (b) p r.3 (MPa) 3.05 W 0 (mw) # # [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) z@pii.3max (cm) 1.2 d eq (Z sp ) (cm) F c (cm) 5.36 # # Z bp (MHz) # # A aprt X (cm) # # Y (cm) PD (μsec) 0.521 PRF (Hz) 2127 p r @PII max (MPa) 3.81 d eq @Pll max (cm) FL x (cm) # # FL y (cm) # # I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) 494 1 2 3 4 MB Res 3.3 cm N/A 5 (a) <1 (b) # / TIC 192
10-12HFL38xi M MI TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB 1.2 (a) (a) (b) p r.3 (MPa) 3.14 W 0 (mw) # # # [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) # z@pii.3max (cm) 1.4 d eq (Z sp ) (cm) # F c (cm) 6.75 # # # Z bp (MHz) # # # A aprt X (cm) # # # Y (cm) PD (μsec) 0.263 PRF (Hz) 1600 p r @PII max (MPa) 4.35 d eq @Pll max (cm) # FL x (cm) # # FL y (cm) # # I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) 388 1 2 3 Nrv Pen 4.0 cm (a) <1 (b) # / TIC 193
10-13HFL38xi / MI TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB 1.3 (a) (b) p r.3 (MPa) 3.05 W 0 (mw) # # [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) z@pii.3max (cm) 1.2 d eq (Z sp ) (cm) F c (MHz) 5.36 # # A aprt X (cm) # # Y (cm) # # PD (μsec) 0.521 PRF (Hz) 2223 p r @PII max (MPa) 3.81 d eq @Pll max (cm) FL x (cm) # # FL y (cm) # # I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) 494 1 2 3 2D / 4 //PRF SmP CVD Res/ 3.3 cm /401 5/ / (a) <1 (b) # / TIC 194
10-14HFL38xi MI TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB 1.2 1.1 2.2 (b) p r.3 (MPa) 2.69 W 0 (mw) 47.7 47.7 # [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) 1.10 z@pii.3max (cm) 1.0 d eq (Z sp ) (cm) 0.34 F c (MHz) 5.34 4.86 4.86 # A aprt X (cm) 1.08 1.08 # Y (cm) 0.40 0.40 # PD (μsec) 1.288 PRF (Hz) 1008 p r @PII max (MPa) 3.23 d eq @Pll max (cm) 0.25 FL x (cm) 3.72 # FL y (cm) 2.44 # I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) 308 1 Nrv Art Art 2 1mm 1mm 1mm 3 3 7 7 4 PRF 1008 3125 3125 (a) <1 (b) # / TIC 195
10-15HFL50x MI TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB 1.3 (a) (b) p r.3 (MPa) 3.051 W 0 (mw) # # [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) z@pii.3max (cm) 1.2 d eq (Z sp ) (cm) F c (MHz) 5.36 # # A aprt X (cm) # # Y (cm) # # PD (μsec) 0.521 PRF (Hz) 2733 p r @PII max (MPa) 3.81 d eq @Pll max (cm) FL x (cm) # # FL y (cm) # # I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) 493 1 2 3 3.3 4 MBe (a) <1 (b) # / TIC 196
10-16HFL50x M M.I. TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB 1.2 (a) (a) (b) p r.3 (MPa) 3.14 W 0 (mw) # # # [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) 1.4 # d eq (Z sp ) (cm) # F c (MHz) 6.75 # # # A aprt X (cm) # # # Y (cm) # # # PD (μsec) 0.263 PRF (Hz) 1600 p r @PII max (MPa) 4.35 d eq @Pll max (cm) # FL x (cm) # # I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) 388 1 2 FL y (cm) # # Pen 3 4.0 (a) <1 (b) # / TIC 197
10-17HFL50x / M.I. TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB 1.3 (a) (b) p r.3 (MPa) 3.05 W 0 (mw) # # [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) 1.2 d eq (Z sp ) (cm) F c (MHz) 5.36 # # A aprt X (cm) # # Y (cm) # # PD (μsec) 0.521 PRF (Hz) 8233 p r @PII max (MPa) 3.81 d eq @Pll max (cm) FL x (cm) # # I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) 494 1 2 3 / FL y (cm) # # /3.3 4 PRF (a) <1 (b) # / TIC 198
10-18HFL50x MI TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB 1.2 1.1 1.9 (b) p r.3 (MPa) 2.69 W 0 (mw) 42.6 42.6 # [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) 1.0 1.1 d eq (Z sp ) (cm) 0.33 F c (MHz) 5.34 5.34 5.34 # A aprt X (cm) 1.08 1.08 # Y (cm) 0.40 0.40 # PD (μsec) 1.29 PRF (Hz) 1008 p r @PII max (MPa) 3.23 d eq @Pll max (cm) 0.22 FL x (cm) 3.72 # FL y (cm) 2.44 # I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) 308 1 2 1 mm 1 mm 1 mm 3 PRF 1008 1563-1563 - 3125 3125 4 3 7 7 (a) <1 (b) # / TIC 199
10-19HSL25x M.I. TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB 1.2 (a) (b) p r.3 (MPa) 2.87 W 0 (mw) # # [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) 0.8 d eq (Z sp ) (cm) F c (MHz) 6.11 # # A aprt X (cm) # # Y (cm) # # PD (μsec) 0.630 PRF (Hz) 1061 p r @PII max (MPa) 3.39 d eq @Pll max (cm) FL x (cm) # # I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) 478 FL y (cm) # # 1 Nrv/Msk/ Ven/Art 2 3 1.9-2.2 4 MBe (a) <1 (b) # / TIC 200
10-20HSL25x / M.I. TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB 1.0 (a) (b) p r.3 (MPa) 2.35 W 0 (mw) # # [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) z@pii.3max (cm) 0.8 d eq (Z sp ) (cm) F c (MHz) 6.11 # # A aprt X (cm) # # Y (cm) # # PD (μsec) 0.630 PRF (Hz) 3079 p r @PII max (MPa) 2.78 d eq @Pll max (cm) FL x (cm) # # I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) 276 1 2 3 2D / 4 //PRF FL y (cm) # # Sup CVD / 3.1 cm /401 5/ / (a) <1 (b) # / TIC 201
10-21HSL25x M.I. (a) <1 (b) # / TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB (a) (a) 1.5 (b) p r.3 (MPa) # W 0 (mw) # 28.1 # [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) 0.75 z@pii.3max (cm) # d eq (Z sp ) (cm) 0.30 F c (MHz) # # 6.00 # A aprt X (cm) # 0.76 # Y (cm) # 0.30 # PD (μsec) # PRF (Hz) # p r @PII max (MPa) # d eq @Pll max (cm) 0.21 FL x (cm) # # I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) # 1 2 FL y (cm) # # Nrv 8 mm 3 7 4 PRF 1953 TIC 202
10-22ICTx M.I. TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB (a) (a) 1.2 (a) p r.3 (MPa) # W 0 (mw) # 16.348 # [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) # 1.6 d eq (Z sp ) (cm) 0.192 F c (MHz) # # 4.36 # A aprt X (cm) # 0.6 # Y (cm) # 0.5 # PD (μsec) # PRF (Hz) # p r @PII max (MPa) # d eq @Pll max (cm) 0.187 FL x (cm) # # I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) # 1 2 3 PRF FL y (cm) # # 3mm 4 1 (a) <1 (b) # / TIC 203
10-23L25x M.I. TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB 1.2 (a) (b) p r.3 (MPa) 2.87 W 0 (mw) # # [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) 0.8 d eq (Z sp ) (cm) F c (MHz) 6.11 # # A aprt X (cm) # # Y (cm) # # PD (μsec) 0.630 PRF (Hz) 1061 p r @PII max (MPa) 3.39 d eq @Pll max (cm) FL x (cm) # # I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) 478 FL y (cm) # # 1 Nrv/Msk/ Ven/Art 2 3 1.9-2.2 4 MBe (a) <1 (b) # / TIC 204
10-24L25x / M.I. TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB 1.0 (a) (b) p r.3 (MPa) 2.35 W 0 (mw) # # [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) z@pii.3max (cm) 0.8 d eq (Z sp ) (cm) F c (MHz) 6.11 # # A aprt X (cm) # # Y (cm) # # PD (μsec) 0.630 PRF (Hz) 5261 p r @PII max (MPa) 2.78 d eq @Pll max (cm) FL x (cm) # # I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) 276 1 2 3 2D / 4 /PRF FL y (cm) # # CVD / 3.1 cm /779 5/ / (a) <1 (b) # / TIC 205
10-25L25x M.I. TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB (a) (a) 1.7 (b) p r.3 (MPa) # W 0 (mw) # 32.1 # [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) # 0.75 d eq (Z sp ) (cm) 0.30 F c (MHz) # # 6.00 # A aprt X (cm) # 0.76 # Y (cm) # 0.30 # PD (μsec) # PRF (Hz) # p r @PII max (MPa) # d eq @Pll max (cm) 0.21 FL x (cm) # # FL y (cm) # # I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) # 1 Art/Ven/ Nrv 2 8 mm 3 PRF 1953 4 7 (a) <1 (b) # / TIC 206
10-26L38xi/L38xi Armored M.I. TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB 1.5 (a) (b) p r.3 (MPa) 3.30 W 0 (mw) # # [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) z@pii.3max (cm) 0.8 d eq (Z sp ) (cm) F c (MHz) 4.82 # # A aprt X (cm) # # Y (cm) # # PD (μsec) 0.544 PRF (Hz) 1312 p r @PII max (MPa) 3.79 d eq @Pll max (cm) FL x (cm) # # I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) 605 1 2 3 4 MB FL y (cm) # # Nrv Res 2.0 cm N/A 5 (a) <1 (b) # / TIC 207
10-27L38xi/L38xi Armored M M.I. TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB 1.5 (a) 1.2 (b) p r.3 (MPa) 3.54 W 0 (mw) # 37.1 # [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) 0.90 z@pii.3max (cm) 1.0 d eq (Z sp ) (cm) 0.49 F c (MHz) 5.76 # 5.20 # A aprt X (cm) # 1.86 # Y (cm) # 0.40 # PD (μsec) 0.146 PRF (Hz) 1600 p r @PII max (MPa) 4.32 d eq @Pll max (cm) 0.49 FL x (cm) # # I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) 776 FL y (cm) # # 1 Art Art 2 Gen Pen 3 4.7 cm 7.3 cm (a) <1 (b) # / TIC 208
10-28L38xi/L38xi Armored / M.I. TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB 1.5 1.1 (b) p r.3 (MPa) 3.30 W 0 (mw) 49.0 # [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) z@pii.3max (cm) 0.8 d eq (Z sp ) (cm) F c (MHz) 4.82 483 # A aprt X (cm) 0.54 # Y (cm) 0.40 # PD (μsec) 0.544 PRF (Hz) 2190 p r @PII max (MPa) 3.79 d eq @Pll max (cm) FL x (cm) 1.50 # I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) 605 FL y (cm) 1.50 # 1 Art 2 CVD CVD 3 2D / /2.0 cm /3.1 cm 4 /PRF /393 /2315 5/ / / - (a) <1 (b) # / TIC 209
10-29L38xi/L38xi Armored M.I. TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB 1.3 2.6 3.7 (b) p r.3 (MPa) 2.59 W 0 (mw) 114.5 114.5 # [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) 1.20 z@pii.3max (cm) 0.7 d eq (Z sp ) (cm) 0.49 F c (MHz) 4.06 4.78 4.78 # A aprt X (cm) 1.86 1.86 # Y (cm) 0.40 0.40 # PD (μsec) 1.230 PRF (Hz) 1008 p r @PII max (MPa) 2.86 d eq @Pll max (cm) 0.46 FL x (cm) 5.54 # I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) 323 FL y (cm) 1.50 # 1 Art Nrv Nrv 2 1mm 1mm 1mm 3 0 7 7 4 PRF 1008 10417 10417 (a) <1 (b) # / TIC 210
10-30P10x / M.I. TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB (a) (a) 1.1 p r.3 (MPa) # W 0 (mw) # 42.2 [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) z@pii.3max (cm) # d eq (Z sp ) (cm) F c (MHz) # # 3.89 A aprt X (cm) # 0.99 Y (cm) # 0.70 PD (μsec) # PRF (Hz) # p r @PII max (MPa) # d eq @Pll max (cm) FL x (cm) # 6.74 I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) # 1 2 3 2D // 4 /PRF TIC FL y (cm) # 5.00 CVD / 8.9 cm/ /2033 5/ / - (a) <1 (b) # / 211
10-31P10x M.I. TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB 1.0 1.1 1.9 1.5 p r.3 (MPa) 1.92 W 0 (mw) 34.4 31.9 26.9 [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) 0.80 z@pii.3max (cm) 2.1 d eq (Z sp ) (cm) 0.31 F c (MHz) 3.87 6.86 3.84 3.86 A aprt X (cm) 0.99 0.42 0.22 Y (cm) 0.70 0.70 0.70 PD (μsec) 1.277 PRF (Hz) 1562 p r @PII max (MPa) 2.54 d eq @Pll max (cm) 0.24 FL x (cm) 6.74 0.92 I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) 200 TIC FL y (cm) 5.00 5.00 1 2 1 mm 7 mm 12 mm 1 mm 3 2 6 1 0 4 PRF 1562 1008 1953 15625 5 TDI (a) <1 (b) # / 212
10-32P10x M.I. TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB (a) (a) 1.8 1.7 p r.3 (MPa) # W 0 (mw) # 34.8 25.7 [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) 0.70 z@pii.3max (cm) # d eq (Z sp ) (cm) 0.36 F c (MHz) # # 4.00 4.00 A aprt X (cm) # 0.32 0.16 Y (cm) # 0.70 0.70 PD (μsec) # PRF (Hz) # p r @PII max (MPa) # d eq @Pll max (cm) 0.27 FL x (cm) # 0.92 I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) # TIC FL y (cm) # 5.00 1 2 3 0 (a) <1 (b) # / 213
10-33rP19x/rP19x Armored M.I. TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB 1.5 1.0 2.7 p r.3 (MPa) 2.10 W 0 (mw) 96.1 177.8 [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) z@pii.3max (cm) 4.8 d eq (Z sp ) (cm) F c (MHz) 1.99 2.08 1.53 A aprt X (cm) 1.44 0.54 Y (cm) 1.15 1.15 PD (μsec) 0.492 PRF (Hz) 6186 p r @PII max (MPa) 2.92 d eq @Pll max (cm) FL x (cm) 6.43 1.55 I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) 184 FL y (cm) 9.00 9.00 1 2 Gen Res Pen 3 10 cm 10 cm 4.7 cm 4 MB/THI Off/Off Off/Off / 5 N/A N/A (a) <1 (b) # / TIC 214
10-34rP19x/rP19x Armored M M.I. TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB 1.5 (a) 1.7 1.0 p r.3 (MPa) 2.10 W 0 (mw) # 55.0 62.1 [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) 4.33 z@pii.3max (cm) 4.8 d eq (Z sp ) (cm) 0.43 F c (MHz) 1.99 # 1.81 1.77 A aprt X (cm) # 1.68 1.74 Y (cm) # 1.15 1.15 PD (μsec) 0.492 PRF (Hz) 800 p r @PII max (MPa) 2.92 d eq @Pll max (cm) 0.42 FL x (cm) # 9.82 I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) 184 FL y (cm) # 9.00 1 TCD 2 Gen Res Res 3 7.5 cm 10 cm 16 cm 4 THI (a) <1 (b) # / TIC 215
10-35rP19x/rP19x Armored / M.I. TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB 1.5 1.2 2.5 p r.3 (MPa) 2.10 W 0 (mw) 115.6 170.5 [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) z@pii.3max (cm) 4.8 d eq (Z sp ) (cm) F c (MHz) 1.99 2.14 2.12 A aprt X (cm) 0.78 1.80 Y (cm) 1.15 1.15 PD (μsec) 0.492 PRF (Hz) 505 p r @PII max (MPa) 2.92 d eq @Pll max (cm) FL x (cm) 3.68 9.82 I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) 184 FL y (cm) 9.00 9.00 1 TCD 2 /THI CVD/ CVD/ CVD/ 3 2D // / 10 cm/ / 7.5 cm/ TIC / 16 cm/ 4 /PRF /300 /3125 /5208 5/ / / / (a) <1 (b) # / 216
10-36rP19x/rP19x Armored M.I. TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB 1.3 1.8 4.0 3.9 p r.3 (MPa) 1.94 W 0 (mw) 240.2 251.1 [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) 173.7 z 1 (cm) 2.5 Z bp (cm) 2.5 Z sp (cm) 3.35 z@pii.3max (cm) 3.0 d eq (Z sp ) (cm) 0.80 F c (MHz) 2.14 2.23 2.23 2.10 A aprt X (cm) 1.86 1.80 1.80 Y (cm) 1.15 1.15 1.15 PD (μsec) 1.334 PRF (Hz) 1562 p r @PII max (MPa) 2.42 d eq @Pll max (cm) 0.62 FL x (cm) 29.82 18.46 I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) 180 FL y (cm) 9.00 9.00 1 2 1 mm 12 mm 12 mm 1mm 3 1 7 5 5 4 PRF 1562 Hz 1562 Hz 1562 Hz 3906 Hz 5 TDI (a) <1 (b) # / TIC 217
10-37rP19x/rP19x Armored M.I. TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB (a) 1.2 4.0 4.0 p r.3 (MPa) # W 0 (mw) 125.4 125.4 125.4 [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) 0.90 z@pii.3max (cm) # d eq (Z sp ) (cm) 0.64 F c (MHz) # 2.00 2.00 2.00 A aprt X (cm) 0.42 0.42 0.42 Y (cm) 1.15 1.15 1.15 PD (μsec) # PRF (Hz) # p r @PII max (MPa) # d eq @Pll max (cm) 0.61 FL x (cm) 1.55 1.55 I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) # TIC FL y (cm) 9.00 9.00 1 2 0 0 0 (a) <1 (b) # / 218
10-38TEExi M.I. TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB (a) (a) 1.4 (b) p r.3 (MPa) # W 0 (mw) # 35.8 # [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) 2.57 z@pii.3max (cm) # d eq (Z sp ) (cm) 0.29 F c (MHz) # # 3.81 # A aprt X (cm) # 0.90 # Y (cm) # 0.90 # PD (μsec) # PRF (Hz) # p r @PII max (MPa) # d eq @Pll max (cm) 0.28 FL x (cm) # # I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) # 1 2 FL y (cm) # # 1mm 3 3 4 PRF 2604 (a) <1 (b) # / TIC 219
10-39TEExi M.I. TIS A aprt <1 A aprt >1 TIB (a) (a) 1.7 (b) p r.3 (MPa) # W 0 (mw) # 34.4 # [W.3 (z 1 ),I TA.3 (z 1 )] (mw) z 1 (cm) Z bp (cm) Z sp (cm) 1.1 z@pii.3max (cm) # d eq (Z sp ) (cm) 0.34 F c (MHz) # # 4.00 # A aprt X (cm) # 0.43 # Y (cm) # 0.90 # PD (μsec) # PRF (Hz) # p r @PII max (MPa) # d eq @Pll max (cm) 0.34 FL x (cm) # # I PA.3 @MI max (W/cm 2 ) # 1 FL y (cm) # # 2 2 (a) <1 (b) # / TIC 220
Ispta.3 TI TI MI Ipa.3@MImax TIS TIB TIC Aaprt Pr.3 Wo W.3(z1) ISPTA.3(z1) z1 zbp zsp mw/cm 2 MI W/cm 2 TIS TIS TIB - cm 2 MI mw TIS scan z 1 mw z 1 / min(w.3 (z), I TA.3 (z) x 1 cm 2 )] z > zbp cm ( ) 1.69 Aaprt cm MI p r.3 TIB TIB z sp = z b.3 cm deq(z) z ( 4 ( π) )(( Wo) ( ITA( z) )), I TA (z) z cm fc Aaprt MHz (x) (y) cm 221
PD PRF p r @PIImax deq@piimax FL MI MI Hz (x) (y) Output Display Standard 6.4 % 95% Pr 1.9% +11.2% Pr.3 1.9% +12.2% Wo 3.4% +10% fc 0.1% +4.7% PII 3.2% +12.5-16.8% PII.3 3.2% +13.47-17.5% 222
Recommended Ultrasound Terminology, Third Edition (American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine AIUM) 2011 in situ LCD MI/TI NTSC PAL SonoHD2 SonoMB Steep Needle Profiling bone thermal index, TIB (MI) (ALARA) cranial bone thermal index, TIC (skinline) (MI) (TI) (National Television Standards Committee) PAL NTSC 2D 2D 2D 2D MI MI 10 / 223
(TI) soft tissue thermal index, TIS (phased array transducer) 1 C TI 10 1538.5 / C (60) rc60xi L (38) L38xi rp19x 224
11-1 +/ "+" /" " A A PG A2Cd A2Cs A4Cd A4Cs AAA AAo abs AC ACA ACC ACoA ACS Adur AFI AI AI PHT AL Ann D ANT F ANT N Ao "A" "A" "A" 225
11-1 AoD Apical APTD AT AUA AV AV AVA BA Bifur BP BPD BPM Bre BSA CCA CI CM CO CPD CRL CW CxLen D AUA OB 226
11-1 DCCA DECA DICA Dist dp:dt E E PG E:A E/e' ECA ECG ECICA ECVA EDD EDD by AUA EDD by LMP EDV EF EF:SLOPE EFW Endo Epi : "E" "E" E-A E = E e' LMP E-F EFW EFW 227
11-1 EPSS Estab.DD ET FH FHR FL FM FS FTA GA GA by LMP GA by LMPd GS Gyn HC HL HR ICA IVC IVRT IVS IVSd IVSFT "E" LMP LMPd SO (LMP) Estab. DD (LMPd) 228
11-1 IVSs LA LA/Ao LAT F LAT N Lat V LMP LMP LMPd LV LV LV LV Volume LVd LVD LVDd LVDFS LVDs LVEDV LVESV LVET LVO LVOT LVOT / EDD Estab. DD 229
11-1 LVOT D LVOT VTI LVPW LVPWd LVPWFT LVPWs LVs MB MCA MCCA MECA MI MICA Mid MM MR PISA MR/VTI Msk MV MV MV MV MV/VTI MV MVA SonoMB M / / 230
11-1 MV ERO MV PISA Neo Nrv NST NTSC OA OB OFD Oph P. PAL PCAp PCCA PCoA PECA PGmax PGmean PGr PHT PI PICA PISA Plaq POST F 231
11-1 POST N PRF Prox PSV PV PW Qp/Qs RA ( ) RI RVD RVDd RVDs RVOT D RVOT VTI RVSP RVW RVWd RVWs S S/D SI SM SmP SO Sup SonoHD / 232
11-1 SV TAM TAP TAPSE TCD TDI THI TI TICA TO M TRmax ( ) TT TTD TV TVA UA Umb A VA VArty Vas VF Vmax Vmean Vol 233
11-1 VTI YS 234
Edge II 20183230073 20183230073 1 B 5 / FUJIFILM SonoSite, Inc. 21919 30th Drive SE, Bothell, Washington, 98021, United States 21919 30th Drive SE, Bothell, Washington, 98021, United States 888 482-9449 425 951-1201 68 2801 021-5010 6000 400 820 5442
P20529-05 *P20529-05*