TOKAMAK

1.. 3. 4.

1.TOKAMAK ITER----- TOKAMAK 016 D-T

1. MHD ne,te). (ne 3. 4. 5.

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1958 ( 1916 ) 19606 ( 19619)

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1958 1960 1965 --

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1958 1960 1965 -- 1967 10 ( 1997. 1997,

Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation Laser 0,,,

1... Λ

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1 --- 3 4 5 6 7

e c ( t) = Ac cos( ω ct + ϕc )

Q Q

Q 10 9 ~ 10 1 W

A r A = A e 0 r / ω

x d = [ d d 1/ 0 + (4λ / π )( x / 0 )]

f d1d 1 1 ) ( 1 ) (1 1 1 λ πd f f l d d + = Z1Z ]} )) /( ( ) /[( ){ ( 1 ' λ πd f l f f l f l + =

m c c m c ν ν ν ν ν ν + = ) ( qc nl / = ν CO YAG ν ν α = = L L T

D-H T-H 3 + + +4Mev (4 1 : 1 10

50 TammSakharov TOKAMAK 1968Artsimovich T-3 1keV 1969 Pease T-3, T-3

ITER Thomson Scattering (Core)* Te,ne Thomson Scattering (Edge) Te,ne Thomson Scattering (X- Point) Te,ne Thomson Scattering (Divertor) Te,ne Toroidal Interferometric/ Polarimetric System* ne Polarimetric System (Pol. Magnetic Field Meas.) B Collective Scattering System ne( ) Laser Induced Fluorescence He

v E S dr V 3 v v n( r, t)exp[ i( K i v K S ) r] K=K S -K i K i dump K S K De P s v E s = v E sj j + j l v E sj v E sl Laser beam

ω ω θ d k S L n P r P e e s = ), ( sin 0 + + + + + = + = ) 1 1 1 1 1 ) ( ) ( ) ( 4 i e i e T T Z Z k S k S k S α α α α ω θ πλ λ θ λ λ α 1 0 1/ 0 4 sin 4 / ) ( ) / sin( 10 1.08 1 D e e D T n k = = ) 1/ 4 / ( e n kt e e D π λ =

α ( kλ D ) 1 << 1 α 1 λ θ kt e 1 = 4λ0 sin [ ln ] mec ω = 1 / θ kt i 4ω 0 sin m c i 1 ln

,,,.

t=.56sec 10 Thomson Signal Intensity (A.U.) 100 1000 8 800 6 600 4 400 n e (x10 19 m - 3 ) 00 0 0 0 0.5 1 ρ t=1.06sec 1000 10 Thomson Signal Intensity (A.U.) 800 8 600 6 400 4 n e (x10 19 m - 3 ) 00 0 0 0 0.5 1 ρ

,,, :

N X( 1 X) = 1 1 1 1 X Y sin θ ± [( Y sin θ) + ( 1 X) Y cos θ] / 1 1/ = p ce ω p = ( nee / ε 0me ) X ω / ω, Y = ω / ω ωce = eb / m e N = 1 x = 1 ω p / ω O N X (1 X ) ω p = 1 = 1 ( ω ω ) /( ) p ω ω p ω E ce 1 X Y ω

O 1/ )] / ( 1 [ c n e n N = = 1 ) ( )] /(4 [ 0 Z Z e e dz Z n m c e ε π λ φ = = 1 ) ( 8 ) /( 0 Z Z e e dz Z n m c e F ε π λ π φ

x = acos( ωt φ) x b cosω t R = ( x+ x ) = a cos ( ωt φ) + b cos ωt+ ab[cos( ωt φ) + cos φ] R ab cosφ

ω = ( ω / c)(πρm sin β ) S R = a b cosϕ S = abcos( φ + ϕ) ϕ = ωt

N X = 1 1 Y ± XY 1 Y X = 1 1± Y = 1 ( ω / ω )[ ω /( ω ± ω p ce )]

Faraday Ψ Linearly Polarized EM wave E k E n e B z Ψ=.6 10 13 λ n e B z dz n R n L Φ=.8 10 15 λ n e dz n R + n L

Faraday R-wave ω 1 E R = E R cos(ω 1 t k R z) Plasmas L-wave ω E L = E L cos(ω t k L z) mixer j ~(E R + E L ) ~ E R E L cos[(ω 1 ω )t (k R k L )z]+.. ω 1 ~ ω >> ω pe,ω ce >> ω 1 ω k L k R = ω c (N L N R ) = ω peω ce cω ~ n e B z

nedl 1.6 1. 0.8 0.4 0.0 0 10 0 30 40 Time (ms) 50 60 ne1 ne ne3 ne4 ne5 ne6 70 Faraday Rotation (deg.) 4 0-4 0 0 40 Time (ms) s1010330036 60-3 cm -17-13 8 43 80 nedl 1.6 1. 0.8 0.4 0.0 0 10 0 30 40 Time (ms) 50 60 ne7 ne8 ne9 ne10 ne11 70 Faraday Rotation (deg.) 4 0-4 0 0 40 Time (ms) 60-4 cm -9 6 1 36 80

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HCN HCN - 11 1 0 J=11 04 0 0 J=10 = 311.08 m 11 1 0 J=10 04 0 0 J=0 = 336.83 m -HV 10kV/A P LaB6 F-P KF KF 5 Gas inlet 16 8/ HCN 004.1 dengzc CH4+N+He KF 6 He KF 16 ( (,,, )

1.0 M5 M4 M5X1 M4 M4 M5 M475 M5 M6 M5 M3 M5 M5 M6 M3 M5M3 M4 M5M6 M4 6 M5X16 M4 M5X16 M5X16 M5 M3 M6 M5 M3 75 M4 M6 M4 M5X16 M5 M5X1M 3 M3 M6 75 M3M3 6 M3M3 M6 M5 M4 M4 M4 M4M4 M4M4 M4 M4 M4 M8 M8 M6 M6 M6 M6 SPE CTRUM A NALYZ ER Asy-15 Asy-15 Asy-15 M5 M5 M5 M5 M5 M5 M4 M4 M4 M6 M4 M4 Asy-139 M6 M4 M6 M 4 M4 M6 M6 11.69 Beam3 Beam Beam1 Detection optics area CO /YAG two color laser interferometer on LHD Port3 Port Port1 Local beam PM PM f=1300 f=100 SM f=400 PM; Off axis parabolic mirror SM; Spherical mirror SL; Spherical lens BS; Beam splitter BC; Beam combiner f; Focal length in mm Probe beam BS PM f=15 YAG APD Detector Plane SL f=550 BC Vertical s lab beams Probe beam CO MCT Detector Plane Detection Layout Local beam CO 0 ) YAG laser M3 CO laser Spectrometer Local FIR I nterferometer housing YAG AOM SM f=50 YAG BS SM f=750 SL f=-1000 SL f=-150 BS Tranmission Layout BC BC BS CO AOM HeNe

Laser,detector and every optics are place on vibration protected stand. 8W CO (10.6µm) and 0.5W YAG (1.06µm) are used. Two 3 ch LN coled HgCdTe detector array for CO and APD for YAG are used. n e (x10 19 m -3 ) 6 5 4 3 1 0 0.80 0.70 0.60 t(sec) Shot#6115 0.50 0.40 0.30 3. 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.0 4. 4.4 R(m)

λ/ Plate 3-Wave Polarimeter Reference Mixer Lens ω Probe Beams ω 1 ω Polarizer Signal Mixer ω 1 ω 3 FIR LASER λ/4 Plate L.O. Beam Beam Splitter Plasma Lens Ψ=c F n e B z dz Φ=c n n e dz

Refraction problem due to plasma density gradient sets the long wavelength limit α m = sin 1 n ( n o c ) n n o c = 8.97 10 16 n oλ

Cotton-Mouton