% di a U a = e a + i a R a + L a dt } T = T + J dω dt U a e a i a R a L a T - 3 T J ω e a = C e Φn 2 T = C T Φi a C e C T Φ n a Φ M

Transcription

1 Electri c Machines and Control Vol. 9 No. 8 Aug DOI /j. emc TP 37 A 7-449X Study on properties of armature current for micro DC motors and multiple features of fault diagnosis XIE Zhi-ping 2 WU Wei HONG Jian-feng. School of Physics and Mechanical & Electrical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 365China 2. School of Mechanical & Electrical EngineeringGuizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 55China Abstract A fault diagnostic model for the micro direct-current motor MDCM was presentedwhich is used to solve the problem that MDCMs can't be automatically inspected on the production line. The method was based on multiple features of the armature current. The analytical expression for the armature current was obtained from the dynamic model of MDCM under no-load and steady-state operation conditions. The multiple features based on the armature current were confirmed. The experiments on several motors with the representative failures were studied. The time-frequency domain features of the current for the MDCM were analyzed. The fault mechanism were analyzed by using the multiple features mentioned a- bove. The experimental results show that the relative changes of the multiple features in different fault cases are different and the multiple features can be utilized as the fault diagnostic indices. Keywords micro direct-current motors fault diagnosis armature current multiple features spectrum a- nalysis H626 KY

2 % di a U a = e a + i a R a + L a dt } T = T + J dω dt U a e a i a R a L a T - 3 T J ω e a = C e Φn 2 T = C T Φi a C e C T Φ n a Φ M. A. Awadallah min Φ max 9 4 b Φ M. Hajiaghajani Φ = Φ + Φ m sinωt Luis J. de Miguel 2 ω = πckpn 3 5 A. Soualhi Φ Φ m k p c k c = k c = 2 dω ( = dt ) ~ 5 i a = C e - R a L t a + I a + I am sin ( πckpnt + φa 3 ) 6 I a = U a - C e nφ R a C e nφ m I am = R 2 a + 9 π2 c 2 k 2 p 2 n 2 L 2 a 槡

3 8 9 φ a = arctg - πckpnl a 3R a C 6 i Δ t = I aδ + I amδ sin ( πckp n + Δn t 3 Fig. 椎 max 椎兹 椎 min 电枢线圈 N S (a) 直流微电机结构示意 仔 /2 3 仔 /2 5 仔 /2 7 仔 /2 棕 t (b) 磁通量变化图 Graphical representation of the MDCM f m P f A 4 6 P DC = F I a + I a [ ΔRa R a ] 3 i a = I a + I am sin( πckpnt + φa 3 ) 7 f m = ckp n + Δn 6 4 P f = F I am + I am [ ( ΔR R a + a I am ΔL a L a ) sin ( + Δn t + φ a 3 ) ] AD i n i n A = F i n 5 6 i t ( ) R a = R a + ΔR a } L a = L a + ΔL a n = n + Δn 9 9 8φ a I aδ = I a + I a R a ΔR a + φ a ) I amδ = I am + I am R a ΔR a + I am L a ΔL a. 2 FFT + i n i t FFT F i t = F i a +F i n [ ] F i Δ t = F I a + I a ΔR R a ( a + F I am + I am [ ΔR R a + a I am ΔL L a ) sin F i n a ( πckp n + Δn t 3 + φ a ) ] + 2 P DC 2 i t = I a + I am sin πckpnt + φa + i 3 n 8 2. R a = R a L a = L a n = n 2 ΔR a ΔL a Δn A /D 5V R 2Ω A /D Matlab FFT

4 9 5V DC i(t) Fig. 2 M R 2 空载 时域波形分析频域分析 前置放大低通滤波 A/D 转换 数据分析 MATLAB/FFT 变换 Overall system block diagram Table Parameters of MDCM /V 5. DC /V. 5 ~ 9. DC /N m. 5 / r / min /ma 6 5 ± 65 5 max e Hz 24 4 Hz 2 Table 2 Fault types and injection methods 4. AS WG MD 62 5% a - 3 b ~ e 3 b 3 c 2 3 d 4 4 Hz 64 Hz 5 f = ckpn /6 5 4 ~ 6 7 r /min S f Hz f Hz 2 f m Hz f m 8 P DC P f

5 8 6 2 峰 - 峰值不同正弦分量峰 - 峰值 6 2 峰 - 峰值不同 8 4 直流分量 (a) 良品电视 (b) 极间阻搞差异 开路线圈单独成一支路 (c) 绕组线圈开路 (d) 磁铁回路异常 (e) 电刷极间短路 Fig. 3 3 Waveform of armature current for the MDCM P DC=898 f m=64,p fm = Fig. 4 4 频率 /Hz 5 移 i=,i f m/4 A= P i=754 Amplitude spectrum curve of the healthy MDCM P DC f m P f A P DC Hz 2 f m Hz 3 P f f m 4 4 A A = k P i f m i = i f m /4 2 P i 3 k 4 f m

6 2 9 A 8 OK ~ OK8 3 8 P DC P f A OK OK OK OK OK OK OK P DC=985 f m=6,p fm = 频率 /Hz Table 3 Multiple features of armature current for the healthy MDCM 5 Fig. 5 Amplitude spectrum curve of P DC f m /Hz P f A the MDCM for AS OK Table 5 The multiple features of armature current for WG motor 4. 2 P DC f m /Hz P f A WG WG WG WG % 2 WG WG WG7 688 AS ~ AS WG8 AS P DC=757 5 f m=6,p fm =23 A= 移 P i=776 i=,i f m/4 4 Table 4 Multiple features of armature current for AS motor P DC f m /Hz P f A AS 频率 /Hz AS AS Fig. 6 Amplitude spectrum curve of the MDCM for WG AS AS AS AS P f AS 移 i=,i f m/4 A= P i= WG ~ WG8 8 WG 5 6

7 8 3 R a 8 P DC= f m=,p fm = A= 移 P i= i=,i f m/ 频率 /Hz 8 8 MD ~ MD8 8 Fig. 8 Amplitude spectrum curve of the MDCM for S MD ε i 6 ε i = m i - m hi i = P Table 6 Multiple features of armature current m DC f m P f A hi 7 for MD motor m i i P DC f m /Hz P f A m hi i MD MD MD Table 7 Relative changes of multiple features MD for the faulty motor MD MD MD MD ε PDC ε fm ε Pf ε A AS WG MD S P DC= 直流分量 f m=28,p fm =47 A= 移 P i=82 i=,i f m/4 2. 主频点 主频点. 带外谱面积 频率 /Hz AS WG MD S Fig. 7 Amplitude spectrum curve of the MDCM for MD 9 Fig. 9 Relative changes of multiple features for the faulty motor P DC f m P f A AS 3 8 P DC ε A

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