BridgeConstruction 2013,43(5) 6 2.2,19,, 1826,,, 19,, 2 2.1,,,1939 : 4 (1)1824~1875, ( ),1940 1, (2)1875~1900,,,, (3)1900~ ,,,,1952 ACI,,,,,,

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1 : (2013) ( 222) BridgeConstruction,Vol.43,No.5,2013 (TotalyNo.222) 5 刘钊 1,2 (1., , ) : 从混凝土桥梁的历史演进中探讨其发展方向回顾混凝土桥梁自诞生以来的技术与理论进展, 将其划分为萌芽初创成长普及与发展 4 个阶段同时简述我国混凝土桥梁的发展历程, 并指出当前在施工设计和科研中存在的粗放和轻视现象在此基础上, 探讨混凝土桥梁值得关注的研究与发展方向, 包括 : 原材料的基本性能概念设计与计算机分析 B 区和 D 区的设计方法疲劳损伤工业化制造技术耐久性新型混凝土材料以及符合可持续发展主题的混凝土桥梁设计理念 : 混凝土桥技术理论 D 区设计疲劳快速施工可持续发展 :U448.34U :A HistoricalReviewandDevelopmentConcernofConcreteBridges LIU Zhao 1,2 (1.SchoolofCivilEngineering,SoutheastUniversity,Nanjing210096,China2.KeyLaboratoryofConcrete andprestressedconcretestructuresofministryofeducation,southeastuniversity,nanjing210096,china) Abstract:Thedevelopmenttrendofconcretebridgesisanticipatedfromthehistoricalevolu- tionofthebridges.thetechnologicalandtheoreticdevelopmentsincethebeginningofthebridg- esisreviewedandthedevelopmentofthebridgesisdividedinto4periodsfromtheearlybegin- ning,preliminaryformation,growing-uptothepopularizationandpresentdevelopment.mean- while,thedevelopmenthistoryofthebridgesinchinaisbrieflypresentedandthephenomenaof extensive managementandcasualatitudetowardtheconstruction,designandresearchofthe bridgesinthecountryarepointedout.furthertothereviewandpresentation,theresearchand developmenttrendofthebridgesdeservingconcernarestudied,inwhichthebasicperformanceof materials,theconceptualdesign,computationalanalysis,design methodsforb-andd-regions, fatiguedamage,industrialized manufacturingtechnologies,durability,nextgenerationofcon- cretematerialsandthedesignphilosophyofthebridgesmeetingthesustainabledevelopmentare covered. Keywords:concretebridgetechnologytheoryD-regiondesignfatigueacceleratedcon- structionsustainabledevelopment 1 [1,2],, 90% [1],,, : : ( ) ProjectofNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina( ) :,, mr.liuzhao@seu.edu.cn :

2 BridgeConstruction 2013,43(5) 6 2.2,19,, 1826,,, 19,, 2 2.1,,,1939 : 4 (1)1824~1875, ( ),1940 1, (2)1875~1900,,,, (3)1900~ ,,,,1952 ACI,,,,,,, 1963 ACI,, ACI, 1900,,, (4)1950,,,,,,,20 80, D,,,,1962 (Mara-, caibo) (Brotonne), [3] 1980 (Ganter), ,,

3 7 (1) 1824~1875 (2) 1875~1900 (3) 1900~ Tab.1 TechnologicalandTheoreticDevelopmentofConcreteBridges / / / (J.Aspdin) 1826, (C-L Navier) ( / (J.Monier) ),, 1 T -1892/ (F.Hennebique), (F.Hennebique) / (J.Me- lan), / (E.Freyssi , (W.Riter)(E. net), M rsch) /(F.Disch- inger) , 3 (R.Mailart), , (P.Abeles) /, , / (G.Magnel) 1948, / , (R.Moorman) (Finsterwalders) 2 / (J.Muler) (4) , (T.Y.Lin), , (J.Schlaich) (J.Breen) B D, D / (F.Leo- hardt) [4], 20 50,60,T,,200 m, T,T ,,,,,, , m 180m, (1),,,, m,1997, 270m,,,,, T, 10 -,,,,

4 BridgeConstruction 2013,43(5) 8,,,, 4,,, 4.1 2,, [3],,,, (JTJ023-85), CEB-FIP78,,, 2004 (JTG D ) CEB, [3,6] -FIP90,,,, 4.3 B D,,,, 20 80,, (1000h),, D 20, 80, (1) B D,, ASTM A MPa, (Strut-and-tiemodel)D [8] 200, 400 /,,AASHTO Eurocode [9], 100h 1000h ( 2.5%), 1000h 4.4,,,,,, [5],, 3~5,,,,,,, [7] B D,B,, Eurocode2 [9] 4.2,

5 9 1 D Fig.1 D-RegionsinaConcreteBridge,, (Acceler-, atedbridgeconstruction),, (1980) (1986), (1997),,,, [10], 7000t 2,,,,, 4.6,,, 4.5,,,, - -, 30,,,, 2 Fig.2 ViewofConstructionofConfederationBridge

6 BridgeConstruction 2013,43(5) 10,,, T,,,,, 2, (3),1997, RPC (4) [11],, (EngineeredCementitiousComposites,ECC) [12],, 2% (PVA PE ) 3%,,2005 ECC - 3, Fig.3 InspectionAccesatBearingunderaContinuousGirder,, 4 Fig.4 ExternalPrestresingStrands, 4.7 (FIB) ModelCode(2010) (HPC) [14],,,,,,, 5 (ReactivePowderConcrete,RPC) 20 90, (FRP),, 4.8,,,,,,, [1],,1992 (NationalBridge Inventory) [13], 46 ( 10 ),, : 200,

7 , PC Girder Bridges[J].Bridge Construction,2010,,, (1):40-44.inChinese) [7], SchlaichJ,Sch ferk,jennewein M.TowardaCon- sistentdesignofstructuralconcrete[j].pcijournal, (FHWA) 1987,32(3): , [8] AASHTO LRFD,BridgeDesignSpecifications (4th 20 (Long-Term Edition)[S]. BridgePerformanceProgram), [9] BSEN1992,Eurocode2:DesignofConcreteStruc-, tures[s]., [10] Virlogeux M.New Trendsin Prestressed Concrete [15], Bridges[J].StructuralConcrete,2002,3(2):67-, 97. [11] BlaisPY,ContureM.PrecastPrestressedPedestri- an Bridge-World s First Reactive Powder Concrete Structure[J].PCIJournal,1999,(5): (References): [12] LiV C.EngineeredCementitiousComposites(ECC)- Material,Structural,andDurabilityPerformance,in [1]. [J]. ConcreteConstruction Engineering Handbook[M].,2000,(4): UK:CRCPress,2008. (ZHOU Lü.A HistoricalReviewandState-of-Artof [13] KimS-M,HatfieldC A.PerformanceofSteel,Con- DurabilityofBridgeStructures[J].BridgeConstruc- crete,prestressedconcreteandtimberbridges[c]// tion,2000,(4):58-61.inchinese) Proceedingsof4thInternationalConferenceonShort [2] BreenJE.PrestressedConcrete:TheStateoftheArt and MediumSpanBridges.Montreal:CurranAssoci- innorthamerica[j].pcijournal,1990,(6):62- ates,inc,1994: [14] Fib ModelCode2010[S]. [3]. ( )[M]. : [15] USDepartmentofTransportation,FederalHighway,2010. Administration.LTBP Long-Term BridgePerform- (LIU Zhao.ConceptualDesignandAnalyticalTheory ance Program [EB/OL]. [ ]. htp:// ofbridges(volumei)[m].beijing:chinacommuni- cationspress,2010.inchinese) structure/structures/ltbp/. [4],. [M]. :,2012. aldurabilitydesignforconcretebridges[m].beijing: (JILin,LIU Zhao.CrackingResistanceandStructur- ChinaCommunicationsPress,2012.inChinese) [5] Ba antzp,yuq.relaxationofprestressingsteelat VaryingStrainandTemperature:ViscoplasticConsti- tutiverelation[j].journalofengineering Mechanics, ASCE,2013,139 (7): LIU Zhao [6],,,. [J].,2010,(1): (LIU Zhao,DAI Wei, HE Zhi-qi,etal.Design MethodforRationalCompletionStatusofLongSpan 1964-,, 1984, 1987, 2001, : mr.liuzhao@seu.edu.cn 11 ( :)

吴窑镇—联心路—目录.doc

吴窑镇—联心路—目录.doc 序号图表名称图表编号道路部分 1 设计说明 S1-1 6 2 路基标准横断面 S1-2 1 3 一般路基设计图 S1-3 1 4 路面结构图 S1-4 1 5 混凝土板块划分及板内钢筋布置图 S1-5 3 6 路基路面工程数量表 S1-6 1 7 路基防护工程设计图 S1-7