JOURNAL OF OCEAN TECHNOLOGY Vol. 35,No.1 Feb,2016 doi: /j.issn ,, (, ) : 20 60, 50, (SWRO),,,,, : ;

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1 JOURNAL OF OCEAN TECHNOLOGY Vol. 35,No.1 Feb,2016 doi: /j.issn ,, (, ) : 20 60, 50, (SWRO),,,,, : ; ; ; ; :P747;TQ028.8 :A : (2016) SWRO ED 1960 堦

2 35 RO 1970 MPa mg/l NaCl 1990 RO 99.4%~99.7% 20~30 L/m 2 h [3] SWRO ~0.2 μm m 3 /d m 3 /d m 3 /d m 3 /d m 3 /d 60% SWRO mg/l NaCl EDI 99.8% 40 L/m 2 h [4] ph [5-6] μm 50 μm SWRO [1] 5.52 MPa [7-8] 2 [9-10] m-pda [2] TMC Loeb Sourirajan 1960 IPC TPC 5- - CFIC 5- - CA ICIC 3,4,5 BTRC 3,3,5,5 0.1~0.2 mm (BTEC) 0.2 μm PPD 2,4- m-mpda 3 (SMPD) 3,3' p,p 2 DDM [11-13] CA-CTA 10.2

3 1,: [26-28] 3 SPES-NH2 PVA PVAm PAA PEG PEMAEMA PSVBP ph MTAC -(CH 2 CH 2 O)N- PAO [14-15] [29-36] 1 / ph CSA / TEA tetramethylguanidine / Toluene sulfonic acid HMPA [37-38] MPD 1 / TFN TMC 2007 UCLA Hoek [16-17] UCR Yan 2 /, (TBP) (TPP) [18] [39-40] TFN 4 / 1 PVA PEG [41-45] CS [19-24] TFN PEI TiO 2 [25] [46-48] 2 AQPs 3 nm 2 2 [49-50] Zhao TFC NaCl [24] 97% 4 L/m 2 h bar 10 mm NaCl, 5 bar BW30 SW30HR

4 35 [51] 40%1 4 inch 8 inch 16~18 inch 8 inch 准 203 mm mm [52] Saeki mg/l 5.5 MPa 25 8%~10% 30 m 3 [55-56] /d 99.8% GA : 0.15 MPa NTR-7450 NaCl 97% L/m 2 MPa-1 [57] [53] DuPont B Toyobo SWRO 3 kwh/m 3 Hollosep CTA 4 kwh/m SWRO 1.58 kwh/m 3 :, 80% [54] < 80 m 3 h -1 85% 220 m 3 h -1 75%~85% : 80~220 m 3 h -1 65%~80%

5 1,: < 95 m 3 h -1 70% 10~70 m 3 h -1 50%~75% SWRO 5.0~6.0 MPa 4.8~5.8 MPa 40% 60% MF UF MF UF / RO 20% RO [61-62] ( ) 35%~70% RO 99.2% SWRO 90% RO 30%~35% [63] Calder AG Pehon Wheel Pump Ginard Francis 50%~70% SWRO 5.5 MPa 8.0 Grundfos 35% 50% BMET PEI Hy- draulic Turbo charger 65%~80% Calder.AG [63] DWEER KSB SalTec DT SiemagTransplan PES ERI 1997 PX PX 60% [59-60] DWEER SWRO SWRO PX [64] 95% [47] 20~40 mg/l [64] SWRO 4 NF RO NF

6 35 [67] RO RO RO RO RO 6 RO RO 2SWRO MSF MED SWRO MSF Fujeirah MSF m 3 /d SWRO m 3 /d 3NF SWRO MSF/ LT-MED Young M. Kim, et. al. Ca 2+ Mg 2+ HCO % SO 4 90% SWRO MSF [68-69] LT-MED NF 60%RO RO 80%MSF MSF [65] NF RO 4SWRO ED , m 3 /d ED SWRO EDR SWRO EDR [66] mg/l 5 [71] FO 200~300 mg/l ph ph [72]

7 1,: SWRO SWRO SWRO 3 kwh/m 3 1 t [72] 1 kg 2 kg CO 2 1 SWRO 40%, 60% 2 CO 2 Ca(OH) 2 ) NaHCO 3 ) Na 2 CO 3 CaCl 2 ) [76-80] [72] mg/l - [82-83] [73-74] ~500 mg/l [84-86] [75] 200 g/l 150 EDI kw h 30 [87-88] 1~18 MΩ cm

8 35 [89] [91-93] [89] [89] t/d t/d [94] [90] 500 t U L Large Scale : m 3 /d Low Energy 4 kwh/m 3 Low Fouling SDI SDI [89] 1.6 In S Kim HYUSUNG

9 1,: (MSF MED VC) 200 (RO) SWRO SWRO inch 18 inch 50 [95] RO MED [1] 50 1 m m % 3 [97] 140 SWRO RO 21 RO RO 8 5 [98] PRO 3 SWRO [96] [99-106] 60

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14 35 Recent Development and Prospect of Seawater Reverse Osmosis Desalination Technology GAO Cong-jie, ZHOU Yong, LIU Li-fen Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou , Zhejiang Province, China Abstract:The reverse osmosis (RO) membrane technology achieved breakthrough progress in the 1960s, resulting in fast development of seawater reverse osmosis desalination over the past half century. The world's desalination capacity has been rapidly increasing since Seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination has become a novel process for producing drinking water from seawater with the lowest investments and costs. This paper systematically reviews the development status of SWRO technology, such as improvement in membrane performance and related element structure, efficiency enhancement of high pressure pumps and energy recovery devices (ERD), unceasing development of technical processes including pretreatment and post-treatment, as well as impacts on the environment and related countermeasures. The development of RO technology has also promoted the progress of other membrane separation processes and extended their application fields. In the near future, it can be predicted that the membrane -based technologies will play an increasingly prominent role in seawater desalination and water reuse, augmentation and protection of water resources, cicular economy, clean production, traditional industry updating, energy conservation and emission reduction as well as enhancement of people's living standards. Key words:seawater desalination; reverse osmosis membrane, reverse osmosis technology; energy recovery; environmental impacts

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