1 BAIBAL THUANTHU ( BIBLIOLOGY) ХρІЅΤОЅ ό θέοѕ A SUNGTHU: PART I. THU HMAIHRUAI PART II: BAIBAL CATHIANG AN POMDAN TLANGPI PART III: BAIBLA FINGKHAWI

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1 1 BAIBAL THUANTHU ( BIBLIOLOGY) ХρІЅΤОЅ ό θέοѕ A SUNGTHU: PART I. THU HMAIHRUAI PART II: BAIBAL CATHIANG AN POMDAN TLANGPI PART III: BAIBLA FINGKHAWI DAN PART IV: THUTHUANGHLIM CABU HMAISA (ORGINAL TEXT) PAWL PART V. APOCRAPHA: (HIDDEN) PART VI: THUTHIANGHLIM KENKAWH DAN LE FINKHAWM DAN

2 2 Baibal hi: PART I. THUHMAIHRUAI Bezai (Poetical) Cabu 5 pawl : Job, Sam, Thufim, Thusimtu, le Solomon Hla Kumsang (Prophet) 17 cabu pawl: Isaiah, Jeremiah, Tah Hla, Ezekiel, Daniel, Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi. Thuthlungthar: Thuthangtha, buli 4, A thlahmi pawl tla ih tuahnak bu 1, cakuat bu 21, le Thupuan bu 1.. Thuthanghta buli: Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John, Cakuat bu 21: Romans, 1 Corinthians, 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, 1 Thessalonians, 2 Thessalonians, 1 Timothy, 2 Timothy, Titus, Philemon, Hebrews, James, 1 Peter, 2 Peter, 1 John, 2 John, 3 John, and Jude. Bible thutawi dang: Bung zaten: 1189, A hlun-bung 929, a thar-bung 260 A saubik bung: Sam 119; A tawibik bung-sam 117. A saubik cang: Esther 8:9; A tawibik cang: John 11:35. Bible ngandan: : Kum 1500 a rei, ( 1400 B.C ihsin A.D. 100); milai san, thlah 40 lenglo a rei, ; ngantu 40 lenglo an tel (Cupawl cu, Siangpahrang, lothlo, philospher, nga-kaitu, bezai ngan thiam, cozah hantuan upa, mifim filawr, tvp. An si.) BAIBAL IN ZIANG IN NEIHTER Pathian in amai duhnak vekin ziangkim a sersiamih a sersiammi pawl hnenah amai thu hla theihternakah hman-rua nei in a theihter hai. Pathian in a sersiammi pawl hnenah a theihter awknak thu sung ihsin milai in anmah sersiamtu Pathian cu zo asi, ziangtin khua a khangih ziangvekin hna a tuan ti an theih tlunah milai cu ziangtivekin nung ding le tlang leng dingah sersiam an si ti theihtheinak a thu sungah a um. Cun, hmailamah a ra thleng lai ding thu thawn peh aw in in sim cia mi khal a um. Curuangah himi pawl kan theihfiang tikah a hnuai lamih thusutnak pawl hi Pathian thu vekin kan sang thei ding. 1. Ziangkim sersiammi ih hram thawhnak (Ziangtin ziangruangah hi tawk ah ka um?) 2. Pathian mizia ( I sersiamtu cu zo asi?) 3. Nunnakih san (Ziangruangah hi tawkah ka um?) 4. Ka thlarau in ziang man a nei (Ziangruangah man ka nei?) 5. Thiltha lole milai tuarnak thu (Leitlunah ziangruangah sual le naa tuarnak pawl a um?) 6. Bulpak nun diriamternak (Zo in kei I ngaihven?) 7. Thuanthu cu zuangtin a cangih hmailamah ziang a cang ding? (Thuanthu hi khui tawk ihsin ziang/khuilam pan in a feh ih keiteh ziangtin ka tel ve?) 8. Rundamnak lamzin (Ziangtin keimah bulpak cu rundam ka si ding?) 9. Lungawinak hrampi (Ziangtin ka lung a awi thei ding, ruahsannak, le hnangamnak teh ziangtin ka nei thei ding?) 10. Tisa in kan thih hnu ah ziang ka tawng ding( Rei lo te leitlunah ka nunnak a cem hnu ah khui ah ka feh ding?) Pathian Thuthianghlim sung lawngin milai thusutnak pawl hi fiangten theihter a si ih milai cu ziangti vekih nung ding asi tile Pathian khawkhan dan pawl cu theihtheih asi.

3 3 KAN NEIH TULMI LUNGPUT 1) Thinlung thar (I Kor.2:14) Thlarau mi pawl cun Thlarau bawmnakin Thuthiang theihtheinak an nei ih tisa mi pawlin Thlarau thilthu theihtheinak an nei lo.(sam.119:18) 2) Thinlung ah haalnak (I Pit.2:2) Thinlung in theih duhnak a neitu pawl lawngin Pathian thutak theihtheinak an nei ding. Tongdang in kan sim asile, Pathian in amah le amah a lang/lar awknak ding milai pawl thinlung sungah amah Pathian theih duhnak thinlung duhnak a pek hmaisa theu. 3) Felzet ih a zuamtu pawl thinlungput (II Tim. 2:15) Thinlung ih tairialnak le felzetih a zuamtu pawl hrangah Pathian in a thu theihnak a pek ding 4) Thulunnak thinlung (Sam 119: ) Pathian thu kan theihtheinak dingah Pathian in a duhmi in simmi lun duhnak thinlung kan neih a tul. Pathian thu ka theih hnu ah ka duh le ka thlun kei ka duh lo le ka thlun lo ding tivek lungput thawn Pathian thutak theihfiangnak co theih asilo. 5) Thinlung a thiangmi (I Pit.1:14-19) Pathian hmaiah sual sirnak thawn a kun duhtu pawl lawngin thlarau lam thu theihtheinak thinlungkharvar an nei ding. 6) Thlacammi thinlung (Sam 119:12) Thinlungin Pathian tihnak thawn Pathian hnenah theihtheinak dilin a hnenah Pathian amah le amah a rung tarlang aw ding in a dil a tul. I. BAIBAL PATHIAN THAWKKHUM A SINAK THU Pathian thu Baibal sungih nganmi hi Pathian thawkkhummi asi ti kan zum lawngah Pathian thu cu a sinak vekin kan theithei ih Pathian in in theihter duhmi pawl cu theihtheinak kan nei asi, (II Tim 3:16). Baibal Pathian thawkkhum asi ti a zum lo tu pawl cun Baibal an zir hmanah thutak theihtheinak an nei lo asi. Thuthianghlim cu Pathian thawkkhumi asinak thu ah milai in ruahdan a phunphun kan nei ih ruahdan langsar deuh pawl le Thuthiang vekin thawkkhum ti mi cu ziang a si ti kan zoh hmaisa ding. Milai hmuhdan A. Simfiangnak: Baibalcu sakhua mi pawlih nganmi asi ih Pathian ih huham cahnak hleice a um lo, Pathian thawkkhummi timi cu Pathian in leitlun sakhua mi pawlih nganmi biaknak cabu cu amah zumtu pawl kaihhruai awknakah a hmang ti ah an zum. Saannak: Mirang tongih 'Inspire' a timi cu latin tong ihsin a ra mi a siih 'to breath in' 'thawkkhum' tiah kan ti ih, thil a umcia mi pakhat kha a thaw in a thawkkhum tinak si loin a mai (Pathian ) sungih a ummi thaw kha a 'thawkkhum' a thawt-lut tinak asi sawn. B. Elnak i) Thuthiangih a simmi thawn a kalh aw Pathian cu cangantu asi (II Tim 3:16); Heb. 1:1; II Pit.1:20 ). Pathian in a sim timi tongfang hi Thuthlunghlun ah voi thawngthum lenglo le a thar ah voi zanga lenglo ngan a si. ii) Greek tongih ' Thawkkhum' timi thawn a kalh aw (II Tim.3:16). Himi ruahnak in Thuthiangih a danglamnak pawl a thei lo, cu pawlcun Pathian huham cahnakih tuahmi an si zia an langter; iii) Bible a thawknak, an thu rualnak, huham cahnak, thuanthu dik a sinak, asimcia nak, Thupuan le ziangkim thu thawn a ngan telnakpawl.

4 4 1. Neo-orthodoxy (Milai nganmi thuanthu cu Pathian thu ah a cang) Simnfiangnak: Baibal thu cu Pathian thu ah a cang. Milai nganmi a famkim lo mi le a sual thei asi, asinan a siar tu in a siar laiah Pathian in a hnenah cui Baibal thu hmangin thu a simmih thleng awknak a hmuh theinak dingah a hman tikah Pathian thu ah a cang. Elnak: Ziangtin thuanthu ngan thiam pai nganmi cu Pathian thu ah a cang thei ding? A siartu ih thinlung a khawngtu le a hman tangkainak ih zir in Pathian thu ah a cang ti cu (II Tim.3:16) ih ngan mi thawn a kalh aw. 2. Partial View (Degree inspiration) (A then a lang thawkkhum) Baibal thu thenkhat pawl lawng Pathian thawkkhummi asi. Milai nganmi a siih sualnak a nei asi. Verbal Planary A zaten a thawkkhum thluh (Complete or Full), Baibal sungih thu hmnuahhmuah Pathian thawkkhummi asi. A. Thuthianghlim Pathian thutkhummi sinak thu ttansan: i) II Tim.3:16), Thuthiang hmuahhmuah. ii) Heb.1:1 Pathian in kamsang pawl hnenah thu asim, (Mipum.12: 6-8). iii) 3) II Pet.1:21 Pathian hnen ihsin Khrih le a dungthluntu pawlin Thuthlunghlun Thuthiang vekin an sim, ( John 5:39, 47; Mth.5:18; Mak.7:13). iv) Khrih in Thuthlungthar ngan asi lai ding thu a rak simcia, (John 16:14-15). v) Paul in thu a simmi kha Pathian simmi asi thu a sim, ( I The 2:13). vi) Peter in Paul ih cakuat kha Thuthiang tiah a sim, II Tim 3: vii) John in Thupuan kha thawkhummi asi thu a puang, Rev.1:1-3:2; 22: cu Ziangtin thawkkhum asi? Machanical (Diklo): Milai cu Pathian in khawl vekin a hmang. Ruahnak thawkkhum (Diklo): Baibal sungih ruahdaan tlangpi pawl cu thawkkhum asi. Verbal inspiration- tongfang tinkim a thawkkhum (Diklo). Pawnlamah thawkkhum a sinak bawmtu kan hmuh theimi: 1) A thu hla pehtlaih awknak (Semtirnak ihsin Thupuan tiang a thu hla pawl a pehtlai aw thluh ih a kalh aw a um lo). 2) A thuanthu a rem awknak- Baibal sung ih thuanthu pawl hi pakhat le pakhat an rem aw theh. Khrih rak hmuh lawknak - Khrih a ra suak ding mi cu Baibal in Zesu suah hlan ihsin a rak simcia thluh. 3) Khrih thu sim cia nak le a famkimnak- Khrih thu sim cia mi pawl a famkim nak in Pathian thu cu a dik in Pathian thawkkkhum asinak a langter.

5 5 4) A zaten bu 66 a um. 5) Mi 44 lenglo ih nganmi asi. 6) Cangantu pawl- siangpahrang, lo thlo, mifim, ngakai, sibawi, ram uktu, scholar (thiamsangfilawr), zung hnatuan bawi upa pawl tla an si. 7) Kum 1600 sungah a nungmi Pathian milai pawlin an nganmi asi. 8) A sung um thu ih a huapkauhzia: i) Hmun van le leilungpi ii) Tikcu - a thawkin- a neknak iii) Leitlun thuanthu iv) Diknak thu v) Santhar fimnak (scientist) pawl hmuhnak thawn a milaw vi) Ram a huapkauhzia- tong 1100 lenglo in leh zo mi a si. (Sam 119: 89) Pathian thu cu a hnget ih amah Pathian in a humhim: 1) Hniksakmi asi, Thuf.30:4 2) A Thianghlim, Sam 12:6 3) Thawkkhummi, II Tim 3:16 4) Pathian theihternak ih nganmi asi, II Pit 1:21 5) Hnatuan a nei, Isai. 55:11 6) A Hmun ringring, Mak.13:31 7) Pathian in a thulun a ngaisang, I Samuel 15:22 8) A thu ah umtu dinhmun cu a hnget ding, Mth. 7:24 9) A thu cu bet theih asilo ih lakhloh theih asi lo, Thup.22:18; Thuf.360:6 A. Pathian in milai hnenah a lar awknak thil pathum: 1) Sersiammi in i) Sersiammi in Pathian a umzia an langter, ( Rom.1:19-20) ii) Sersiammi in Pathian sunlawinak an langter, (Sam.19:1) iii) A thilti theinak an langter, (Sam 19:1-6; Isai.40:25-26) 2) Khrih sungih a nungmi thutak i) Zesu Khrih cu Pathian sinak (John 1:1-3;Heb.1:1-3) ii) A milai sinak (John.1:14; Heb.2:14) iii) Khrih ih testemony (Jnhn 1:18 3) Baibal nganmi thu ah Baibal sungah Pathian sinak le milai sinak pawl an lang. A sersiammi Sem.1:1-31 Pathian in Thuthianghlim sungah amai thu, a sersiammi thu, a tumtahmi a duhdan le a hnatuandan pawl thu tla milai hnenah a theihter ih milai fimnak, thiamnak, thazaang le hman-rua pawl cu hmangin leitlun milai pawlin Amah thawn an pehtlaih awknak hrangah siseh, milai nuntu khawsakdan ding le pakhat le pakhat pehtlaih awkdan ding pawl thu tla cu a kumkhua hrangin Baibal sungah khum thluh asi. Thuthainghlim cu milai tong le nunphung bungrua pawl hmangin milai hnenah thieihter asi vekin Thuthianghlim Pathian thawkkhummi ti mi cu Thuthiang ngannak le simnak ih an hman mi tongkam kha thawkkhummi asi tinak asi loih Thuthiang sungih thu pawl sawn cu "Pathian hnen ihsin suakmi thu " asi tinak sawn asi. Curuangah ziang tik khalah Thuthianghlim cu simsuah asi tikah Pathian in ziang thutak kha milai hnenah a theihter duh timi a thupi ringring.

6 6 II. THUTHIANGHLIM CU MILAI NUNNAKTLUNAH THU NEI TU ASI. Pathian thu cu a thleng aw dahlo, a nungmi thuneihnak nei asi. Ziangvek dinhmun le milai nitin nun khalah kumthawng siar rei ihsin mialai in an rak nunpi vekin nunpi dingmi asi (Sam.19:7-11,19:160; Math.24:35;Rom.15:4;Heb.4:12;I Pet.24:25). Pathian thu cu ziang a si? A kumkhua in a hmunmi asi, Isai.40:8. i) A zaten a famkim thluh ding, Matjh 5:18. ii) Lei le van an hlo ral ding, asinan Pathian thu cu a hloral dah lo ding, Mth.24:35. iii) A kumkhua in a hmun ringring ding, I Pit.1:25. iv) Sankhuk in a hmunmi asi, Sam. 119:89,160. 1) Milai nuntu zirh awknak le hman awknak ding hrangah Pathian thawkhummi, asi II Tim.3: i) Thlarau Thianghlim kaihhruainakin Pathian mi thianghlim pawlin an ngan, II Pet.1:21. ii) Pathian thutak cun nitin nun khawsakdan ding lam mi a khihhmuh, II Tim.3: a) Cucun lam mi a hruai (mi a zirh), Sam.25:4-5; 94:12. b) Nun mi a rem, (Sualnak a lailang) Heb.4:12. c) Lam mi a hmuh, Sam.15:8-9; 119:9. c) Diknak lamzin ah mi a zirh, Heb.5: d) Pathian hmantlak mi a siter, I Pit.1:22-23; II Pit.1:3-4. e) Thiltha tuah dingah mi a hmang aw ter, I The.2:13. 2) THUTAK asi Jn.17:17 i) Pathian thu hmuahhmuah cu Thutak asi, Sam.119:151,160. ii) Rundamnak Thuthangtha cu Thutak asi, Ephe.1:13. iii) Thutak sungin hrinmi na si, James. 1:18. iv) Thutak tongkam cu a dik le a sinak vek ciah in milaiin kenkawh dingmi asi, II Tim.2:15. 3) Thlarau huham cahnak anei Jer.23:29 i) Thilti theinak nei in khatlam le khatlam a hriammi khandaih hriam hnakin a hriam sawn mi asi, Heb.4:12. ii) Thlarau sual nehnak ralthuam hmanrua tha asi, Ephe.6: iii) Satan hmanrua pawl nehnak ah hman dingmi asi, Mtjh.4:4-10; Ephe.6:11,17. iv) Thutak cun ralpa hnakin fim deuh ah mi a tuah, Sam.119:98;Eza.10:3;Isai.66:2,5. 4) Na lamzin a lo thianhlimter ding Sam.119:9 i) Pathian thu sungin thianhlim na si, Jn.15:3;Ephe.5:26. ii) Pathian tongkam in ti thianhlimnak a um, Jn.17:17. iii) Thutak nunpi nakin thiamnhlimnak asi, I Pit.1:22. 6) Thutak cu nun tungding tu asi Dung.20:32 i) Riahsiatnak canah thazaang petu asi, Sam.119:28. ii) Cawmdawltu asi, Sam.119:116. iii) Thinlung hliam, tuarpawl hrangah mi thlakamtu asi, Sam.119:50,92. iv) Ruahsannak, Sam.119:49;Rom.15:4. v) Daihnak mi a pe, Sam.119:38. vi) Zalennak mi a pe, Sam.119:45;Jn.8:32.

7 7 7) Thutak cu amah le amah a famkimzia a lailang aw aw, II Pit.1:3-4. i) Thu ngai lo pawl nun a sim, Jer.6:10. ii) Bet ding khal a um loih lak hloh ding khal a umlo, Dan.4:2. iii) Thutak bet le hlawnhloh cu tihnung asi, Thuf.30:6;Thup.22:19. iv) Thutak lenglamah thuthangtha lem na sim asi ahcun khak tuar le anse dawng na si, Kal.1:8-9. v) Thutak lakkawi cu siatralnak asi, II Pit.3;16. vi) Nintin nun khawsak dan hrangah zirh awknak a tel, Rom.15:4; I Kor.10:6,11. vii) A hloral mipawl hrang ahcun Thutak cu atnak asi, I Kor.1 :8. viii) Mi bumnakah daithlang in Thutak cu hman ding asilo, II Kor.2:17. ix) Ti-thianghlimmi le a thiangmi asi, Sam.12:6;19:8. x) Fiahzo mi asi, II Samu.22:31; Sam.18:30; Thuf.30:5. xi) A hmunmi asi, Sam.19:7. xii) A kumkhua in a dinghnge,t Sam.93:5. 8. Thutak cun Pathian tumtahnak a tuah famkim ringring, Isai.55:11. i) Thuthianghlim cun Khrih ih thu a dikzia a sim, Jn.5:39. ii) Mi pakhatkhat kha Khrih ah zumnak nei dingin lam hruaitu asi, Rom.10:17. iii) Zumtu pawl nunah hna a tuan, I The.2: Thuthennak tahfung asi, Jn.12:48. i) Thutak pom le pom lo thu in mipakhat ih sankhuk nun lai a rel, Jn.5:24,38;8:47,51. ii) Thutak cun mialai thinlung tumtahnakpawl parah thu a then, Heb.4: Thutak cu na sunglam nunah hmun luah ding asi, Kol.3:16. i) i) Sualnak hrial thei dingin mi a bawm, James.1: ii) Pathian Thutak na ngai tikah thlawsuah mi na si, Lk.1:28, Jn.13:17; James 1:25. iii) iii) Pathian Thu na ngai tikah thlaraulam thu thuthen theinak na nei, Heb.5: Thutak cu hna in theih men ding lawng a siloih nunpi ding a si, Mth.7: i) Theitu lawng si loin nunpi tu si ding, James.1: ii) Pathian thu vekih na nun tikah thlawsuah mi na si, Lk.11:28; Jn.13:17; James.1:25. iii) Pathian thu lun tikah thlaraulam thu thleidan theinak neih asi, Heb.5: Pathian tongkam suak Thutak cu milai nunnak asi, Dan.8:3; Mth.4:4. i) Pathian thu ah ziangkim a famkim, Job.23:12. ii) Pathian thutak cu khuai tizuu hnakin a thlum sawn, Sam.19:10. iii) Pathian thu hnuai ah thanlennak a um, I Pit.2:2. iv) Pathian thutak ih nun cu lungawinak asi, Jer.15:16. v) Pathian siahhlawh pawl cu zumnak thutakin cawmdawl an si, I Tim.4: Nunnak lamzin hruaitu eng asi, Sam.119:105. i) Theih theinak eng mi a pek, Sam.19:7;119:99,104,130. ii) Tluk siatnak ihsin mi a humhim thei, Sam.119:9,165. iii) Thim lakih a eng mi eng a si, II Pit.1:19. iv) Lam hmuhtu eng mi a pek, Thuf.6:23.

8 8 III. BAIBAL THU THEIFIANG SIMFIANG THEI DINGIN Baibal kan zir, hliakhlai, simfiang tikahah theih dingmi pahnih A. Baibal cu milai ih nganmi asinak 1. Baibal cabu pakhat cio hi anmah le ram, tikcu ih zirin tumtah nei ih ngan mi an si. Ziangvek dinhmunah ziangvek thu ruangah, ziangvek tumtaknak thawn nganmi asi ti kan theih a tul. 2. Cauk pakhat cio hi thuanthu pakhat le milai nunphung pakhat sungah mil aw in nganmi asi. Milai thuanthu pakhat a cangmi thawn pehpar in le cumi milai pawl nunphung le nuntudaan le tong pawl hmangin nganmi a rak si. Baibal cabu pakhat cio in a ngantu ih ca ngandaan (style) le tongkam in ngan asi. B. Pathian nganmi/ tongkam a sinnak 1. Baible ah thuthup a tel (Eph. 3:4,9). Ca ngantu milai in amai palung ih suakmi si loin Pathian hnen ihsin a ra mi thuthup a tel. 2. Baibal pakhat le pakhat hi an rual aw in an rem aw thluh. Thuthianghlim pakhat le pakhat an kalh aw dah lo. 3. Baibal sungah a um mi thutak cu kumkhua daih thutak asi (Tikcu pakhat le thuanthu pakhat thawi mil aw in nganmi a rak sinan a sung um thutak pawl cu a kumkhua hrang asi). Baibal Simfiang Daan Daanthlangpi A. Gramatical (cangan daan) vekih simfiangnak 1. Lexicology Tongkam bungrua pawl san zirnak. Cabu ngan lai ih an tongkam hman daan le tongkam pakhat ih san a rak neihdan pawl le a san a thleng aw mi le hmandan a thleng aw mi pawl theih ding in zirnak. Cuticun, Baibal an ngan laiah ziangvek san neiin tongkam an hmangih tui kan sanah ziangvek tongkam in Baibal thutak an simin a lailang thei ti ka theithei. 2. Etymology-tongkam hrampi zirnak Baibal ah a hmanmi tongkam pakhat hi khui tawk ihsin a suak ih ziangti vekin hmanmi a si ti thei dingah zirnak. Cucun, ziang tivek san nei in Baibal ah hman a si ti theihtheinak mi a pe. 3. Philology-tong zirnak Hnam pakhat le pakhat kar lakah himi tongkam hi ziang tivek in an hmang ti thei fiang thei dingah zirnak. Cumi theih fiang tikah Baibal ih hmanmi tongkam pawl hi a tikcu le hmun ih zir in ziangvek san a nei ti theihfiang theih asi. 3. Morphology-tongrem daan pawl zirnak. Hnamkhat le hnamkhat tongthluan kan hmandan a bang aw lo cio ih Baibal ngan thawk nak ih an hman mi tong thluan pawl cun kan mai tongin ziangvek san a nei ti kan theitheinak asi. B. Thuanthu vekih simfiangnak 1) Dinhmun Ca ngan laiah ziangvek buainak le milai thuanthu a cang rero laimi a um ih ziangvek thu ruangah ca cu ngan a rak si ih zo pawl hnenah ziangvek thubuai le thu tluangthlam pawl cu ngan asi ti thei dingin ziar a tul. 2) Ngantu Zovek minung in zo hnen ah ca a ngan ih ziangtin a thu pawl a dawng ih ziangruangah a sim in caah a ngan ti theih a tul. A ca ngantu le a ca nganmi ah a sim duhmi milai pawl pehthlah awk nak pawl khal theih a tul.

9 9 3. Nithla Ziangtik kumah le ziangvek caanah ngan asi ti theih a ttul. Cuitlunah ca ngan laiah ziangvek milai pawlin ziangvek thuanthu an rak fehpi ti theih a ttul. 4. Tumtahmi Ca ngan tu in ziangvek tumtahnak thawn ca a rak ngan ih ziangvek tthathnemnak ruahsannak nei in ca a rak ngan asi ti theih a ttul. 5. Thuanthu thawn a peh tlaih aw mi thu pawl Ca ngan laiih thuanthu thawn a peh tlai aw mi milai thuanthu, hnam nunphung, politics, sumdawnnak lam, ei hawlnak lam, sakhuanak, milai san thuanthu, thiamnak lam le a dang milai thuanthu pawl tla theih a ttul. C. Ca sung ngan vekin simfiangnak 1. Genre ca ngandan kalhmang Ziangti vek ca/calai in ngan asi, thuanthu, hla, kamsang simcianak, bezai, nunthuleng, thufim, maw ziangvek ca in ngan a si ti theih a ttul. 2. Structure thu belh khawm dan Ziangvek in thuthlangpi pawl cu cabu sungah rem khawm an si ti kan theih a ttul. Thudung le thuhmai theih a ttul. 3. Figures of Speech Ttongkau seh Tahtthimnak, khihhmuhnak, suangtuahnak, ttonglinglet, ttong ngiofio, tong irhsit, hro nak, forhfialnak, maw ziangvek ttong kauseh hmangin simmi (nganmi) a si ti theih a ttul. Baibal san neihterdan pahnih 1. Deductive Method ( eisegesis) Mimal ruahdan a hmaisa ah retin thuthiang sungah thu ttansan hawlin milai ruahnak cu a dik a si tiah simfiang tumnak asi. 2. Inductive Method ( exgesis) Thuthiangin ziang a sim ti zoh hmaisa in Thuthiang san cu ca ngantu in a sim duhsan vekin hliakhlai simfiang hnu ah tulai kan san thawn mil aw in ziang san a neihter, ziang kan hmang ding ti le kan zir dingmi pawl khaikhawmnak asi. Cutin Baibal cu kum 3450 lai rei ihsin ngan thawk mi asi ih kum 1550 sungah ngan thluhmi asi. Tuihlan kum 1900 rei tlukah Greek le Hebrew ttongin Pathian mithianghlim 40 lengloiin Pathian hnen ihsin thu an dawn mi pawl cu ngan a si. Thuthlunghlun cu BC 400 hlanah le Thuthlungthar cu AD 100 hlanah felten ngan thluh mi an si. AD 400 hrawngah Pathian thawkkhummi Thuthianghlim cabu pawl cu Thlrarau Thianghlim hnattuannak le zumtu kawhhran pupa pawl hmangin finkhawm thluh asi hnu ah Baibal bu 66 cu Bibal cabu pakhatah tuah in Pathian Thuthainghlim le biaknakah hruai awknakah hman dingah pom thluh a rak si. Cui hnu ah zumtu pawlin Thuthianghlim cu harsatnak, siatsuah tumtu, le dodalnak tampi lakah an rak fingkhawi, kilhim, kenkawh ringringih miphun tampi le ram tampi ah Pathian le milai karlak pehtlaihnak lam hruaitu hmanrua asi. Cutin kum le caan a rei vivo ih nuntu khawsak dan khal a thleng aw vivo vekin tongkam hmandan khal a thleng aw vivo tlunah Pathian thu cu milai ttong phun tampi ah leh vivo asi tikah zocio khalin Pathian thuthianghlim cu a san let sual tahratin thuphan kan per lo nak dingah le Pathian thuphan kan puh pang lo nak dingah ziangvek Baibal kan hmang khal asile fimkhur zetin kan zoh ih Thlarau Thianghlim bawmnbak le lamhruainak in kan fehpi le kan nunpi a ttul asi.

10 10 PART II: BAIBAL CATHIANG AN POMDAN TLANGPI Ziangtin, zo in zo ih nganmi ca pawl cu Pathian thawkkhummi, Pathian thutak asi tiah ziangtin an rak pom in an rak cohlang in senpi hman dingah an rak nemhnet? A. Ahmaisa bikah, kamsang nganmi asi maw? Atlangpi thu in ca ngantu cu kamsang asilole dungthluntu asi maw? ti an zoh hmaisa bik. Ziangah tile Pathian in a rak simcia vekin "An tong dingmi ka sim dingih ka thupekmi pawl hmuahhmuah cu mi senpi hnenah an simtheh ding" a tivekin kamsang le Dungthluntu pawlin an simmi thu cu Pathian hnen ihsin a ra mi thu an asi (Daan.18:18). Kamsang pawl thusimmi pawl cu milai duhnak vekin simmi an si loih Thlarau Thianghlim in a simter vekin Pathian thu an simzia khal Piter in a sim (II Pit.1:21). Micaiah in a sim vekin kamsang pawl cu Pathian in a thu cu milai hnenah a simsuaknak ih a hmanmi hmarua men an si ( I Siang.22:14). "Lalpa in hitin a sim" timi tongkam hi Thuthiang sungah hmun tampi ah kan hmu thei. 1) Thuthlunghlun (TH) Moses hi Pathian kamsang pawl lakah ca ngantu hmaisa bik asi vekin a ca nganmi pawl cu TH ih thu hramnpiah a cang. (Joshua 1:7-8) ihsin malakhi 4:4 tiangah Moses ih daan thu an simnak kan hmu thei. Isreal pawlin Moses ih nganmi thu pawl cu olten Pathian thu asi tiah an pom. Ziangruangah tile Moses kha Pathian thawn hmaiton in an be aw theu asi ti kha mipi pawlin an thei (Mipum.12:8), a thu pawl kha cabu sungah a rakkhum asi (Suah.34:27; Daan.31:9). Moses cun canvo tha, Pathian thawn hmaton in biakawk theinak a rak neiih larnak le mangah si loin hmaton in Pathian hnen ihsin a thu sim ding pawl kha a rak dawngih cuticun a nih in mipi hnenah thu cu a aupi. Asinan, amah hnu ah amai aiawhtu ding kamsang midang an um. Moses ih thih hlanah Pathian in amai miphun lak ihsin kamsang dang a hril dingih anih in Pathian hnen ihsin Pathian thu cu mipi hnenah a aupi ding thu cu rak sim ciami asi (Daan.18:18). Hi tawkah Pathian in a simciami cu Isreal pawl lakah Pathian in kamsang pawl hmangin thu a simmi pawl cu a famkimih (Daan.13:1-5) hrihlo ih, cui an simmi a famkimnak a tawpnak cu Kamsang Zesu Khrih ah a thleng (Jn.1:21;Dung.3:23). Hebru cabu sungah ca ngantu in a simmi cu," Khuahlanah Pathian in kamsang pawl hmangin thu a rak simih a tu ahcun a Fapa hmangin kan hnenah thu a sim" ti asi (Heb.1:1-21). Thuthiang lala in Pathian thawkkhummi thu casungih nganmi pawl cu khuimi an si ti theihtheinak a sim. Kan sim zovekin Moses cu Pathian palai a sizia mi zapi theih a siih a thu simmi pawl cu Pathian hnen ihsin a ra mi Pathian thu asi tiah zohman ello ten an pom. Cuvek thotho in kamsang dang pawl khal an thu simmi le an hnatuan in Pathian palai an sizia cu mipi theih an rak si. Cuitlunah kamsang pakhat le pakhat an thu simmi le an canganmi le Pathian thu an dawnmi pawl cu Pathian hnen ihsin a ra mi Pathian thu asizia an theihpi aw. Joshua in Moses ih canganmi pawl cu Pathian thu vekin a pom. Cun Maikhah in Isaiah ih thu simmi pawl kha a sim (Mai.4:1-4; Isai.2:4. Daniel in Jeremiah ih thu simmi pawl kha a pom (Dan.9:2). 2) Thuthlungthar (TT) Thuthlungthar khal hi Thuthlunghlun vekin pomdaan tlangpi nei in pommi an si. Ca ngantu cu kamsang lole Dungthluntu an si maw? ti cu an thusut mi asi. Paul in Ephesian pawl hnenah ca a kuat tikah ziangkim an thei zoih kamsang le Dungthluntu pawl tohmi hramah hram tohmi an si ti thu a sim (Efe.2:19-20). Dungthluntu timi cu Khrih ih nun, thih le a thawhsalnak rak thei le hmu ih Khrih amah rori in leitlun hmun zakipah Thuthangtha simdingah mawhphurhnak a pekmi an si (Lk.24:46-49; Dung.1:8). Annih pawl cu Zesu i hnen ihsin thu a dawngsawngtu an siih Zesu amah rori in Thuthangtha sim dingah mawhphurhnak a pekmi an si.

11 An hmuh le an theihmi thu pawl kha sim vivo dingah thupekmi an si. An thih hlanah Thlarau Thianghlim a ra dingih ziangkim thu a sim thluh hai ding thu kha an hnenah Zesu in a rak kamcia (Jn.14:26). Annih pawl cu AD kum 100 nak sungih Pathian kamsang pawl an si. Zesu in Thlarau Thianghlim a rat tikah thu ziangkim a theihter tlunah hmailamah a thleng ding thu pawl tiang a theihter ding thu a rak kamcia hai (Jn.16:13). Curuangah annih pawl cu TH san lai ih kamsang pawl vekin Pathian hnen ihsin an thu dawnmi sim suakin cabu sungah khumtu an si. Piter khalin a simmi thu cu kamsang pawl simmi thu thawn a hlutzia an bang awk thu a sim (IIPit.3:1-2). Kawhhran pupa pawl kha Dungthluntu pawl kekar thluntu an sinan Dungthluntu pawlih dinhmun hleice kha an thei ih an dinhmun le an canvo vek co in an simaw dah lo. Clement of Rome kha (AD ) Dungthluntu pawl san laiih nung a rak siih Paul khan Pathian thawkkhummi thu a simin cabu sungah a ngan asi ti a theitu asi. Asinan, amah le amah cu Dungthluntu sinak dinhmun nei in le a ca nganmi pawl kha Dungthluntu pawl ca nganmi vekin Pathian thawkkhummi asi tiah ziang tik hmanah a sim dah lo. Ignatius (AD.117) in amai dinhmun le Dungthluntu pawl dinhmun kha danglam zetin a theiih Dungthluntu pawl tuar vekin martar in a thi ve nan a damlaiah Dungthluntu pawl canvo vek co in a sim aw dah loih Dungthluntu Paul, Piter le Dungthluntu dang pawl kha upatnak a pek sawn hai asi. Thuthlungthar sungih Baibal pawl cu an zaten Pathian thawkkhummi an si. Ziangruangah tile Dungthluntu le kamsang pawlih nganmi an siih Pathian thawkkhummi vekin nganmi an si ruangah asi. i) Thuthangtha Mathew kha Dungthluntu ih nganmi a siih Pathian thawkkhumi asi. ii) Mark kha Pathian in mawhphurhnak a pekmi kamsang a rak si. (Dung.12:25; KK Tim.4:11). Piter thawn a neihniam aw zetmi an si.papaias, Hieropolis ih Bishop tuanmi, Dungthluntu san lai ih rak nung in hitin a ngan (AD ), "Mark kha Piter ih tonglettu ah a cangih Piter thawn rawngbawlnak an neih hnu ah Zesu i tongkam le a simmi pawl kha cabu ah a ngan." Papaias in Mark Thuthangtha kha Piter in Zesu i thu a simmi asi tiah a sim. Cutin kan ti tikah Mark ih cangannak ah Thlarau Thianghlim a tello kan tinak asilo. Mark Thuthangtha sungih Zesu thu ngami pawl hi Mark in Piter hnen ihsin thu a dawnmi pawl an si tinak sawn asi. iii) Luke kha Dungthluntu cu a rak si lo nan kamsang a rak si ( Kol.4:14; Philemon.24) Dungthluntu pawl thawn hnatuan tlang an rak si. Kum zabi 2 laifangih a thi mi kawhhran pupa pakhat, Justin cun Luke khan Dungthluntu pawl thuneihnak vek thuneihnak a nei asi a ti, ziangruangah tile Paul ih kaitlun asi ruangah a ti.irenaeus in hitin a sim ( kum zabi 2 laiah): "Piter le Paul in Rome khua ah kawhhran an din laiah Mathew cun Thuthangtha a nganih, a sim khal a sim. An thih hnuah Piter ih dungthlun le tonglettu, Mark in Piter ih thu simmi pawl kha cabu ah tuah tahratin kan hnenah thu in sim. Cuvek thotho in Paul ih dungthlun Luke khalin Pawlih simmi thu pawl le an rawngbawlnak thu pawl kha cauk ah ngan tahratin kan hnen ah thu in sim".tertullian, Carthage ih theologian (Pathian thu thiam sang)(ad ) khalin hitin a sim: " Mark in Piter ih thu simmi le Luke in Paulih thu simmi an sim salnakah, zozo khalin an ca nganmi pawl cu an pu le hnen cio ihsin an dawnmi thu a si tiah a ti (51/252). Luke amah rori khal ca a ngan tikah Khrih nunnak, a thihnak le a thawhsalnak thu pawl kha mitih hmutu pawl hnen ihsin thudawnmi vekin a sim. iv) John kha a dungthluntu a siih Thuthangtha pakhat, cakuat pathum le thupuan pakhat a ngan. 11

12 12 v) Paul kha a dungthluntu a siih bu 13 a ngan.(romans, I le II Korintian, Kalatian,Efesian,Philipian, Kolosian, I le II Thesolonika, I le II Timote, Titus, le Philemon). A cakuat pali sung lawngah amai hmin a ngan tel lo. vi) Hebrew Baibal ngantu zo asi ti tutiang theih a si hrih lo. Mi tampi cun Paul ih nganmi asi tiah an zum. Clement of Rome; Clement of Alesendria (AD ); Origen (scholar) (AD ) pawlin Paul ih ngami a si an zum. Origen in hitin a rak sim, "Hebrew Baibal hi a sung thu pawl cu Paul ih ruahnak asilole a simtheumi thawn a mil aw mi an si. Asinan, a ca ngandan zoh tikah Dungthluntu pawlih thu theitu in an zirhtu pawl ih zirhmi kha ca sungah an nganmi asi ding ti ka zum.curuangah zokhalin Paul ih ngami a si an ti ahcun mawhsiat ding asilo. Ca ngantu taktak cu Pathian lawngin a thei". Curuangah, Hebrew ca ngantu in a sim vekin, ca ngantu cun Khrih thu a theihnak cu mit ih hmu tu pawl hnen ihsin theihsawngmi asi ih, Khrih ih thu a simtu le a ngantu pawl hnen ihsin a theihsawngmi asi thu a sim (Heb.2:3). Curuangah ca ngantu cu Dungthluntu a siloih kamsang pakhatkhat asi thei ding tiah an ruat. Adungthluntu pawl cun an mit in an hmu ih an hna ih an theihmi thu pawlkha an simin an ngan. Cuvek thotho in Paul khal khan Pathian hnen ihsin a dawnmi thu a simin a ngan. Curuangah himi ca ngantu hin Dungthluntu pawl hnen ihsin thu a rak dawngih a rak siarmi pawl kha cabu sungah a nganih Paul ih simmi pawl hi a rak ngan tlangpi bikmi asi ding tiah mi tampi cun an zum. vii) James, Zesu ih unau (Mth.13:55) in Zesu i thawhsalnak a rak hmu ih (I Kor.15:7), Dungthluntu asi (Kal.1:19). Cule Jerusalemah kawhhran hotu a rak tuan (Dung.15:13; Kal.2:9) ih amah in amai hmin nganin cakuat pakhat a rak ngan (James 1:1). viii) Piter, TT ah cabu pahnih ngantu cu dungthluntu larzet a rak si. Silvanus kha a cangantu ah a hmang (I Pit.5:12). ix) Jude, Zesu i unau pa ( Mth.13:55) in kamsang thuneihnak thawn Jude cakuat kha a rak ngan (Jude 11). B. Daan tlangpi pahnihnak Ca ngantu pawl an pawimawh tlukin a rak dawngsawngtu pawl khal an pawimawh zet asi. Ziangruangah tile Pathian thu cu Pathian palai pawlih phuanmi lawng si loin Pathian fa le pawl hnenah nganmi a siih zovek milai pawlin an rak dawngsawng hmasa ti hi a thupi zet. 1) A hramthawk ah miburpi in rak cohlanmi le hmanmi asi maw? Baibal bu pawl cu Pathian minung pawlih rak cohlanmi an si. Ziangruangah tile Pathian kamsang cu mi zapi theih an siih an thu simmi Pathian hnen ihsin a ra thlengmi khal Pathian minung pawlin an thei. Paul in an thu simmi pawl cu milai thu men vekin an rak dawng loih Pathian thu vekin an rak dawnzia thu kha Thesolonia pawl hnenah ca a kuat tikah a sim ( I The.2:130). Adang zawngin kan sim asile Pathian Thlarau in Pathian fale pawl thinlung sungah hna a tuanih Pathian thu, kamsang pawl hmangin a simmi cu an thei. Geisler le Mix in an simmi cu, Thuthiang tehfung hi milai theihnak in kawhhran tawn khawm awknak menah tuahsuak mi asilo. Thlarau Thianghlim hnatuannak in Pathian Thutak theihtheinak a pek haimi asi an ti. Zesu in 'ka tu pawlin ka aw an thei' a ti (Jn.10:27). Cuticun Pathian Thlarau in zumtu pawl thinlung sungah hna a tuannakin Pathian thutak kamsang pawl hmangin Pathian in a rak theihterih kamsang pawlin an rak nganmi pawl cu an theithei asi tiah an sim. Pathian Thlarau Thianghlim hnatuannak tel loin zumtu pawlin Pathian hnen ihsin thupuan dawn theinak an nei loih Pathian thu theihtheinak khal an nei lo a si. Pathian in a thu a simmi pawl cu thilmak le hminsinnak pawl thawn a theihter hai theu (Dung.2:22; II Kor.12:12; Heb.2:40.

13 Asinan, acancan cu Thuthianghlim asi tiah pom zo mi pawl hi kum reipi hnuah ringhleltu an suak theu. Thuthimnakah, Thufim, Thusimtu, Solomon hla, Esthar, Ezkiel pawl kha BC 400 hlanah Thuthiang vekin an rak pom zo nan, AD kum zabi pakhatnakah mi hrekkhatin an rak ringhlel. Thupuan kha kawhhran pupa pawl (Polycap AD 150; Justin Martyr AD. 140; Irenaeus AD.170; Clement of Alexandria AD. 200) pawlin Pathian thupuan vekin an rak pomzo nan, AD kum zabi 3 ah fehsual ( Montanists) pawlin an rak ringhlel. Theih dingmi pawl: Pathian in a thu kamsang pawl a theihterih a ngan ter tikah a rak dawngtu mipi zumtu an ummih anmah in Pathian thutak asi tiah an thei lohli. Curuangah a lehhnu kum ziangmawzat hnuah rinhlelhnak le sawiselnak a um sal theu mi cu zumtu diktak hnen hnakin Pathian Thlarau in a cencilh lo mi pawl hnen ihsin asi theu. Cuticun kawhhran Council ( tawn khawmnak) an rak tuah ih Baibal thu an rel tikah an rak zohmi cu zo ih ngami a siih kum zabi pakhatnakah zovek mipi in an rak dawngin an cohlang, ziangtin Pathian thu asi tiah an rak pom ti pawl hi an rak zoh bikmi asi. 2. A thuneihnak Baibal ngami cu zoin ziangvek tikcu ah ziangvek dinhmunah a ngan? Ziangvek minung pawlin Pathian thu vekin an rak pom ti theihfiang tikah lungkimtawktak theihtheinak a um lawng si loin ziangtlukin a sungih thutak cu a dik ih thuneihnak a nei ti zohfiang asi theu. Pathian cu Amah le Amah a kalh aw thei lo ih kamsang hmangin thu a simmi pawl khal a kalh aw thei lo. Curuangah Thuthiang bu khat cun a hlanih thuthiang pawl thawn a thu in a rem aw ding asi. ( Dung.17:11; I Jn. 4:1-6), cui tlunah leitlun milai thuanthu thaw khalin a kalh aw thei lo. Thuthimnakah mi hrekkhatin James le Jude hi Baibal asi ngaingai maw tiah an ringhlel. Ziangruangah tile James in zummnak thu a simmi hi Paul ih zumnak thu a simmi thawn a kalh aw asi an ti. Martin Luther hman in himi cauk cu a nep deuh ah a rak ret an ti. Asinan, Paul le James hin mibur dangdang hnenah le thubuai dangdang ruangah ca an rak nganih an tumtahnak a dan vekin an sim duhsan khal a dang ih Thutak ahcun zianghman kalh awknak a um lo asi ti an theih hnu lawmngah James cakuat hi Pathian thutak asi tiah an pom thei sal. Cun mi hrekin, Jude hi Apocryphal cauk sung ihsin thu lakmi a neih ruangah an ringhlel ih Pathian thutak asi ding maw tiah an ti. Jude hin Apocryphal sung ihsin ( cang. 14,15) kha Enoch 1:19 ihsin a lakmi asi tiah an ti ih Jude cu Biabal sungah telh dingah an thukthun. Asinan, Jude in Enoch cauk sung ihsin a lakmi a um ruangah Enoch cauk kha thawkkhummi asi tinak asi cuang lo ih Paul khalk han zumlo tu pawl hnen ihsin a lakmi a rak um ve thu kan hmu ( Dung.17:28; Tit.1:12). Hitawkah, pahnihnak ih an tehfung cu thutheihnak asi. Zumtu pawlin Pathian thu cu huham cahnak thawn a ra mi asi tiah an zum. Hebru Thuthiang sungah Pathian thu ih thiltitheinak cu kan hmu, "Pathian thu cu a nungih a cangvai tlunah khandaih hriam hnakin a hriam sawn ih milai sunglam thlarau nunnak khal a sun tlang thei asi tiah a sim Heb.4:12). Pathian thu cu huham cahnak a neiih milai thinlung sungah hna tuan in an sunglam nunah danglamnak a neihter thei. Esthar, Solomon Hla, le Thusimtu pawl hi an thuneihnak thu ah mi rinhlelh an rak kai. Esthar ca ngantu hi kum zabi pakhatnak lawngah an thei suak salih a thu sungah Pathian voikhat hman a tel lo ruangah an ringhlel. Solomon ih hla, ngai awknak thu a simnak pawl le Thusimtu, thil tha lo zawng hlir ih hmuhdan simnak pawl kha Pathian thunung asi thei ding maw tiah an ringhlel. Asinan, Pathian hnen lawngah ziangkim a famkim zia le Khrih ah mi-lungawi a kimnak thu an simnak pawl an hmuh suak tikah an zumih anpom. 13

14 14 PART III: BAIBLA FINGKHAWI DAN THUTHLUNGHLUN AN RAK FINKHAWM DAN THUANTHU ( OT, Canon) A. A pehzawm vivo mi kamsang pawl: Pathian in Isreal miphun hmangin leitlun thawn a pehtlaihnak hmuahhmuah cu Thuthlunghlun ah kamsang pawl rawngbawlnakin hmuhtheih asi. Pathian in catbang loin kamsang a nei ringring. Anmah pawl hmangin Pathian thu phuan cia mi siseh an ram le dinhmunih zirin a tulmi Pathian in a theihter mi siseh Israel pawlin an kilkhawi in an finkhawi ringring. Moses kha kamsang ca ngan hmaisa biktu a siih a cauk ngami pawl cu Pathian thawkkhummi asi tiah hmakhat teah Isreal pawlin an pom. (Moses nganmi cabu pawl tla cu Semtirnak, Suahhlannak, Puithiam Hnatuannak, Mipum Siarnak, le Daan peksalnak pawl tla an si). A cauk nganmi pawl rak dawng hmasatu Israel mipi pawlin Pathian thu asi tiah hmakhat teah an rak pomih a dung hnu ih kamsang pawl khalin Moses nganmi cu Pathian thu asi tiah an pomih an sim nawn sal theu. Joshua 1:7-8; 8:31-32), David ( I Siang. 2:3), Solomon ( I Siang. 8:53,56,61), Jeremiah (Jer.8:8); Daniel ( Dan.9:11,13); Ezara ( Aza.6:18); Nihemiah (Neh.13:1) le Malakhi ( Mal.4:4) pawlin an sim nawn sal theu ti kan hmu. Pathian in a sim vekin Moses in an nitin nun khawsak danah a tul a timi pawl kha a rak ngan thluh (Mipum 33:1-2). Moses ih thihnak thu (Daan.34) kha Joshua in a sunzawm, a ngan (Jossh.24:26). Joshua hnu ah kamsang Samuel, Nathan pawlin thu hla an run ngan vivo tikah Joshua ih hnatuan netnak pawl kha Joshua 24 nakah an ngan bet a si ding tiah an zum. Thuthentu, Ruth, I, II Samuel pawl khal anmai nganmi a si ding ( I San. 29:29). Jeremiah, Ahijah, Jehu, Iddo, Shemiah pawl hi I, II Siang pahrang cabu ngantu ding awm bik an si ( II San.9:29; 12:15; 13;22; 20:34). Cun I, II Sansiarnak kha Ezara in mawhphurhnak a nei tiin a lang ( II San.36:22-23; Eza.1:1-3).Cun Ezara le Nehemiah cu bu hmaisa ( TH. (Origin) bu ahcun bukhat an rak si) ( Ezara.7:25-28; II Mai. 2:2:13). Kamsang dawtdawt pawlin TH. Cabu a dawtdawtin an nganih Semtirnak ihsin Nehemiah tiang thuanthu a dawtdawtin an ngan thluh. Cuticun kamsang pawl nganmi pawl cu pakhat hnu pakhat an rak pomih Pathian thu vekin an rak urhsun. Himi tikcu sungah hin hla (Poetical) bu nga pawlkhal ngan an si ( Job, Sam, Thufim, Thusimtu, Solomon hla). Cun a dang prophetic (sim lawknak) bu 17 pawl khal thlarau luahkhatmi kamsangpawlih nganmi an siih Pathian thawkkhumi vekin cadang (Scroll dang) lakah telh an si. An lenpi kamsang dang pawlin pakhtat le pakhat Pathian hnen ihsin an dawnmi thutak Pathian thu cu an theihsak aw in an pom sak aw ih an hlan ih Pathian thutak pawl khal an theiin an pom. Thuthimnakah, Ezakiel in Job a um thu a sim ( Eze.14:14,20); II Samuel 22 ihsin Sam 18 sungih thuanthu a ngan tel; Jeremiah in ( Jer.26:18) Maikhah (Maik.3:12) thu a la; Maikhah (4:1-3) in Isai ( 2-4) ta asim sal; cutin paskhat le pakhat kamsang pawlin an Pathian thu an sim le an ngan mi an theih sak awk ih an simsawng ruangah ziang thu pawl hi Pathian thuthiang an si ti awlten theihtheinak an si. B. Cabu pawl thendan TH. Cabu pawl hi phun dangdangah then an si: 1. Thenhnih ah thendan:

15 15 A tlangpi thu in (Thlungthar sungah ngan vek cun) "Daan le Kamsang" ( The Law and the Prophet) tiah an then ( Mth.5:17, 7:12; 11:13; 22:40; Lk.16:16,17; Jn. 10:45; Dung.13:15; 24:14; 28:23; Rom.3:21), asilole 'Moses le Kamsang' (Moses and prophet) tiah an ti (Lk.16:29, 31; 24:27; 44; Dung.28:23). Cun hmun hrekkhat ahcun TH pumhlum hi "Daan" (Law) tiah an sim ( Jn.10:34; 15:25; I Kor.14:21). Daan ahcun Moses ih cabu 5 ( Semtirnak, Suahlannak, Puithiam Hnatuan, Mipum Siarnak, Daan pek salnak) ti pawl an telih Kamsang ahcun a tang mi bu 19 pawl an tel. Tui hlan reipi ah TH hi bu 24 lawng a rak um. ( Ziangah tile, Minor prophet (Kamsang nauta) pawl kha bu khat vekah an rak ret. Cuvek thotho in I, II Samuel; I, II Siangpahrang; I, II Sansiarnak; Ezara le Nehemiah pawl hi bukhat fingfingah ret an rak si. Cuti asilole bu 22 ah an rak ret khawm ( Ruth cabu kha Thuthentu ah an rak komih, Tah Hlla cabu kha Jeremiah bu ah kom an rak si. Eusebius (AD 325) cun Hebrew Baibal bu 22 a um a ti. Jerome cun bu 22 lole 24 a rak um a ti. Origen (AD. 250) cun bu 22 um a ti. Tertulian (AD.200) cun bu 24, Melito (AD.170) cun bu 22, Josephus cun bu 22, Talmud cun bu 24. Cuticun an bu siardan a rak bang aw lo cio. Ziangruangah tile bu khat ah an kommi le komdan cio a rak bang awk lo ruangah asi. Ziangkhal sisehla bu 22 maw 24 khalin an siar a si khallen TH an neihmi cu tui kan neihmi bu 39 thotho a si. 2. Thenthum ih thendan Hebrew pawlin an Thuthiang kha phunthumah an then. Daan (Law, Torah); Kamsang ( the Prophet, Nebiim); le Ca ngan ( Writing, Ketubim) pawl an si. Himi phunthum an thennak mi Apocryphal, Ecclesiasticus timi ah BC132 ihsin kan hmu thei. Zesu in phunthum ih thenmi hi a pom a si thei men, "...Moses Daan, Kamsang le Sam sungah an nganmi " tiah a ti (Lk.24:44). Babylonian Talmud cun himi phunthum thendan hi a rak sim. Daan bu 5, Kamsang bu 8, Ca ngan bu 11 tiah an then. Cuticun himi phunthum ih thendan hi BC. 200 lai ihsin kan hmuh thei mi a siih AD 400 lai khalah pommi a si. Cuticun Hebrew Baibal cu a hnuailam vekin then a si. i) Daan/the Law/ Torah Semtirnak, Suahlannak, Puithiam Hnatuan, Mipum Siarnak, Daan pek salnak, ii) Kamsang/Nebim/ the Prophet Kamsang hmaisa ( Former prophet) Joshua, Thuthentu, Samuel, Siangpahrang, Kamsang neta (Latter prophet) Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekial, le kamsang fate 12. iii) Ca ngan/ Ketubim/ Writing a) Hla bu pawl: Hla, Sam, Job, Thufim b) Cazual pa nga ( Five rolls)- Hla, Ruth, Tah Hla, Thu simtu, Esthar, c) Thuanthu bu: Ezara, Nehemiah, Sansiarnak Kum zabi pakhatnak ih Jews mi thuanthu lam thiam Josephus cun hitin a sim, "Thuthiang kan pomdan thu ah ngaihdan bang aw lo hnuaihni a um. Asinan bu 22 kan nei ti cu a fiang. Cu pawl cu Pathian thawkkhummi lole Pathian hnen ihsin a ra mi an si. Pa nga cu Moses ih ngan mi an si ih, Daan tiah kan ko. A cabu sungah milai thuanthu thawn ngan mi a si. Moses ih thih hnu ihsin Persian lal Artaxerxes ih san tiang kamsang dang pawlih ngan mi cabu pawl kha a zaten bu 13 a um. Cuitlunah Patian thangthatnak hlabu bu li a umih milai nuntudan thu thawn ngan mi an si" tiah a ti. Josephus hin midangin Baibal cabu pawl an tthen dan thawn a bang aw loin a tthenih, a hmaisa bikah Moses ih nganmi cabu, danbu pa nga kha phunkhat ah a ret. Apahnihnak ah bu 13 le a dang buli (Sam, Thufim, Thusimtu, le Solomon Hla) pawl kha phunkhat ah a tthen.

16 16 Josephus in autography sungih a ngandan cun lal Titus in thuthianghlim ngannak caphek (scroll) pawl kha a hnenah a pek thu a ngan. Cucu a dik a si achun Josephus ih simmi pawl hi a dik zet tiah kan pom thei ding. Himi Thuthiang phunthum ih tthen dan hi liberal Pathian thu thiam pawlin an la ih Thuthlunghlun pawl hi voithum finkhawm (tehfung thawn teh) mi a si tiah an ti. Daan (law) pawl kha BC 400 hrangah, Ca ngan (writing) pawl kha BC. 200-AD 90 ah finkhawm theh an si tiah an sim. Goodspeed ( ), Chicago University ih Thuthlungthar zirhtu cun hitin a sim, "Jews pawl Thuthiangih tthenthumnak (writing) pawl kha Khrih a thih hnu kum zabi pakhatnak cemzawng tiangah felfai zetin tthen a rak si hrih lo. Asinan Jamnia khau ah Jews pawl synod( khawmpi) ah felten tthenfel a rak si" tiah a sim. Asinan hitin an simmi pawl hi Thuthiang sungah zianghman hmuh theimi kan nei lo. Kamsang pawl ca ngan mi pawl cu Pathian thu a sizia mipi pawlin hmakhat teah an thei lohli ttheu a si ti cu thuthiang sungah kan hmu thei. (Thutthimnakah, Suah.24:3,7). Cuticun zumtu pawlin Pathian thu ngan mi pawl cu felfaiten kilkhawi an si (Daan.31:24-26; Jos. 1:8; 24:26). Curuangah, Pathian thu ngan mi pawl hi mipi in an ntheihthiam hlanah a phunphun in rak tthendarh an si lo. Kamsang pawlin mipi hnen an thlenpi ve ten mipi in Pathian tawkkhum mi a sizia thei in an kilkhawi ttheu sawn asi. Pathian thuthianghlim pawl an rak tthen tikah Pathian sinak a danglam ruangah an tthen si loin a hmangtu pawlih theih awlnak ding hrangah an tthen men mi a si ih ziangtin an tthen khal asile a sungih thu um pawl cu an bang aw thotho. Thuthlunghlun an tthendan hrekkhat pawl kan zoh hnik pei. 3) Tthendan thuanthu i) Septuagent (LXX) Alexandria khua, Egypt (BC, ) ah Hebru Baibal ihsin Greek ttongah lehmi a si. Cule anmah an duhdan in Thuthlunghlun bu tthen dan cu an tthen hai mi a si. Bruce cun, Septuagent ah Hebru Baibal an tthendan hi khua hlan ihsin Hebru pawlin an rak tthendan thawn a mil aw bik ding tiah a ti. ii) Dead Sea Scroll ( Tipi thi caphek-tipi thi ah an sarmi Jews pawl Baibal ngannak caphek. BC-250-AD 68). Himi caphek sungah cun Thuthlunghlun pawl hi Moses ngan mi tiah le Kamsang nganmi tiah phunhnih ah an tthen ih phunthum ih tthen a um lo.harris in Qumran thu a ngannakah "Thuthlunghlun cabu pawl hi a phunphun in rak tthen an si lo". Curuangah Qumran a rak nei tu pawl cun Thuthlunghlun cabu pawl hi tthenhnih le tthenthum ah an rak tthen lo a si ti a fiang. iii) Josephus cun, a hmaisa ah kan sim zo vekin, Hebru Baibal pawl hi tulai ah kan tthendan vekin a rak tthen lo. Amai san laiih minung pawl in an tthen dan vekin a tthen ve a si bik in a lang. iv) Kum zabi pakhatnak ihsin pathumnak karlakih Pathian thuthiam pawlin Hebru Baibal hi tthendan a phunphun in an rak tthen. Josephus (AD. Pakhatnak), Melito (AD170), Origen (AD 250), Eusebius (AD.325) pawl hin Hebru Baibal cu bu 22 ah an rak tthen. Septuagent le Dead Sea Scroll (Tipi thi caphek) sungah kan hmuh thei vekin Thuthlunghlun Baibal cabu pawl hi BC kum zabi pahnih hlan ihsin felfai zetin finkhawm, kilkhawi le kenkawh mi an si ti fiangzetin kan sim thei. Lk.11:49-51 ah Zesu in thu a sim tikah Abel ihsin Zachariah tiang Pathian palai martar tuartu pawl thu a simih Thuthiangin a simmi martar tuartu pawl thu cu a dik asi ti a langternak asi tiin kan thei thei. Curuangah Thuthlunghlun sanlai ih Baibal an rak neihmi cu Pathian thutak tiah an pom asi ti a lang. Abel

17 17 ih thih thu cu Semtirnak bu sungah ngan a siih Zachariah ih thih thu cu Thuthlunghlun sungah martar tuar neta bik kamsang hmin ngan mi a si. Zechariah ih thih thu cu Thuthlunghlun bu neta bik II Sansiarnak bu sungah ngan a si. Curuangah Zesu in thu a sim tikah Thuthlunhlun cabu hmaisa bik Semtirnak ihsin a neta bik Malachi thu tiang a sim asi tin kan sim thei. Geiser le Nix in an sim dan ahcun Thuthlunghlun bu pawl cu BC 400 hlan ah finkkhawm thluh a siih BC. 200 hrawngah Daan (Law), Kamsang (Prophet) le Ca ngan (writing) tiah phunthum ah an then lehsal mi asi tiah an ti. Thhenthum ah an tthensalnak cu Jews pawlin an zirh awknak ah awlsam deuh dingin an tthen mi asi. A hmaisa ah nitin nun khawsak dan thawn a pehper aw mi Daan bu pawl, Thuanthu bu pawl le thuanthu a si lo mi Kamsang pawl ca ngan mi bu tiah an tthen. v) Jamnia Council (AD.90) Jerusalem a siat hnu, AD. 90 ah Jews hruaitu ( Rabi) pawlin Jamnia ah tawng aw khawm in an sakhua biaknak lam thu reltlang dingin Rom kumpi hnenah sialnak an la. Jerusalem biak inn pi a um nawn lo ruangah Jews pawl raithawinak khal a tawp ih an sakhua nak khal a danglam vivo. An tawn awk khawmnak ih an thutlangpi bik cu Baibal finkhawm ding asi. Thufim, Thusimtu, Solomon Hla le Esthar cabu pawl kha Jews thuanthu thei tuk lemlo tu pawlin Pathian thawkkhum mi a si maw si lo tiah an ringhlel ih cucu an tawn awkkhawm nakah an rel khawm. Hi mi cabu pawl hi a rak dawng hmaisatu pawlin Pathian thawkkhummi asi tiah an rak pom zo mi asi. Cucu AD kum zabi pakhatnak hrawngah mi hrekkhat in an ringhlel sal. Thufim 26:4 le 26: 5 nak hi an kalh aw asi an ti. Cui tlunah Thusimtu cabu sungah ziangkim thil a tthatlonak lam lawnglawng in simmi a um tikah Pathian thawkkhummi asilo ding tiah an ring hlel. Cun Solomon hla kha fala le tlangval ngai awknak hla asi tikah Pathian thawkkhum mi asilo ding tiah an ring hlel fawn. Cun Esther cabu sungah Pathian hmin voikhat hman nganmi a um lo ruangah Pathian thawkhummi asilo ding tiah an ring hlel. Curuangah Jamnia ah an tawn awk khawm hnuah an rel khawmih ziang cabu pawl kha Pathian thawkkhum mi Pathian thu asi ding timi an nemhnget. Cule an sakhua nak lam hruaitu pawlin Thuthianghlim vekin zianghman rinhlelhnak um nawn lo dingin thu an suah. A dang zawngin sim asile, cui tawn awkkhawmnak (council) ah BC san lai ihsin Jews pawlin Pathian thawkkhum mi thuthianghlim vekin an rak hman mi cabu pawl kha Thlarau Thianghlim bawmnakin a sinak vekin an theithei ih anmai biaknak lam hruaitu Thuthianghlim asi tiah an nemhnget bet. THUTHLUNGTHAR AN RAK FINKHAWM DAN THUANTHU ( NT, Canon) A. Grik Cabu ( Manuscript pawl) Khrih dungthlun pawlin kutin nganmi Thuthianghlim pawl kha kawhhran tinah siar theih dingin kawpi an rak tuah vivo ih kawhhran tin in khawm awknak hmuntinah an rak siar ttheu. Cui hnu ah ken sukso le fingkhawi a awlsam deuh mi 'Papyrus' timi caphek parah an rak ngan sawng vivo. Cui caphek pawl cu boruak ttha lo a tuar thei lo zet (II Jn.12). Kawhhran thawk pek ihsin AD kum zabi 15 tiang milai kutin anrak ngan sawng vivo. Kum zabi 15 hnu lam lawngin Baibal Thuthianghlim cu khawlin an rak ngan sawng vivo thei. Cutin kutin an rak ngan sawng vivo tikah cafang ngan sual le cawn sual mi um loin rak tuah a harsa zet. Asinan hlanlaiih Grik ttonngin an nganmi pawl hmuh thei mi a um laiih an ngan swngnakah an sual mi tete remsal theih asi. Cuticun Thuthlungthar cu kawpi tampi tuah sawng vivo asinan kum zabi pahnih

18 18 hrawngah Grik ttongin nganmi caphek pawl ( a hrek cu a tthen a lang lawng kan hmu thei) kan hmu thei ih Dungthluntu pawl rak nganmi thawn a dang aw lo ding tiah kan ti thei. (Grik ttongin nganmi Baibal caphek cu 5366 lai hmuh ding a um). Bruce in hitin asim "Leitlunah Baibal ca tlukin khua hlan ca (Original kawpy) hmuh thei mi kan nei lo." Cui Baibal Grik caphek pawl cu a tlangpi thu in phunthum ah an tthen. Cupawl cu ziangvek an si ti kan zoh hnik pei. 1. PAPYRI Thuthlunghlun san lai ahcun ca ngannakah savun ih tuahmi a tlangpi thu in an rak hmang nan Thuthlungthar san ahcun Papyri hi a thlangpi thu in ca ngannakah an rak hmang. Papyri hi Egypt ram Nile tiva kiangih a um mi Papyrus hridai ihsin an tuah mi a siih Egypt ramah kum 3000 BC lai ihsin an rak hman mi asi. (An tuah dan cu, Papyrus hri pawl kha pherphiar vekin an phiar hnu ah an sut bek ih nisa lakah an pho hnu ah a hri thling pawlin a tinal ih caphek vekin nal zenzi ten a suak). Cule Egypt ram ihsin ram inhnen pawl khalin an run cawng vivo ih Grik le Rome ram pawl khalin can ngannak hmanrua ah an run hmang ciam co. Metzger in hitin a sim: " Grik le Rome ram pawl ahcun ca an ngan tikah Papyri lole savun ih tuah mi pawl parah an ngan ttheu. Cun a hrek cun Papyri pawl kha an thitkom ih cabu vek tla in an tuah hnuah a lenglam in tuamtu an tuah. A tlangpi thu in Grik cazial pawl hi pi 35 (feet) hrawng a sau. Cauk pakhat ah tuah dingmi pawl kha cazual pakhatah ngan asi ttheu." Cazual hman tikah a siartu pawl hrangah a awlsam zet. Khatlam le khatlamah a zial theih ih casiartu in ca siar phah in a kut khatlam in a kau vivo ih a kut khatlam in a zial phahphah a ttul. Cutikah zumtu pawlin Thuthianghlim an siar tikah an duhnak catlang kha awlsam ten hawl a theih lo ti an hmuhsuak tikah cazial kha a phekphek in an tuah ih tui kan hmanmi cabu vekin an tuah thawk. Cutikah an duh nak catlang kha awlsam ten an kau thei ih casiartu hrangah a awlsam zet. Cumi cabu vekin an tuahmi cu Codex form tiah an ko. A hlan ih an hman mi cazual hnakin a tthatnak tampi an hmu suak. a) Thutthimnakah, Thuthangttha buli pawl kha hmunkhatah a ngan kawp theihih cabu pakhat vekin a tuah theih. Cuvek thotho in Paul cakuat pawl kha hmunkhatah ngan in cabu pakhat vekin a tuah theih. An duh zatzat kha bukhat sungah an ret theiih bukhat sungah an telh duh zatzat kha tuah theih asi. Cuitlunah phek khatlam le khatlamah ngan a theih ih cabu man a awl tlunah a ken le ret khal a awlsam deuh. Cuvekin cabu phun (Codex Form) kha Grik Khristian pawlin an duh zetih Jews pawlin Synagogue ah an hmanmi Thuthlunghlun cazual (Roll-form) pawl lak ihsin thleidan a awlsam ruangah an duh zet fawn. Papyrus catlep pawl cu a tlek awl zetih tuah a harsat ruangah Grik catlap pawl malte lawng hmuh ding a um. Grik ttongin nganmi ca pawl kan hmuh thei mi cu a tlangpi thu in phun 88 lawng a um. Hi pawl hi a rei bik ca ngan mi kan hmuh thei mi an si, tui hlan kum zakhat (100) sungah Egypt ramah hmuhsuak sal mi an an si. Egypt pawl hin ca thupi pawl hi an hlawn dah loih ttha zetin an kilkhawi ttheu ruangah Egypt ram ihsin a tam bik cu hmuhsuak sal an si. Asinan, Papyri pawl hi an tlek hnuaihni ih a tlek pawl cu rem khawm hnu lawngah siar theih mi tla an si. Cun a hrekkhat cu famkim deuh in a um lai mi khal an um. Curuangah Papyri pawl cu hminsinnak "P" timi an nganih cu mi tlun te ah number an nganih Baibal lehthar mi pawlin an hman tikah hminsinnak thawn an ngan tel ttheu. Revised Standard Version, New American Standard Bible, le New International Version pawl hi Grik tongin nganmi bu ( Original Text) pawl ihsin an leh mi an si.