中国农村生物质能2020

Transcription

1 2020,, Pat DeLaquil,, Melissa Alipalo

2 ISBN RPT (Mandaluyong City) I. $ AFP Image Forum 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City 1550 Metro Manila, Philippines adbpub@adb.org

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4 iv 2020 ADB Asian Development Bank ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations CDM Clean Development Mechanism CH 4 methane CHP combined heat and power CIAD Center for Integrated Agricultural Development CIDA Canadian International Development Agency CO carbon monoxide CO 2 carbon dioxide CSPCB Crop Straw Pricing Consultation Board E 10 10% ethanol and 90% gasoline 10%90% E4ALL Energy for All Partnership EIRR economic internal rate of return EU European Union FECC Foreign Economic Cooperation Center FIRR financial internal rate of return GDP gross domestic product

5 v GEF Global Environment Facility GHG greenhouse gas GTZ German Agency for Technical Cooperation HC hydrocarbons HH household IFI International financial institution KfW Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau LPG liquified petroleum gas MEP Ministry of Environmental Protection MOA Ministry of Agriculture MOF Ministry of Finance MOST Ministry of Science and Technology NDRC National Development and Reform Commission N 2 O nitrous oxide NH 3 ammonia NO 2 nitrogen dioxide NOx nitrogen oxide O&M operation and maintenance LGOP Leading Group Office of Poverty Alleviation and Development PM 10 particulate matter with a diameter of 10 micrometers or less l0

6 vi 2020 PRC People's Republic of China SEPA State Environment Protection Administration SIDA Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency SO 2 sulfur dioxide TA technical assistance TSP total suspended particles UNDP United Nations Development Programme USAID United States Agency for International Development

7 cm centimeter GJ gigajoule GW gigawatt GWh gigawatt-hour ha hectare kg kilogram km kilometer kw kilowatt kwh kilowatt-hour m 3 cubic meter mm millimeter MJ megajoule mt metric ton mtce million tons of coal equivalent mu 1/15 of a hectare MW megawatt t tons tce tons of coal equivalent

8 %~45% Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Wastes Project 3,310 (Global Environment Facility)

9 ix Klaus Gerhaeusser org/documents/produced-under-ta/40108/40108-prc-dpta.pdf

10 Preparing National Strategy forrural Biomass Renewable Energy Development (Makiko Watanabe) Melissa Howell Alipalo Kunhamboo Kannan Katsuji Masunami Anil Terway Ashok Bhargava Merlita Pajarillo Feng Yue-LangFrank Radstake Jiwan Acharya Toru Kubo Samuel Tumiwa Pat DeLaquil draft national strategy and partnership framework for rural biomass energy development in the PRC Jerry Yan

11 xi Jeff Boyer Daniel Johnson Melissa Howell Alipalo Anthony H. Victoria

12 % , % % %

13 xiii (Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Wastes Project) % 98% 3, % 3% 1.88%~3.44% %~71% 2 3 -

14 xiv 2020 Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Wastes Project 3, ,080 CO 2 84,4299, % 61%30% 40% % 12% 0.5% 3 0.4% % 112% %

15 xv ,13576% 3,143 4% 16520% 82715

16 xvi

17 Voegel, E :..

18 CDM Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Wastes Project ,0809,000 CO 2 84,429 12CDM %60%29.8% 40%80%

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21 ڼ ᅃቤ ᇸĂ ౫٩ ቛǖ ቛ౫٩ ዊ ڦ ᅪᅭ ࡗ 30 Ljዐࡔঢ়ष ڟڥ କമ ᆶ ቛLjᆛᆶ13ᅢට੨DŽ ๘হට੨20%Dž ڦ ዐࡔᅙঢ়ᆯᅃ ౫ᄽࡔՎ କߛ ᄽ ࡔڦ Lj ኄዖ ቛ ሺ ᆶ Ⴤ Ljཞ ዐࡔᄺ ௬ଣ ࡔ ᄽ ࡗ ײ ዐሼঢ়ᇜ ڦڟ ঢ়षĂ ม ݛ ௬ ڦ ઓవĂல ܜ ă ڍ ሞዐࡔLjᆯᇀঢ়षม ڦ Վ ට੨ᅺ Ljኄၵ णዐ ଜ ںں Ԗ ઠLjኄ ࡔ ں ሞ ቛࡗ ײ ዐ ᆶঢ়૦ࡗ ڦ ă ༬ ౫٩ ں ڦ ᇸҾඇĂ Ljᅜत ၕփ ڪ Ljፆҹኄዐࡔ ၄ ঢ়षม ቛణՔăࡔ ՂႷ ܔ ঢ়ष ቛ ዘႎքਆLj๑౫٩ට੨Ă౫ᄽև ౫ ٩ ᄺ ࠕ ቛዐइᅮă Ljरᇲჺ৯ॺᅱዐࡔአ ܔٷ ౫٩ ᇸĂᆮ ዊ ڦ ཨጨ Lj ቛ ዊ ᅜॽ౫ᄽ ݭ ച ገ փཞ ๕ ڦ ᇸLjසት ഘĂ ଙ ۉ ă ᆶన ࡔٳ ሞփሺ ᇸࠃᆌ ڦ ൧ ኈኟ ၄କ Ⴤ ቛ1ă 2/2;!ዐࡔට੨Վ ൵ DŽ3115Ċ3131Dž , , , ౫٩ට੨DŽӥ Dž ౫ ຕଉDŽӥ Dž ට੨DŽӥ Dž ୲DŽ%Dž ຕ ઠᇸǖࡔ ට੨ ቛ Ԓߢ.2006.ઠᇸǖ 1āJinfu, Bai,et al. Ė ڼ ๆᅃ ࡀ क़ ڦ ዘ ٷ ė. ઠᇸ: CourseWeb/Public/9998/0803/Water%20pollution%20in%20China.pdfă

22 %18.7% 3.8%8.9% 2 30% GDP20% % 20% GDP SO 2 2,000 CO ,500 3,000 2,500 3,500 3,000 2,500 Mtce 2,000 1,500 Mtce 2,000 1,500 1, , Mtce=million ton coal equivalent The Economist gigajoules, GJ1 1%20.9

23 ڼ ᅃቤ ăߵ ࡔ ᇸऐࠓ ڦ ຕ Lj ߛ ᇸ ୲ ๑ᆩ ም ᇸ ڦ አ ࠕই گ ዐࡔ ڦ ܔ ᅈડ ײ DŽස 1.1ዐĐ پ ൧ৠđ ๖DžǗ ڍ සࡕჽჄ၄ᆶ ቛ ൵ አ ൵ Lj ሞዐࡔ ᇸ ݯ ዐ ڦ Բ૩ ዐ DŽ2015 Džઠ ฉ DŽස 1.1ዐĐ ൧ৠđ ๖Dž6ă ௬ ܔ ణമ ڦ ᇸ Ljࢲ ༢ዷဝሞ2005 ԛ ࡔ ም ᇸ ٷ ฉዂ ຫǖ Đ ഽ ም ᇸਸ ૧ᆩLj ᆌ ܔ නᅮჹዘ ڦ ᇸ ڦ Ղᆯኮ ୟLjᄺ ට ม ၄ Ⴤ ቛ ڦ Ղᆯኮୟăđ ୯ ڟ ዐࡔ ሆሞߣԨࡘߵഘࢪՎ ٷ ኮമ ፔ ڦ Ljዐࡔ ڦ ᇸ ࠓᆶ ም ᇸ ݛ ቛă ౫٩ ᇸႴ൱ăপ 2008 Ljዐࡔධ ᆶ50% ڦ ౫ ٩ට੨DŽሀ1ᅢ౫ Džᄲ ౫ፕ ݭ ച DŽ ᇆ Dž غ ൽ ă౫ᄽև ڦ ཥ ຕ ၂๖Lj2008 ዐࡔ ౫٩ ᇸ ݯ Բฉ๘ 80 ڦپ ߛ ৎ125%Ljन ሺ 2.9%ăཞ Ljฆ ᇸ ݯ ଉሺ କ Ԡă Đ ഽ ም ᇸਸ ૧ᆩLj ᆌ ܔ නᅮჹዘ ڦ ᇸ ڦ ՂᆯኮୟLjᄺ ට ม ၄ Ⴤ ቛ ڦ Ղᆯኮୟăđ ĊĊࢲ ༢ዷဝ 1980 ڟ 2004 Ljᇑ ݥ ฆ ᇸDŽ থ ฏ Ă ዊጨᇸDž ԲLjዐࡔฆ ᇸDŽසঢ় ت ڦ ᅂ ᆳഘDž ݯ ଉደ ሺ ăඓൎ ں ຫLj2004 ዐ ࡔ౫٩ ᇸ ݯ ଉথৎ4.8ᅢ ܖ Ք Lj ዐLj2.09ᅢ ܖ Ք ౫ Ljሞኄ2.09ᅢ ܖ Ք ዐLjሀ0.5915ᅢ ܖ ฆ ᇸLj ඇࡔ ᇸጺ ଉ ڦ 3%DŽ९ 1.2Džă 6 ๘হ ᇸቛ ࡔ ᇸऐࠓă ᇸĂ ౫٩ ቛǖ ቛ౫٩ ዊ ڦ ᅪᅭ 7 2/3;!ዐࡔ౫ ᇸ ࠓݯ DŽӥ ܖ Ք Dž ݥ ฆ ᇸ! ฆ ᇸ ઠᇸǖჱዞਸ ᆀ ኧ ዐࡔഐ ౫٩ ዊ ም ᇸ ቛ ࠃ ڦ रຍᇲዺၜణ.க ઙ. ܔ ౫ ڦݯ 2.09ᅢ ܖ Ք Lj ᅜӀᆩ ศ ჺ৯ăरᇲჺ৯ ܔ ౫ ᇸઠᇸत ๑ᆩ൧ କ ဦ ݴ ဆLj ݴ ဆ ࡕ Lj غ ฏ ౫٩ ᇸ ڦݯ ዷ Lj 62%ăൽ ᆩ ᇸ ڦ Բ૩ ڼ Lj ڍ ᄲ ܠڥگ Ljኻ 33%ă2004 ዐࡔ౫ ڦ 2.09ᅢ ܖ Ք ዐLjሀ1.29ᅢ ܖ Ք ᆩᇀ غ ฏ ă2004 Lj ࠚ ౫٩ ں ཀ ට ሞ غ ඤ ฉ ڦ ଉ 3.56ቹঋ ă غ ฏ ڦ ᇸ ݯ Բ૩ডߛLjᆶଇ ݛ ௬ᇱ ᅺLjᅃ ᇱଙDŽধߍ Dž ᇸገ ୲ گ Lj ዕ ยԢ ୲ گ ă 2004 ڦ ᇸ ݯ Ⴔ൱ଉධ ٷ Lj ڍ ᅙঢ় ݘ ๑ᆩব ሲ ڦ ࡕă ڟ 2004 ڹ Lj ዐࡔᅙঢ় 1.9ᅢ౫ DŽ ᆶ౫ ڦ 70%Dž କব ሲLj ዐԈઔ 4,650 ౫ କฆ ሲăব ሲ ڦ ඤ ୲ሀ ሲ ڦ ଇԠă 2004 ዐࡔ౫ ๑ᆩ ڦ 2.09ᅢ ܖ Ք ଉዐLj أ କᆩᇀ غ ฏ Lj ᇆ ٷ և ݴ DŽ7,000 ܖ Ք Džᆩᇀ ൽ Lj ଙዷᄲ ধߍĂ Ljൽ ยԢዷᄲ

24 ዐࡔ౫٩ ዊ 2020 ăሞኄ7,000 ܖ Ք ዐLjฏ କ5,313 ܖ Ք Lj କ1,635 ܖ Ք 7ăዐࡔ1/3 ڦ ට੨ ऄ ሞଇ ૐ ں Lj ल Ⴔᄲൽ 8ăዐࡔ ں ᇘ ગLj ں ഘࢪཉॲ ٷ ݥ Ljᅺ ൽ DŽԈઔ๑ᆩ DžႴ ൱ ٷ ăᅜ ल ૩Ljፌԛև ں DŽԛ 53 Džᅃሆ ڦ ഘ Բፌళև ں DŽԛ 17 Dž گ ሀ40ņፑᆸă रᇲჺ৯ᄺ କয়ߢLjໜጣට ᇸࠔச ڦ ߛLjᆩᇀൽ ڦ ᇸ ॽݯ Ⴤሺ Lj ڟ 2020 Lj ൽ ཀຕॽ 110ሺ ڟ 140Ljሺ ٳޗ 27%ă ዐࡔ98% ڦ ౫٩ ں ᅙঢ়ཚ ۉ Lj ࠃቷ ๑ᆩ ۉ ഗLj2004 Ljዐࡔ౫ ڦ ቷ ᆩ ۉ ଉ ٳ 358ᅢഥ DŽkWhDžLj ዖ ۉ ഗ ۉ ଉ ٳ ᅢഥ ă2005 ౫٩ ӥ ᆛᆶ ۉ ऐ84 LjԲ2000 ሺ 35.3 Ǘ ۉ գၒ20.1 LjԲ2000 ሺ 7.8 Ǘဢᅊ ऐ40.2 LjԲ2000 ሺ 11.6 ă ස Ljዐࡔ ᆶሀ 2 ٩ግ ڦ 3,000 ౫ DŽ800 ܠ ౫ Džᆯᇀ থ ࠅࠌ ۉ ๑ᆩ ᆳ ڨ ቷ ă థ ڦ థ ๑ᆩ ႙ ޅ ۉ ई ᆳ ۉ ቷ Ǘሞࡍዝ ڪ ૧ጨᇸ ںڦ ݿ Lj ዿሞ ۉ వ ᅜჽฦ ںڦڟ ڦ ට ๑ᆩ ۉ ă ઠ ᇸ๑ᆩ൧ ᇨ ă ॺ૬ ઠ ᇸႴ൱ఇ ႙Ljरᇲჺ৯ߵ ᇸ ࠓՎ ߛ ײ ዕ ᇸ ୲ ڦ አ ࡕDŽཞ ୯ ܔ ට੨Ă ऄ ڦ Վ DžLjย କ փཞ ڦ ቛ൧ৠǖ ൧ৠᅃǖ ܔ ም ᇸኧ ড گ ăᆯᇀ ߀ ᆶ แLj߀ ኝ ٯ แ ڟٳ ᇨ ణՔLj౫٩ ᇸ ݯ ၂ዸฉ ൧ৠ ǖ ܔ ም ᇸኧ ت ᇀዐ ڪ ăࡔ ᇸአ ڥ ᅜኴ Ljব ም ᇸर ຍ ڥ ᅜ Lj౫٩ ऄ ᇸ ݯ ሺ ݣ ă ൧ৠ ǖ ܔ ም ᇸኧ ডߛă Ⴤ ቛ൧ ৠLjࡔ ൽഽᆶ ڦ አ ٯ แLj ٷ ᇸ ব रຍLj౫٩ ऄ ᇸ ݯ ᅜ Ⴤ ቛ ڦ ሺ ă 2004 ዐࡔ౫ ᇸ ጺଉ 2.09ᅢ ܖ Ք Lj ڟ 2020 ॽሺ ڟ 2.80~3.58ᅢ ܖ Ք Ljਏ ຕጴൽ ਦᇀአ ᆩ ዖ ቛ൧ৠDŽ९ 1.3Džă ሺ ሞ1.88%~3.44%ኮक़Lj15 ሺ 34%~71%ăঢ়षߛ ቛ ٷݣ ᇸ૧ᆩ گ ڦ Ձ ă 2/4ǖ౫٩ ᇸ ቛ ڦ ዖ൧ৠDŽӥ ܖ Ք Dž Mtce ড گ ኧ 2010 ዐ ڪ ኧ 2020 ডߛኧ ઠᇸǖჱዞਸ ᆀ ዐࡔ౫٩ ዊ ቛ ჺ৯ ౫٩ ዊ ቛ ব ۯ ም ᇸ ቛ ڦ ᅃၜ Ⴀአ ă 7 ኄᅃ ࡕएᇀᅜ ǖ(1) ڦ ຕଉ 65%Lj ୲ 40%Ǘ(2) ڦ ຕଉ 35%Ljඤ ୲ 70%Ǘ(3) ൽ क़Ӏ3 ሆ ă 8 ዷᄲൽ ں Ԉઔԛ Ă߆໖Ă ԛă ॿĂ ళĂ ĂञଠĂଓ Ă Ă Ă ဇĂ Ă ဇĂཀ Ăဇ ႎঀă

25 9 7, % %

26 , % 40% %67%57% ,9951, Jonathan Watts, :

27 % 50%92% The Pew Center on Global Climate Change % GDP %~45%

28 ڼ ቤ!!! ዊ ጨᇸǖ၄ጒᇑയ ፕ ᅃ ౫ᄽ ࡔٷ Ljዐࡔ౫ᄽ ݭ ച ጨᇸๆ ݿݴ Ljਏᆶ ቛ ዊ ڦ ٷ യ ă ዖ ๕ ڦ ዊ ۼ ᇸᇀ ᄞ DŽཚࡗ ፕᆩDžLjᇑ ႙ ڦ ም ᇸ ԲLj ዊ ᇸᆶᅃၵ ༬ ڦ ႠዊDŽ९ጆત 2.1Džă ጆત3/2;! ዊ ڦ ዘᄲ༬Ⴀ ༀĂᅂༀ ഘༀ ڦ ዊጨᇸ ۼ ᅜ থ پ ଙ ዊጨᇸ ᅜԍ ڦ क़Lj ڍ ᆯᇀ ଉ ড گ Ăຕଉ ٷ Lj ሺ କ ت ሏ Ԩă ዊጨᇸ ᅃփ ௨ ݯ इൽ ڦ ም ᇸઠᇸDŽ ᇀ ޅ DžLj ࠃڦ ᆌ ড Lj ߃କ ዖኲĂ Ă इĂᇨ ت ڟ ገ ڦ ሗࡗ ײ ă ዊጨᇸภत ߅አ ଶᇘLjԈઔ ᇸĂ౫ᄽĂଠᄽĂ Ă ں ૧ᆩĂ ᇘ ቛĂ ஹᅟă ᆯᇀ ں ௬ओᆶ Lj ዊጨᇸ ڦ ᇸ ૧ᆩՂႷᇑ Ăᇱ ଙ ᄱव ᅜ त෧ଠԍ ၹ ă ዊ ᅜᆯႹ ܠ ణമԥණ ݭ ڦ ଙገ ઠLjኄ ३ณ౫ᄽ ݭ ച ሰ ڦ කă ڦ ౫ᄽ ݭ ച ᇱଙԈઔǖ DŽ1Dž ۯ ݾ Սă ۯ ݾ ՍLjዷᄲኸይ ݾ ݾ Lj ᅜཚࡗଇዖ ০ ᅜ૧ᆩLjन߅ ሳࢫ থ ฏ ትഘă ۯ ݾ Սᆶऐዊ ଉডߛLj ڦ ትഘ ᇱଙă DŽ2Dž౫ᄽ ݭ ച DŽ ᇆ DžăሞዐࡔLj ݭ ച ᆩᇀ ڦۉ ዷᄲፕ Ԉઔᇗ Ă Ă ڠ Ljઠᇸᇀኄၵፕ ڦ ዊጨᇸԥ Đፕ ধߍđLjኸ أ ౫ ፕ ዷ ኮ ڦ ᆶ LjԈઔߍĂ ĂᄾĂ Ă ăፕ ধߍ ଙ ڦ ݴ ᅺ ගĂ ݨ ଙ ዖ ݛ ๕ ڦ փཞ ᆶ ᅴăፕ ধߍ ᅃዖዘᄲ ڦ ዊጨᇸLjਏᆶᆩᇀฆᄽ ڦۉ യ ă

29 / // / / /

30 14 ዐࡔ౫٩ ዊ 2020 ଉ ڦ ፌ ٷ ઠᇸLj ࡗג କ ᄽ ݭ ऄ ბ Ⴔᄟଉ ڦ ጺ ăසࡕփ ߛ ܔ Ⴟ ݾ Ս تڦ ዃ LjႿ ݾ Սຕଉ ڦ ტ ሺ Ղॽ ڞ ዂ ᅃօ ă 3/2ǖዐࡔႿ ݾ Սትഘ ଉᇺ گ ᇀയሞ ଉ!!!!!!!!DŽ3116Dž සࡕ ت ዃփ ړ LjႿ ݾ Սຕଉ ڦ ტ ሺ Ղॽ ڞ ዂ ᅃօ ă ᆩትഘă ୯ ڟ ణമ ڦ ม Ăঢ়ष ഘࢪཉॲLj रᇲჺ৯ණ ሀᆶ1.48ᅢຽᄢይई ڦ ౫ ᅓॺย ትഘ ăසࡕኄၵᄢኳ ۼ ๑ᆩትഘLjሶትഘ ଉ ٳ 600ᅢm3ፑᆸDŽӀቷ2005 ౫٩ ᆩትഘ ትഘ411.39m3 ໙DžLjኄ փ ڟ 2005 Ⴟ ݾ Ս ᅜ ڦ ትഘଉ ڦ ᅃӷă ዐࡔᅙঢ়ሞ౮ ᆩትഘLj ڍ ܔ ٷ ڦ Ⴟ ݾ Սጨᇸ ڦ ਸ ૧ᆩԲ૩ᅈ گ ă2005 ڹ Lj ኻᆶሀ1,800 ౫ DŽ ᅓ ቛትഘ౫ ጺଉ ڦ 12%Džॺ 16 3 ᆶትഘ Lj ትഘሀ70ᅢm Lj ٷ ሀ ړ ᇀ504 ܖ Ք Ljኻ ړ ᇀയሞትഘ ଉ ڦ 12%DŽ९ 2.1Džă ሞࡔ ࡀ ጨ ኧ ڦ घ Ljትഘဣཥ ሺ ຕӥ ăසࡕኄዖኧ ڥ ᅜ ჄLjఫ ትഘጨᇸ ૧ᆩ୲ॽტ ฉ ă2000ċ2005 Lj ۯ ݾ Սଉሺ କ118%Lj ᆩትഘ ଉඐሺ କ278%ă ๆᅢ૬ ݛ रᇲჺ৯၂๖Lj2005 ۯ ݾ Սትഘ യ ৎ1,350ᅢm 3Lj ړ ᇀ9,600 ܖ Ք Ljሀ ణമዐࡔ ౫٩ ᇸ ݯ ጺଉ ڦ 28%14ăትഘ ᆶଇ ᇱଙઠ ᇸĊĊ ݴ ڦ ౫ ᄽ ٷڦ ႙ᄢይ Ăᄢ ᄢच 15ă ౫ യሞ ଉ Ⴟຽᄢ ਸ ଉ Ⴟ ຽᄢ ትഘ ײ ăሞ ٷ ႙Ⴟ ຽᄢ Lj ण ۯ ݾ ՍডඹᅟLjᄺ ቛትഘဣཥă रᇲჺ৯ ໙Lj සࡕ ᆶ ٷ ዐ႙ᄢይ Ăᄢ ᄢच ۼ ૧ᆩ ۯ ݾ Ս ትഘLjఫ 2005 ዐࡔትഘ ଉ ٳ 740ᅢm3ă ኄၵড ڦٷ Ⴟ ࠕ ኧ ٷ ႙ትഘ ڦ ሏ Lj ڦ ትഘ ࠃຽᄢ ๑ᆩLjࠃม ൽ Ă غ Ljᄺ ᆩᇀ ۉ 17ăଷ Lj ႙ትഘ ᅃᄣLj ትഘቀᅂ 14 ኄᅃԲ૩ ߵ ૧ᆩ ݾ Սຕଉࠚ໙ ઠ ڦ ă ݾ Ս ትഘ ڦ യ ߵ ۯ ݾ Սᆶऐ ݴ ଉ ໙ ઠ ڦ Ljփཞ ۯ ݾ Ս ڦ ᆶऐ ዊ ଉ փཞ ڦ DŽස ڦݾ ትഘ ଉሞ ᆶ ۯ ݾ Սዐ ፌߛ ڦ Džă ۯ ݾ Ս ڦ ትഘയሞ ଉৎ1,480m3Lj ړ ᇀ1.05ᅢ ܖ Ք Ljई ړ ౫ ᇸ ݯ ଉ ڦ 30%ăኄᅃຕጴ ߵ Ėዐࡔཥ ६ 2009ė ౫ᄽև౫٩ትഘཥ ຕ ໙ ڦ ڥ ă 16 ڟ 2008 ڹ Ljኻᆶሀ3000 ౫ DŽ ቛትഘ౫ ጺଉ ڦ 20%Dž๑ᆩትഘ ă 17 ٷ ႙ትഘ ཀ ࠕ ትഘ600m3DŽ ࡗג 60ഥ Dž ዐ႙ትഘ ཀ ഘ m3džሀ30-60ഥ Džă

31 , m ~200 m 3 40 m

32 ዐࡔ౫٩ ዊ /4ǖ! ૧ᆩ ۯ ݾ Ս ڦ ትഘ ଉᇨ!!!!!!!!DŽ3116Ċ3131Dž ᇨ ڦ ઠയሞ ଉ इ ۯڦڥ ݾ Ս 2020 ٷ ႙ትഘ ײ ᆩትഘ 3/5ǖ!ዐࡔ ፕ ᇑঢ়षፕ ধߍ ଉDŽ3116Dž ण૧ᆩ ፕ ፕ ፕ 0 ӥ ܖ 200 ۹ रᇲჺ৯ࠚ໙Lj2005 Ljዐࡔ ڦ ౫ᄽ ݭ ച ण ૧ᆩଉ 7ᅢ ܖ 18LjԈઔ6ᅢ ܖܠ ፕ ধߍ 1ᅢ ܖܠ ᆳ ౫ᄽ ݭ ച 2010 ᇗ ধ ᇗ ߇ ڠ ڠ ፕ ধ ߇ ୯ ڟ ኄၵ൵ Ljरᇲᇨ ዐࡔႿ ݾ Սጨᇸ ڦ ትഘയሞ ଉॽ 2005 ڦ 1,350ᅢm 3ሺ ڟ 2020 ڦ 1,540ᅢm3ትഘDŽ 2.3Džă ሞയሞ ଉሺ ڦ ཞ Ljሞ ઠब ዐࡔᆶ ၄ ࡀڦܠ ఇ ትഘ ăໜጣට ऄ ߛ ڦ Lj ݯ ଉᄺ ሺ LjኄՂ ڞ ዂणዐ๕Ⴟ ᄢኳ ڦ ሺ Lj ᄢኳႿ ڦ ౫ ॽ Վณăरᇲჺ৯ᇨ Lj ౫ᄽ၄ پ ײ ᆖၚLj ᅓ ቛትഘ ڦ ౫ ຕॽ ইDŽ 2010 ڦ 1.39ᅢ३ณ ڟ 2020 ڦ 1.21ᅢDžă ዐࡔ ړ മႿ ຕଉ ڦ ሺ ൵ ᆶ ჽჄ ᅃ क़Ljዐࡔට ర ݯ ଉධ گٷٷ ᇀ ࡔٳ ă ᆌ ڦ Lj ۯ ݾ Սትഘ ڦ യሞ ଉॽ Ⴤฉ ă ߇ ᇑᅜฉ ڦݻ ൧ প փཞLjᆶၵ ں एԨ ᆶ ٷ ዐ႙ትഘ LjසࡍዝĂ Ăဇ ሊళăሞኄၵ ں Lj ٷ ଉ ڦ ይ ۼ ᄢሞ ႙ຽᄢ ዐLjኻ ॺย ႙ ᆩትഘ ăሞኄၵ ں Ljᆯᇀ ۯ ݾ Ս णవ ٷ Ă ԨߛLj ᅜփᅓॺยড ࡀٷ ఇ ڦ ትഘ ă ݭ ച DŽස ڠ Ăᇗ Ă ߆ኃቀDžLj ዐ ሀ54% ڠ ধߍ ᇗ ধߍDŽ९ 2.4Džă ᆶ ᅺ ᆖၚᅃ ں ܔ ትഘ ڦ ਸ ૧ᆩǖ ں ڦ Ⴟ ጺຕଉĂ ዖ ݾ Ս ڦ ትഘ ୲ Lj ᅜतणዐຽᄢᇑ د ཥ ᄢ ڦ Բ૩ă ๆᅢ૬ ݛ 16 փ ण૧ᆩ 18 ধߍ ण૧ᆩଉኸሞ၄ᆶ౫ᄽ ཉॲ༬ ߪཉॲ ࠕԥ ण ૧ᆩ ڦ ፌ ٷ ধߍຕଉă2008 Ljধߍ ण૧ᆩଉฉ ሀ7.5ᅢ ܖ ă

33 ڼ ቤ ዐࡔ ڦ ধߍጨᇸ ݴ ք ݴ ӗ ᇘDŽ९ 2.5Džă 2005 Lj ٷ և ݴ ধߍ ጲ ॿ ዐ ᆴ ں ă ڠ ॿ ঙዞ ڦ ዷᄲፕ Ljኄ ᆶඇࡔፌ ݨ ڦ ගă ᇸĂ ዊ ጨᇸǖ၄ጒᇑയ ڦ ᇱĊĊ ᇱă ں ௬ओ 1,800 ࠅ൨Lj ዷᄲ ڦ ፕ Ăᇗ Ă Ă ٷ ۹ ă ॿ ዐ ᆴ ܔ ধߍጨᇸ ࡀఇ ૧ᆩă ጨᇸ DŽ ڇ ௬ओ ধߍ ଉDž ଷ ᅃ ଉধ ߍ ण૧ᆩଉ ڦ ኸՔLj ኸՔ ݒ ᆙକ ں ጨᇸ ײ ݿ Lj ԥᆩઠೠ ૧ᆩ ݛ ๕ ޏ DŽ९ 2.5Džă2005 Lj ዐࡔ ૧ᆩধߍጨᇸ ܖ / ࠅݛ 19Lj ዐLjփ ڟ ඇࡔ ں 1/3 ںڦ କඇࡔ3/4 ڦ ধߍଉă ሞ ܔ ౫٩ፕ ধߍ ዊ ቛፔࡀ Ljᆌ ୯ ڟ ধߍਏᆶ ܠ ዖᆩ LjԈઔ ଙĂຽଙĂ ݨ ଙĂ ᄽᇱଙ ᆩਪएଙ ڪ ă ԛ ڦ ধߍጨᇸᆮ ݿ Lj ں ᆶඇࡔፌ ٷ 3/6ǖ!ধߍጨᇸ ݴ քdž ण૧ᆩጺଉᇑ Dž ԛ ߛᇱ 97 ဇళ ႎ 174 ԛ ߛᇱ ॿ ዐ ᆴ ళ 㟅楕 䞷 ㄵ㟿摞 Mt / 㡈 摛 Ljዐࡔ ૧ᆩধߍጨᇸ 95 ܖ / ࠅݛ ă 17

34 18 ዐࡔ౫٩ ዊ 2020 ሞ ܔ ౫٩ፕ ধߍ ዊ ቛፔࡀ Ljᆌ ୯ ڟ ধߍਏᆶ ܠ ዖᆩ LjԈઔ ଙĂຽଙĂ ݨ ଙĂ ᄽᇱ ଙ ᆩਪएଙ ڪ ă2005 Ljዐࡔ ण૧ᆩধߍጨᇸ ڦ ᅃӷDŽ3.38ᅢࠅ ܖ Džԥᆩፕ ଙDŽ౫ থ ฏDžLj ᆶ275 ࠅ ܖ ধߍԥገ ႎ ᇸ ᅜ૧ᆩDŽ 2.6Dž20ă ଉᆶ ሺ Lj ں ڍ ຕଉ ३ณLjᅺ ઠबๆ ण૧ᆩ ڦ ፕ ধߍຕଉኻ ᆶሺ Lj2015 Ljዐ ࡔ ण૧ᆩধߍଉॽ ٳ 71,667 ࠅ ܖ Ljড2005 ሺ 1,819 ܖ DŽ९ 2.7Dž21ă ፕ ধߍ ࠕཚࡗᅃဣଚገ रຍ ۉ LjԈઔፕ ধߍ ۉ Ăধߍഘ ۉ Ljᅜत ধߍ ۉ Ljਏ ඹॽሞ ᅃቤዐ ă 3/8!ዐࡔধߍጨᇸଉᇨ DŽ3116Ċ3126Dž ᄽ 35 ۯ ຽଙLj176.6 གྷ 48.5 ӥ ܖ 700 3/7!!3116 ዐࡔধߍ ࠓݯ DŽӥ ܖ Dž!!!! ም ᇸ ૧ᆩ 2.8 ݭ ച 87.8 ᆩਪ 10 ଙDŽ Dž 338 ጨᇸയ ᇨ रᇲჺ৯ߵ ں ຕଉ ፕ ଉ ܔ ዐࡔ2015 ধߍጨᇸଉ କᇨ ăߵ ᇨ Lj ࠅ൨ধߍ 0 ण૧ᆩ 2015 փ ण૧ᆩ Lj ण૧ᆩধߍጨᇸ ڦ ૧ᆩ ݛ ๕ ٷ Վ ăሞ ઠ ڦ बๆ ዐLjໜጣ ࡀ ڦ փ Lj౫ ॽደॷ ݣ ചሞགྷक़ থ ฏ ዊ ڦ ፔ Lj ধߍጨᇸ૧ᆩ ݛ ๕ ࠃ ቛ क़ăཞ Ljຽଙ ᄽᇱଙ ڦ ፕ ধߍႴ൱ॽ၂ዸሺ Ljধߍጨᇸ ڦ ৪ኛॽ൵ᇀघଜLjধߍጨᇸષ ݯ ଉॽᅺ ޗٷ ३ณă ዐࡔ և ں ڦ ጨᇸ ড ٷ Lj ࡀఇ ቛLj ں ࡀఇਸ ă 20 ຕ ઠᇸᇀ౫ᄽև रঞᇣ ᇸ ԍरຍਸ ዐ႐LjᅜतĖዐࡔ౫٩ ں ም ᇸཥ ėdž2003ă Džă2008 Lj ጺଉDŽ3.24ᅢ ܖ Dž43% ڦ ዊጨᇸԥ౫ থฏ Ljኻᆶሀ500 ܖ ԥገ ም ᇸ ᅜ૧ᆩă 21 ᆯᇀ ଉ 2005 ڟ 2008 ሺ କ9%Lj ᅜLj2008 ڦ ধߍጨᇸDŽ7.5ᅢ ܖ Dž ࡗג କᇨ ă

35 ~ CO : % 12.5%50%

36 / / 1~ ~700 1,000 ph ,000, %12%10% 2.4

37 %

38 % % / / , , , , ,

39

40 ዐࡔ౫٩ ዊ /2ǖ!౫٩ ዊ ૧ᆩ ݛ ๕! ݯ ݴ ๕ ण ሀ ๕ ݴ ๕ णሀ๕ रຍǖ ᆩትഘ रຍǖ ᅚ ـ ᆳ ౫ ई ႙౫ Ⴊॺईᆯ ጲ ࠔச ትഘဣཥLj ڦ ትഘ ں ݯ ă ٷ ଉ ڦ ౫ ዖኲ ᇸፕ Ljࠃᆌߴ ٷ ႙णሀ๕ ᅂ ଙLj ምॽ ஜߴ ݯ ኁă रຍǖধߍ ႙ ଙĂধߍትഘĂ ধߍഘ Ă ٷ ዐ႙ትഘ ײ ă रຍǖধߍ ۉ णሀ๕ LjದԢ ں ໃ ஏLjဣཥ ܔ ሗă ྌݴ ਢ ዊ യ Lj ၄ዐࡔ ڦ 3131 ࡀ ణՔLjՂႷ ٷ ቛणሀ ఇ๕ă Ԩቤॽ ජᅜฉ൧ৠ रຍ ስቛਸ༪ஃLj ݴ ဆ ᆫ ቛቱҹLjժ ස ᅃօ ᆫ ई أ ቛቱҹ ॺ ᅱăԨቤᅜरᇲჺ৯ ڦ ፌዕԒߢ ए إ Ljߵ ᅜ ዖፌዕᆩ ܔ रຍ କೠࠚă DŽ1Džᆩᇀ غ ൽ ڦ ᆫዊ ଙĊĊࠃᆌ౫ DŽ2Džধߍ ۉ ĊĊ ፁ౫٩ ۉ Ⴔ൱ DŽ3Dž ᇸፕ ĊĊሺ ౫ Lj ࡔ ࠃ ᆳ پ ă Ԩቤॽ ॽ ݴ ༪ஃ ڟڥ रᇲჺ৯ডߛೠ ڦ ၜरຍǖ DŽ1Dž ᆩትഘ Lj DŽ2Dž ٷ ዐ႙ትഘ Lj DŽ3Džধߍ ႙ ଙLj DŽ4Džধߍ ۉ Lj DŽ5Džধߍഘ Lj DŽ6Dž 23 ᅚ ـ ᆳ ă ሞፕ ধߍጨᇸ ݛںڦ ݿ ႗ॺ ۉ Lj ۉ ᇱଙ णӷ০ ڦ ౫ ఫ ࠔᇱ ଙă ኄၵ ݴ ဆ ೠ ഐઠ ኍ ܔ ዐࡔ ڦ Lj Ⴙ ܠ ࡔ ᄺ௬ଣጣ ཞ ڦ Lj ዊ ቛ ࡀڦ ୱ ਏᆶ Ⴀ ڦ ă ܔ ዊጨᇸ ڦ ፌᆫ૧ᆩLjᄲᅜ ڦ ጨᇸ रຍፇ ए إ Lj ᄲ ୯ᅃၵ ں ᇘᅺ Ljස ں ૧ᆩఇ๕Ăঢ়ष ቛ Ă౫ ዖ Ă ړ മ౫ᄽ ݭ ച ڦ ૧ᆩጒ Ă ዊጨᇸ ڦ णሏ Ԩ ཉॲĂ ᄲ൱ ݯ ኁ ă ૩සLjዐࡔ ڦ Ⴙ ܠ ዊጨᇸ ںڦ ݿ ᇺ ڦ ઓ ں Lj ୯ ڟ ཨጨĂጨᇸ૧ᆩ ม ቛణՔLj ዊ ۉ ժփ ኄၵ ں Ԩፌ ڦگ रຍ ስǗ ݴ ᆩरຍLjස၄ پ ዊ ሲईႹ ኄၵ ں Ljኄ रຍ ᅜ ڦٷ ঢ়षĂม ᅮă ܔ ᇀणሀ ၜణLjႴᄲᅈ ጨᇸ൧ ਦ ሏᆐࡀ ఇLjᅺ ᆶၵरຍᄲ൱ ࡀٷ ఇ ڦ ዊጨᇸࠃᆌă සࡕ ཚ ԨĂए إ ยแ አཉॲሎႹLj ᅜ ሞড ٷ ᇘ णᇱଙLj ࡀٷ ఇၜణঢ়षฉ ă 23 ໜጣ क़ ڦ ᅎLj ܠ ዖᅺ ᆖၚLjೠࠚ ࡕ Վ LjԈઔ ᇸरຍ ڦ ቛ ౫٩ ᇸႴ൱ ڦ Վ ă ڦ रຍLjස ই ൽᅚ ـ Ă ݯ ඤ Ljᆯᇀ ت ᇀჺ Lj ᅜ ܔ रຍĂঢ়षĂ ม ᆖၚ ݴ ဆăଷ Ljᆯ ᇀࡗ 10 ዐࡔ౫٩ࡀఇഘ रຍ ஃሞरຍฉ ሞऐ ฉ ۼ ၄փ Lj ᅜԨቤ ᇎஃ Lj Ljణമଓ Ăԛ ᅃၵ ں ႎॺକᅃၵধ߇ഘ ײ Ljᆌ ܔ ኄၵၜణ ණኈ LjᅜՍඓණᅜമ ၄ ڦ रຍ ऐ ڟڥޏ କ ਦăසࡕኄ ၵၜణൽ ڥ କ၂ዸ ڦ ቛLj ᆌዘႎ ୯ኄၵरຍă

41 ڼ ቤ ጆત!4/2;!णሀ ݴ ڦݯ ༬ ۅ ኄዖ ᄽ ዊ ޜ ခఇ๕ ݘ ९ᇀধߍ ႙ ଙĂধߍትഘĂধߍഘ ٷ ዐ႙ትഘ ײ ă ࡀఇൽਦᇀ ᇸ ݯ ᇘ ٷڦ Ljኄၵ ၜణ ڦ ሏᆐᅈડᇀᇱଙࠃᆌኁDŽ౫ DžĂ ኁ ዕ ᆩ ኮक़ ڦ ဣă ሏ ࡗ ײ ዐLjᆌॺ ૬ ڦ ᇱଙ णĂሏ ئ ဣཥLjᅜत ڦ ᆩ ݯ ဣཥă ܔ ᇀఫၵ ᇱଙࠃᆌኁᆼ ݯ ኁ ڦ ౫ Lj แ پ ኧ ݛ ӄă ࠃᆌ ڦ ፕ ধߍ Ӏᅃ Բ૩ች໙ ትഘई ႙ ଙLjईኁ ዊ ኁኧ ᇱଙ ݯ ă ܔ ᇀ ᆶणሀ๕ ଙ Ljጆᄽ ײ ย ॺሰ ܓ ՂႷ ڦ ăዐࡔሞኄ ଶᇘᅙঢ়ओ କ ݿ ڦ ঢ়ᄓLj ᄽമৠ ăణമLjዐࡔ ڦ ऐႁ ሰ ࡗ Lj ᅜփႴᄲ ܮ ႗ॺ ሰ ă रຍ ቛ၄ጒत ᇱᅺ ݴ ဆ 25 ස 3.2 ๖Lj ᆩትഘဣཥሞೠࠚ ဣዐ ڦڟڥ ೠ ߛLj ࠕߴᆩ ټ ઠଆ ڦ ঢ়षĂ ม ᅮă ዐ ڦ ม ᅮೠ ᆯჱ ዐࡔ౫ᄽ ٷ ბ ጹ ౫ᄽਸ ዐ႐ ࠃ ڦ ăጆત3.2ዐ௮ କ ᆩትഘ ဣཥ ڦ ᅮă ጆત!4/3;!౫ ትഘဣཥ ڦ ᅮ ሞჱ ٿ ඇ൰ ए ሽ ڦ ጨዺ Lj 1924-PRC ٿ ጨዺକᅃ ᇸ ᇑೠࠚၜణLj ၜణภत ဇĂ ԛă ళ ॿဇ ڦ 340ᇆ ౫ ă ሞଇ ڦܠ क़ Ljၜణཥ କ౫ ᇸ ᇱଙ๑ ᆩ൧ Lj ܔ ගĂትഘ๑ᆩ ڦں ጨᇸĂ ݨ ଙ ౫ କൽᄣ Ljժ ܔ ഘዊଉፔକೠ ܔ Բă ٷ ଉຕ ࡕኤ Lj౫٩ትഘဣཥਏᆶ ڦ ঢ়षĂ ॳ ᅮă ᇑ ᇑၜణ ڦ ౫ ԲLj ᇑၜణ౫ ڦ ፕ ଉሺ 42%Lj ኵሺ 25%ă ౫ ݨ ᆩଉ३ณ37.1%Lj ݨ ଙਸኧ३ณ39.3%ă ᆩትഘဣཥ ᆩትഘरຍሞዐᄕ ݛں አ ڦ ኧ Ljൽ ڥ କ ቛLjᅙঢ় ت ᇀ ăߵ Ė2003Ċ2010 ඇ ࡔ౫٩ትഘॺยࡀ ėLjዐࡔአ ౫ Ⴊॺትഘ ࠃցཌྷă Ljትഘဣཥย Քጚ ॺยरຍፌዕ ᄲ አ ڦ ኧ ൽ ڥ ড ٷ օăణമ ۆڦ ႙ย Đ ᅃđဣཥLj ဣཥԈ ᇮ ă ڼ ᅃ ᆩ ትഘ Ljኄ ᅃ ትഘ টጎዃLjඹଉ 6~10m3ăትഘ টሞࡔ ฉཚ ᄋᄟ Lj ኸ ዖᆶऐ ሞᄋᄟ ཉॲ ԥትഘ ট ݴ ገ Ljፌዕ ትഘ ڦ ࡗ ײ 24ăትഘ ܠ ᆩᇀ غ ă ڼ ᇮ ݾ ՍLjኄ ዐࡔ ትഘ ፌ Փ૧ᆩ ڦ ᆶऐ ݭ ച ă ڼ ᇮ ᆶ ऐ ݨ ଙLjनትഘ টࢫ ڦ ቀᅂ ፕ ᆫዊᆶऐ ݨ ଙᆩᇀ ᇴĂࡕᇴईᇉ ă ౫ ෫ वᆩଉ३ณ33.7%Lj෫ वਸኧ३ณ 98.6%ă CO2 ಇ ݣ ଉ३ณ53%LjSO2 ಇ ݣ ଉ३ณ39.4%LjNOXಇ ݣ ଉ३ณ47%LjTSPಇ ݣ ଉ३ณ52%ă CO2 ३ณ80%, PM10३ณ55%, SO2३ณ7.8%, NH3३ณ 7.8%LjF३ณby 24%ă ฉ ຕ Lj ᆩትഘဣཥਏᆶ ڦ ᅮLjᇨ ३ณCO2ಇ ݣ 84,429 ܖ ă ᆩትഘဣཥᆶጣ၂ዸ ڦ ᅮLjአ ᆌ Ⴤኧ ۯ ౫٩ ں ᆩትഘ ڦ ᅃօ ቛă 24 ཚࡗ ۯ ݾ Սᄋᄟ ݴ ڦ ትഘLjᅃӯԈ 60%~70% ڦ Lj30% ڦ CO2Lj5% ڦ ൠĂ ڌ ĂҽĂ ൠ ኖഘă

42 FIRR54% EIRR55% 86.4% 77.8% 67.5% 1,420,000 3,942,000 6,812,780 2,971,

43

44 28 ዐࡔ౫٩ ዊ ௮ କትഘဣཥዐ ૧ᅮ ݛ ǖፕ แ ኴ ऐࠓ ڦ አ Ăፕ ၹ ፇኯऐࠓ ڦ ౫٩ए ፇኯĂፕ ዷᄲ ᅮට ڦ ᆩ Ă༬ ૧ᅮඖ DŽස౫٩ ትഘरຍᇵĂ ณຕ ፃDžĂरຍ ऐࠓĂትഘ ჺ৯ऐࠓ ౫٩ትഘ ޜ ခࠃᆌฆፇኯă ٷ ዐ႙ትഘ ײ ૦ ฉLjዐࡔ ٷ ዐ႙ትഘ ॺڦײ ยዷᄲ ᇀ ԍణ ڦ Lj ت ౫ᄽև ಇ ڦݣ ᅂ ݭ ă Ljৎઠ ዐࡔአ ዘ ኄ ڦײ ትഘ യ Lj ቻ ٷ ႙Ⴟ ຽᄢ ॺยትഘ ײ ăଷ Ljᅃၵࡔ ትഘ ࠅײ ਸ๔ᆅ ဌ ౹ዞरຍLjᆶၵ౹ዞትഘยԢ ࠃᆌฆᅙঢ়ཚࡗॺ૬ ݛڦ ࠅݴ ๕ ዐࡔ DŽස ENVITEC BeijingĂCOWATEC ฉ Džă Ljዐࡔᅈ ඍ ॺย ሏᆐ ٷ ዐ႙ትഘ ڦײ ă Ljৎઠዐࡔአ ዘ ٷ ዐ႙ትഘ ڦײ യ Lj ቻ ٷ ႙Ⴟ ຽᄢ ॺยትഘ ײ ă ኄၵ ࠃ ࠕ ײ লՍ૧ ڦ ᇸLj३ณ ݭ කLjᅺ ਏᆶଆ ڦ ม ᅮLjኄᄺ रຍ օ ڦ ഽ ۯ ٷ ă ትഘසࡕ ᆩᇀ ۉ Lj ခ և ᅮ୲Բ ᆩᇀ غ ൽ ᄲߛDŽ९ 3.4Džă ٷ ዐ႙ት ഘဣཥ ࠕਖ਼ ޜ ႙ትഘ ୲ড ڦگ Ljሞትഘ ᆩᇀඤ ۉ Ă ك ࠃഘ ڢ ဣཥई ᆩᇀഛ כ Lj ႙ትഘ گڦ ၄ ڥ ᆮ ၂ă ዐࡔ ڦ ትഘ ཚ ᅜ ۯ ݾ Ս ᇱଙLj ڍ ᄺ ཚࡗ ፕ ধߍᄋᄟ ትഘLjኄዖरຍᄺԥ ߅ 4/5ǖ! ٷ ዐ႙ትഘ ײ ጹ ೠ ݔ ೠ एԨ ஃ ॺᅱ रຍೠ ŏŏŏŏ ኍ ݭܔܔ ಇ ڦݣ ᄲ൱ ย DŽĐ ᇸĊ ԍ႙đDžLjईኁ๑ බ ዜ ౫ᄽဣཥDŽ ᇸĊ ༀ႙Džă ŏ Ԩ ᅮೠ DŽ٩पࡀఇDž ŏŏ DŽཞ ᆩᇀ ۉ Dž ᇑ ᆩဣཥ ԲLjᆯᇀ ഘ ໃဣཥཨጨডߛLjሞ٩ᅃप๑ᆩኄ ײ ڦ ትഘ غ ڦ ঢ়ष ခ ᅮ୲ড گ ăᅃ 200 ࠃഘ ڦ ՔጚႿ ຽᄢ ትഘ ײ Ⴔᄲ ๔ཨጨ156 ᇮLj ሏᆐ Ԩ ᇮLj ঢ়ष ᅮ ᇮLjᅺ ခ և ᅮ୲ ڦ Ljঢ়ष և ᅮ୲ 7%ă ጎऐඹଉ 75kW ڦ Քጚ ٷ ዐ႙ትഘ ۉ ײ LjႴ ๔ཨጨ101.7 ᇮLj ሏᆐ Ԩ ᇮLj ᅮ35.1 ᇮLjᅺ ခ և ᅮ୲ 4%Ljঢ়ष և ᅮ୲ 34%ă ਦႿ ක ڦ ᆶ ০ă ٷ ዐ႙ትഘ ڦײ ᅮ ݥ ၂ǖ DŽ1DžႿ ݾ Ս ڟڥ ട تړ ዃLj DŽ2Džᆶ ዊ ڥ ᅜ ت Lj DŽ3Dž ٷ ଉဦਪԥ෫ ă ᆖၚೠ ŏŏŏŏŏ ትഘ پ DŽትഘ ዐႠDžLj ۯ ݾ Սዐվइ Ljᅺ ࠕ३ณ ഘ ಇ ݣ ă አ ڦ ዖघ አ ܔ ᇀဌᆅຳටև ᇑ ཨጨᆮ ዘᄲLj ڍ Ljኄ ٷ ዚ႙ትഘ ࠃ ײ ցཌྷ ߴአ ټ ઠড څ ڦٷ ă ม ᆖၚೠ ŏŏŏ ጹ ೠ ŏŏŏdž٩पࡀఇLjᆩઠ غ ൽ Džŏŏŏ1/2DŽཞ ᆩᇀ ۉ Dž

45 ڼ ቤ रຍ ቛ၄ጒत ᇱᅺ ݴ ဆ 29 4/6ǖ!ᆩᇀ౫٩ൽ Ă غ ٷڦۉ ዐ႙ትഘ ײ Ԩ ᅮ ݴ ဆDŽ311 Dž ဣཥࡀఇ ๔ཨጨ DŽᇮDž ሏ ᆐ Ԩ DŽᇮDž ঢ় ष ᅮ DŽᇮDž ৫ ᅮ DŽᇮDž FJSS DŽ&Dž غ ൽ DŽ200 Dž 1,560, , , ,561 7 ۉ DŽ75kWDž 1,017, , , , Ⴟ ຽᄢ ᆶॺሰ ٷ ዐ႙ ትഘ ڦײ ᅪᇼLj ٷ ዐ႙ትഘ ײ ᄺᆶড ڦ മৠLj ڍ Lj ሞ ቛࡗ ײ ዐᅈ ௬ଣጣᅃဣଚ ሀᅺ LjԈઔ ሏᆐዐ ڦ Lj ᅜतᆩᇀ ڦۉ ትഘ ୲փࠕ ߛ ڪ ă টăኄ ᅃၜႎ ڦ ধߍ টरຍă ӝধߍ ਪዖ Lj ࢫ ݣ ትഘ ዐ ትഘă ኄၜ रຍᅙঢ়ሞ ࡗג 12 ݻ କ๖ ݔ Lj ൽ ڥ କଆ ڦ օ ࡕLj ڍ ධ ت ᇀਸ ă ॺᅱăᇑ ԲLjణമ ٷ ዐ႙ትഘၜణ ڦ ๔ཨጨࡗߛLj ڞ ዂኄၜዘᄲरຍ ቛ ă ਦ ኄᅃ Ljዐࡔአ ᅙঢ়ሺ କ ܔ Ⴟ ٷ ႙ትഘ ڦײ ցཌྷLj ڍ Ⴔᄲ ᆶኍ ܔ Ⴀ ں ցཌྷLjժ ᆫ አ Lj ڼ ቤॽ༪ஃස ਖ਼ ޜ Ԩቱҹă GJSS DŽ&Dž 4 ᅮ ԨԨԲ DŽ Dž ăਸቛ ಢჟ ᅜ ߛ ںړ ትഘरຍටᇵ ڦ ย ፕ Ljྊቛ ᄽခ ዊLjժओट ٷ ዐ႙ትഘ ڦײ ሏ ఇ๕ă ႙ ଙ ዊ ႙ ଙ Lj ॽ ڦ ধߍĂ ኦ ఢ ڪ ౫ଠ ݭ ച फუ ጒई ૭ጒ ࡗ ڦ ײ ă ۆ ႙ ڦ ዊ ଙԈઔᇗ ধߍ ႙ ଙLj ڦ ᇸ ړ ᇀዐዊჶ ă ዊ ਏ ፌ ዷᄲ ڦ ๑ᆩ ႙ ଙ ڦ ยԢLjᇑ د ཥ ሲ ԲLjኄ ዖ ਏਏᆶ ฏ ୲ߛĂ ක ಇ ڪگݣ ᆫ ۅ ă ዐࡔአ ᅙঢ় ܔٷ ႙ ଙ ڦ ኧ ăৎ ઠLj ଙ ڦ ૧ᆩยԢᆶକ ٷ ߀ ă Ljኝ ჾLj ዊ ႙ ଙ ᄽධ ت ᇀ๖ ݔ Lj ๑ᆩኄዖ ଙᆶડᇀ ႙ยԢत ጆᆩ ਏ ࡀڦ ఇ ăঢ়ࡗᅃ क़ ڦ ฆᄽ ७Ljኄ ၜरຍᆶ ደօ ă ᆌ ᅃօ ትഘ ڦײ ฆᄽ ቛLjԈઔ ᇸ ݨ ଙLj ൽᇱଙ ݯ LjሞĖ ۼ ᅱ ກė ল ቛऐ ኤ३ಇଉ ڪ ă ߵ ೠࠚ ࡕLj ႙रຍᆶ ڦ ኝ ၄Ljᆶ ߛ ڦ Ăঢ়ष ม ᅮDŽ९ 3.6DžLjኄၜ रຍ লՍ૧Lj ल دپ ཥ ଙ ፁ౫ ൽ Ⴔ ൱Ljঢ়ष Ԓ୲ডߛă ԨԒߢ أ ཨጨ ॺᅱ Lj ॺᅱ౫ᄽև ഽಢჟዐ႐ ڦ ॺยLjԍቱ ڦں ትഘ ሏ ᅜॽ ႙ ଙरຍፕ ᅃཉ ౫٩ ᇸ ၄ ڦ پ ႎ ০ ᅜ ăኄၜरຍᆩ ݘ Ljሞᅃ

46 / % 27% SO 2 NH 3 CO 1,330, , , ,

47 ڼ ቤ रຍ ቛ၄ጒत ᇱᅺ ݴ ဆ 31 4/3ǖ! ႙ ଙ ᄽࠃᆌ ٩ ݛں ᇸӸࠅ ፕ ধ߇ ण ᇑ ದ ໃ ଙ ದໃ ጆᆩยԢ ሰ >! থ ᇺઠ Ljഓᄽॽ ઠ ଙ ڦ ዷ Ljᅺ ᆌደॷᆩฆᄽऐ ൽ ܔپ ഓᄽ ᆩ ڦ ց ཌྷăጚԢ ኄᅃ ᄽ ڦ ዐ ႙ഓᄽ௬ଣ ڦ Ԉઔǖ DŽ1Džኛൽአ ցཌྷኮ ڦ ևཨጨLjᆮ ჺ ཨጨLj ዺ ޅ ၃ཨጨईᇑჺ৯ऐࠓࠌཞཨጨă DŽ2Dž Ԉ ऐ Ljኄሞ ᄽ ቛ ڦ ๖ ݔ કቧ ൎ ڦ ăଷ Ljᇑ ࡒ Ă ᄞ ൽ / غ ሲਏ ڦ ധ ጆᆩൽ ยԢ غ ሲ Ԉ ཞLjኄ ᅜ ٷٷ ३ณཨጨ Ԩă ٩ ࠕ ၹ ႙ ଙ ڦ ๑ᆩă౫ ࠃ ዊᇱ ଙժࠔச ଙLjᄺ ጣዘᄲ ڦ ፕ ᆩă ዷᄲ૧ᅮ ኁԈઔ ݛں ౫٩ ᇸӸࠅ Ăჺ ऐࠓLjᅜत ౫ ࠔᇱ ଙժገஜߴ ଙ ڦ ዐक़ฆă ধߍ ۉ ধߍ ۉ ኸඇև ᆩ ዊধߍᇱଙLjሞ ጆᆩ ዊኖഛࡒ ዐ ฏ ኖഛLjൻ ۯ ኖഛ ऐ ۉ ۯټ ऐ ڦۉ रຍă ፕ ধ߇ ഘ ڢ ᆩ ትഘ ڢ ᆩ ଙದໃ ᆩ ၜణย ॺย ഘ ሰ ᇑࠃᆌ >!क़থ ধߍ থ ฏ ۉ ᇑ ࡀ ଙ ڦۉ ዷ ᄲሞᇀধߍ ڦ ᇨ ت ࡗ ײ ধߍࡒ ༬Ⴀăኄଇ ۅ ԍኤধߍᆶ ฏĂඤ ୲Ăሏ ᇑ Ⴀ ڦ र ຍ ă ࡔ ฉLj ዊ ฏरຍᅙ ቛ ڟ ডߛ ڦ Lj Ljዐࡔሞย Ă ሰ ሏᆐᆩᇀধߍ ڦۉ ᇨ ت ยԢ ࡒ ݛڪ ௬ชඍ ঢ়ᄓă2006 Lj Ė ም ۉ ėย૬କ ᆫ አ Ljኮࢫ18 ሆፑᆸ ڦ क़ Ljࡔ ߀ ߀ ݛں ጚକ50 ܠ ዊ ۉ ၜణDŽጆત3.3DžLj ย ጺጎऐඹଉ 1,500MWLj ጺཨጨሀ 100ᅢᇮă ࠚ Lj2007 ณᆶ10 ۉ ཨ ሏᆐLjጎऐඹଉሀ 200MWă ধߍ থ ฏ ۉ ᇑ ࡀ ଙ ڦۉ ዷᄲሞᇀধߍ ڦ ᇨ ت ࡗ ײ ধߍࡒ ༬Ⴀăኄଇ ۅ ԍኤধߍᆶ ฏĂඤ ୲Ăሏ ᇑ Ⴀ ڦ रຍ ă

48 MW MW300 MWh CO

49 ڼ ቤ ᆯᇀ ݴ ڦ ౫ ܔ ᇀ تܠٷ ۉ ᇀ ں Lj ᅜLj ݛں አ ᆌጀᅪԍ ౫ ڦ ૧ᅮLjᆶՂᄲᆯ ౫ Ăഓᄽ ၆አ ࠌཞॺ૬ॺ૬ᅃ ౫ፕ ধߍ ጧკ ᇵ DŽCSPCBDžLjᅜԍቱধߍ ڦ ཪ ႠLj ሞඍ ৪ኛ ڦ ᅟዐLjԍ ౫ ሞᇑ ٷ ႙ ۉ रຍ ቛ၄ጒत ᇱᅺ ݴ ဆ 33 ڦ ᅟዐ ڦ ૧ᅮă ౫ ۉ ኮक़ॺ૬ ڦ ᇱ ଙ णፇኯ ๕ ݥ ዘᄲ ڦ ă 4/9ǖ!ধߍ ጹ ೠ ݔ ೠ रຍೠ ŏŏŏŏ एԨ ஃ ॺᅱ रຍᆫ ǖॺยࡀఇড ٷ Lj ᇸገ ୲ߛLjփ ሞ ක ăช ځ ਦ ڦ रຍ ǖ ࡒ ᇑओ ቀĂᇱଙᇨ ت ᅝरຍĂᆅ रຍԨ Ăࡔ ยԢ ሰरຍăໜጣধ ߍ ๖ ۉݔ փ ཨ ሏ Ljኄၵरຍቱҹ ᅜደॷԥਖ਼ ޜ ă Ⴔᄲ ण ሏໃ ٷ ଉ ڦ ዊᇱଙLj ٷ ଉ ԨLj ᄲ൱ߛă ঢ়ष ᅮೠ ŏŏŏ ᆯᇀణമዷᄲᅈ ੨रຍDŽডࡍDžLj ڦۉ ঢ়ष ခ ᅮ୲ گ ᇀഘ ۉ रຍă ጎऐඹଉ 25MW ڦ ๖ ۉݔ LjႴᄲ ๔ཨጨ3.0842ᅢᇮLj ሏᆐ Ԩ2,950 ᇮLj ᅮ7,260 ᇮLj ခ ሞ ᅮ୲ 11%Ljঢ়ष ሞ ᅮ୲ 16%ă ዊ ٷٷࠕ ۉ ३ณ౫٩ ں ধߍགྷक़ ฏ၄ၡLj ३ณ ഘ කĂ߀ ౫٩ ă ᇑཞ ࡀڪ ఇ ڦ ۉ DŽ1.38GW/ Dž ԲLj ধߍ ࠕ ۉ ব 10 ᇆ ܖ Lj३ณSO2ಇ ݣ ଉ 400 ܖ ă ᆖ ၚೠ ŏŏŏ ໜጣ၄ پ रຍ ڦ ᆌᆩLjধ߇ ฏ ݭڦ ഘዐփ ᆶ ഘ Lj ᅜփႴᄲ ܔ ಇ ݣ ჶ פ ፔ Ă أ تڌ ă ᇑཞ ࡀڪ ఇ ڦ ۉ ԲLjጎऐඹଉ 25MW ڦ ዊ ۉ ࠕ३ณCO2ಇ ݣ 10 ܖ ă ჶ פ ዐबࢭփ මႠ ݴ Ljᅺ Lj ᆩ ဢ פأ Ljಇ ݭڦݣ փⴔᄲፔ༬ ت Ljኻᄲ୳ أ ಇ ݣ न ăଷ Lj ዊ ฏ ݴ ڦ ڦ ݨ ă ม ᆖၚೠ ŏŏŏŏ ጹ ೠ ŏŏŏ1/2 ॽፕ ধߍஜߴ ዊ ټ ۉ ઠ ڦ ঢ়ष ᅮLjᆮ ܔ ᇀ ઓ ڍ ዊጨᇸ ں ݿ ڦ ౫ ă ᅃ ੨ኮ ፕ ধߍ ࠕइ ڥ 600ᇮ ڦ Lj ړ ᇀဇև ݻ ઓ౫ ڦ 40%ăཞ Lj ॺڦ ۉ ยĂሏ ᅜतধߍ ण ᅜ ౫ ࠃ ٷ ଉ ڦ ᄽऐ ă

50 34 ዐࡔ౫٩ ዊ /:! ᇑধߍ ጹ ೠ ݔ ೠ एԨ ஃ ॺᅱ रຍೠ ŏŏŏŏŏ ኻᄲ ধߍඤଉሞ ጺඤኵ ڦ 20%ᅜ Lj ࡒ Ⴔ ኝन ሏ ăरຍ ধߍ ت Ăᇨ ت ฉଙ ᇑ ዊᅜ ړ Բ૩ Lj ԍ ኤ ฏጒༀଆ ă ঢ়ष ᅮೠ ŏŏŏŏŏ ᅃ ጎऐඹଉ 32MW ڦ ধߍ ۉ Ⴔ ๔ཨጨ8,357 ᇮLj ሏᆐ Ԩ736 ᇮLj ᅮ ٳ 3, ᇮLj ခ և ᅮ୲ 30%Ljঢ়ष և ᅮ୲ 53%ă ᆖၚೠ ŏŏŏ ม ᆖၚೠ ŏŏŏ ጹ ೠ ౫ፕ ধߍरຍᅃᄣLjሞ၄ᆶ ۉ ধߍ ۉ ᅜ ټ ઠଆ ڦ ม ᅮă ŏŏŏŏ 4/21ǖ!ধߍ ۉ Ԩ ᅮ ݴ ဆ ๔ཨጨ DŽ ᇮDž ሏ ᆐ Ԩ DŽ ᇮDž रຍ ۉ ຕଉ ধߍ 25 30,842 2,950 ᇑধ ߍ 32 8, ৫ ᅮ DŽ ᇮDž ခ և ᅮ ୲DŽ&Dž ঢ়ष և ᅮ ୲DŽ&Dž ᅮ! Ԩ Բ DŽ Dž 7,260 5, , , ঢ় ष ᅮ DŽ ᇮDž ধߍഘ ۉ ਏᆶଆ ڦ ঢ় षĂ ม ᅮLj ڍ Ljሞ ࡗ ײ ዐLj௬ଣጣᅃဣଚरຍ ऐ ቱҹă ধߍഘ ধߍഘ ۉ Lj ኸধߍഘ ࢫ ഘ Lj৫ ࢫ ฏLjൻ ۯ ऐई ഘ ऐLj ۉ ۯټ ऐ ۉ ă Ljኄၜरຍ փࠕ ຄLj ᆶ ৪ኛ Ljᅺ ዊഘ ۉ በ ᆶ ࡀٷ ఇฆᄽ ă ڟ 2006 ڹ Lj ዐࡔ ڠ ഘ ۉ ጎऐඹଉሀ 50MWDŽ ڍ Ljኄዖഘ रຍփ ᆩᇀ ࡀٷ ఇ ۉ Džă ᇀॿ ڦ 4MW ዊ ഘ ഘኖഛ თ ۉ ၜణᅙᇀब മཨ ሏ ă ፕ ধߍഘ ࠃ ࠕ ۉ ল ۉ Ăᆶ૧ᇀ ਦ ౫ᄽ ݭ ച Ăᆶዺᇀ౫ ሺ DŽ 3.11DžLj ᅺ ਏᆶଆ ڦ ঢ়षĂ ม ᅮLj ڍ Ljኄᅃरຍ ሞ ࡗ ײ ዐ௬ଣጣᅃဣଚरຍ ቱҹă ዐፌ ڦٷ ቱҹ ժ ઓవLjᇱᅺස ǖ DŽ1Dž ۉ ଉডณLj ۉ ሏᆐࠅ փᇼ ࠔLj DŽ2Dž ܔ ᇀ ႙ ۉ ઠຫLjጎԢՂႷ ۉڦ ԍ Ҿඇጎዃ փঢ়षăଷ Ljഘ ዐԈ କঋᆳĂ ݴ Ljᆩᇀൻ ۯ ऐ ई ഘ ऐ ۉ ኮമLjՂႷॽኄၵሗዊ ڦ ଉই ڟگ Ҿ ඇ Ljॽኄև ݴ Ԩ੦ ሞড گ ڦ వ ٷ ă

51 35 a 6MW3, ,782 21% 29% a 42007

52 36 ዐࡔ౫٩ ዊ /23ǖ!ধߍഘ Ԩ ᅮ ݴ ဆ ຕଉ ๔ཨጨ DŽᇮDž ሏ ᆐ Ԩ DŽᇮDž ঢ় ष ᅮ DŽᇮDž ৫ ᅮ DŽᇮDž FJSS GJSS ᅮԨԲ DŽ Dž 6 39,039,000 7,800,000 17,820,000 13,839,068 29% 21% EIRR=ঢ়ष և ᅮ୲LjFIRR= ခ և ᅮ୲ ઠᇸǖჱዞਸ ᆀ. ዐࡔ౫٩ ዊ ቛ ჺ৯. க ઙ ଙ एᇀ ܔ Ă ᇸҾඇ ഘࢪՎ ڪ ڦ ጀLj ଙፕ ଙ پ ڦ ॽሁઠሁ ڟ ට ڦ ዘ ă Ljৎઠ Ċ ଙኮኛᅙԥ ጀLjᅺ ሞ ᄽ ቛࡀ ݛ ௬ՂႷ LjՂႷᄲ ୯ ଙ ڦ ඇ ዜ ᅮă ᇸፕ ፌ ᅓሞՉ ں ฉዖ ኲLjԈઔ Ă ݘࢡڦض ڪں ă ᅚ ـ ᆳरຍణമ ت ᇀ ᄓईฆᄽ ራ Lj ᄽ ᆶ ሞ5~10 ၄ă ଙरຍLjසଛ ᆳĂ ዊ ݯ ഘ ൠ ڪ ௬ଣጣᅃဣଚरຍ Ԩቱҹă रᇲჺ৯ କ ᇸፕ ൽ ᅚ ـ ᆳ ڦ യ Lj ڍ ᆶ ܔ ଷ ᅃዖ ڦ ଙጨ ᇸĊĊଠఢጨᇸDŽසᆳଙ ዖDž ჺ৯ă ᅚ ـ ă ᅚ ـ रຍᅙሞև ݻ ݴ କ ܠ ڦ ۅ LjణമLjዐࡔአ ᅙਸ๔ ٷ ଉཨ ጨ ቛኄ ၜरຍă2005 Ljዐࡔ๑ᆩᇗ ᇱଙ ᅚ ـ 102 ܖ ăᅚ ـ Ӏቷ1:10 ڦ Բ૩ᇑഛᆳ ᆩፕ כ ᆩ ᇸ 25ăዐࡔአ ࠚ Lj ڟ 2010 Ljᅚ ـ ഛᆳॽ ඇ ࡔഛᆳ ݯ ଉ ڦ ᅃӷᅜฉă ჱ ೠࠚ ࡕ၂๖LjངߛଅĂ ఢ ߆ኃ ፌ ൽ ᅚ ـ ڦ ዖᇱଙLj ਏᆶଆ ڦ Ăঢ়ष ม ᅮă ړ Ljට ཞ ᄺ څ ᆭ ں ܔ ᆶ ૧ᆩĂ ᇸዖኲ ࠓLjᅜत౫ ᄽࠅ ሰ ᅃ ڦ ᆖၚă Ⴙ ࠅٷܠ ᅙঢ়Ⴧքକࢢ ڦ ዊ ཨጨ ăዐࡔ ᆳཀ ഘण ࠅ ᅙᇑ ج አ ധ ཞLjሞ ॺج Ljᅜ߆ ᇱ ଙ כ ᆩᅚ ـ Lj 60 ܖ Ljཞ ᅜ ކ ጯ ᇱଙ ᆳLj 10 ܖ ă ዐ ण ሆཪ Lj ॽཨጨ10ᅢᇮ ሞ ဇ ں ॺሰᅃ ٷ ႙ᅚ ـ Lj 40 ܖ Ljᅜఢ ᇱଙăण ᇸ ᄽևጺঢ় ሄࡔਭ ኸ Lj ཚࡗ ౫ መಢఢ ժᇎᅜ ࠔLj ӻዺ 110 ౫ 26ă ჱ ೠࠚ ࡕ၂๖LjངߛଅĂఢ ߆ኃ ፌ ൽ ᅚ ڦـ ዖᇱଙLj ਏᆶଆ ڦ Ăঢ় ष ม ᅮă ړ Ljට ཞ ᄺ څ ᆭ ܔ 25 ႎ ม ዐࡔॽ ᇸև ࠃցཌྷ.ԛ ඖᆈ ظ ᄽ रᆶ ࠅ. 12ሆ1න. ઠᇸǖ 26 ႎ ม ዐࡔॽ ᇸև ࠃցཌྷ.ԛ ඖᆈ ظ ᄽ रᆶ ࠅ. 12ሆ1න. ઠᇸǖ

53

54 38 ዐࡔ౫٩ ዊ 2020 ᆌ ܔ Lj౫ᄽև ࡔ ߀ DŽࡔ ᇸਆDžᆌओटၹ ኸ ڞ ౫ ዖኲ ᇸፕ Ljժኸ ڞ ଙ ॺڦ ยă 4/24ǖ! ଙೠ ݔ ೠ एԨ ஃ ॺᅱ ᅚ ـ DŽᇱଙǖངߛଅĂఢ ߆ኃDž ߆ኃĂངߛଅ ఢ ڦ ᅚ ـ ገ ୲ ᇗ ई ڦ 2~3ԠLj ݥ ౫ ă रຍೠ ঢ়ष ᅮೠ ŏŏŏŏ ŏŏŏ DŽངߛଅDž ŏ DŽఢ ߆ኃDž ଙᅚ ـ ཚࡗ ট ڦ Ljन૧ᆩ ڦ টፕᆩॽ ݴ ई ݹۏ ገ ᅚ ـ CO2 ݛڦ Ljᄺ ॽ ࢫም ট ᅚ ـ ă ᇑఢ ԲLjངߛଅገ ୲ ߛLjᇱଙ Ԩ گ ăᇑ߆ኃ ԲLjངߛଅ ጯ ڦ ኵড ٷ Lj ࠕ ց ฎ ڦگ ገ ୲ăངߛଅఱ Ă ఱჸ Lj ሞඪ ගዐዖኲă ۆܔ ႙ ᅚ ـ ၜణ ڦ ԨĊ ᅮ ݴ ဆ Ljངߛଅ ڦ ঢ়ष ᅮፌߛLj ခ և ᅮ୲ 12%Ljঢ়ष և ᅮ୲ 15%Lj ଉ 5,000 ڦܖ Ⴔ ๔ཨጨ1,750 ᇮă ঢ় Ljഛᆳ ᆳ ڦ ᅚ ـ ଙ ᅮଆ LjE10DŽሞഛᆳዐ 10% ओ ڦ ᅚ ـ Dž پ ഛᆳ ๑PmĂCO CH 4 ڦ ಇ ݣ ଉ ݴ ই 44%,26% 15%aLj ڍ ሞగၵ ཉॲ LjNOxಇ ݣ ଉॽᆶ ሺ bă ᆳዐ 10%~15% ڦ ᅚ ـ Lj ࠕ३ಇ ૭ ዊ20%~40%Lj३ಇNOx 4%~5%că ᆖၚೠ ม ᆖၚೠ ŏŏŏdžངߛଅDž ŏŏŏŏdžఢ ߆ኃDž ŏŏŏŏŏ ዐႠă ᇸፕ ሞ ײࡗ ዐLj ഘዐဌ CO 2Ljԥ ଙ ฏ Ljᆼॽဌ ڦ CO2ಇ ٷڟݣ ഘዐă Ljሞగၵ൧ Lj ᇸፕ ܔ ሰ ǖ DŽ1Dž ᇸፕ ײࡗ ዐႴᄲଡ ݨڌ ݨ Lj ኄ ڞ ዂ ග ڦ ༬Ⴀ Վ Ljժ ܮ ಇ ݣ ഘ DŽN2ODžǗ DŽ2Džසಢᇣࡗ ײ ዐփ ࡀ Lj ᆅഐ တ ں Ă ܠ ᄣႠ ইĂ ༀဣཥࠀ ३ ڪ Ǘ DŽ3Dž ၥ ගፕ ࠀڦ Lj ڞ ዂ ഘ ಇ ݣ ଉ ڦ ሺ ă ଙ ᄽ ڦ ቛॽघ ౫ ዖኲ ᇸፕ ڦ ओटႠLj ፌ ڦ ਦ౫٩ ᄽ Ljሺ ౫ Ljժ ณຕ ፃ ࠃ ፕऐ ڦ ዊरຍă ፕऐ ዷᄲઠᇸᇀ ᇸፕ ዖኲĂᇱଙ ण ଙ ڪ বă ݴ ౫ ᇸፕ ಢᇣ ڦ ዷ ă ጹ ೠ ŏŏŏŏdžངߛଅDžŏŏŏ1/2džఢ ߆ኃDž থ ᄻ

55 39 2%~30% CO HC 1/2 a ,3(23) b c Spreen, K Evaluation of Oxygenated Diesel Fuels. San Antonio, Texas: Southwest Research Institute

56

57 (45%) 3, (58%) 4, (63%) 2, (52%) 4, (50%) 3, (67%) 2, (64%) 2, (57 ) 2,660

58

59 50%

60 ,000 6,000 8, , ,000 5,000 4,000 10,000 2 /

61 % ,0001/350% 250 m 3 300m 3 80% 20201, ,0001, % ,00050 m % ,000 5,0001 =1/153334, , , % ,200 6,000 7,600/ ,0001/2.2580% 65% 280mtce=182mtce

62

63 GB GB

64

65

66

67 ڼ ቤ ຍLjժᆶፁࠕ ڦ ጨᇸԍኤ Ⴤ ቛăਸ ዊ LjՂႷ ܔ ሞ ڦں ૧ᆩጨᇸଉᆶፁࠕ ڦ କ Lj ስ ޙ ڦ रຍăཚࡗჺ৯ ں ཉॲत ܔ ዊ ቛ ڦ ᆌႠLjഓᄽ ᅜ ၄ ሀ ዊ Ⴤ ቛ ںڦ ᇘᅺ ă ቛ ዊ փ ߟᅃ ژ ൎă Ⴤ ቛ ڦ ቱҹLj ࠕཚࡗአ Ăऐ බጨർ ڢ ᇎᅜਖ਼ ޜ ă Ⴤ ቛቱҹ1ǖᆩ ኧ इൽትഘժ ዐ ᅮ ڼڦ ᅃօփ ጨ DŽ ኄ ՂႷ ڦ DžLj ण ࠕ ڟ ፁትഘ ဣཥ Ⴔ ڦ ዊጨᇸă Lj ઓ౫ ᄢ ڦ Ⴟ ईዖኲ ڦ ፕ ཚ ຕଉড Lj ፁትഘ ڦ ᇱଙႴ൱Ljᄺ ཚࡗ๑ᆩትഘ߀ ঢ়षม ጒ ă इൽፁࠕ ڦ ዊጨᇸࢫLj౫ ௬ଣ ڼڦ ቱҹ ॽ ትഘ ॺ ย ሏᆐ ڦ ጨ ઠᇸ ăࠔச ॺሰ ᆩትഘ ڦ മ ཨጨࡗߛLjኄ ౫ వᅜᇈሁ ڦ ቱҹLj ࠕӻዺ ೦ኄᅃቱҹ ڦ බጨർ ڢ ᆶ Ljन ๑አ ߴᇎ50% ڦ Ԩցཌྷᄺ փࠕ ڦ DŽ९ጆત5.1Džă ૩සLjዐࡔ ᆩትഘဣཥ Ԩᅃӯ 2,000ᇮLj ઓ ں ڦ ౫ ට 2,500~3,000ᇮLjߵԨ ኧ ትഘ ॺ ย Ԩă Ljჱ ၜణ แࡗ ײ ዐLj ᅮ౫ ሺ 86.4%Ljᅺ ዐࡔአ ᆌ አ Lj घ ઓ ڦ ౫ ቛትഘဣཥă ᅃ ڋ ౫ ᆶ ኧ ᆩትഘဣཥDŽᅃӯ ትഘ Dž ॺڦ ย ሏᆐ ԨLj ᅜ ዐ ᅮLj ᆩ ԨĂ હ ۯ क़ Ԩኧ ٷٷॽ ३ณăᆯᇀትഘ ࠕᆩᇀൽ Ă غ ൻ ۯ ऐLj౫ փⴔᄲም क़ლቴ ଙ ईࠔச ᇸ ă ܔ ᇀ๑ᆩ ۯ ݾ Ս ڦ ትഘဣཥLj౫ ࠕॽትഘ ቀᅂஜߴ ৎ ڦ ౫ᄽഓᄽLjසຽᄢ Ăᇉ ࡕᇴǗස ॽትഘቀᅂፕ ᆶऐ ں ݨ ૧ᆩLj ࠕሺ ౫ᄽ ଉLj ժ३ณ ݨ ኧ ăଷ Ljትഘဣཥ ࠕӻዺ౫ ت ۯ ݾ ՍLj ३ณ කăড ڦٷ ትഘ ۉ ဣཥLjසࡕཉ ॲ Lj ᅜॽ ܠ ᇆ ۉڦ ஜߴࠅࠌ ۉ DŽසᇑ ۉ क़ ೦ቱҹLj Ⴤ ቛ 51 ڦ ਐ ሞ থ ݔ Lj ۉ ᇼᅪࠔசDžă ጆત6/2ǖ౫٩ትഘॺยࡔቐၜణ ౫ᄽ ݭ ച ጹ!!!!!!!!!! ૧ᆩ ٿ ၜణ ౫٩ትഘॺยࡔቐၜణ๔ᇀ2003 Ljణമධ ౫٩ ዊ ቛ ڦ ዘᄲਉ ٯ ă2003ċ2007 Ljࡔ አཨ 1ᅢᇮሺ ڟ 25ᅢᇮǗ2008 Ljፕ ᅃફጱঢ়ष घ ڦ ᅃև ݴ Ljࡔ ցཌྷሺ ڟ 60ᅢᇮă ዐᄕአ ኍ ܔ ᆩትഘ ॺ ย ڦ ցཌྷአ Ԉઔǖဇ ԛ ԛ 1,200ᇮLjဇళ 1,000ᇮLj ں 800ᇮă ၜణट ٷ କඇࡔ ݔ ᆩትഘ ڦ ቛă ၜణᆶ ۅ փፁǖ DŽ1Dž ܔ Ⴙ ܠ ઓ ں ڦ ցཌྷ گࡗ Lj ӻዺ౫ ॺ ትഘဣཥǗ DŽ2Džցཌྷ ፁၜణႴ൱Lj ڞ ዂဣཥ փ Ă Ǘ DŽ3Džᇑ ቛĂ౫ ሺ ኮक़ փߛă ᇑ౫٩ትഘॺยࡔቐၜణ ԲLjჱ ጨዺ ڦ ౫ᄽ ݭ ച ᆶ ૧ᆩၜణDŽEfficient Utilization of Agricultural Wastes ProjectDž ᅃ ጹ ڦ ᆩትഘ ቛၜణă փ ౫ ࠃ ٿܮ ኧ ትഘ ॺ ยLj ጨዺ౫ ࠔசፁࠕ ڦ Ⴟ ᅜ ݴ ૧ᆩትഘLj ၜణኧ ౫ ๑ ᆩትഘ ዐ ڦ ᆶऐ ݨ ᇴĂࡕᇴ ᇉ แ ݨ Lj ߛ ă ჱ ᇑඇ൰ ए ᅙࠌཞ ጨኧ ౫٩ ᇸበॺ ยLjኼሞ ౫ ࠃ ڦݘ रຍኧ ಢჟLjժԍኤᅙ ॺ ትഘဣཥ ڦ Ⴤሏ ă2006 Ljჱ ᇑዐࡔአ ࠌ ཞ൪ጁ ፕ20ዜ Lj ၜణԥೠ ჱ ཨጨĐᆶᆖၚ ݔ ૩đă ᆩትഘဣཥDŽᅃӯ ትഘ Dž ॺڦ ย ሏᆐLjփ Ⴔᄲጨ Lj Ⴔᄲरຍᇑ ޜ ခă ᆩትഘဣཥDŽᅃӯ ትഘ Dž ॺڦ ย ሏᆐLjփ Ⴔᄲጨ Lj Ⴔᄲरຍᇑ ޜ ခăᆩ ೦മଇ ቱҹ ࢫLjनइൽକ ፁ ڦ ዊጨᇸ ፁࠕ ڦ ጨ ኧ ॽ ௬

68 / ~0.45 / ~150

69 ڼ ቤ ړ ցཌྷă አ ࡔ ߀ Ă አևĂ౫ᄽևĂࡔ ခጺਆ ࡔ ଠᄽਆ ք ڦ 3ă ೦ቱҹLj Ⴤ ቛ 53 ત5.4Džă ڍ ጺ ઠຫLjኄၵႎ ڦ አ ٯ แLjᆮ ዊ ۉ ցཌྷአ Ljփ ਦ ዊ ቛዐᇜ ڦڟ ቱҹLj Ԩዊฉփ૧ᇀ၄ پ ዊ ڦ ਸ ૧ᆩă ጆત6/4ǖ!አ ܔ ቛ ଙ ڦ ኧ ዐࡔĖ ም ᇸ ėย૬କ ም ᇸ ቛए Ljᆩᇀኧ ᅜ ၜణǖ ଙरຍჺ৯LjՔጚ Lj ๖ ײ ݔ Ljጨᇸ Ăೠ ႑တဣཥॺยLjᅜतࡔ ยԢ ሰ ڪ ă ଙԥଚ Ė ም ᇸ ᄽ ቛ ኸ ڞ ణ ėLjยԣ ሰ ᇸፕ መಢ ၛ ࡔ ٿ ᆫ ă ߵ ඇ൰ցཌྷ ཥ ڦ አ ຕ Lj2006 Ljዐࡔ ଙ ࠃକጺଉ 7.8ᅢᇮට ԼDŽሀ1.15ᅢ ᇮLj ሀ0.40 ᇮDž ڦ ցཌྷLj ዐԈ କ ࠃߴ5 ጀ ᅚ ـ ഓᄽ ڦ ցཌྷLjᅜत௨ گ တ ڪ ٿ ᆫ አ Ǘଷ Ljཚࡗሞ10 ݻ ഽ ᅚ ـ ഛᆳDŽनE10ഛ ᆳLjᆯ90% ڦ ཚഛᆳᇑ10% ڦ ଙᅚ ـ Dž ᅃ օኧ ଙ ڦ ቛă ߵ ࠚݛ Lj ڟ 2020 Ljᆩᇀኧ ᅚ ـ ᆳ ቛ ڦ ጺጨ ᆶ ڟٳ ሀ80ᅢᇮට ԼDŽሀ12ᅢ ᇮDžăଷ Lj౫ ሞՉ ں ฉመಢ ᇸፕ ᄺॽइ ڥ ցཌྷLjցཌྷຕ ܮ ࠅ൨ 3,000ᇮට Լă ጨଙઠᇸǖGlobal Studies Initiative Biofuels At What Cost? Government Support for Ethanol and Biodiesal in China. Geneva. Available: China_Biofuels_Subsidies.pdf ዐࡔአ ৎ କᅃફጱኼ ሞ ዊ ᄽ ቛ ڦ አ LjԈઔ ޅ ၃ጚԢ Ăցཌྷ ३ ڪ ă ᅜฉአ ౮ ᅙ ९ Lj ۯ କࠅࠌև ຳ ᆐև ሞ ዊ ॺ ۉ ย ሏᆐଶᇘ ڦ ፕDŽ९ጆ!ጆત6/5ǖጨዺ ዊ ڦ ۉ ቛ ࡔዐ ۉ ᆶ ࠅ DŽChina Holdings, through its controlled subsidiary China Power, Inc.Džፌৎᇑ ഌአ DŽOngniute governmentDžധ କ ཞLjइ ڥ ᅃ ዊ ڦ ۉ ਸ ॺย Lj ၜణ ۉ ጎऐଉ 50MW,ॺ ࢫ Ljࠅ ዊ ၜణጺ ۉ ጎऐඹଉ ॽ ڟٳ 200MWLjᇨ ۉ ጺଉॽ ٳ 4ᅢഥ ă ߵ ॺ ย ཞLj ഌ አ ཞᅪ ዐ ۉ ࠃ 200చၜణॺยᆩ ڦں ๑ᆩ Lj ጚଷ 50 చধߍጨᇸ ں ڦ ݿ ፕ ۉ ሏᆐኧ ᇘǗዐ ۉ ၜణ ཨጨ5.8ᅢᇮă ၜణ ں ዐᄕአ ዊ አ ԍ Ǘଷ Lj ഌአ څ ԍǖ DŽ1Džၜణइ ݛںڦڥ ᆀ ٿ ၛ ૧୲ᆫ Ljኄև ٿݴ ጺཨጨ ԨDŽ5.8ᅢᇮDž ڦ 65%Ǘ DŽ2Džዐࡔࡔ ۉ ඇ ܮ ࠔ ۉڦ ۉ Lj ࠔ ۉ 0.60~0.65ᇮ/ഥ DŽሀ0.08~0.09 ᇮ/ഥ DžǗ DŽ3Dž ࢫ ॺ ۉ Ljഌአ ݓ ዐ ۉ 1,320 ᇮጨ ă ၜణॺยዜ ሀ 2 ă ഌአ ࠃ ᆶՂႷอ ॲᅜत ए إ ยแ ޜ ခLjසཚ ۉ Ăཚ Ăཚ႑Ăཚୟ ڪ Ǘዐ ۉ ሴ ण ᆶ ॺ ۉ ย ሏ ጨ Ljժ૧ᆩፌ ڦ रຍă ଷ Lj ഌአ ཞᅪ ۉ ሏᆐമ ௨ছ ڥ Ljথ ઠ ڦ ୲փ ࡗג 12.5%ă ઠᇸǖEnergy DailyDŽ න ᇸ በDž ሆ17න. ዐࡔ ࠅݻ Ⴧքਸ ዊ ም ᇸ. reports/china_holdings_announces_biomass_renewable_ene rgy_development_999.htmlă ૩සLjरᇲჺ৯ፇ ၄Lj Ė ም ᇸ ėዐࡀ ۉڦ փፁᅜ๑ ዊ ۉ इ૧ăጆ ჺକణ 3 ႎ ม ሆ1න. ዐࡔ ᇸև ࠃցཌྷ. ԛ ඖᆈ ظ ᄽ रᆶ ࠅ. ઠᇸǖ

70 % kW 500kW 3 90% 50,

71 % , 18 April Graham-Harrison, Emma. 2009, 23 June. China Arable Land Fears End Reforestation Drive. : environmentnews/idustre55m27f

72 ,500 ~7, %CH 4 50%NO 2 92% % , CO 2 CO , SO , NOX , TSP ,875 3, t=, tce=, TSP= Global Subsidies Initiative Biofuels-At What cost? Government Support for Ethanol and Biodiesel in China. Geneva. www. globalsubsidies.org/files/assets/china_biofuels_subsidies.pdf 7 Pew Center on Global Climate Change Climate Change Mitigation Measures in the People's Republic of China ,100127

73 57 9 CDM1 2 CDM 20081,630 CDM 4 CDM 5.5 Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Wastes ProjectCDM 115,000~20,000 39,000 CO 2 CDMCDM CDM CDMCDM 9

74

75 5~

76 60 ዐࡔ౫٩ ዊ 2020 ૧ᆩኄၵጨᇸLjժॺ૬Ҿඇ پ ڦ ᇸဣཥăሞ ዐࡔLj ᅜ ၂ ڟ ں Ljአ ᅃӝມඬॵLjႴᄲ ཞ ௬ ܔ ঢ়ष گڦ ୲ ăᅜ ᇀ ዊᇱଙ૧ᆩ ڦ አ ॺᅱǖ DŽ1Džধߍăধߍፕ ౫ᄽ ڦ Lj ۼٷ ԥ ړ ݭ ച ሞགྷक़ ݷ ฏLjሰ ჹዘ ڦ ᇘ කă ٷ አ ኴ Lj ౫ᄽধߍ ߛ ዊ ଙገ Lj ᅜ ߛ၄ᆶ ԍአ ڦ ă DŽ2Dž ۯ ݾ Սăට د ཥฉॽ ݾ Ս ړ ፔ ݨ ଙแᇀ ౫གྷዐLj ڍ ໜጣ ᄢኳᄽ ڦ փ કቧLj ٷ ଉ ݾ Ս ঢ়ॠᄓ ԥໜᅪ ت ዃLj ڞ ዂ ݛں ጨᇸ කăᆌ አ Ljॽሞຽᄢ ॺ ย ٷ ዐ႙ትഘ ဣཥፕ ᆌ ܔ ኄᅃ ڦ ᆶ ٯ แLjժ ഽ੦ ຽᄢ ݭ ක ڦ ࡀ ڦ ኴ ă DŽ3Dž ᇸፕ ă ୯ ڟ Đփᇑ ኛ ں đ ڦ ᇱሶLjᆌ ට ૧ᆩՉ ں ዖኲ ᇸፕ Lj Lj አ Ⴔᄲ አ ᅜ ਦබጨ Ljཞ ই گ ཨጨ ޅ ၃ă ԍኤ پ ଙࠃᆌ ڦ ჄႠLjᆌ ցཌྷአ Ljස ܔ ᇀਸ Չ ں ዖኲ ᇸፕ ڦ ౫ ईഓᄽߴᇎᅃ ႠցཌྷLj ࠃ௨ ݯ ዖጱ ݨ ଙ ڪ ցཌྷLjঢ় ࡗᅃ क़Lj ړ ᇸፕ ୲ ڟٳ ᅃ Lj ཕኹցཌྷă ᆶՂᄲॺ૬ჺ ๖ ݔ ጆၜए Lj ཨ ጨ փ ᅓณᇀ1ᅢᇮă!ጆત7/2ǖൽ غ ଶᇘ ڦ ᆌᆩǖ ࡔ ঢ়ᄓ ړ ዐࡔኟሞศ ౫ᄽ ݭ ച ڦ ጨᇸ ૧ᆩ ݔڦ Lj ᅃၵࡔ ሞ ዊ ᄽଶᇘᅙঢ়ൽ ڥ କ၂ ዸ ࠀ ڦ Ljኄၵࡔ ঢ়ᄓᅙঢ়ԥႀ କჱ ڦ ᅃၜरᇲ ჺ৯Lj ၜణ ჱ ӻዺዐࡔ ዊ ቛࡔ ࠃ ڦ ă ሞԥ ჺ ࡔڦ ዐLjᆇ ٩पትഘ ײ ቛአ ܔ ዐࡔ༬ ᆶᅪᅭăሞዐࡔLj أ ᆩትഘဣཥ Lj ࡀఇ ڦ ትഘဣཥ ۼ ௬ଣጣ ڦٷ ቛቱҹLjትഘဣཥ पড ઓవăᆯᇀ څ ႐ᅃᄟ ಇ ڦݣ ഘ Ljᆇ ժփ ቛ٩पഘ ࠃഘဣཥǗ Ljᆯᇀᅃӷᅜฉ ڦ ౫ ඍ ۉ ࠃᆌLjᆇ ओटኧ ࡀఇ ዊഘ ࠃ ۉ ဣཥLjᅜ ౫٩ ۉ ࠃᆌუ ă ሞൽ ଶᇘLj౹ ڦ አ ܔ ዐࡔ༬ ᆶᅪᅭă౹ ዊ ႙ ଙ ڦ ᄽ ቛLjᅜ ፁ ݯ ኁ ܔ ၄ پ Ս૧ ଙ ڦ Ⴔ൱Ljዐࡔ ᅜ ६ ঢ়ᄓLj ڍ ႙ ଙ ڦ Ԩ ߛLjႴᄲ አ ᅜই گ ᆩ ԨLjአ ॺᅱස ǖ DŽ1Dž ႙ ଙ ഓᄽ ࠃ گ တ ٿ Ă څ ٿ ԍ ᆫ Ǘ DŽ2Dž ዊ ႙ ଙՔጚǗ DŽ3Dž ܔ ႙ ଙጆᆩ ਏ ҾඇණኤǗ DŽ4Dž گ བྷࠔச ႙ ଙतጆᆩ ਏ ࠃ ցཌྷă ዐࡔ ዊ ڦ യ ٷ ڦ Lj ڍ ቛዐᇜ ڦڟ ቱҹᄺ ٷ ሗ ڦ ă አ ణՔ3ǖ रຍ ዊ ႙ ଙ አ ణՔ2ǖ ჺ ๖ ݔ ၄౫٩ ዊ ቛ ణՔLjᆌӀቷ ڼ ቤ ڦ रຍୟ Ⴤ ۯ रຍ օăᆌӝ रຍ ڦ ჺ ᅜतत ڦ ۅ Ă๖ ݔ ፕ ࡔ ڦ ዘᄲፇ և ݴ Ljփ ٷ ཨጨ ă ሞዐࡔ౫٩ ں Lj ႙ ଙ ڦ ԨࡗߛLj କ ᄽ ڦ Ⴤ ቛLjሞࡗ ᆌߴᇎ አցཌྷăॺᅱ ᅜ ݛ ௬ ցཌྷǖ DŽ1Dž ٩प ଙ ഓᄽ ࠃᅃ ႠยԢցཌྷǗ DŽ2Dž ౫ ࠔச ଙጆᆩ ሲ ࠃցཌྷǗ DŽ3Džᅈ ႙ ଙ

77 ڼ ቤ ኮक़ ڦ LjӀቷᅃ Բ૩ ๑ᆩ ଙ ڦ ഓᄽईዕ ᆩ ࠃ Ԩցཌྷă ᄽࡀఇ ڦ ትഘ ăሞጺ ቛ ዐLj փॺᅱ ٩पትഘ ࠃ ײ አցཌྷLj ڍ ६ᇀ ࠕ ݛں ഓᄽ ࠃඤ Ăኖഛ ൽ ᆩ Lj ኄၵഓᄽᆮ ᄽࡀఇ౫ᄽ ᄽ ڦ ቛLjᆌਸቛ रຍჺ Lj ྌݴ ਢၜణയ ă ዊ ۉ ă Ė ም ᇸ ėࡀ Lj ዊ ۉ ᆌ Բ ںړ ऐፇՔ߇ฉ ۉ ߛ0.25ᇮ/kWh DŽ९ጆત6.2Džă ݯ ᆩ ݴ ऐ 1 ᅙঢ়ॺ૬ഐઠLj ڍ Ⴔ ᄲ ᅃօ߀ Ljժ ႙ ዊ ۉ ă Ljአ ᆌǖ DŽ1Dž አ แLj DŽ2Džॺ૬ჹ ڦ ኴ ײ ႾǗ DŽ3Dž ᇑยԢࠃᆌฆĂࠅᆩ ᄽࠅ Ăഓᄽ ٩ግ ࠏݴ ཚLjই گ ཉॲLjԍቱ ႙ ዊ ࠕ ۉ ฉ ă አ ᆅ ڞ Ă ॺ ยᇑබጨ 61 ݥ ፕ ଙăߵ Đ ᇸ ޔ አ แॺᅱđLj ݥܔ ፕ ଙ አցཌྷLjਏ Ԉઔǖৎ Lj แघ Ⴀአ Lj Չ ں ਸ Ă ᇸፕ መಢᅜत ᅚ ـ ᆳ ڦ Ǘࡀ د ཥ ଙዐՂႷ ଙLjժ ፌ گ ՔጚLjഛᆳዐᆌ ᅚ ـ Lj ᆳዐႷ ᆳLjഐ๔ Բ૩ ย 5%ፑᆸLjኮࢫደॷ ߛăዐ Lj แଳऄ ڦ ցཌྷአ Ljᅜց ഓᄽ ڦ Ljժॽ ଙ Ԩ੦ ሞᇑᆳ ڦړ DŽ९ጆત6.3Džă ᆌਸቛरຍჺ Lj ྌݴ ਢၜ ణയ ă!ጆત7/3ǖዐࡔ ዊ ۉ ᆫ ሆዐࡔཚࡗକĖ ም ᇸ ėLj ᇀ2006 1ሆኟ๕ ă ᇀ ዊ ۉ Lj ࡀ ዊ ۉ ၜణฉ ۉ አ Lj ۉ Քጚᆯ DŽጲዎ Ă Dž2005 ऐፇՔ߇ฉ ۉ ഥ 0.25ᇮցཌྷ ۉ ፇ ăएጚ ۉ ዊฉ DŽጲዎ Ă Dž ۉ ڦۉ ԨLjᅃӯ ഥ 0.3~0.45ᇮă Ė ም ᇸ ė แ18 ሆࢫLjࡔ ߀ प ߀ ݛں ጚႎॺକ50 ዊ ۉ Lj ጎऐጺඹଉ 1,500MWLj ཨጨ ٳ 100ᅢ ᇮă Ԩ ᅮ ݴ ဆ ࡕ Ljዐࡔ ڦ ዊ ۉ ցཌྷአ Ⴔᄲ ኝă ም ᇸአ ڦࠀ ᅃ Ⴀཉॲ ๑ཨጨኁ ࠕൽ ڥ ڦ ԒLj ޏ ሶLj බऐࠓփ ࠃጨ ኧ ăዐࡔ ڦ Ė ም ᇸ ėᇑ ڦ አ ࡀLjሞಢᇣ ም ᇸ ᄽ ቛ ݛ ௬एԨൽ ڥ କ ࠀ Ǘ Ljໜጣᅃၵၜణ ڦ ደօ Lj ሏᆐ Ԩॷॷ ඓLjአ Ⴔᄲߵ ኄၵ႑တ ኝ ዊ ۉ አ ă ሞჱ ӻዺዐࡔ ዊ ቛࡔ ࠃ ڦ रᇲჺ৯ዐLjጆ ܔ ዐࡔब ت ሞॺ ዊ ڦ ۉ Ԩ ᅮ କ ݴ ဆLjኄၵၜణၛ ም ᇸ ۉ ցཌྷLjժ ၛᆶᅃၵ ᆫ አ ă ࡕ Ljन๑ ၛ ፌ ڦ ײٷ ᆫ DŽሺኵ ୲ ڥ ୲ 0DžLj ٷ և ࡀݴ ዐ ۉڦ ᄺժփਏԢ Ԩ ᅮLj৯ ᇱᅺዷᄲᆶ ݛ ௬ǖ DŽ1Džራ ڦ ब ۉ ๑ᆩ ੨ࡒ तದ༫रຍLj๑ ڇڥ ཨጨሺ କሀ50ǁǗ DŽ2Džణമ ዊ ଙ ڦ Բ ߛ50ǁ ᄲ ܠ ăएᇀᅜ ฉೠ Lj ණ ໜጣ2007 ۯ Ⴊॺ ۉڦ ሏ Ԩॷॷ ඓLjႴᄲ ܔ ၄ Ė ም ᇸ ė ۉ Ⴊ߀ă 1 Ė ም ᇸ ۉ ݯ ᆩ ݴ Ӹ ėă

78 % 50/ 750 / 45/, 30% 650 / 50/50% 500 / /

79 ڼ ቤ አ ᆅ ڞ Ă ॺ ยᇑබጨ Ljአ ᆌߴᇎᆩ 650ᇮ/ ڦ ցཌྷLjᆩᅜցཌྷ ڢ ဣ ཥ ዕ ยԢኧ ă አ ణՔ 4 ǖ ౫٩ ዊ ڦ ᄽ ቛ ሞ ዊ ᄽኙ മLjႴᄲ ݛܠ ୯Ljᅜ ݞ ኹ ᄽ ቛ ڦ ଷ ᅃ ቱҹăጺ ઠ Lj ዊ ᅃዖ ল ᇸLj ᅜణമԥට ಙച ݭڦ ച ᇱଙLj ᆶ Ն௨ කLj ڦٷ ᅮă Ljᆯᇀ ዊ ᄽ ᆶ ඇฆᄽ LjยԢ ሰ Ԩ Ԩ ܔ ডߛă Ljᆯᇀ ܔ ዊᇱ ଙ ᆶ ၜ Lj ዊ ڦ ၜ ᄺ ڸ ੩LjසӀቷ د ཥ ኙ ݛ ๕Lj Ղॽ ᅃօ३ณᄽዷ ڦ ૧ Lj ፆҹ ዊ ᄽ ڦ ቛă ዊ ᇸ ཨጨ ዊ ᇸยԢᄺᆌၛ ௨ ځ ᇜă ܔ ᇀႿ ຽᄢ ٷ ዐ႙ትഘၜణLjᆯᇀ ࠕ ټ ઠ ڦٷ ᅮLj ཨጨ ܔ ၄ᆶ ߛLjᅺ አ ᆶՂᄲ Ⴟ ትഘ ࠃ ײ ցཌྷLj ܮ 45 ᇮ/ ت DŽईጺཨ ጨ ڦ 30%DžLjईኁ ຽᄢ ትഘ ٿࠃ ײ ཌྷတăଷ ጺ ઠ Lj ዊ ᅃዖ ল ᇸLj ᅜణമԥට ಙച ݭڦ ച ᇱଙLj ᆶ Ն௨ කLj ڦٷ ᅮă ॐ ዷᄲࡔ ऐࠓ ᅜԥ ݴ ଇ Ljᅃ থ ᇑ ዊ ࡀ Ă แ ڦ ऐࠓLjଷ ᅃ क़থ ऐࠓLjසఫၵჺ৯ ዊ ቛ ܔ ઓ ټ ઠ ڦ ᆖၚ ڦ ऐࠓă 6.2 ܔ ዷᄲ থ ࡔ ऐࠓᆌ ڦڅ ሴඪߴ କॺᅱă 7/3ǖ! থሴඪև և ঙ አև አ Ăࡀ ࡔ ߀ DŽࡔ ᇸਆaDž አ Ăࡀ Ă แĂ ౫ᄽև रև ԍև ࡔ ᇸଶ ڞ ፇ แĂ DŽዷᄲև Dž แĂ DŽዷᄲर ຍኧ և Dž ኴ Ă ԍአ ၹ aࡔ ᇸਆ ૬ᇀ2008 Lj ย ም ᇸ ă 63 ሴඪ ᆶ૧ᇀ౫٩ ዊ ቛ ڦ አघ አ Ԉ አཨ ĂցཌྷĂ Ă ڪ ඹ ڦ አ ဣLjඇ௬ ኧ ౫٩ ዊ रຍჺ Ă ۅ ๖ ݔ Ă ᄽ ڪ ऄ ۯ ӝ౫٩ ዊ ቛ ڦ ణՔ ࡀ భ ࡔڟ ም ᇸዐ ቛణՔ ࡀ ኮዐ ౫٩ ዊ ᄽ ቛኸ ࡀڞ ኴ ᄽ ቛአ ኸ ݛں ڞ ቛణՔ ࡀ ඪခ ሴ ধߍ ۉ Ă ଙᅚ ـ ᆳ ڪ ᄽ ၜణ ፇኯ ᆩትഘሞ౫٩ ں ࡀڦ ఇ ᆌᆩ ፇኯႿ ᄢኳ ትഘ ײ ၜణࡀ ፇኯধߍഘ णዐࠃഘၜణ ڦ ๖ ݔ ፇኯ ᇸፕ ڦ ዖ ᇣĂመಢ ۅ ፇኯধߍ ႙ ଙरຍᇑধߍትഘरຍ ڦ ჺ ۅ ๖ ݔ ሞჺ ۅ ๖ ݔ ኮࢫLjፇኯ ᇸፕ ए ॺں ยĂধ ߍ ႙ ଙሞ౫٩ ڦ Ăধߍትഘ ײ ๖ ݔ Ⴀ ౫٩ ዊ ࡔڦ ჺ ᇑ౫ᄽևࠌཞፇኯ ჺ ۅ ๖ ݔ ၜణ ڦ แ ԍ ࡀ አ Ljժ ڦࡀ ኴ አ ڦ ൧ Ⴤ ቛ ڦ ঙ ኧ ౫٩ ዊ ቛ ᇸᅱ LjԈઔ ዊ ሞ౫٩ ں ڦ ૧ ᆩ Ljਸቛև क़ ߛڦ ၹ

80 SEAC

81 ڼ ቤ አ ᆅ ڞ Ă ॺ ยᇑබጨ ࡔ և प ؽݛں ऐࠓ ኮक़ ڦ ၜణኴ ၹ ऐ ᅙ ړ ຄă බጨ ॐ 6.4ଚ କ ዊ ቛ ڦ ణՔLj ၄ኄ ၵణՔLjႴᄲአ ڦ አ ኧ ࡀ ኸ ڞ LjᄺႴᄲᆩ Ăਸ ฆĂ ሰฆ ૧ᅮ ኁ ཨጨLjኄ ภतබጨ ă ዐߴ କၜణॺย Ljժཚࡗ ၜణ Ԩ ໙ କ ᅃ ణՔ ڦ ၜణጺ ԨLjᅜ त౫٩ ዊ ਸ ጺ Ԩă ၄౫٩ ዊ ቛ ణՔLj ڟ 2020 LjႴ ཨጨ4,135ᅢᇮLj ዐLjሀ76%DŽ3,143ᅢᇮDžᆩᇀᅜ ౫ ዷᄲ ᅮට ڦ ትഘĂ ႙ ଙ ᇸፕ Lj ሀ4%DŽ165ᅢᇮDžᆩᇀ ዊഘ णዐࠃഘ ײ Lj ᇆ ڦ 20%DŽ827ᅢᇮDžᆩᇀ ۉ ᅂ ଙ ǗଷႴ15ᅢ ᇮᆩᇀჺ Ă๖ ݔ ۅ ă බጨർ ڢ ăዐࡔ౫٩ ዊ ቛጨ ዷᄲઠᇸ ᇀଇ ർ ڢ Ljᅃ አ ཨጨLj ၜణබጨăአ ᆶՂ ᄲ ᇑ౫ থ ڦ ၜణ ཨጨǗ ຳටཨጨ ܔ ᇀԍቱጨ თ ڦ ჄႠᇑಢᇣ ຄ ዊ ᄽഐ ጣ ፕᆩă ၜణᄺႴᄲአ ցዺLj ڍ ዷᄲᆌᅈ ౫ /ᄽዷጲᆶጨ බऐࠓබጨĊĊԈઔࡔ බጨ ࡔ බጨ ڪ ă 7/5ǖ! ၄ ణՔ Ⴔཨጨ+ ၜణ ཨጨ ࡀ!!!ఇ ౫٩ ᆩትഘ 3,000ᇮ/ 8,000 DŽႎሺ6000 Dž ٷ ዐ႙ትഘ ײ ဣཥ ዕ ᆩ ยแ 150 ᇮ/ ت 650ᇮ/ ধߍ ႙ ଙ ଙದໃ ۅ ౫ ᆌᆩဣཥ 100 ᇮ/ ت 1,500ᇮ/ 1, ౫٩ধߍഘ ײ 50 ᇮ/ ت 3,000 ت 15.0 ধߍትഘणዐࠃഘ ยԢҾጎ ዕ ᆩ ยแ 87 ᇮ/ ت 650ᇮ/ ধߍ ײ ۉ 500 DŽႎॺ6500 ت Dž 1,000 ت 20 ཨጨDŽᅢᇮDž 1, ,000ᇮ/ഥ 6ഥቹ ᇮ/చ 300ᇮ/చ 5,000 చ ցཌྷ3 Lj200ᇮ/చ ଙᅚ ـ 3,500ᇮ/ ܖ DŽ Dž 1,000 ܖ ᆳ 9,000ᇮ/ ܖ DŽ Dž 50 ܖ 45.0 ᇸፕ ए ॺں ย ౫ ዖኲ ჺ ๖ ݔ ጺཨጨ *Ԩ ዐ ڦ ཨጨ ܮ প 2020 ڦ ཨጨ ܮ ă /1

82 66 ዐࡔ౫٩ ዊ /6ǖ3131 ᇘዘ ۅ ཨጨႴ൱ᇨ ཨጨ ܮݻ DŽᅢᇮDž ᇘ ॺᅱ ᆩ ڦ ጨᇸĂरຍतᆌᆩଶᇘ ԛ DŽ ॿĂञଠĂଓ Dž ᅜፕ ݭ ച ᇱଙ ڦ ዊ ႙रຍLjᆌᆩᇀ౫ ٩ غ ൽ ଶᇘ ᅺට ፕ ݭ ച ጨᇸ ݿ Lj ቛ ۉ 328 ԛ DŽԛ Ă ԛă ళĂ Ăཀ Dž ᆩትഘ ᅜፕ ݭ ച ᇱଙ ڦ ዊ ႙रຍLjᆌᆩᇀ౫ ٩ غ ൽ ଶᇘ ᅜፕ ݭ ച ᇱଙ ڦ ትഘ रຍ Ⴟ ຽᄢ ٷ ዐ႙ትഘ ײ 770 ߛᇱ DŽ߆໖Ă ဇĂ ဇDž ߛ ሲ 298 ॿ ዐ ᆴ DŽҾ Ă ԛă ళĂॿ ĂॿဇĂฉ ĂኅॿDž ዊഘ रຍDŽሞ ਦरຍ ऐ ڦ ཉॲ Dž ళ DŽ ॺޟ Ă Ă ဇĂ ళDž ୯ ڟ ഘࢪཉॲLj ቛትഘरຍLjԈઔ ᆩትഘ ٷ ዐ႙ትഘ 667 ဇళ DŽዘ൪ĂࡍዝĂ ج ĂሊళDž ᆩትഘ ዊ ႙ ଙ ዊഘ रຍDŽሞ ਦरຍ ऐ ڦ ཉॲ Dž 829 ߛᇱ ߛ ሲ ႎঀ ዊ ႙ ଙLjᄺ ದ ᆩ ᄞ रຍ ዊഘ रຍDŽሞ ਦरຍ ऐ ڦ ཉॲ Dž ጺ አ ཨጨ ๕Ԉઔǖ DŽ1Džցཌྷ ᆩትഘ ॺ ยLj ধߍ ႙ ଙLjॺย ᇸፕ ए ں Ǘ DŽ2DžߴᇑႿ ᄢኳ ٷ ዐ႙ትഘ ײ Ăধߍഘ णዐࠃഘ ײ ধߍትഘ ײ ցཌྷ ૧တց ཌྷǗ DŽ3Džჺ ए DŽዷᄲ ጨ ݛ DžǗ DŽ4Dž ۅ ๖ ݔ ၜణአ ཨ 50%ፑᆸă ॽ ዊ ᄽಢᇣ ૬Ă Ⴤ ৪ኛ ഽ ڦ ᄽLjአ ᆌ ᄽዷĂࡔ බऐࠓĂࡔ ፇኯĂ ࡔአ तຳᆐև ਸ ݣ ཨጨ ă 1, ߴ କ ဦ ڦ බጨ ཨጨ ࠓăአ ጺ ཨጨ 1,515ᅢᇮLj ཨጨጺႴ൱ ڦ 36.6%Ǘ ᇆ2,620ᅢ ᇮႴᄲཚࡗၜణබጨइ ڥ Lj ዐᄽዷ/౫ ጲ 1,180ᅢ ᇮLj බጨ1,440ᅢᇮDŽ ጨ ጺႴ൱ ڦ 34.8%Džăᄺ ຫLj බऐࠓ ڦ ཨጨ क़ 1440ᅢᇮă ॽ ዊ ᄽಢᇣ ૬Ă Ⴤ ৪ኛ ഽ ڦ ᄽLjአ ᆌ ᄽዷĂࡔ බऐࠓĂࡔ ፇ ኯĂ ࡔአ तຳᆐև ਸ ݣ ཨጨ ă

83 ,

84 Promoting Medium- and Large-Scale Integrated Renewable Biomass Energy Systems

85 69 9,680 7, German Agency for Technical Cooperation,GTZ ,3907% , ,450 1,545 30,45049,800

86 CDM 7.1 CDM

87 71 a / X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X a. 12

88 CDM (Energy for All Partnership) SNV Food and Agriculture Organization International Fund for Agricultural Development

89 SNV %~8% International Bioenergy Symposium 7.3

90 74 ዐࡔ౫٩ ዊ 2020 ၄ࡔ ፔ ࠋڦ ၅Ǘ ፕऐࠓ ڦ ጺ ࡕLj ᅜཚࡗ ጺ ᆶၜణ ڦ ኸՔ ڟڥݴڥ ă ܔ ᇀ ፕऐࠓၜణऄ ټۯ ઠ ڦ ᆖၚLjᆌ Ⴤ ጚඓ ڦ ೠࠚLjᅜԍኤ ݴ ဆ ڦ ኝႠă ກ ت ᆌ ᆩࡔ ࡔ ጨศጆ ኴ ਏ ڦ ೠ ඪခLjժ ࡔ ঙՊႀೠ Ԓߢă ߛཨጨ ᅮ ڦ ॺย փ ഽ ॺยLjᆮ प ݛں ௬ ڦ ॺยLj ܔ ᇀ ߛၜణ Ăԍቱၜణ ڦ Ⴤ ᅮਏᆶዘ ٷ ᅪᅭăጚԢ ᅱᆌ ॺย ਏ ॺ ᅱăਉӸಢჟჺ༪ ፕ ॺย ڦ ᅃዖ ๕Ljಢჟ ణՔԈઔǖ ߛ Ⴀჺ৯ĂՔກՊႀ ॺᅱກೠࠚ ڦ ዊ ଉǗ ߀ ยԢย Քጚ ණኤ ײ Ⴞ ߀ ೠࠚ ݛڦ ᇑरຍ ߛ ݛܠܔ ፕਸ ࡀٷڦ ఇĂ ں ᇘၜణ ڦ 8/4ǖ ፕऐࠓ ᅮೠ ݔ ኸՔ ߀ ഘ ३ณଉ ක ڦ ३ณଉ ഘ ක३ณଉ ഘዊଉ߀ ײ ঢ়ष ቛ ظ ሰ ڦ ᄽऐ ຕଉ ႎॺ ڦ ഓᄽຕଉ ݛں ऄ ײߛ ڦ ม ڦ ሺ ଉ ม ᆖၚ ३ ଉ ඖ ޟ ૧ ߀ڦ ײ ၕ ਐ ڦ ײ ᇸ ᆩᇀ غ Ăൽ ڦۉ ႎሺጎऐඹଉ ႎၜణ ڦ ᇸଉ ཨጨ ᅮ ཨጨଉ แ ڦ ၜణຕଉ ፕअӵ ڦ ᅪ ॺย ಢჟჺ༪Ӭ ں ஹᅟ پ ॺยऄ ۯ Ԉઔǖ ں ჺLjժೠࠚ ణ ڦࡔڦ አ Ăघ ٯ แ ࡀ Ǘ ܔ ກ ت ፕටᇵ ၜణ Lj ခ ݛڪ ௬ ڦ ಢჟă փ ഽ ॺยLjᆮ प ݛں ௬ ڦ ॺยLj ܔ ᇀ ߛၜణ Ăԍቱၜణ ڦ Ⴤ ᅮਏᆶዘ ٷ ᅪᅭă ԨԒߢ ዐࡔ ၄ ࢢ ڦ 2020౫٩ ዊ ቛణՔ କୟ ăཚࡗኄᅃࡗ ײ Ljዐࡔణമ ڦ ኧ አ Ă ၹ ॺยᅜत ڦ ᆶ ཨጨLjᆶዺᇀሞ2020 ၄ ᇸ লĂ ߀ ౫ ሺ ڦ ణՔă