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1 南海北部湾东部海域表层沉积物地球化学特征 1, 崔振昂 2, 林进清 1, 甘华阳 1 1 1, 2, 刘文涛, 张亮 (1., ; 2.,, ) 摘要 : 通过对南海北部湾东部海域 61 个站位表层沉积物粒度和地球化学组成的相关分析和因子分析, 探讨了其空间分布特征元素相关性以及元素组合特征, 揭示了元素在区域上的分布规律和主控因素结果表明 : 绝大多数常微量元素具有相似的平面分布特征, 而 MnO Zr CaO 和 Sr 空间变异系数较大, 在部分区域出现了异常高值, 表明其沉积环境受到正常陆源沉积以外其他因素的影响元素和 Al 2 O 3 的比值分布特征表明, 广西和海南岛近岸沉积物主要由陆源碎屑沉积组成, 在潮汐和近岸径流作用下, 由近岸向远海输送 ; 而研究区西部海域沉积物主要为来自红河的物质元素相关分析和因子分析结果表明, 研究区表层沉积物中绝大多数常微量元素主要受沉积物粒度的控制 ; CaO 和 Sr 含量主要受生物活动活跃程度控制 ; Zr 含量分布主要受控于源区母岩矿物组成以及自源区的搬运距离 ; 而 MnO 含量则受陆源海底热液以及自生作用等多种来源共同影响关键词 : 北部湾 ; 表层沉积物 ; 地球化学中图分类号 : X142 文献标识码 : A 文章编号 : (2015) doi: 10/11759/hykx ,,,,, [1-7],,,, [8],,, 61,,, 1 区域地质背景,,,, 100 m,,,,,,, [7],, [1],, [2],,,,,, [2, 4] : ; : : (KLMMR-2013-A-14) : (1974-),,,,,, cuizhenang@163.com Marine Sciences / Vol. 39, No. 7 /

2 2 样品采集与分析 ,,, 61 ( 1),, (>0.063 mm),, <1% Mastersizer 2 000, 3% 60, 200 SiO 2 : Na 2 CO 3,, HCl,, ; SiO 2 ICP-OES (Al 2 O 3 Fe 2 O 3 CaO MgO K 2 O Na 2 O MnO P 2 O 5 TiO 2 ): HNO 3 +HClO 4 +HF, HCl, 5%, Optima 4 300DV ICP-OES 12 (Cu Co Cr Sc Sr Ga Ni V Zn Pb Ba Zr), HCl+ HClO 4 +HF, 2%, ICP-AES,, <3%, 3 结果 3.1 表层沉积物分布特征, (Mz) 0.1~7.7Φ, ~7.7Φ, 85%, ( 2) Shepard(1954) [9], (YT) (ST) (TS) (YS) (S) (S-T-Y) 6, (22 ), (17 ),,,, 2 Fig. 2 The distribution of surface sediments in the eastern Beibu Gulf 1 Fig. 1 The location of the study area and the sampling stations 3.2 表层沉积物常微量元素地球化学分布特征 104 / 2015 / 39 / 7

3 ,, 1 1, SiO 2 Al 2 O 3, 61.83% 18.32%, 1, 0.3,, MnO CaO Sr Zr ,,, ( ), Surfer11,, SiO 2 Al 2 O 3 Sr Zr : (1) SiO 2, Al 2 O 3 SiO 2 (2) Al 2 O 3 Fe 2 O 3 MgO K 2 O Na 2 O : Cu Co Cr Sc Ga Ni V Zn Pb Ba, 3, ( ) (3) CaO Sr,,, CaO Sr (4) MnO Zr,, MnO, ; Zr,, 表 1 研究区表层沉积物中常微量元素组分含量特征 Tab.1 Characteristics of major and trace elemental compositions of surface sediments in the study area (%) (10 6 ) SiO Cu Al 2 O Ni Fe 2 O Sr MgO Zn CaO V Na 2 O Ba K 2 O Sc MnO Ga TiO Pb P 2 O Cr Zr Co 讨论 4.1 表层沉积物常微量元素相关分析,, SPSS 61 22, 2 ( 2) SiO 2,, SiO 2, SiO 2, Al 2 O 3 K 2 O MgO Na 2 O Sc V Ni Cr SiO 2 0.5, SiO 2 Fe 2 O 3 MgO K 2 O Na 2 O Cu Co Cr Sc Ga Ni V Zn Pb Ba Al 2 O 3 Al, Al 2 O 3, [10-11],, CaO Sr,,,,,, MnO Zr, Marine Sciences / Vol. 39, No. 7 /

4 Fig 图 3 研究区表层沉积物中值粒径和代表性元素平面分布图 Distribution of median grain size and representative major and trace elements in the study area 海洋科学 / 2015 年 / 第 39 卷 / 第 7 期

5 Marine Sciences / Vol. 39, No. 7 /

6 , 4.2 元素与 Al 2 O 3 比值及其地质意义 Al 2 O 3,, [12] 4 Al 2 O 3,, SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3,, SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3,,,, SiO 2,, Al 2 O 3, SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3,, Ti Zr,, [13] 4, TiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 Zr/Al 2 O 3,,,,, TiO 2 /Al 2 O 3, SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3,, Zr/Al 2 O 3, Zr CaO/Al 2 O 3 Sr/Al 2 O 3,,, Ca Sr Ca, Sr 2+ Ca 2+, [14-15], 4.3 元素组合特征及控制因素,,, SPSS13.0, R,,, 1,, 90.14%( 3), 4 F %,, A1 2 O 3 Fe 2 O 3 MgO Na 2 O TiO 2 TiO 2 P 2 O 5 V Co Cu Ni Zn Ba Sc Ga Pb Cr SiO 2, SiO 2,, [4-5],,, A1 2 O 3 Fe 2 O 3,, SiO 2,,,, F1, F2 14.9%, CaO Sr Ca Sr,,, CaO, [16-17] CaO Sr, F3 8.65% Zr Zr,, Zr, (ZrSO 4 ),,, Zr [18],,, 108 / 2015 / 39 / 7

7 图 4 研究区表层沉积物代表性元素与 Al2O3 平面分布图 Fig. 4 Distribution of the elements/al2o3 ratio in the study area Marine Sciences / Vol. 39, No. 7 /

8 表 3 研究区表层沉积物常量元素因子分析 Tab. 3 Analysis of factors of major elements in the surface sediments from the study area F1 F2 F3 F4 Zn V Al 2 O Ga Co Cr Fe 2 O Cu Sc Ni MgO Na 2 O TiO P 2 O Pb K 2 O Ba SiO CaO Sr Zr MnO (%) (%) Zr,, F4, 6.93%, MnO Zr, MnO,, Mn, Mn [19-20], Mn [21] MnO, 5 结论 (1) ( ) Al 2 O 3 Fe 2 O 3 MgO V Co Cu, ; MnO CaO Sr Zr, , (2) Al 2 O 3,, ; ;,, (3), (SiO 2 Al 2 O 3 Fe 2 O 3 MgO Na 2 O TiO 2 TiO 2 P 2 O 5 V Co Cu Ni Zn Ba Sc Ga Pb Cr ) ; CaO Sr ; Zr, ; MnO : [1] Li Y, Lin M, Jiang W B, et al. Process control of the sand wave migration in beibu gulf of the south china sea[j].journal of Hydrodynamics(Ser. B), 2011, 23(4): [2],,,. [J]., 2008, 63 (11): [3],,. 4200a., 2010, 29(4): 1-5. [4],,,. [J]., 2010, 32 (3): [5],,. [J]., 2012, 41(2): [6] Dou Y G, Li J, Zhao, J T, et al. Distribution, enrichment and source of heavy metals in surface sediments of the eastern Beibu Bay, South China Sea[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2013, 67 (1 2): [7],,,. [J]., 2001, 23(6): [8],. [ M]. :, [9] Shepard F P. Nomenclature based on sand- silt- clay ratios[j]. Journal of Sedimentary Geology, 1954, 24(3) : / 2015 / 39 / 7

9 [10],. [J]., 2003, 21(1): [11],,. [J]., 2007, 27 (6) : [12],. [J]., 2002, 20(4): [13]. [M]. :, [14],,,. [J]., 2003, 21(1): [15],,. [J]., 2010, 30(3), [16],, PC5222 [J]., 2007, 27(2) : [17],. [J]., (4): [18],,,. [J]., 2010, 29(1), [19] Wei G J, Liu Y, Li X H, et al. High resolution element al records from the South China Sea and their paleo-productivity implications[j]. Paleoceanography, 2003b, 18 (2): [20],,,, Mn Cd Mo : ODP1148 [J]., 2005, 34(2): [21],,. [M]. :, Geochemical characteristics of the surface sediments in the eastern Beibu Gulf, South China Sea CUI Zhen-ang 1, 2, LIN Jin-qing 1, GAN Hua-yang 1, LIU Wen-tao 1, ZHANG Liang 1, 2 (1. Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, Guangzhou , China; 2. MLR Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources, Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, Guangzhou , China) Received: Sep., 5, 2014 Key words: The Beibu Gulf ; surface sediments ; Geochemistry Abstract: Based on the correlation analysis of the grain size and geochemical compositions of 61 surface-sediments samples from the eastern Beibu Gulf, South China Sea, the features of spatial distributions, correlations and combinations of the elements were characterized, and the main controlling factors of the elements were identified. The results showed that most of elements, such as SiO 2, Al 2 O 3, Fe 2 O 3, MgO, Na 2 O, TiO 2, TiO 2, P 2 O 5, V, Co, Cu, Ni, Zn, Ba, Sc, Ga, Pb and Cr, have similar spatial distributions, indicative of the stable sedimentary environment and material sources. Based on the distributions of the elements/al 2 O 3 ratio, it can be concluded that the sediments in Guangxi and Hainan nearshore are mainly composed of terrigenous materials and transported from the coastal area to the offshore, and the sediments in the central area of the gulf are mainly from the Red River. The results of the correlation analysis and factor analysis suggest that the grain size is the main factor controlling the distribution of most of the major and trace elements in the study area. The CaO and Sr are controlled by the biogenic substance. The contents of Zr mainly depend on the geological features of source area and the distance from its point of origin. However, the distribution of MnO is affected by terrestrial input, submarine hydrothermal solution and authigenous minerals together. ( 本文编辑 : 康亦兼 ) Marine Sciences / Vol. 39, No. 7 /

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