18 5 2013 10 Vol 18 No 5 JOURNAL OF HARBIN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Oct 2013 150080 IDLH Fluent 1 ~ 1 5 m 2 5 m X928 02 A 1007-2683 2013 05-0076- 06 The Arrangement of Ammonia Refrigeration Station and Ventilation Simulation JIANG Yong-qing YAN Yun-fei HU Jing-tao School of Measurement-control Technology and Communications Engineering Harbin University of Science and Technology Harbin 150080 China Abstract Based on the minimum exhaust accident research about making sure the ammonia concentration is under IDLH immediately dangerous to life or health concentration when the refrigeration station's ammonia compressor is leaking by putting the equipment onto different places At the same time it discussed the wind path's best height and quantity of into-wind on the refrigeration machine to safe the staff working inside Built up a refrigeration station's ammonia compressor leaking model by the way of Fluent numerical simulation It tells the method of putting refrigeration station's equipment and the quantity of exhausting air accident by dealing with data information The result is that the Refrigeration equipment should be put in the middle of the Station the down-edge of the wind path s intowind should keep within 1 to 1 5 m and no more than 2 5 m It also provides evident for installing of refrigeration station s machine selecting accident exhaust fan and the height of into-wind machine's install Key words equipment arrangement accident ventilation ammonia leakage numerical simulation 0 1 2012-06 - 18 10-033 1971 E-mail jiangyongqing@ 126 com 1987 1989 300 2
5 77 IDLH immediately dangerous to life or health concentration 20 mm 8 2 k - ε 1 Thorney Island Trial 0 008 ( 2 k ) 1 + 1 3 a 0 a k 1 4 Q ELY 0 kg /s 2 Mk 2 Q 4 0 = C d A RT( k ) 2 槡 + 1 C d 1 5-6 0 95 0 9 A m 2 M GB50072-2010 6 3 11 h 8 314 J /mol K T K k 0 8 m 7 3 0 > 2 ( k ) 3 + 1 Q 0 kg /s 4 Mk 2 Q 0 = YC d A ρ RT( k ) 4 槡 + 1 GB50072-2010 9 0 2 A ρ m 2 ρ kg /m 3 Y 183 m 3 5 /h 34 000 m 3 /h 7 1 Y = 49 410 m 3 /h 2 1 槡 0 2 k 1-0 k [ ] 5
78 18 2 2 1 18 m15 m8 m g = 9 81 m /s 2 288 K 1 2 m 2 2 m 0 002 m 0 6 Ma 2 265 K 10 s 3 2 2 Fluent 6 2 16 4 Realizable k - ε 3 2 GB / T18664-2002 11 IDLH 360 mg /m 3 2 118 10-5 kmol /m 3 9 GB50072-2010 7 2 1 Realizable k - ε k ε ρk + ρku i = t x i x j ρε + ρεu i t x i μ + μ t k ( σ ) k x μ + μ t [ ] = x j [ ] σ ε j + G k - ρε 6 ε x j + ρc 1 E ij ε - ρc 2 ε 2 k + 槡 υε 7 G 5 k m 1 m σ k = 1 0 σ ε = 1 2 C 2 = 1 9 C 1 = max( 0 43 η η + 5) 8 11 s 6 11 10-5 F ij = 1 2 μ i = ρc μ k 2 ε u i + u j x j x 3 i 9 10 1 ~ 5 0 3 583 kg /s Fluent Q 0 = 0 1 926 kg /s 10 100ppm 150ppm 2 1 m 0 8 m 5 5 m kmol /m 3 144ppm 1 1 6m IDLH 2 1 ~ 9 m IDLH 3 3 1 IDLH 1 6 m
5 79 2 10 4 65 60 1 6 m IDLH 35 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 3 1 压缩机与左墙间距 /m 1 6 m 1 IDLH IDLH 1 1 6 m 1 1 IDLH 5 m /m / m 3 /h 1 74 880 2 74 880 3 69 120 4 57 600 5 40 320 6 46 080 7 57 600 8 63 360 9 69 120 最小事故排风量 /(m 3 /h) 80 75 70 55 50 45 40 40 320 m 3 /h 2 3 5 m 1 6 m IDLH 1 6 m IDLH (a)1%m (b)2%m (c)3%m (d)4%m (e)5%m (f)6%m (g)7%m (h)8%m (i)9%m 2 1 ~ 9 m IDLH
80 18 3 IDCH 1 6 m 3 3 IDLH 0 5m 1m 1 5m 2m 2 5m 4 IDLH (a)05%m (b)1%m 2 IDLH /m / m 3 /h 0 5 57 600 1 0 40 320 1 5 40 320 2 0 63 360 (c)15%m (d)2%m 2 1 ~ 1 5 m IDLH 5 (e)25%m 2 5 m 4 0 5 m 1 m 1 5 m 2 m 2 5 m IDLH
5 81 4 Fluent Realizable k - ε J - 19 5 J 2001 1 J 2 1 ~ 2011 30 4 358-359 1 5 m 9 2011 7 8 29-33 3 2 5 m J 1 J 2007 3 3 7-11 2 J 2000 28 1 33-36 3 J 2000 10 2 26-34 4 1996 3 1 23 1 19-22 6 2001 27 9 27-31 7 GB50072-2010 1580177 374 S 2010 8 J J 10 Fluent 2006 34 4 65-68 11 GB /T18664-2002 155066 1-18697 S 2002 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 75 6 YANG X LIU J A Vehicle-to-vehicle Communication rotocol for Cooperative Collision Warning C / /The First Annual International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Systems 2004 114-123 7 TONGUZ O K WISITONGHAN N On the Broadcast Storm roblem in ad-hoc Wireless Networks C In Broadband Communications Networks and Systems 2006 8 OH Changyeong ARK Jongho AHN Jihyoung et al Treebased Multicast rotocol Using Multi-point Relays for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks C / /2011 Third International Conference on U- biquitous and Future Networks ICUFN 2011 174-178 9 MACKAY D J C Fountain Codes J IEE Communications roceedings 2005 152 6 1062-1068 10 RAHNAVARD N VELLAMBI B N FEKRI F A Distributed Energy-Efficient Broadcasting Scheme Using Fountain Codes for Multihop Wireless Networks J IEEE Transactions on Communications 2010 58 12 3561-3572 11 CATALDI TOMATIS A GRILLI G et al A Novel Data Dissemination Method for Vehicular Networks with Rateless Codes C / /IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference WCNC 09 2009 1-6 12 BUDDE R NOWAK S KAYS R Reliable Broadcast Transmission in Vehicular Networks Based on Fountain Codes C / /IEEE 73rd Vehicular Technology Conference VTC Spring 2011 1-5 13 ROAKIS J G Digital Communications Fourth Edition M New York McGraw-Hill Companies Inc 2001 25-41 14 WISITONGHAN N BAI F et al Routing in Sparse Vehicular ad hoc Wireless Networks J IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 2007 25 8 1538-1556