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97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 3
年度 年 類 例 年 行 量 年 行 量 4
Source NCC 5
行 WAP, GPRS, PHS, 3G (Source: NCC) 6
Source: Allot Mobile Trends 7
ARPU from $48 to $24 by 2011 HSPA Modules from $70 to $35 in 18 months Source: GSMA 8
9
10
11
Source Orange 12
Source Ovum `` Ensuring mobile broadband profitability, 2010/07 13
EDGE EDGE Evolution IMT 2000/3G IMT A/4G GSM TD SCDMA TD HSPA TD HSPA+ FDD LTE /TD LTE LTE A WCDMA HSPA HSPA+ IEEE 802.16e (TDD) IEEE 802.16m (TDD/FDD) 14
IMT-Advanced (4G) Data rate > 100Mbps, mobile Data rate > 1Gbps, nomadic 3G 3.5G 4G 15
2008 2009 2010 2011 ITU-R WP5D #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7 #8 #9 Proposals #10 #11 #12 Circular Letter IMT-Advanced Evaluation Consensus Specification Start Finish 16
IMT-Advanced (4G) LTE FDD/TDD 802.16m 17
Source Nokia 18
Source CSMG 4G Services Market Opportunities and Implications, 2010/03 19
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HSPA Series Evolution (CDMA-based) Rel 5/6 HSPA DL: 14.4 Mbps UL: 5.7 Mbps DL: 2x2 MIMO UL: 16QAM Rel 7 HSPA+ DL: 28 Mbps UL: 11.4 Mbps DL: 2x2 MIMO+64QAM DL: DC+MIMO+64QAM or DC+64QAM UL: DC Rel 8 HSPA+ DL: 42 Mbps UL: 11.4 Mbps Rel 9 HSPA+ DL: 84 Mbps UL: 23 Mbps Kickoff LTE Series Evolution (OFDM-based) Note: Dates refer to standards finalized Rel 8 LTE DL: 300 Mbps UL: 75 Mbps DL: 4x4 MIMO in 20MHz Rel 9 LTE DL: 300 Mbps UL: 75 Mbps Rel 10 LTE A DL: 1 Gbps UL: 500 Mbps 3GPP Concept for IMT-A (4G) 21
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System Performance IMT-Advanced requirements and time plan Rel. 8 LTE LTE-Advanced targets Time Peak data rate Peak spectrum efficiency [bps/hz] Rel. 8 LTE LTE-Advanced IMT-Advanced DL 300 Mbps 1 Gbps UL 75 Mbps 500 Mbps 1 Gbps DL 15 30 15 UL 3.75 15 6.75 23
Relay Relay CoMP enode Relay Relay Backhauli Relay Relay 24
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Source: GSA 27
28
Business 行 行 行 行 Entertainment 樂 鈴 / 行 Personalization & Broadband Communication VoIP Location 路 車 理 29
End to end Video and Internet Apps are extremely important Source: Ovum The LTE business case: services and business models, 2009/07 30
Reducing Latency LTE Latency < 10ms 3GPP R6 Latency ~100ms 3GPP R6 (7.2Mbps) LTE (~ 100Mbps) Increasing Speed Source: Ericsson 31
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xdsl Cable Modem Leased Line PWLAN 數 行 數 3G 數 36
Ericsson: Anything that benefits from being Connected will be Connected 37
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FDD Band Identifier Frequencies (MHz) 1 IMT Core Band 1920-1980/2110-2170 2 PCS 1900 1850-1910/1930-1990 3 GSM 1800 1710-1785/1805-1880 4 AWS (US & other) 1710-1755/2110-2155 Band 33, 34 35, 36 Identifier TDD 2000 TDD 1900 TDD Frequencies (MHz) 1900-1920 2010-2025 1850-1910 1930-1990 5 850 824-849/869-894 6 850 (Japan) 830-840/875-885 7 IMT Extension 2500-2570/2620-2690 37 38 PCS 1900 Center Gap IMT Extension Center Gap (1915)1910-1930 2570-2620 8 GSM 900 880-915/925-960 39 China TDD 1880-1920 9 1700 (Japan) 1750-1785/1845-1880 10 3G Americas 1710-1770/2110-2170 40 2.3 TDD 2300-2400 11 UMTS 1500 1428-1463/1476-1501 12 13 14 17 US 700 698-716/728-746 777-787/746-756 788-798/758-768 704-716/734-746 Ref: TS 36.104 Base Station (BS) radio transmission and reception Additional (FDD&TDD) 3.5 GHz 3400-3600 - 3600 3.7 GHz 3600-3800 - 3800 = Under study in 3GPP 39
Source: Unstrung 40
GSM/GPRS EDGE 3G/HSPA/HSPA+ LTE? MME: Mobility Management Entity SAE: System Architecture Evolution 41
Thank You 42