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RFID 標準推動論壇 EPCglobal HF V2.0 VS. ISO 18000-3 主講 : 劉穎昌 11, Oct, 2007 正隆 RFID 應用驗測中心

簡報綱要 RFID HF 相關標準簡介 ISO 18000-3 3 VS. EPCglobal HF V2.0 優劣點比較結論

RFID HF 國際標準 ISO 18000-3 ISO 15693 ISO 14443A ISO 14443B 標準名稱 EPC HF V1.0 EPC HF V2.0 發佈單位 ISO ISO ISO ISO Auto_ID Center EPCglobal 未來性

RFID HF 相關業者自有標準 / 產品以 ISO 15693 技術標準修改 Philips I-CODE1, I I-CODE I HSL ST Microelectronic LR512 EM 4135 TI Tag-it HFi Infinion My-D 以 ISO 14443A 技術標準修改 Philips mifare

EPCglobal HF V2.0 VS. ISO 18000-3 Interrogator to Tag (R=>T) 差異項目協定參數功能 ISO 18000-3 EPCglobal HF V2.0 M1-Int: 1C Operating Frequency Accuracy ±100 ppm (1.356 KHz) ±7 KHz M1-Int: 6a T-R Turn-Around Time 0~50us 75.5us M1-Int: 6b R-T Turn-Around Time 0~100us 151~1194us M1-Int: 6c Dwell Time or Interrogator Transmit Power-Down Ramp 0~10us 1500us Max. M1-Int: 6d Deacy Time or Interrogator Transmit Power-Down Ramp 0~10us 500us Max. M1-Int: 7 Modulation PJM (Phase Jitter Modulation) DSB-ASK M1-Int: 7d Modulation Depth N/A 10~30%

EPCglobal HF V2.0 VS. ISO 18000-3 Interrogator to Tag (R=>T) 差異項目協定參數功能 ISO 18000-3 EPCglobal HF V2.0 M1-Int: 8 Data Coding MFM (Modified FM) PIE (Pulse Interval Encoding) M1-Int: 9 Bit Rate 423.75 Kbps 26.7~100 Kbps M1-Int: 9a Bit Rate Accuracy ±1 % Synchronous to the carrier frequency M1-Int: 13 Bit Transmission Order LSB first MSB first

EPCglobal HF V2.0 VS. ISO 18000-3 Tag to Interrogator(T=>R) 差異項目協定參數功能 ISO 18000-3 EPCglobal HF V2.0 M1-Tag: 1 Operating Frequency Accuracy 13.56 ±3.013 MHz 13.56 MHz M1-Tag: 2 Occupied Channel Bandwidth 106 KHz Local Regulation M1-Tag: 6a T-R Turn-Around Time 0~200us 151~1194us M1-Tag: 6b R-T Turn-Around Time 50~100us 75.5us M1-Tag: 7 Modulation Load Modulation ASK M1-Tag: 7e Subcarrier Frequency 969,1233,1507,1808,208 6,2465,2712,3013 KHz 423,847 KHz M1-Tag: 7g Subcarrier Modulation BPSK Manchester M1-Tag: 7h Duty Cycle FM0:50% Subcarrier:50% N/A

EPCglobal HF V2.0 VS. ISO 18000-3 Tag to Interrogator(T=>R) 差異項目協定參數功能 ISO 18000-3 EPCglobal HF V2.0 M1-Tag: 8 Data Coding MFM (Modified FM) FM0 or Manchester M1-Tag: 9 Bit rate 105.9375 Kbps 423, 847 KHz M1-Tag: 11 Preamble MFM (Modified FM) Required M1-Tag: 11a Preamble Length 16 Bits As Specified M1-Tag: 13 Bit Transmission Order LSB first MSB first

EPCglobal HF V2.0 VS. ISO 18000-3 Tag Inventory and Access 差異項目協定參數功能 ISO 18000-3 EPCglobal HF V2.0 M1-P: 3a UID Length 64 Bits 96 Bits M1-P: 3b Format UID EPC M1-P: 6 Read Transaction Time 1.282ms+150us Varied With R=>T & T=>R rate and number of bits M1-P: 7 Write Transaction Time 1.282ms+75.5us 20ms Max. M1-P: 8 Error Detection R=>T 16 Bits CRC T=>R 32 Bits CRC R=>T Select: CRC-16 Query: CRC-5 Access: CRC-16 Inventory: Command Length T=>R PC, EPC: CRC-16 RN16: CRC-5 or CRC-16 Handle: CRC-16

EPCglobal HF V2.0 VS. ISO 18000-3 Collision management 差異項目協定參數功能 ISO 18000-3 EPCglobal HF V2.0 M1-A: 2 Linearity <10000 Tags => Linear >10000 Tags => Polynomial <2 15 Tags => Linear M1-A: 3 Tag Inventory Capacity >32000 Unlimited M1-A: 4 Multiple Tag Identification Rate 100 Tags/150ms N/A

EPCglobal HF V2.0 VS. ISO 18000-3 標準差異項目 Reader=>Tag 通信共 20 項. Tag=>Reader 通信共 22 項. Tag 讀寫參數共 7 項. 抗碰撞通信參數共 3 項.

ISO ISO 18000-3 感應距離 : 0~90 公分 ( 與 ISO 15693 相當 ) 10~40 個 Tags/ 秒 Mode 1: 以 ISO 15693 為基礎 Reader to Tag Data Rate: 1.65~26.48 Kbps Tag to Reader Data Rate: 26.48 Kbps Mode 2: ISO 18000-3 技術特色使用 PJM(Phase-Jitter Jitter Modulation) Reader to Tag Data Rate: 423.75 Kbps Tag to Reader Data Rate: 105.9375 Kbps/ch (8 ch.s)

ISO ISO 18000-3 Mode 1 優點 6 家國際 IC 大廠支持 9 家 Reader 產品製造商技術成熟度高缺點資料讀取速率慢 ISO 18000-3 技術特色

EPCglobal HF V2.0 技術特色 EPCglobal HF V2.0 參考 UHF Gen.2 Protocol 感應距離 : 0~90 公分 ( 與 ISO 15693 相當 ) 10~160 個 Tags/ 秒 Reader to Tag Data Rate: 26.7~100 Kbps Tag to Reader Data Rate: 423~847 Kbps

EPCglobal HF V2.0 優點由 ISO 18000-3 3 Mode 1 技術延伸, 可得到較多之廠商支持更高之資料讀取速率 (26 Kbps up to 53 Kbps) 引用 UHF Gen. 2 部份邏輯層技術, 提升讀取速度及穩定性 Reader 設計上也會因 Tag 延伸使用 Gen.2 部份技術, 而使得缺點 EPCglobal HF V2.0 技術特色 UHF 及 HF Reader 整合一起的軟硬體成本大幅下降標準仍待審議, 尚有變數即使標準公佈, 仍需待一段時間產品及技術才會成熟

1 QP * CLRWR Ref -5.5 dbm -10-20 -30-40 -50-60 HF-MOD1-70 -80-90 -100 Center 13.56 MHz Date: 19.SEP.2007 10:55:16 * Att 50 db 100 khz/ * RBW 9 khz * VBW 10 MHz * SWT 300 s Span 1 MHz B SGL Forward Link SetupSetup Time Domain Frequency Spectrum RF Field Configuration Modulation Signal Tag Reply Modulated RF

Forward Link

Forward Link The Tari at the highest data rate allows us to meet the tag mask. At the slowest data rate, the tag mask can be met by reducing the output power. Average Data-rate 32 kbps varible Tari 84 kbps 96 kbps Tari 25 µs 9,5 µs 8,3 µs Pulse width 6.6 µs (shaped cosine) 4 µs 4 µs Maximum allowed output field strength 36 dbµa/m 45 dbµa/m 42 dbµa/m

Return Link Time Domain Configuration and output of epc-number Modulation Signal Tag Reply Modulated RF

Return Link All different modes specified in the protocol were tested. All test conditions showed that the tag replied to the configured data rate within the required timing.

Return Link

Anticollision & Noise

Anticollision & Noise FM0 modulation 1. Selected because it was the best performer but was susceptible to noise 2. Simulation will show the degree of susceptibility to noise Manchester modulation 1. Selected because it was the slowest modulation method 2. Simulation will show what happens when firmware upgrades are made to existing readers

Thinking

HF VS. UHF UHF UHF Far field 長距收發, 物流應用. Near field 短距感應, 品項管理. HFHF Near field 短距感應, 品項管理防偽應用安全控管 Far field 中長距收發, 物流應用品項管理

未來趨勢 EPCglobal HF V2 標準將成為 HF 泛用之標準, 並逐步侵蝕 ISO 15693 部份 ISO 14443A 及部份 ISO 18000-6C 之市場, 成為 RFID 市場中之主流應用技術. 由於 EPCglobal HF V2 標準採用與 UHF C1G2 相似之邏輯層, 則未來 HF 與 UHF Reader 整合在一起的成本可大幅降低, 這將驅使同時使用 HF & UHF 技術之應用案例大幅增加, 並使得許多現況應用的難題可輕易解決. 2007 Q4 EPCglobal 極有可能通過及正式發佈 HF V2 標準, ISO 亦有可能循 EPCglobal UHF C1G2 案例, 於 2008 Q2 納為 ISO 18000-3 3 Mode 3 標準.

結論新技術的誕生會有對應的標準了解了標準才能掌控應用! 正隆 RFID 應用驗測中心 Tel:+886-2-2222 2222-5131 ext 517, 518 flag@mail.clc.com.tw